AIM: How is the Earth Constantly changing? (PSKI#2)

5/3/13DO NOW:1. Answer questions #1-6

on p. 24-25 in your PS ILS Review Book.

HOMEWORK:1. Study for you

Preliminary ILS Exam #2 on Monday.

2. LE ILS Flash Cards Due-Monday 5/6

Identify the 4 spheres of the earth.Atmosphere – gas layerHydrosphere – water layer Lithosphere – rock layerBiosphere – living things

What gases does the atmosphere consist of? 78% Nitrogen 21% Oxygen 1% Carbon dioxide <1% Water vapor

What are the major layers of the atmosphere? Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere

Which layer of the atmosphere contains our weather? Troposphere

How does altitude affect air pressure? As altitude increases, the air pressure

decreases.

What are the layers of the Earth from the center outward?Core – solid rockOuter core – liquid rockMantle – mostly liquid rockCrust – upper region solid rock

ILS QuestionWhat information did scientists study in order to develop this model?1. recordings of earthquake

waves2. locations of recent

volcanic activity3. core samples from

seafloor drillings4. fossils found in rocks

ILS Question

In addition to oxygen, which gases make up the largest percentage of Earth’s atmosphere? (1) hydrogen, helium, and

water vapor(2) hydrogen, methane,

and ozone(3) carbon dioxide, water vapor, and

nitrogen(4) carbon dioxide,

methane, and helium

Oceans, glaciers, lakes, and rivers are part of Earth’s

(1) atmosphere (2) hemisphere (3) hydrosphere(4) lithosphere

What are the properties of minerals?Hardness – the resistance

of a mineral to being scratched

Luster – shiny of dullReaction to acid – calcite

reacts with HCl acid to produce bubbles and a gas (CO2)

What are all rocks made up of?Minerals

How was a sedimentary rock formed?Weathering & eroded

sediments cemented together

How were Igneous rocks formed?Cooled magma or lava

How does Metamorphic rocks form?Pressure & heat applied to

rock

How are rocks classified?By how they are formed

What are the key words for sedimentary rocks?WeatheringErosionSedimentsCemented

What are the key words for Igneous rocks?Magma LavaMeltingSolidification

What are the key words for Metamorphic rocks?Heat PressureBanding

What do fossils indicate?Found only in sedimentary

rocksUsed to study past

climates & environments

Describe the law of superposition?Oldest rock layers are on

the bottom, youngest rock layers are on top

ILS QuestionRocks are classified as igneous, metamorphic, orsedimentary according to

(1) their color(2) their shape(3) how they formed(4) the minerals they contain

The diagram below shows a rock sample and an identification key.

This rock sample would best be classified as(1) volcanic (3) metamorphic(2) sedimentary (4) igneous

What is weathering?Process that breaks down

rocks & minerals

Give an example of physical weathering.Frost action

Give an example of chemical weathering.Acid rainRust

What is erosion?Process by which rock or

soil is worn away and moved to another place

Transport of sediments

What is the driving force behind erosion?Gravity

What are the agents of erosion?Moving waterWind Glaciers

What are the processes involved in the water cycle?EvaporationCondensationPrecipitationRunoff

ILS QuestionThe diagrams below show a natural process that weathers rock.

Which statement best explains why this process results in weathering?(1) Frozen water acts as a solute.(2) Water expands when it freezes.(3) The mass of water increases when it freezes.(4) Frozen water dissolves most types of rocks.

ILS QuestionThe diagram below shows the water cycle.

Which letter represents the process of evaporation?

(1) A (3) C(2) B (4) D

Weathering and erosion of Earth’s crust are primarily caused by

(1) gravity (2) volcanic activity (3) evaporation(4) sedimentation