AIFS Framework and ASEAN Biocontrol
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Transcript of AIFS Framework and ASEAN Biocontrol
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ASEAN Integrated Food Security (AIFS)
Framework and ASEAN Biocontrol (ABC) for
Sustainable Agrifood Systems
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Table of Contents
I. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................4
II. Food Security Initiatives at global and regional level ......................................................................................5
Global Food Security Initiatives .......................................................................................................................6
Regional Food Security Initiatives ...................................................................................................................7
III. ASEAN and Food Security...............................................................................................................................8
IV. ASEAN Integrated Food Security (AIFS) Framework ..................................................................................10
V. ASEAN Biocontrol (ABC) for Sustainable Agrifood Systems and ASEAN Integrated Food Security
Framework ......................................................................................................................................................12
VI. Process Management ......................................................................................................................................14
Detailed description of activities, and indicators ............................................................................................14
Implementation Timeline and Schedule .........................................................................................................15
Annex I: Appendix 1 COMPONENTS AND STRATEGIC THRUSTS OF ASEAN INTEGRATED FOOD
SECURITY (AIFS) FRAMEWORK .....................................................................................................................16
Conceptual Diagram of ASEAN Integrated Food Security (AIFS) Framework ....................................................18
Annex II: Matrix of Strategic Plan of Action on Food Security in the ASEAN Region (SPA-FS) 2009 - 2013 ...19
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List of Figures and Tables
Figure 1 Number of undernourished people in the world, 1969-71 to 2010 (FAO) .................................................5
Figure 2 Proportion of undernourished people in developing countries, 1969-71 to 2010 (FAO) ..........................5
Figure 3 Regional share of undernourished (1990-2 2006-8) (FAO Statistical Yearbook 2012) .........................8
Figure 4 Impact of high food prices by region (FAO)..............................................................................................9
Figure 5 Timeline showing development of ASEAN initiatives and cooperation in the area of food security .....10
Figure 6 Components and Strategic Thrusts of ASEAN Integrated Food Security (AIFS) Framework ................11
Table 1 Four dimensions of food security ................................................................................................................4
Table 2 Available food supply, minimum dietary energy requirement and food deficit of undernourished
population (kcal/person/day) in ASEAN countries, Average 2006- 2008 (FAOSTAT) ..........................................8
Table 3 Proposed outputs of ASEAN Biocontrol for Sustainable Agrifood Systems (first phase: 2011-2013) ....13
Table 4 Implementation Timeline ..........................................................................................................................15
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I. Introduction
Over the last three decades, the concept of food security has evolved to reflect the shift in policy thinking and the
complexities of the issue. Food security concept was originally introduced in the mid-1970s following the global
oil crisis and related food crisis of 1972-74. The initial focus of the concept was on the volume and stability of
food supplies. Other dimensions of food security were gradually included. The multi-dimensional nature of food
security was echoed in the widely accepted definition adopted at the 1996 World Food Summit and refined in the
State of Food Insecurity 2001:
Food security [is] a situation that exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active
and healthy life.1
This definition reflects four dimensions of food security, of which FAO has described as follows.2
Table 1 Four dimensions of food security
The concept of food security has been revised and broadened over time to respond to the multidimensionality of
food security. Other than food supply and demand at the national level, it also takes into account the aspects of
nutrition, livelihood, and the human right to food at the household and individual level.
1 The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2001 (Rome: FAO, 2002).
2 Food Security, FAO Policy Brief: Issue 2, June 2006, .
Food
Availability
The availability of sufficient quantities of food of appropriate quality, supplied through
domestic production or imports (including food aid).
Food
Accessibility
Access by individuals to adequate resources (entitlements) for acquiring appropriate foods
for a nutritious diet. Entitlements are defined as the set of all commodity bundles over
which a person can establish command given the legal, political, economic and social
arrangements of the community in which they live (including traditional rights such as
access to common resources).
Food
Utilization
Utilization of food through adequate diet, clean water, sanitation and health care to reach a
state of nutritional well-being where all physiological needs are met. This brings out the
importance of non-food inputs in food security.
Food
Stability
To be food secure, a population, household or individual must have access to adequate food
at all times. They should not risk losing access to food as a consequence of sudden shocks
(e.g. an economic or climatic crisis) or cyclical events (e.g. seasonal food insecurity). The
concept of stability can therefore refer to both the availability and access dimensions of
food security.
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II. Food Security Initiatives at global and regional level
Despite an increase in global food production, nearly one billion people in the world still go to bed hungry. In
2010, approximately 925 million people were undernourished3. Figure 1 shows that the number of
undernourished people in 2010 is higher than the level that existed when world leaders agreed to reduce the
number of hungry by half at the World Food Summit in 1996.4 Figure 2 shows that the proportion of the
undernourished in developing countries has been improved from the 1990-92 base period, however, it is still
above the Millennium Development Goal 1 (MDG) target. If it continues at this pace, achieving the goal of
reducing poverty and hunger by 2015 as outlined in the Millennium Development Goals will be a great
challenge.
A sharp rise in the prices of food commodities over 2007 2008 and the global economic and financial crisis drove millions of vulnerable people around the world into hunger and poverty. According to FAO, the number of
undernourished people has increased by 75 million as an impact of high food prices.5 The 2011 FAO Food Price
Index averaged 228 points, which was higher than its maximum value during the food price crisis of 2007-2008.6
In OECD FAO Agricultural Outlook 2011 2020, it is predicted that agricultural commodity prices will remain high and volatile for the next decade.
