AHSGE/EQT REVIEW AHSGE/EQT REVIEW

BiologyBiology

Coach Goodwin Coach Goodwin (Blount High School)(Blount High School)

20102010

1.11.1

Which piece of equipment can BEST measure Which piece of equipment can BEST measure the volume of ink in a pen?the volume of ink in a pen?

A. 10 mL beakerA. 10 mL beaker

B. 10 mL graduated cylinderB. 10 mL graduated cylinder

C. 100 mL beakerC. 100 mL beaker

D. 100 mL graduated cylinderD. 100 mL graduated cylinder

1.21.2

Students are repeating Louis Pasteur’s Students are repeating Louis Pasteur’s experiment in which he boiled broth over a experiment in which he boiled broth over a flame to test his hypothesis related to flame to test his hypothesis related to spontaneous generation. Which piece of lab spontaneous generation. Which piece of lab equipment should be selected for boiling the equipment should be selected for boiling the broth?broth?

A. flaskA. flask C. Petri dishC. Petri dish

B. pipetteB. pipette D. graduated cylinderD. graduated cylinder

1.31.3

Which tool can be used to MOST accurately Which tool can be used to MOST accurately determine the volume of a paper clip?determine the volume of a paper clip?

A. rulerA. ruler

B. beakerB. beaker

C. electronic balanceC. electronic balance

D. graduated cylinderD. graduated cylinder

1.41.4

In addition to a stopwatch, which other tool In addition to a stopwatch, which other tool can be used to determine how fast a single-can be used to determine how fast a single-cell organism moves?cell organism moves?

A. pipetteA. pipette

B. watchglassB. watchglass

C. electron microscopeC. electron microscope

D. compound microscopeD. compound microscope

1.51.5

Which tool should be used to MOST Which tool should be used to MOST accurately measure 22.0 mL of a liquid?accurately measure 22.0 mL of a liquid?

A.A.

C.C.

1.61.6

A student wants to grow bacteriaA student wants to grow bacteria

on a solid nutrient agar. Which on a solid nutrient agar. Which

type of glassware is MOST type of glassware is MOST

appropriate for this procedure?appropriate for this procedure?

1.71.7

Which graduated cylinder should be used to Which graduated cylinder should be used to MOST precisely determine the volume of a MOST precisely determine the volume of a marble?marble?

2.12.1

Molecules move from areas of low Molecules move from areas of low concentrations to areas of high concentrations to areas of high concentration through the process ofconcentration through the process of

A. osmosisA. osmosis

B. diffusionB. diffusion

C. passive transportC. passive transport

D. active transportD. active transport

2.22.2

Which statement describes a cell after it has been Which statement describes a cell after it has been placed in a sugar solution?placed in a sugar solution?A. It is larger because sugar entered the cell by A. It is larger because sugar entered the cell by diffusion.diffusion.B. It is larger because water entered the cell by B. It is larger because water entered the cell by osmosis.osmosis.C. It is smaller because sugar left the cell by C. It is smaller because sugar left the cell by diffusion.diffusion.D. It is smaller because water left the cell by D. It is smaller because water left the cell by osmosis.osmosis.

2.32.3

A single-celled paramecium is placed into a dish that contains A single-celled paramecium is placed into a dish that contains distilled water. Which statement describes the cell distilled water. Which statement describes the cell processes that allow the paramecium to achieve processes that allow the paramecium to achieve homeostasis?homeostasis?A. Water leaves the cell by osmosis, and contractile A. Water leaves the cell by osmosis, and contractile vacuoles obtain water by diffusion.vacuoles obtain water by diffusion.B. Water leaves the cell by osmosis, and contractile B. Water leaves the cell by osmosis, and contractile vacuoles obtain water by active transport.vacuoles obtain water by active transport.C. Water enters the cell by osmosis, and contractile C. Water enters the cell by osmosis, and contractile vacuoles eliminate excess water by diffusion.vacuoles eliminate excess water by diffusion.D. Water enters the cell by osmosis, and contractile D. Water enters the cell by osmosis, and contractile vacuoles eliminate excess water by active transport.vacuoles eliminate excess water by active transport.

