Aircraft Atypical Approach Detection using Functional Principal … · 2018. 12. 5. · Gabriel...
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Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile www.enac.fr The French civil Aviation University Aircraft Atypical Approach Detection using Functional Principal Component Analysis Gabriel Jarry ENAC - The French Civil Aviation University Tuesday, 4th December 2018 SESAR Innovation Days 2018 0 / 22 0
Transcript of Aircraft Atypical Approach Detection using Functional Principal … · 2018. 12. 5. · Gabriel...
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Aircraft Atypical ApproachDetection using Functional
Principal ComponentAnalysis
Gabriel Jarry
ENAC - The French Civil Aviation University
Tuesday, 4th December 2018
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 0 / 22 0
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Outline
1 Introduction
2 Atypical Approach Detection
3 Algorithm & Results
4 Conclusions
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 0 / 22 0
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Outline
1 Introduction
2 Atypical Approach Detection
3 Algorithm & Results
4 Conclusions
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 0 / 22 / Introduction 0
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Non Stabilized Approaches (NSA)
Figure – Stabilized 1 vs Non Stabilized Approach 2
1. https ://www.videoblocks.com/video/airplane-landing-at-sunset-airliner-landing-at-the-dusk-bc-6gemhiplmjmr9
2. https ://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=u0osv1-khBs
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 1 / 22 / Introduction 1
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Non Compliant Approaches (NCA)
Figure – Compliance Criteria 3
3. A. Vernay, “Defining a Compliant Approach (CA) : A joint response to enhance the safetylevel of approach and landing,” HindSight17 - Safety versus Cost, p. 44, July 2013.
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 2 / 22 / Introduction 2
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Operational Context
French Safety State Programme (SSP) :
NCA identified as undesirable events 4
Approach flight path safety management. 5.
Accidents Study - DGAC 2015 :
57% NSA with 74% of them in NCAWhile stabilized 84% compliant74% bad weather condition, 15% final approach downwind
4. “Plan d’action Stratégique d’amélioration de la Sécurité, 2009-2013,” tech. rep., DirectionGénérale de l’Aviation Civile, 2009
5. “Plan d’action Stratégique d’amélioration de la Sécurité, Horizon 2018,” tech. rep.,Direction Générale de l’Aviation Civile (DGAC), 2013.
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 3 / 22 / Introduction 3
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Main Idea and Objectives
Approach Flight Path Safety ManagementFor pilots or ATCs ?Post-operational atypical behaviour detection algorithm
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 4 / 22 / Introduction 4
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Available Mode S Radar Data
Altitude, positionGround Speed vs Indicated Air SpeedNo weight information
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 5 / 22 / Introduction 5
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Outline
1 Introduction
2 Atypical Approach Detection
3 Algorithm & Results
4 Conclusions
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 5 / 22 / Atypical Approach Detection 5
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Detection
How can we detect atypical approaches ?
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 6 / 22 / Atypical Approach Detection 6
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Geometrical criteria for NCA detection
Figure – Lateral and vertical margin for NCA Detection
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 7 / 22 / Atypical Approach Detection 7
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Non Compliant Approach Distribution
Figure – NCA types for operations at CDG Airport betweenDecember the 1st and December the 31th 2011
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 8 / 22 / Atypical Approach Detection 8
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Glide Interception From Above detectiontools at CDG Airport
Figure – GIFA detection tool using the APW at CDG Airport
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 9 / 22 / Atypical Approach Detection 9
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Glide Interception From Above detectiontools at CDG Airport
Actual dectection approach do not use speed orenergy information which are critical in approach
and landing
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 9 / 22 / Atypical Approach Detection 9
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Why to use a functional Approach ?
Figure – Statistical approach
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 10 / 22 / Atypical Approach Detection 10
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Why to use a functional Approach ?
Figure – Functional approach
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 10 / 22 / Atypical Approach Detection 10
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Outline
1 Introduction
2 Atypical Approach Detection
3 Algorithm & Results
4 Conclusions
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 10 / 22 / Algorithm & Results 10
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Our Methodology
Total Specific Energy :
Et = Ec + Ep =12 · V 2 + g · h (J/kg)
Functional Principal Component Analysisγ(t) =
∑K0 αk · φk(t), (K min)
Sliding Window to analyse portion of trajectoriesOperational criteria on ground speed for results comparison
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 11 / 22 / Algorithm & Results 11
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Algorithm
Figure – Algorithm
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 12 / 22 / Algorithm & Results 12
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
New Ground Speed criteria
Figure – Ground Speed criteria from on-glide deceleration studies 6
6. C.Lemozit, “Aircraft Energy Management during Approach”, tech.rep., Direction Généralede l’Aviation Civile, 2005.
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 13 / 22 / Algorithm & Results 13
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Case Study Analysis
Runway 26L - CDGA32025NM to runway threshold
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 14 / 22 / Algorithm & Results 14
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Algorithm Results
Figure – Algorithm results over the whole trajectories
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 15 / 22 / Algorithm & Results 15
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Algorithm Results
Trajectory Type Number Atypical NominalContinuous Descent Approach 30 4 26Glide Interception From Above 6 6 0
Ground Speed Warning 12 12 0Nominal 1270 10 1260
Table – Result of our detection algorithm on different types oftrajectory
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 16 / 22 / Algorithm & Results 16
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Algorithm Results on ContinuousDescent Approach
Figure – Continuous Descent Approach
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 17 / 22 / Algorithm & Results 17
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Algorithm Results on Glide InterceptionFrom Above
Figure – Glide Interception From Above
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 18 / 22 / Algorithm & Results 18
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Algorithm Results on Ground SpeedWarning
Figure – Ground Speed Warning
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 19 / 22 / Algorithm & Results 19
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Algorithm Results on Other AltitudeInterception
Figure – Other Interception Altitude
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 20 / 22 / Algorithm & Results 20
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Outline
1 Introduction
2 Atypical Approach Detection
3 Algorithm & Results
4 Conclusions
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 20 / 22 / Conclusions 20
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Conclusions
Efficient atypical behaviours detection MethodologyLanding approach application with specific total energyEncouraging results on case study analysis at CDG Airport
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 21 / 22 / Conclusions 21
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Perspective and Future works
Operational validation with airlinesNSA/NCA link studyAtypical trajectory generationOnline predictive tool
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 22 / 22 / Conclusions 22
Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile
www.enac.fr
The French civil Aviation University
Questions
Thank you for your attention, any questions ?
SESAR Innovation Days 2018 22 / 22 / Conclusions 22