The food price crisis and its impact have put food security back on the global agenda as an immediate and future
priority issue. Consequently, a large number of global and regional food security initiatives are introduced or
strengthened. Key global and regional food security initiatives are summarized as follows.
3 925 million in chronic hunger worldwide, FAO Media Centre , 14 September 2010,
. 4 Global hunger declining, but still unacceptably high, FAO Economic and Social Development Department, September 2010, . 5 Briefing paper: Hunger on the rise, 17 September 2008, FAO,
. 6 FAO Food Price Index, World Food Situation, .
Figure 1 Number of undernourished people in the world,
1969-71 to 2010 (FAO)
Figure 2 Proportion of undernourished people in
developing countries, 1969-71 to 2010 (FAO)
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Global Food Security Initiatives
1) The United Nations High-Level Task Force on the Global Food Security Crisis (HLTF)
Established by the United Nations Chief Executive Board in April 2008 under the leadership of the UN
Secretary-General, the Task Force consists of heads of UN Specialized agencies, the World Bank, the
International Monetary Fund, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the World
Trade Organization. The main objective of the Task Force is to promote a comprehensive and unified response
to the challenge of achieving global food security, including by facilitating the creation of a prioritized plan of
action and coordinating its implementation.7 In July 2008, the Comprehensive Framework for Action (CFA) was
developed. The CFA included recommendations of short and long-term actions for governments, international
and regional organizations, and civil society to take in order to improve food and nutrition security. The Updated
CFA (UCFA) was released in September 2010.
2) Committee on World Food Security (CFS)
CFS was established upon recommendation from the 1974 World Food Conference as a response to the food
crisis of the 1970s. CFS is an intergovernmental forum in the United Nations System for reviewing and
following up on policies regarding global food security. During 2009, the CFS members agreed to a reform to
make it more effective by including a broader group of stakeholders and increasing its ability to ensure food
security and nutrition for all. The process to create Global Strategic Framework for Food Security and Nutrition
(GSF) was launched in 2010. The GSF offers guidelines and recommendations for catalyzing coherent action at
the global, regional and country levels by the full range of stakeholders, while emphasizing the primary
responsibility of governments and the central role of country ownership of programs to combat food insecurity
and malnutrition.8
3) LAquila Food Security Initiative (AFSI)
The LAquila Food Security Initiative was endorsed at the 2009 G8 Summit in LAquila in July by 26 nations and 14 international organizations. They pledged to mobilize US$20 billion over three years in support for
sustainable agriculture development and safety nets for vulnerable populations and agreed on a comprehensive
and coordinated approached, partnering with countries facing dramatic food insecurity to help implement their
national food security strategies.
4) Global Agricultural and Food Security Program (GAFSP)
GAFSP was launched in April 2010 responding to the request made at the 2009 G20 Summit in Pittsburgh to
support the implementation of the new multi-donor trust fund pledged at LAquila G8 Summit in July 2009. It is
a financing mechanism which allows the additional funding to public and private sector to support national and
regional strategic plans for agriculture and food security in low-income countries. GAFSP stresses country
ownership, technical peer reviews, civil society participation, private sector partnerships, and independent
impact evaluations.9 The current total pledged amount is about US$1.2 billion, of which US$752.4 has been
received to date.10
The financial contributions have been provided by Australia, the Bill & Melinda Gates
Foundation, Canada, Ireland, the Netherlands, South Korea, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States.
7 The Global Food Security Crisis, Background Information The Secretary Generals High Level Task Force on the Global
Food Security Crisis, . 8 Global Strategic Framework for Food Security and Nutrition, Committee on World Food Security, , 5. 9 Global Agriculture and Food Security Program Annual Report 2011 (Washington: GAFSP, 2011).
10 Funding: GAFSP, .
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Regional Food Security Initiatives
1) ASEAN Integrated Food Security (AIFS) Framework and Strategic Plan of Action for Food Security
(SPA-FS)
The AIFS Framework is ASEAN response to the food price crisis of 2008 and the need for an integrated and
innovative approach and multi-stakeholder efforts towards long-term food security. AIFS Framework and SPA-
FS was adopted at the 14th ASEAN Summit in 2009 with the goal to ensure long-term food security and to
improve the livelihoods of farmers in the ASEAN region. The Framework comprises of four components: 1.
Food security and emergency/shortage relief; 2. Sustainable food trade development; 3. Integrated food security
information system, 4. Agricultural innovation. AIFS Framework is supported by the Strategic Plan of Action
which covers a five-year period of 2009-2013.
2) APEC Action Plan on Food Security
The APEC Action Plan on Food Security was endorsed at the 2010 Ministerial Meeting on Food Security in
Niigata, Japan. The Member Economies agreed to pursue the shared goals of (i) sustainable development of the
agricultural sector, and (ii) facilitation of investment, trade and markets.11
The Action Plan, also known as
Niigata Action Plan on Food Security, identifies specific activities to be implemented by APEC Economies to
achieve the shared goals and to strengthen regional food security. The progress and success of the Action Plan
are reported by each Member Economies on the Asia-Pacific Food Security Information Platform (www.apip-
apec.com).