2.42.4

Which statement describes the cellular conditions in which Which statement describes the cellular conditions in which passive transport would occur?passive transport would occur?A. Energy is used to move molecules from an area of low A. Energy is used to move molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.concentration to an area of high concentration.B. Energy is used to move molecules from an area of high B. Energy is used to move molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.concentration to an area of low concentration.C. There is a concentration gradient across a semi-C. There is a concentration gradient across a semi-permeable membrane where molecules move from an area permeable membrane where molecules move from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.of low concentration to an area of high concentration.D. There is a concentration gradient across a semi-D. There is a concentration gradient across a semi-permeable membrane where molecules move from an area permeable membrane where molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

2.52.5

Study the diagram:Study the diagram:Which arrow shows theWhich arrow shows thedirection solute moleculesdirection solute moleculeswould move to achievewould move to achievehomeostasis?homeostasis?

A. A. B. B. C. C. D. D.

2.62.6

Study the diagram:Study the diagram:

A potato slice is placed in distilled water in beaker 1. A similar potato slice A potato slice is placed in distilled water in beaker 1. A similar potato slice is placed in salt water in beaker 2. Which statement correctly explains is placed in salt water in beaker 2. Which statement correctly explains the movement of water across cell membranes in one of the potato the movement of water across cell membranes in one of the potato slices?slices?A. Water will move out of the potato cells in beaker 1 because the A. Water will move out of the potato cells in beaker 1 because the solution is more concentrated.solution is more concentrated.B. Water will move into the potato cells in beaker 1 because the B. Water will move into the potato cells in beaker 1 because the solution is more concentrated.solution is more concentrated.C. Water will move out of the potato cells in beaker 2 because the C. Water will move out of the potato cells in beaker 2 because the solution is more concentrated.solution is more concentrated.D. Water will move into the potato cells in beaker 2 because the D. Water will move into the potato cells in beaker 2 because the solution is more concentrated.solution is more concentrated.

2.72.7

Study the figure:Study the figure:

If the membrane shown is permeable to molecules of X, but impermeable If the membrane shown is permeable to molecules of X, but impermeable to molecules of Y, what will be the result of diffusion over time?to molecules of Y, what will be the result of diffusion over time?A. Molecules of X on each side of the membrane will become equal in A. Molecules of X on each side of the membrane will become equal in concentration.concentration.B. Molecules of Y on each side of the membrane will become equal in B. Molecules of Y on each side of the membrane will become equal in concentration.concentration.C. Molecules of X will increase in concentration on the right side.C. Molecules of X will increase in concentration on the right side.D. Molecules of Y will increase in concentration on the right side.D. Molecules of Y will increase in concentration on the right side.

2.82.8

Study the information:Study the information:

Two cells are separated by semi-permeable membranes. The Two cells are separated by semi-permeable membranes. The starch molecules cannot pass through the membranes, but starch molecules cannot pass through the membranes, but the salt molecules can pass through the membranes. the salt molecules can pass through the membranes. Which statement describes the process for achieving Which statement describes the process for achieving homeostasis between the cells?homeostasis between the cells?A. Salt will move from 2 to 1 by diffusion.A. Salt will move from 2 to 1 by diffusion.B. Salt will move from 1 to 2 by diffusion.B. Salt will move from 1 to 2 by diffusion.C. Salt will move from 2 to 1 by osmosis.C. Salt will move from 2 to 1 by osmosis.D. Salt will move from 1 to 2 by osmosis.D. Salt will move from 1 to 2 by osmosis.

3.13.1

Which factor does NOT affect the process of Which factor does NOT affect the process of photosynthesis?photosynthesis?

A. light intensityA. light intensity

B. water availabilityB. water availability

C. nitrogen concentrationC. nitrogen concentration

D. temperature fluctuationD. temperature fluctuation

3.23.2

Study the equation below:Study the equation below:

Which product is missing from the equation?Which product is missing from the equation?

A. sugarA. sugar

B. waterB. water

C. carbonC. carbon

D. hydrogenD. hydrogen

3.33.3

Cellular respiration is a chemical process and Cellular respiration is a chemical process and can be represented by a chemical equation. can be represented by a chemical equation. What are the products in this chemical What are the products in this chemical process?process?

