Air Dropped Communications Relay System for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles SENIOR DESIGN MAY07-05.
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Transcript of Air Dropped Communications Relay System for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles SENIOR DESIGN MAY07-05.
May07-05 Air Dropped Communications Relay System for UAVs 2
Team Information
Client:Mr. Todd Colten Lockheed Martin
Advisor:Dr. Ahmed Kamal Professor, ISU
Team:
John ChargoCprE
Andrew HanrathEE
Jonathan HobackEE
Matthew ProssEE
May07-05 Air Dropped Communications Relay System for UAVs 3
Problem Statement
“Develop a system of self-contained communications nodes that can be air-dropped from a UAV at an altitude of 500ft. The nodes will then provide ‘network-centric’ IEEE 802.11 communications between ground and aerial vehicles separated by a large geographic area”
May07-05 Air Dropped Communications Relay System for UAVs 5
Functional Requirements
•Provide IEEE 802.11 coverage area of 100 km by 100 m•Drop from a UAV at 500 ft•Efficiently fit nodes in payload bay of UAV •Node should operate continuously for 6 hrs over 48 hrs•Operate within an outside environment•Sensitive data shall be destroyed after operational life•All data on the network shall be secured•Communicate reliably between mobile ground and aerial vehicles
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Node Design
Processing Unit
Radio
Relay AntennaSoftware
Power SupplyPWM
Timer Parachute
Aerial Antenna
Battery
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Node Lifecycle
Four main stages in each node’s life:
Node Deployed Node Activates Node active
< 1 minute <15 seconds
Node Self-destructs
approx 6 hours
May07-05 Air Dropped Communications Relay System for UAVs 9
Enclosure
• High-impact lexan– Will not interfere with
RF communications– Will withstand the drop– Inexpensive to
produce
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Parachute
•Semi-hemispherical•Ripstop Nylon•2.03 m diameter w/ 3” spill hole•Shoud lines: 3.03 m w/ Nomex shield covers
•Deployment: Model rocket engines (x2)•SBC triggered igniters
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Antenna Support Structure
For efficient and reliable communications the antenna must be raised off the ground.
To accomplish this a light-weight support structure will inflate out of each node using CO2
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Processing Platform
Soekris Engineeringnet 4526 single board computer
•MiniPCI slots (x2)•133MHz CPU•64 MB SDRAM•64 MB CompactFlash•Small form-factor
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Operating System
Pyramid Linux
•Designed for wireless networking applications
•Support for the Soekris 4526 SBC and Atheros
•Total size: < 64 MB
May07-05 Air Dropped Communications Relay System for UAVs 14
Radio/Antenna
• Ubiquiti SuperRange 2 MiniPCI radio
• Tx: 400 mW
• IEEE 802.11e
• 5dBi 8.4” Dipole Antenna
May07-05 Air Dropped Communications Relay System for UAVs 15
Power Supply
• (1) TI TPS51020 PWM step down converter
• (6) Tadiran TL5930 lithium-thionyl chloride (Li-SOCl2) batteries to provide 19Ah
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Network Components
• AODV-based Routing
FN10.1.0.1
RN10.0.0.1
RN10.0.0.2
RN10.0.0.3
FN10.1.0.2
1 RREQ [Dest: 10.1.0.2]
2 RREQ 3 RREQ
4 RREQ
5 RREP
6 RREP7 RREP
8 RREP
Routing TableDestination Next Hop
0 Null Null8 10.1.0.2 10.0.0.1
Routing TableDestination Next Hop
0 Null Null
Routing TableDestination Next Hop
0 Null Null
Routing TableDestination Next Hop
0 Null Null
Routing TableDestination Next Hop
0 Null Null
1 10.1.0.1 0.0.0.07 10.1.0.2 10.0.0.2
2 10.1.0.1 10.0.0.16 10.1.0.2 10.0.0.3
3 10.1.0.1 10.0.0.25 10.1.0.2 0.0.0.0
4 10.1.0.1 10.0.0.3
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Network Components
• Quality of Service (QoS)– IEEE 802.11e– Provides priority to UAVs
• Encryption– 128-bit WEP
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Overall System
300m between nodes/100km = 334 nodes in system
Each node: 10”x10”x3”, 6lbs = 8 nodes per UAV
= 42 UAVs to deploy 100km system
Cost per Node: $460
$460/node * 334nodes = $153,640
$1,531/km of coverage ($2,470/mi)
May07-05 Air Dropped Communications Relay System for UAVs 20
Summary
• Lexan enclosure• Semi-hemispherical Nylon parachute• Inflatable antenna support structure• SBC with Pyramid Linux• 400 mW Radio with 5 dBi Antennas• PWM, Lithium battery, power supply• AODV-based routing, 802.11e, WEP
• Any Questions?