3) ASEAN Plus Three Comprehensive Strategy on Food Security and Bio-energy Development (APTCS-
FSBD) and the Strategic Plan of Action on Food and Energy Security (SPA-FES) 2010-2013
The APTCS-FSBD Framework was endorsed at the 11th Meeting of the AMAF plus Three in October 2011. The
goal of the Framework and its Strategic Plan of Action is to foster multi-sectoral cooperation among the ASEAN
Plus Three Countries in ensuring long-term food security and bio-energy development.12
This Comprehensive
Strategy shall strengthen and coordinate existing initiatives e.g., ASEAN Integrated Food Security (AIFS)
Framework, the ongoing development of ASEAN Plus Three Emergency Rice Reserve (APTERR), the ASEAN
Food Security Information System (AFSIS). The APTCS-FSBD Framework and its supporting Strategic Plan of
Action on Food and Energy Security (SPA-FES) covers a three-year period of 2010-2013.
11
APEC Action Plan on Food Security, . 12 ASEAN Plus Three Comprehensive Strategy on Food Security and Bio-energy Development (APTCS-FSBD) and the Strategic Plan of Action on Food and Energy Security (SPA-FES) 2010-2013, .
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III. ASEAN and Food Security
Food production in the countries of Southeast Asia has shown an upward trend during the past decade.
Currently, ASEAN countries are major exporters of many agricultural and food products. In all ASEAN
countries, available daily calorie supply is adequate to meet minimum dietary energy requirements as shown in
Table 2 implying that enough food has been produced for domestic consumption. From the aspect of food
availability, ASEAN population could be considered food secure. However, in terms of food accessibility,
certain groups of people in the ASEAN region have difficulties in accessing sufficient, safe and nutritious food.
In most cases, it is those who produce food are the most food insecure. About 14% of the total population in
Southeast Asia is undernourished.13
Country Name
Food Supply
(kcal/person/day)
(Average 2006-2008)
Minimum Dietary Energy
Requirement
(kcal/person/day) (Average
2006-2008)
Average food deficit of
undernourished
population
(kcal/person/day)
Brunei Darussalam 3049.667 1890 130
Cambodia 2363.667 1760 250
Indonesia 2555 1820 220
Lao PDR 2291 1700 260
Malaysia 2862.333 1820 130
Myanmar 2460 1800 -
Philippines 2572 1760 240
Thailand 2861.333 1850 240
Vietnam 2615 1820 240
Table 2 Available food supply, minimum dietary energy requirement and food deficit of undernourished population
(kcal/person/day) in ASEAN countries, Average 2006- 2008 (FAOSTAT)
The average food deficit of undernourishment population in
Table 2 reveals the intensity of food deprivation which
indicates how much the undernourished falls short, on
average, of minimum food requirements in terms of dietary
energy. The intensity of food deprivation is low when it is less
than 200 kilocalories per person per day and high when it is
higher than 300 kilocalories per person per day.14
The undernourished have limited resources to secure physical
and economic access to food for their active and healthy lives.
Hunger can be caused by poverty, natural disasters, war, poor
agricultural infrastructure, over-exploitation of environment,
and recently financial and economic crises. Poverty is often
13
Prevalence of undernourishment in total population, FAO, . 14
FAOSTAT
Figure 3 Regional share of undernourished (1990-2 2006-8) (FAO Statistical Yearbook 2012)
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regarded as the major obstacle to achieving food security, particularly at the household level.
Whereas food is abundance in Southeast Asia, the prevalence of undernourishment in many countries in the
region is moderately high.
Though the prevalence of undernourishment is falling globally
as displayed comparatively by regions in Figure 3, it remains
fairly high considering the efforts put by international
community since the turn of the 21st Century in order to
reduce global poverty and hunger. Rising food prices of 2007
- 2008 and the financial and economic crisis of 2008-2009 are
some of the causes that slowed the progress towards poverty
and hunger reduction and the achievement of UN Millennium
Development Goal. According to FAO, The high food prices
in 2007-2008 caused additional 41 million people in Asia-
Pacific region to become undernourished.
Country name Total population
(million)
Number of
undernourished
persons (million)
Prevalence of
undernourishment
(%)
Global Hunger
Index 2011
Cambodia 14.3 3.6 25% 19.9
Indonesia 224.7 29.7 13% 12.2
Lao PDR 6.1 1.4 22% 20.2
Malaysia 26.6 NS
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ASEAN Emergency Rice Reserve (AERR). ASEAN engagement on food security has been adjusted through
time responding to the evolving context of global food security. Further initiatives and cooperation on food
security guided by the 1979 Agreement, the Vientiane Action Programme (2004 2010) and the ASEAN Socio-
Cultural Community Blueprint, to name a few, have been pursued by ASEAN Member States.
Figure 5 Timeline showing development of ASEAN initiatives and cooperation in the area of food security
IV. ASEAN Integrated Food Security (AIFS) Framework
ASEAN Integrated Food Security (AIFS) Framework and Strategic Plan of Action on Food Security (SPA-FS)
in the ASEAN region were adopted at the 14th ASEAN Summit in February 2009, where leaders pledged to
embrace food security as a matter of permanent and high priority policy. The AIFS Framework is a response to
the rapid rise of food prices, accessibility to staple food among the poor, high cost of agricultural
inputs/production, fuel-food-financial crisis, impacts of climate change, and the need for an integrated and
innovative approach and multi-stakeholder efforts towards long-term food security and mainstreaming food
security in ASEAN Community building process. The AIFS Framework aims to ensure long-term food security
and to improve the livelihoods of farmers in the ASEAN region.