A. hydrocarbons and oxygenA. hydrocarbons and oxygen

B. hydrocarbons and carbon dioxideB. hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide

C. water, carbon dioxide, and energyC. water, carbon dioxide, and energy

D. water, carbon dioxide, and oxygenD. water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen

3.43.4

What is the primary purpose of cellular respiration?What is the primary purpose of cellular respiration?

A. to store chemical energy in glucose moleculesA. to store chemical energy in glucose molecules

B. to store chemical energy in carbon dioxide and B. to store chemical energy in carbon dioxide and water moleculeswater molecules

C. to use chemical energy from glucose moleculesC. to use chemical energy from glucose molecules

D. to use chemical energy from carbon dioxide D. to use chemical energy from carbon dioxide and water moleculesand water molecules

3.53.5

Which equation shows the reactants and Which equation shows the reactants and products of cellular respiration?products of cellular respiration?

A. carbon dioxide + water sugar + oxygenA. carbon dioxide + water sugar + oxygen

B. carbon dioxide + oxygen sugar + waterB. carbon dioxide + oxygen sugar + water

C. sugar + carbon dioxide water + oxygenC. sugar + carbon dioxide water + oxygen

D. sugar + oxygen water + carbon dioxideD. sugar + oxygen water + carbon dioxide

3.63.6

Which two substances are products of cellular Which two substances are products of cellular respiration?respiration?

A. glucose and waterA. glucose and water

B. glucose and oxygenB. glucose and oxygen

C. carbon dioxide and waterC. carbon dioxide and water

D. carbon dioxide and oxygenD. carbon dioxide and oxygen

4.14.1

Examine the diagram:Examine the diagram:

What are the similarities and differences between organelles What are the similarities and differences between organelles 1 and 2?1 and 2?A. Both are double membrane-bound organelles, but 1 A. Both are double membrane-bound organelles, but 1 conducts respiration and 2 conducts photosynthesis.conducts respiration and 2 conducts photosynthesis.B. Both are double membrane-bound organelles, but 1 B. Both are double membrane-bound organelles, but 1 conducts photosynthesis and 2 conducts respiration.conducts photosynthesis and 2 conducts respiration.C. Both are single membrane-bound organelles, but 1 C. Both are single membrane-bound organelles, but 1 conducts respiration and 2 conducts photosynthesis.conducts respiration and 2 conducts photosynthesis.D. Both are single membrane-bound organelles, but 1 D. Both are single membrane-bound organelles, but 1 conducts photosynthesis and 2 conducts respiration.conducts photosynthesis and 2 conducts respiration.

4.24.2

Study the cell:Study the cell:

Which cellular structures are involved in synthesizing and Which cellular structures are involved in synthesizing and packaging protein?packaging protein?A. 1 packages protein and 3 synthesizes protein.A. 1 packages protein and 3 synthesizes protein.B. 1 packages protein and 4 synthesizes protein.B. 1 packages protein and 4 synthesizes protein.C. 2 packages protein and 3 synthesizes protein.C. 2 packages protein and 3 synthesizes protein.D. 2 packages protein and 4 synthesizes protein.D. 2 packages protein and 4 synthesizes protein.

4.34.3

Examine the diagram:Examine the diagram:

What are the differences between structures 1 and 2?What are the differences between structures 1 and 2?A. Ribosomes are produced in structure 1, and DNA is A. Ribosomes are produced in structure 1, and DNA is stored in structure 2stored in structure 2B. DNA is stored in structure 1, and ribosomes are B. DNA is stored in structure 1, and ribosomes are produced in structure 2produced in structure 2C. RNA is stored in structure 1, and DNA is stored in C. RNA is stored in structure 1, and DNA is stored in structure 2structure 2D. DNA is stored in structure 1, and RNA is stored in D. DNA is stored in structure 1, and RNA is stored in structure 2structure 2

4.44.4

Study the data table. Which student has correctly Study the data table. Which student has correctly identified the typical characteristics of a identified the typical characteristics of a prokaryotic cell?prokaryotic cell?

A. student 1A. student 1 C. student 3C. student 3

B. student 2 B. student 2 D. student 4D. student 4

4.54.5

Look at the list of organism characteristics below. Look at the list of organism characteristics below. Which two statements correctly differentiate Which two statements correctly differentiate Archaebacteria from other bacteria?Archaebacteria from other bacteria?

A. statements 1 and 3A. statements 1 and 3 C. statements 2 and 3C. statements 2 and 3

B. statements 1 and 4B. statements 1 and 4 D. statements 2 and 4D. statements 2 and 4

4.64.6

To which group does an organism with the following To which group does an organism with the following characteristics belong?characteristics belong?

A. ProtistaA. Protista C. EubacteriaC. Eubacteria

B. FungiB. Fungi D. ArchaebacteriaD. Archaebacteria

4.74.7

A scientist is given several bacterial samples. A scientist is given several bacterial samples. Which characteristic can be used to classify Which characteristic can be used to classify the bacteria as either Eubacteria or the bacteria as either Eubacteria or Archaebacteria in the six-kingdom Archaebacteria in the six-kingdom classification system?classification system?A. the presence of DNAA. the presence of DNAB. how the bacteria moveB. how the bacteria moveC. how the bacteria ingest foodC. how the bacteria ingest foodD. the structure of ribosomal RNAD. the structure of ribosomal RNA

4.84.8

Which kingdom includes organisms with Which kingdom includes organisms with specialized cells that perform individual specialized cells that perform individual functions?functions?

A.A. PlantaePlantae

B.B. MoneraMonera

C.C. EubacteriaEubacteria

D.D. ArchaebacteriaArchaebacteria

4.94.9

Which statement correctly describes the main difference Which statement correctly describes the main difference between the five-kingdom and the six-kingdom systems between the five-kingdom and the six-kingdom systems of classification?of classification?A. Monera in the five-kingdom system is divided into A. Monera in the five-kingdom system is divided into Protista and Fungi in the six-kingdom system.Protista and Fungi in the six-kingdom system.B. Monera in the five-kingdom system is divided into B. Monera in the five-kingdom system is divided into Eubacteria and Archaebacteria in the six-kingdom Eubacteria and Archaebacteria in the six-kingdom system.system.C. Eubacteria and Archaebacteria in the five-kingdom C. Eubacteria and Archaebacteria in the five-kingdom system are combined to form Monera in the six-kingdom system are combined to form Monera in the six-kingdom system.system.D. Fungi and Protista in the five-kingdom system are D. Fungi and Protista in the five-kingdom system are combined to form Eubacteria in the six-kingdom system.combined to form Eubacteria in the six-kingdom system.

4.104.10

Which correctly lists the kingdoms in the Which correctly lists the kingdoms in the current six-kingdom classification?current six-kingdom classification?

AA

CC

4.114.11

Study the table below. Which student correctly compares Study the table below. Which student correctly compares prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

A. student 1A. student 1 C. student 3C. student 3B. student 2B. student 2 D. student 4D. student 4

5.15.1

A pod of bottlenose dolphins living in a A pod of bottlenose dolphins living in a specific region can be identified as which specific region can be identified as which level of organization?level of organization?

A. biosphereA. biosphere

B. ecosystemB. ecosystem

C. populationC. population

D. communityD. community

5.25.2

Study the picture:Study the picture:

Which level of organization in the biosphere is BEST Which level of organization in the biosphere is BEST represented by the entire picture?represented by the entire picture?A. organismA. organism C. populationC. populationB. ecosystemB. ecosystem D. communityD. community

5.35.3

A group of cells that work together for a A group of cells that work together for a common function is MOST LIKELY common function is MOST LIKELY described as described as

A. a tissueA. a tissue

B. an organB. an organ

C. an organelleC. an organelle

D. a communityD. a community

5.45.4

Study the diagram:Study the diagram:

Which is a level of organization that could be Which is a level of organization that could be represented by the X?represented by the X?A. plantA. plant C. biosphereC. biosphereB. animalB. animal D. communityD. community

5.55.5

Study the picture:Study the picture:

Which level of organization results from the combination of Which level of organization results from the combination of the living organisms shown in the picture?the living organisms shown in the picture?A. biosphereA. biosphere C. populationC. populationB. ecosystemB. ecosystem D. communityD. community

5.65.6

Which figure BEST represents the levels of Which figure BEST represents the levels of organization in an ocean?organization in an ocean?