AMS signed the
Agreement on ASEAN
Food Security Reserve
and agreed to
establish the ASEAN
Emergency Rice
Reserve (AERR)
The establishment of ASEAN Food
Security Information Systems
(AFSIS) approved by AMAF+3
covering the period of 2003-2007
Vientiane Action
Programme
(2004-2010)
adopted at 10th
ASEAN Summit
2nd
phase of AFSIS
endorsed by AMAF+3
covering the period
of 2008-2012
ASEAN Integrated Food
Security (AIFS) Framework
and Strategic Plan of
Action on Food Security
(SPA-FS) 2009-2013
adopted
ASEAN Multi-Sectoral Framework on Climate Change: Agriculture
and Forestry towards Food Security (AFCC) adopted
AMAF+3 formalized
ASEAN Plus Three
Emergency Rice
Reserve (APTERR)
Proposal for Post-2012 ASEAN Food Security Information System endorsed
AMAF+3 endorsed ASEAN Plus Three Comprehensive Strategy on Food Security and Bio-energy Development (APTCS-FSBD) and the Strategic Plan of Action on Food and Energy Security (SPA-FES) 2010-2013
1979 2004 2002
2009 2012 2011 2007 2010
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ASEAN Integrated Food Security Framework comprises of four Components and supported by six
corresponding Strategic Thrusts as shown in the below diagram.
Figure 6 Components and Strategic Thrusts of ASEAN Integrated Food Security (AIFS) Framework
The AIFS Framework and the SPA-FS covers the period of five years from 2009 to 2013. ASEAN Ministers on
Agriculture and Forestry (AMAF) in coordination with other relevant ASEAN Sectoral Bodies is accountable for
the overall implementation and monitoring. Relevant ASEAN Sectoral Working Groups under AMAF are tasked
to elaborate details and arrangement of the implementation of SPA-FS on areas of their competence as outlined
in the Matrix of SPA-FS (Please see Annex II).
Aiming towards effective implementation of the AIFS Framework and the SPA-FS, ASEAN embraced the
partnership and cooperation with regional Dialogue Partners and International Organizations and donor agencies.
Implementation progress shall be monitored, reviewed and reported to relevant stakeholders annually. The
ASEAN Secretariat shall review and monitor compliance of such implementation. The AIFS Framework and the
SPA-FS shall be reviewed periodically considering dynamic regional and global developments and evaluated
after the end of a five-year period in 2013.
Progress has been made on the implementation of ASEAN Integrated Food Security (AIFS) Framework and the
Strategic Plan of Action on Food Security (SPA-FS) to ensure long-term food security and to improve the
livelihoods of farmers in the ASEAN region. ASEAN has commenced and strengthened partnership and
cooperation with Dialogue Partners, International Organizations and development agencies to support the
implementation of AIFS Framework and the SPA-FS. Some of the key ASEAN initiatives and cooperation
supporting four Components of AIFS Framework are listed below.
Component 1: Food Security Emergency/Shortage Relief
- ASEAN Plus Three Emergency Rice Reserve (APTERR)
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Component 2: Sustainable Food Trade Development
- ASEAN Rice Trade Forum
Component 3: Integrated Food Security Information System
- ASEAN Food Security Information Systems
Component 4: Agri-Innovation
- ASEAN Multi-Sectoral Framework on Climate Change: Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry towards
Food Security (AFCC)
- ASEAN Plus Three Comprehensive Strategy on Food Security and Bio-energy Development (APTCS-
FSBD)
- ASEAN German Programme on Response to Climate Change: Agriculture, Forestry and Related
Sectors (GAP-CC)
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)s Rice Action Plan
V. ASEAN Biocontrol (ABC) for Sustainable Agrifood Systems and ASEAN Integrated Food Security Framework
ASEAN Biocontrol for Sustainable Agrifood Systems is part of the ASEAN-German Programme on Response to
Climate Change: Agriculture, Forestry and Related Sectors (GAP-CC). This project is being executed by
ASEAN Secretariat and ASEAN Member States. It is commissioned by the German Federal Ministry for
Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and being implemented by German International Cooperation
(GIZ) and is hosted by the Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives in Thailand.
The project aims to support ASEAN to develop regionally coordinated policies and strategies addressing
sustainable agriculture and food production. The first phase covers the period of three years from 2011 2013
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with the overall objective to strengthen sustainable Agrifood Systems through the use of biocontrol agents
(BCA). The project activities focus on three components: harmonization, promotion of BCA and sustainable
Agrifood Systems and capacity development. The proposed outputs of each component are:
I Harmonization II Promotion of BCA and
Sustainable Agrifood Systems III Capacity Development
ASEAN Guidelines and Regulatory
Framework on the use of BCA and
other sustainable approaches in
agriculture
Record of regional & national
conferences on the application of BCA
and sustainable crop management
practices on sustainable Agrifood
system in ASEAN
Technical expert groups formed
and trained that discuss technical
issues related to sustainable
agrifood systems and elaborate
policy recommendations
Biocontrol Database Increased awareness of farmers,
government officials to promote the
application of BCA and sustainable
crop management practices on
sustainable Agrifood system, through
media and PR campaigns
Models for sustainable agrifood
systems implemented in
collaboration with private sector,
NGOs, development projects and
technical advisory services
Expert Groups at regional and
national levels
Common strategy on Sustainable
Agrifood Systems
Trained farmers on sustainable
crop management practices,
including application of BCA in
the above models
Table 4 Proposed outputs of ASEAN Biocontrol for Sustainable Agrifood Systems (first phase: 2011-2013)
ASEAN Biocontrol project objectives and activities shall also support the implementation ASEAN Integrated
Food Security Framework, particularly the Strategic Thrust 4: Promote sustainable food production.