5.75.7

Which sequence correctly identifies the levels Which sequence correctly identifies the levels of organization in a biosphere from the most of organization in a biosphere from the most complex to the least complex?complex to the least complex?

A. organism population community ecosystemA. organism population community ecosystem

B. ecosystem community population organismB. ecosystem community population organism

C. community organism ecosystem populationC. community organism ecosystem population

D. population ecosystem organism communityD. population ecosystem organism community

5.85.8

Study the tables.Study the tables.

Ospreys, egrets, and cranes were observed in an area around a small Ospreys, egrets, and cranes were observed in an area around a small oxbow lake at Perry Lakes in Alabama.oxbow lake at Perry Lakes in Alabama.

Which student correctly categorized the observations according to the Which student correctly categorized the observations according to the levels of organization in the biosphere?levels of organization in the biosphere?

A.A. Student 1Student 1 C. student 3C. student 3B.B. Student 2Student 2 D. student 4D. student 4

5.95.9

5.105.10

Study the picture:Study the picture:

Which level of organization is BEST represented by the entire Which level of organization is BEST represented by the entire picture?picture?A. populationA. population C. ecosystemC. ecosystemB. communityB. community D. organismD. organism

5.115.11

A scientist studied a coral reef in an ocean. The A scientist studied a coral reef in an ocean. The scientist made a data table to record what was scientist made a data table to record what was observed. How many populations are represented observed. How many populations are represented by the data?by the data?

A. 2A. 2

B. 6B. 6

C. 67C. 67

D. 101D. 101

5.125.12

Study the list of terms:Study the list of terms:

A student preparing for a test in human A student preparing for a test in human anatomy studied the terms in the list. Which anatomy studied the terms in the list. Which of the following represents a tissue in the of the following represents a tissue in the human body?human body?A. lymphocyteA. lymphocyte C. tendonC. tendonB. lungB. lung D. skeletonD. skeleton

6.16.1

Meiosis and mitosis are two different Meiosis and mitosis are two different reproductive processes. What happens reproductive processes. What happens ONLY during meiosis?ONLY during meiosis?

A. crossing over occursA. crossing over occurs

B. replication of organellesB. replication of organelles

C. disappearance of the nucleolusC. disappearance of the nucleolus

D. complete breakdown of the nuclear D. complete breakdown of the nuclear membranemembrane

6.26.2

Which statement is correct?Which statement is correct?A. Meiosis is a way to reproduce, but mitosis is A. Meiosis is a way to reproduce, but mitosis is not.not.B. Meiosis is a way to create diversity, but mitosis B. Meiosis is a way to create diversity, but mitosis is not.is not.C. During mitosis, chromosomes are copied, but C. During mitosis, chromosomes are copied, but during meiosis chromosomes double.during meiosis chromosomes double.D. During mitosis, chromosome numbers double, D. During mitosis, chromosome numbers double, but during meiosis, chromosome numbers remain but during meiosis, chromosome numbers remain constant.constant.

6.36.3

Which process requires meiosis?Which process requires meiosis?

A. egg productionA. egg production

B. bacterial fissionB. bacterial fission

C. flatworm regenerationC. flatworm regeneration

D. vegetative propagationD. vegetative propagation

6.46.4

Which statements about cell Which statements about cell

division are CORRECT?division are CORRECT?

A.A. Statements 1 and 3Statements 1 and 3

B.B. Statements 1 and 4Statements 1 and 4

C.C. Statements 2 and 3Statements 2 and 3

D.D. Statements 2 and 4Statements 2 and 4

6.56.5

Red blood cells carry oxygen to the body during Red blood cells carry oxygen to the body during respiration and typically have a lifespan of four respiration and typically have a lifespan of four months. What is the role of mitosis during months. What is the role of mitosis during respiration?respiration?A. allows cells to absorb oxygen from the airA. allows cells to absorb oxygen from the airB. causes cells to release oxygen to the bodyB. causes cells to release oxygen to the bodyC. helps replace cells that are destroyed or C. helps replace cells that are destroyed or damageddamagedD. produces molecules needed to maintain cell D. produces molecules needed to maintain cell structuresstructures

6.66.6

Which of the following is a true statement Which of the following is a true statement about asexual reproduction?about asexual reproduction?

A. Only one organism is needed.A. Only one organism is needed.

B. A mutation needs to occur.B. A mutation needs to occur.

C. Meiosis is necessary.C. Meiosis is necessary.

D. DNA is not required.D. DNA is not required.

6.76.7

Which reproductive process is MOST like the Which reproductive process is MOST like the regenerative process of skin cells?regenerative process of skin cells?

A. yeast creating budsA. yeast creating buds

B. ovaries forming eggsB. ovaries forming eggs

C. ferns producing sporesC. ferns producing spores

D. muscles growing in sizeD. muscles growing in size

6.86.8

Which cell processWhich cell process

is represented by process 1is represented by process 1

of reproduction?of reproduction?

A. meiosisA. meiosis

B. mitosisB. mitosis

C. respirationC. respiration

D. fertilizationD. fertilization

6.96.9

Study the sequence below. Which cellular Study the sequence below. Which cellular process missing from this sequence process missing from this sequence produces cells having a chromosome produces cells having a chromosome number of 2n?number of 2n?

A. meiosisA. meiosis C. respirationC. respirationB. mitosisB. mitosis D. fertilizationD. fertilization

7.17.1

Blood type in humans is controlled by three alleles, designated as IBlood type in humans is controlled by three alleles, designated as IAA, I, IBB (both dominant alleles), and i (recessive allele). Genotypes for each of (both dominant alleles), and i (recessive allele). Genotypes for each of the four possible blood types are shown in the table.the four possible blood types are shown in the table.

A man with blood type A, whose A man with blood type A, whose

Mother was type O, has a child withMother was type O, has a child with

A woman that has type AB blood.A woman that has type AB blood.

Which blood types are possible in theirWhich blood types are possible in their

Children?Children?

A. types A and B onlyA. types A and B only C. types A, B, and O onlyC. types A, B, and O only

B. types A, B, and AB onlyB. types A, B, and AB only D. types A and AB onlyD. types A and AB only

7.27.2

Egyptian Mau cats are genetically crossed for certain lengths Egyptian Mau cats are genetically crossed for certain lengths of fur. A breeder knows that short hair is dominant over of fur. A breeder knows that short hair is dominant over long hair. If 75% of the kittens are born with short hair, long hair. If 75% of the kittens are born with short hair, what are the parents’ MOST LIKELY genotypes?what are the parents’ MOST LIKELY genotypes?A. The male is a heterozygous shorthair cat, and the A. The male is a heterozygous shorthair cat, and the female is a homozygous shorthair cat.female is a homozygous shorthair cat.B. The male is a homozygous longhair cat, and the female B. The male is a homozygous longhair cat, and the female is a heterozygous shorthair cat.is a heterozygous shorthair cat.C. The male is a homozygous shorthair cat, and the female C. The male is a homozygous shorthair cat, and the female is a homozygous longhair cat.is a homozygous longhair cat.D. The male is a heterozygous shorthair cat, and the D. The male is a heterozygous shorthair cat, and the female is a heterozygous shorthair cat.female is a heterozygous shorthair cat.

7.37.3

Brown eye color is dominant to blue color. A heterozygous Brown eye color is dominant to blue color. A heterozygous brown-eyed father and a blue-eyed mother have four brown-eyed father and a blue-eyed mother have four children. Which statement BEST describes the children's’ children. Which statement BEST describes the children's’ predicted phenotype(s)?predicted phenotype(s)?