Food security is a long-standing agenda for ASEAN as the leaders at the 14th ASEAN Summit in March 2009
pledged to embrace food security as a matter of permanent and high priority policy. As ASEAN has committed
to establish ASEAN Community by 2015, ensuring food security is one of the fundamental goals in ASEAN
Community building process as regarded in both ASEAN Economic Community Blueprint and ASEAN Socio-
Cultural Community Blueprint.
To better promote the implementation progress of ASEAN Integrated Food Security Framework in ASEAN
Member States, it is important that policy makers and implementation officers have a well understanding of
AIFS Framework. ASEAN Biocontrol project proposed to support the dissemination of information on the AIFS
Framework in local languages in order to reach the audience more effectively and to further support the
integration of listed activities in the Strategic Plan of Action on Food Security (SPA-FS) into national action
plans of Member Countries emphasizing on Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, and Vietnam (CLMV countries).
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VI. Process Management
Detailed description of activities, and indicators
Result: ASEAN Integrated Food Security (AIFS) Framework is implemented in CLMV countries
Indicators: ASEAN Integrated Food Security Framework is translated up to 4 local languages in CLMV
countries; at least 5 of 34 listed activities in the Strategic Plan of Action on Food Security (SPA-FS) are regarded
in the national action plans.
Activity 1.1 Support the translation of AIFS Framework into local languages of CLMV countries
Description:
- Identify in CLMV countries suitable public partners responsible for the translation of AIFS Framework into
the local languages
- Organize a road show in CLMV countries to facilitate the translation of AIFS Framework into the local
languages
- Identify translators of the AIFS Framework and make available a draft translation of AIFS Framework
- Organize a workshop in CLMV countries to finalize a draft translation of AIFS Framework for
stakeholder/public consultation
- Follow up on the implementation of AIFS Framework that the official translation of AIFS Framework is
available
Activity 1.2 Support the integration of at least 5 out of 34 listed activities in the SPA-FS into national action
plans of CLMV countries
Description:
- Identify in CLMV countries suitable public partners responsible for providing inputs to the national action
plans on food security
- Organize a road show in CLMV countries to facilitate the integration of at least 5 out of 34 listed activities
in SPA-FS into national action plans
- Organize a workshop in CLMV countries to regard at least 5 out of 34 listed activities in SPA-FS into
national action plans
- Follow up on the implementation of AIFS Framework that at least 5 activities are regarded in the national
action plans
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Implementation Timeline and Schedule
Table 5 Implementation Timeline
Implementation Timeline 2012 2013
J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D
ASEAN Integrated Food Security (AIFS) Framework is implemented in CLMV countries
Activity 1.1 Support the translation of AIFS Framework into local languages
- Identify suitable public partners for the translation of AIFS Framework
- Organize a road show to facilitate the translation of AIFS Framework
- Identify translators of the AIFS Framework and make available a draft translation
- Draft translation is sent out to relevant bodies (working group)
- Organize a workshop to finalize a draft translation for stakeholder/ public
consultation
- Follow up: AIFS Framework translated and available
Activity 1.2 Support the integration of at least 5 out of 34 listed activities in the SPA-FS into national action plans
- Identify suitable public partners for providing inputs to the national action
plans on food security
- Organize a road show to facilitate the integration of at least 5 activities into
national action plans
- Organize a workshop to regard at least 5 activities into national action plans
- Follow up: at least 5 activities are regarded in the national action plans
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Annex I: Appendix 1 COMPONENTS AND STRATEGIC THRUSTS OF ASEAN
INTEGRATED FOOD SECURITY (AIFS) FRAMEWORK
To achieve the goal in ensuring long-term food security in the ASEAN region, an ASEAN Integrated Food
Security (AIFS) Framework provides scope and joint pragmatic approaches for cooperation among ASEAN
Member States. The AIFS Framework comprises four components, which are distinctive but inter-related in
nature. The four components are Component 1: Food Security and Emergency/ Shortage Relief; Component
2: Sustainable Food Trade Development; Component 3: Integrated Food Security Information System; and
Component 4: Agricultural Innovation. The AIFS Frameworks Components are supported by six corresponding Strategic Thrusts, which appears in the Figure 1.
Figure 1: Components and Strategic Thrusts of ASEAN Integrated Food Security (AIFS) Framework
Component 1: Food Security and Emergency/Shortage Relief The component aims at establishing a long-term mechanism for ASEAN Plus Three Emergency Rice Reserve. The component focuses on
strengthening national food security programmes/ initiatives, and development of a regional effective and
timely mechanism for supply of rice as food aid for emergency relief (food aid or grant) and/ or under
unusual market situation (grant or loan agreement). This core component is considered as the fundamental
part of the AIFS Framework.
Component 2: Sustainable Food Trade Development The component aims at developing a buffer mechanism to support fair/balanced food trade within the acceptable levels of food prices. The component
helps ensuring that due consideration is given to balancing domestic accessibility to food, intra and extra
regional food trade. Agreed criteria and conditions (i.e. high speculative food commodities such as rice,
cooking oil, sugar and maize) for the application apply. The experience drawn from the implementation of
EAERR project, particularly the application of TIER 1 and TIER 2 could be considered as a basis to
develop such a buffer mechanism.