A. 50% of the children will have brown eyes, and 50% will A. 50% of the children will have brown eyes, and 50% will have blue eyes.have blue eyes.B. 75% of the children will have brown eyes, and 25% will B. 75% of the children will have brown eyes, and 25% will have blue eyes.have blue eyes.C. 75% of the children will have blue eyes, and 25% will C. 75% of the children will have blue eyes, and 25% will have brown eyes.have brown eyes.D. 100% of the children will have brown eyes.D. 100% of the children will have brown eyes.

7.47.4

In rabbits, black hair is dominant to brown. If a In rabbits, black hair is dominant to brown. If a heterozygous black-haired rabbit and a heterozygous black-haired rabbit and a brown-haired rabbit were crossed, what brown-haired rabbit were crossed, what percentage of their offspring would be percentage of their offspring would be brown-haired?brown-haired?

A.A. 0%0%B.B. 25%25%C.C. 50%50%D.D. 75%75%

7.57.5

Which genetic cross will produce all Which genetic cross will produce all heterozygous offspring?heterozygous offspring?

A. RR x rrA. RR x rr

B. Rr x rrB. Rr x rr

C. RR x RRC. RR x RR

D. Rr x RrD. Rr x Rr

7.67.6

Brown eyes are dominant to blue eyes, and Brown eyes are dominant to blue eyes, and dark hair is dominant to blond hair. A dark hair is dominant to blond hair. A woman is heterozygous for brown eyes and woman is heterozygous for brown eyes and dark hair. A man is also heterozygous for dark hair. A man is also heterozygous for both traits. What is the chance that their both traits. What is the chance that their child will have blue eyes and blond hair?child will have blue eyes and blond hair?A. 1/16A. 1/16 C. 3/8C. 3/8B. 1/4B. 1/4 D. 9/16D. 9/16

7.77.7

In pea plants, the allele for round seeds is dominant over In pea plants, the allele for round seeds is dominant over wrinkled seeds. Plant 1 has round seeds, and plant 2 has wrinkled seeds. Plant 1 has round seeds, and plant 2 has wrinkled seeds. When these plants are crossed, 50% of wrinkled seeds. When these plants are crossed, 50% of their offspring have round seeds and 50% have wrinkled their offspring have round seeds and 50% have wrinkled seeds. Which statement about the parent plants is seeds. Which statement about the parent plants is correct?correct?A. Plant 1 is heterozygous, and plant 2 is heterozygous.A. Plant 1 is heterozygous, and plant 2 is heterozygous.B. Plant 1 is heterozygous, and plant 2 is homozygous B. Plant 1 is heterozygous, and plant 2 is homozygous recessive.recessive.C. Plant 1 is homozygous dominant, and plant 2 is C. Plant 1 is homozygous dominant, and plant 2 is heterozygous.heterozygous.D. Plant 1 is homozygous dominant, and plant 2 is D. Plant 1 is homozygous dominant, and plant 2 is homozygous recessive.homozygous recessive.

7.87.8

In lions, white color is a recessive trait, and In lions, white color is a recessive trait, and the color brown is dominant. If a white lion the color brown is dominant. If a white lion mates with a homozygous brown lion, mates with a homozygous brown lion, approximately what percentage of their approximately what percentage of their offspring would be white?offspring would be white?A. 0%A. 0%B. 25%B. 25%C. 50%C. 50%D. 75%D. 75%

7.97.9

7.107.10

Gray fur (B) in mice is dominant over white fur Gray fur (B) in mice is dominant over white fur (b). Two mice that are homozygous for (b). Two mice that are homozygous for white fur color are crossbred. If they have a white fur color are crossbred. If they have a total of 334 offspring, approximately how total of 334 offspring, approximately how many can be expected to have gray fur?many can be expected to have gray fur?A. 33A. 33B. 22B. 22C. 11C. 11D. 0D. 0

7.117.11

Which genotype is heterozygous for two Which genotype is heterozygous for two traits?traits?

A. ggTtA. ggTt

B. GgTtB. GgTt

C. GgTTC. GgTT

D. GGTTD. GGTT

7.127.12

In gerbils, brown fur is dominant to black fur. Which Punnett In gerbils, brown fur is dominant to black fur. Which Punnett square shows a cross between one brown-furred gerbil and square shows a cross between one brown-furred gerbil and one black-furred gerbil that could produce offspring with one black-furred gerbil that could produce offspring with black fur?black fur?