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Component 3: Integrated Food Security Information System The component aims at fast-tracking the current AFSIS project under an AMAF PLUS THREE initiative by establishing an information network on
food security among the Plus Three Countries to provide a sound and timely information on outlook and
surveillance report for food security policy planning, implementation and monitoring. In addition, other
elements include Early Warning Information System, Mutual Technical Cooperation and Preparation of
Commodity Outlook Reports. Provision and submission of timely and reliable data and information by all
countries concerned is considered a critical element for effective operation of this component. This will
enable the Integrated Food Security Information System to provide a basis for a regular monitoring and
surveillance system to the making of sound development planning and policy decision to address food
security and also the soaring food prices.
Component 4: Agricultural Innovation The component is a long-term plan aiming at formulating and implementing a regional comprehensive R&D plan, through public and private sector partnership, to
promote efficient and sustainable food production, food consumption, post-harvest practices & loss
reduction, marketing and trade. R&D areas, through priority setting, may include strengthening and
expanding agriculture cooperatives and farmers organisations, agri-business entrepreneurship particularly SMEs, intra-regional contract farming, etc. In addition, other supporting activities include building upon the
ASEAN Good Agriculture Practices (GAP), targeting at promoting sustainable agricultural practices with
due consideration on environmental concern. In this context, GAP could be used as a market tool adding
value to food and agriculture products, which in return could support sustainable food production and trade.
The key roles of the governments are to encourage success models, support R&D, technology transfer and
capacity building, and develop GAP certification scheme and its accreditation system.
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Conceptual Diagram of ASEAN Integrated Food Security (AIFS) Framework
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Annex II: Matrix of Strategic Plan of Action on Food Security in the ASEAN Region (SPA-FS) 2009 - 2013
Strategic Thrust 1: Strengthen food security arrangements.
Action Programme Activities Sub-activities Responsible
Bodies
Work
Schedule
1.1 Strengthen national food security
programmes/activities.
1.1.1 Promote diversification of food sources
and scale up community-based food security
initiatives.
1.1.1.1 Develop varieties of starch based
commodities such as yam, taro, cassava, etc.
1.1.1.2 Establish pilot projects on micro
enterprise in producing non rice flour products
and its derivatives products.
ASWGC
ACEDAC/
ASWGAC
2009-2013
1.1.2 Support capacity building to strengthen
national food security programmes, including
management of national food stockpiles,
planning of potential land use for agriculture,
and technical support for preparing national
food balance sheet.
1.1.2.1 Conduct training on food reserve
management for relevant stakeholders.
AMSs
AFSRB
2009-2013
1.1.3 Promoting exchange of information and
experiences among ASEAN Member States
through networking and regional consultations
in formulation and implementation of national
food security programmes/activities.
1.1.3.1 Review policy options and analyze
impacts on food security in the region.
1.1.3.2 Establish regional for among experts
to exchange view and experience in the
implementation of national food security
programmes/activities
AFSRB
AFSRB
EAERR pilot
project
2009-2013
1.1.4 Enhance food assistance programme for
the targeted vulnerable groups.
1.1.4.1 Identify the target vulnerable groups
of food security and mapping of food
insecurity in the region
AMSs 2009-2013
1.2 Develop regional food security
reserve initiatives and mechanisms.
1.2.1 Reinforce the ASEAN Food Security
Reserve Board (AFSRB) and its secretariat in
compilation, management and dissemination
of statistics and information on food and food
security as a basis for effective planning of
food production and trade within the region.
1.2.1.1 Establish and review stock release
mechanism on rice, maize, sugar and soybean.
1.2.1.2 Explore possibility of developing
guidelines for exchanging of food
commodities in terms of counter trade to
secure food requirements among the member
AFSRB
AFSRB
EAERR pilot
project
2009-2013
-
20
countries in case of emergency and/or food
insufficiency.
1.2.2 Support the establishment of a long-term
mechanism for ASEAN Plus Three
emergency rice reserve.
1.2.2.1 Support the extension of the East Asia
Emergency Rice Reserve (EAERR) pilot
project until a long-term mechanism be
established.
1.2.2.2 Explore the possibility to establish a
long-term mechanism for ASEAN Plus Three
Emergency Rice Reserve (APTERR)
Project
Steering
Committee of
EAERR Pilot
Project
SOM-AMAF
EAERR Pilot
Project
SOM-AMAF
2009-2010
1.2.3 Conduct study on the possibility of
establishing an ASEAN Fund for Food
Security.
1.2.3.1 Explore possibility of establishing an
ASEAN Fund for Food Security and identify
potential financial sources.
ATFFS
SOM-AMAF
2009-2010
Strategic Thrust 2: Promote conducive food market and trade.
Action Programme Activities Sub-activities Responsible
Bodies
Work
Schedule
2.1 Promote initiatives supporting
sustainable food trade.
2.1.1 Full compliance and implementation of
the ASEAN Trade in Goods Agreement
(ATIGA) provisions with respect to trade in
food products.
2.1.1.1 Monitor the compliance and
implementation of ATIGA.
SOM-AMAF
SEOM
2009-2013
2.1.2 Review and analyze international/
regional trade information, including prices,
quantities traded, distribution and logistics.
2.1.2.1 To conduct review and analysis of
international/regional trade information and
publish the results in AFSIS website.
SEOM
AFSRB
AFSIS project
2009-2013
Strategic Thrust 3: Strengthen integrated food security information systems to effectively forecast, plan and monitor supplies and utilization for basic food
commodities.
Action Programme Activities Sub-activities Responsible
Bodies
Work
Schedule
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21
3.1 Reinforce the ASEAN Food
Security Information System (AFSIS)
project towards a long-term mechanism.
3.1.1 Conduct a food security assessment and
identify underlying causes of food insecurity.
3.1.1.1 Analyze the state of food security and
recommend alternative solutions.
AFSIS project 2009-2013
3.1.2 Collect and periodically update
information on supply and demand/ utilization
for main food commodities such as rice, corn,
soybean, cassava and sugar, and maintain
food security related baseline data for each
Member State in a regional database.
3.1.2.1 Publish periodic outlook report of
commodity based on Member States situation and international trend of trade, price and
stock.
3.1.2.2 Regularly update national food
security data into AFSIS database.
AFSIS project
AFSIS project
2009-2013
3.1.3 Develop an early warning, monitoring
and surveillance information system as a basis
for sound development planning and policy
decision to address food security, including
sharp rise of food prices.
3.1.3.1 Publish periodic early warning
information report.
AFSIS project 2009-2013
Strategic Thrust 4: Promote sustainable food production.
Action Programme Activities Sub-activities Responsible
Bodies
Work
Schedule
4.1 Improve agricultural infrastructure
development to secure production
system, minimize post-harvest losses,
and reduce transaction cost
4.1.1 Promote the development of supply
chain system in Member States through
establishing demonstrated models and sharing
knowledge
4.1.1.1 Conduct seminar and workshops to
build capacity on the efficient supply chain
management.
ASWGFi
ASWGC
ASWGL
2009-2013
4.1.2 Conduct feasibility study on
development of potential land and irrigation in
the Member States for food production.
4.1.2.1 Study on irrigation systems, which are
appropriate for different conditions in the
region.
4.1.2.2 Explore the possibility of private
sector to invest on constructing irrigation
infrastructure.
4.1.2.3 Conduct workshop/ seminar to
exchange information on crop zoning.
ASWGC
SOM-AMAF
SOM-AMAF
ASWGC
2009-2013
4.1.3 Encourage initiatives/ supporting
systems for greater access to agricultural
4.1.3.1 Conduct workshops/ consultation to
develop strategies and initiatives to promote
ASWGC 2009-2013
-
22
inputs, particularly crops seeds, animal
breeds, agro-chemicals, and irrigation
facilities for food production in potential areas
of the region.
greater access to agricultural inputs.
4.2 Efficient utilization of resource potential for agricultural
development
4.2.1 Promote the optimization of utilization
of land and other natural resources for food
production.
4.2.1.1 Develop and share experiences on best
practices for land use planning and
optimization for regional and transnational
planning purposes.
4.2.1.2 Develop and share experiences on best
practices and technologies for sustainable
integrated water resources management.
4.2.1.3 Share experience on the effectiveness
of using existing irrigation schemes for food
production.
SOM-AMAF
ASWGC
ASWGC
4.2.2 Promote public and private sector
partnership to promote efficient and
sustainable food production, food
consumption, post-harvest practices and loss
reduction, marketing and trade.
4.2.2.1 Promote investing mechanized post-
production facilities e.g. drying facilities,
improved storage facilities, transportation
facilities, and other basic processing
equipment.
4.2.2.2 Conduct seminars/ workshops/
exchange visits to explore the possibility
of implementing public and private
sector partnership schemes such as the
Food Production Cluster Development
Concept (public and private sector
partnership that covers the whole supply
chain), the Permanent Food Production
Zone, etc.
4.2.2.3 Exchange information and experiences
on successes in the implementation of contract
farming.
ASWGFi
ASWGC
ASWGL
ASWGFi
ASWGC
ASWGL
ASWGFi
ASWGC
ASWGL
4.2.3 Promote adoption and implementation 4.2.3.1 Establish/ strengthen national AMSs
-
23
of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) in the
ASEAN region.
programmes on GAP.
4.2.3.2 Prepare guidelines for ASEAN
GAP for rice, maize, soybean, sugarcane and
cassava, and manual for product certification.
4.2.3.3 Undertake effective information
dissemination on ASEAN Good
Agricultural Practices (GAP) among the
Member States, e.g. translation of GAP
guidelines into national languages,
developing awareness and promotional
materials, through extension services,
etc.
ASWGC
ASWGFi
ASWGL
ASWGFi
ASWGC
ASWGL
AWGATE
4.3 Promote agricultural innovation including research and development
on improving productivity and
agricultural production
4.3.1 Support initiatives to minimize
postharvest losses of main food products.
4.3.1.1 Study the post-harvest losses incurred
in each of the priority commodities and the
factors causing their losses.
4.3.1.2 Conduct R&D on measures to reduce
the losses identified and compile handbook on
recommended measures.
4.3.1.3 Develop government incentives to
encourage minimal post-harvest loss at
different stages of the supply chain.
ASWGC
ASWGFi
ASWGL
ASWGFi
ASWGC
ASWGL
ASWGFi
ASWGC
ASWGL
2009-2013
4.3.2 Promote research to improve
agricultural productivity and production.
4.3.2.1 Study/ analyze priority research
areas for improving agricultural productivity
and production
4.3.2.2 Conduct joint research among the
Member States and other organizations on
agricultural innovation aiming to improve
agricultural productivity and production.
ATWGARD
ASWGFi
ASWGC
ASWGL
ATWGARD
ASWGFi
ASWGC
ASWGL
2009-2013
4.3.3 Promote alternative approaches and
practices for sustainable food security.
4.3.3.1 Develop and exchange experiences in
integrated/ multiple farming systems.
ASWGFi
ASWGC
ASWGL
2009-2013
-
24
4.3.4 Collaborate to implement IRRIs Rice Action Plan.
4.3.4.1 Implement technologies developed by
IRRI, e.g. better crop management practice.
4.3.4.2 Test the new rice varieties developed
by IRRI.
4.3.4.3 Train young scientists and researchers
at IRRI.
SOM-AMAF
AMSs
2009-2013
4.4 Promote closer collaboration to accelerate transfer and adoption of
new technologies
4.4.1 Promote the adoption of new
technologies.
4.4.1.1 Conduct collaborative training and
workshops to adopt new/ improved
technology in agricultural production, post-
harvest and processing activities.
ATWGARD
ASWGFi
ASWGC
ASWGL
AWGATE
2009-2013
4.4.2 Promote collaborative research and
technology transfer in agricultural products.
4.4.2.1 Exchange of experiences in genetic
resources management on crops.
4.4.2.2. Conduct collaborative research
on developing products from underutilized
products
AWGATE
ASWGC
ASWGFi
ASWGL2009-
2013
ASWGC
ASWGFi
ASWGL
2009-2013
4.4.3 Strengthen regional networks of
agricultural research and development.
4.4.3.1 Conduct regular meetings and
exchange of experts on agricultural
R&D.
ASWGFi
ASWGC
ASWGL
AWGATE
2009-2013
4.4.4 Support initiatives to promote greater
access to land and water resource, agricultural
inputs and capital, particularly among small-
scale farmers to support food production.
4.4.4.1 Exchange information on the best
practices for strengthening small-scale
farmers access to land and water resource, agricultural inputs and capital.
ASWGC
ACEDAC/
ASWGAC
2009-2013
4.4.5 Strengthen development of agricultural
cooperatives and farmers' organizations to
enhance their resilience.
4.4.5.1 Intensify meetings and exchange of
visits amongst farmer associations
/communities.
AWGATE
ASWGFi
ASWGC
ASWGL
ACEDAC/
ASWGAC
2009-2013
Strategic Thrust 5: Encourage greater investment in food and agro-based industry to enhance food security.
-
25
Action Programme Activities Sub-activities Responsible
Bodies
Work
Schedule
5.1 Promote food and agro-based
industry development.
5.1.1 Encourage greater investment in food
and agro-based industry.
5.1.1.1 Identify needs and priority areas for
investment in food and agro-based industry.
5.1.1.2 Provide incentive schemes to
encourage private sector investment, e.g.
contract farming.
5.1.1.3 Facilitate intra-ASEAN investment to
secure food supply.
AMSs 2009-2013
5.1.2 Strengthen capacity building for
adoption of international standards for food
safety and quality assurance and certification
systems.
5.1.2.1 Provide technical assistance in food
safety standards to government officials, food
industries or other relevant stakeholders.
5.1.2.2 Provide technical assistance to obtain
international food safety laboratories
accreditation.
ACCFS
ACCSQ
AEGFS
ATFC
ASWGC
ASWGFi
ASWGL
2009-2013
Strategic Thrust 6: Identify and address emerging issues related to food security.
Action Programme Activities Sub-activities Responsible
Bodies
Work
Schedule
6.1 Address the development of bio-
fuels with consideration on food
security.
6.1.1 Review status and trend of bio-fuels
development in the region and potential
impacts on food security
6.1.1.1 Study on socio-economic impacts of
bio-fuels production on food security.
SOM-AMAF 2009-2013
6.1.2 Develop collaboration with other
Sectoral Bodies, which handle the
development of bio-fuels.
6.1.2.1 Monitor the progress of bio-fuel
research and development.
SOM-AMAF
SOME
2009-2013
6.2 Address impacts of climate change
on food security.
6.2.1 Conduct study to identify possible
impacts of climate change on food security.
6.2.1.1 Establish ASEAN Forum on Climate
Change
SOM-AMAF
ASOF
Indonesia as
lead country
2009-2013
6.2.2 Identify measures to mitigate/adapt to
impacts of climate change on food security.
6.2.2.1 Establish ASEAN Networking on
Agricultural Vulnerability to Exceptional
Climate
SOM-AMAF
Indonesia as
lead country
2009-2013
6.2.3 Develop collaboration with other 6.2.3.1 Monitor the progress of impact SOM-AMAF 2009-2013
-
26
Sectoral Bodies, which address impact
mitigation and adaptation of climate change.
mitigation and adaptation of climate change. SOME
Notation
ACCFS ASEAN Coordinating Committee on Food Safety
ACCSQ ASEAN Consultative Committee on Standards & Quality
ACEDAC/ASWGAC ASEAN Centre for the Development of Agricultural Cooperatives/ ASEAN Sectoral Working Group on Agricultural Cooperatives
AEGFS ASEAN Experts Group on Food Safety
AFSIS ASEAN Food Security Information System project
AFSRB ASEAN Food Security Reserve Board
ASWGFi ASEAN Sectoral Working Group on Fisheries
ASWGL ASEAN Sectoral Working Group on Livestock
ATFC ASEAN Task Force on CODEX
ATFFS Ad-Hoc ASEAN Task Force on Food Security
ATWGARD ASEAN Technical Working Group on Agricultural Research and Development
AWGATE ASEAN Sectoral Working Group on Agricultural Training and Extension
EAERR East Asia Emergency Rice Reserve
IRRI International Rice Research Institute
SEOM Senior Economic Officials Meeting
SOM-AMAF Senior Officials Meeting of the ASEAN Ministers on Agriculture and Forestry