7.137.13

Which parts of this Punnett square would Which parts of this Punnett square would contain the genotype that results in the contain the genotype that results in the expression of only the recessive expression of only the recessive phenotype?phenotype?

A. parts 1 and 2A. parts 1 and 2B. parts 1 and 4B. parts 1 and 4C. parts 2 and 3C. parts 2 and 3D. parts 3 and 4D. parts 3 and 4

7.147.14

In a certain squirrel population, a black fur In a certain squirrel population, a black fur gene is dominant to a gray fur gene. Which gene is dominant to a gray fur gene. Which genotypes show a cross between a genotypes show a cross between a homozygous black-furred squirrel and a homozygous black-furred squirrel and a homozygous gray-furred squirrel?homozygous gray-furred squirrel?A. GG x ggA. GG x ggB. Gg x GgB. Gg x GgC. GG x GGC. GG x GGD. Gg x ggD. Gg x gg

7.157.15

Which genotype represents a heterozygous Which genotype represents a heterozygous dandelion plant?dandelion plant?

A. DdA. Dd

B. DDB. DD

C. DdC. Dd

D. D or dD. D or d

7.167.16

In gray squirrels, the gene for white fur color (a) is recessive, In gray squirrels, the gene for white fur color (a) is recessive, and gray fur color (A) is dominant. Which Punnett square and gray fur color (A) is dominant. Which Punnett square accurately represents the probabilities of offspring resulting accurately represents the probabilities of offspring resulting from a cross between two homozygous squirrels?from a cross between two homozygous squirrels?

7.177.17

Hemophilia is a recessive disorder (XHemophilia is a recessive disorder (Xhh) that is ) that is sex-linked and occurs on the X gene. sex-linked and occurs on the X gene. Which offspring will likely develop Which offspring will likely develop hemophilia?hemophilia?

A. offspring 2A. offspring 2

B. offspring 4B. offspring 4

C. offspring 1 & 2C. offspring 1 & 2

D. offspring 3 & 4D. offspring 3 & 4

7.187.18

In a breed of dogs, brown eyes (B) are dominant to In a breed of dogs, brown eyes (B) are dominant to blue eyes (b), and straight fur (F) is dominant to blue eyes (b), and straight fur (F) is dominant to curly fur (f). If a male and a female that both have curly fur (f). If a male and a female that both have the genotype BbFf have an offspring, what is the the genotype BbFf have an offspring, what is the probability that the offspring will have blue eyes?probability that the offspring will have blue eyes?A. 1/16A. 1/16B. 4/16B. 4/16C. 8/16C. 8/16D. 9/16D. 9/16

8.18.1

Which statement describes a function of Which statement describes a function of proteins in living organisms?proteins in living organisms?

A. They serve as enzymatic catalysts.A. They serve as enzymatic catalysts.

B. They transmit genetic information.B. They transmit genetic information.

C. They are an energy storing molecule.C. They are an energy storing molecule.

D. They serve as building blocks for RNA.D. They serve as building blocks for RNA.

8.28.2

Which function is characteristic of RNA, but Which function is characteristic of RNA, but NOT DNA?NOT DNA?

A. transports proteinsA. transports proteins

B. replicates itselfB. replicates itself

C. transports amino acidsC. transports amino acids

D. carries genetic informationD. carries genetic information

8.38.3

A strand of DNA that contains the bases A strand of DNA that contains the bases TACGAT replicates. Which base sequence TACGAT replicates. Which base sequence is in the new strand produced during is in the new strand produced during replication?replication?

A. ATGCTAA. ATGCTA

B. AUGCUAB. AUGCUA

C. TACGATC. TACGAT

D. CGTGGCD. CGTGGC

8.48.4

As a result of base pairing in DNA, there is the As a result of base pairing in DNA, there is the same number of which two bases?same number of which two bases?

A. guanine and thymineA. guanine and thymine

B. adenine and cytosineB. adenine and cytosine

C. adenine and guanineC. adenine and guanine

D. guanine and cytosineD. guanine and cytosine

8.58.5

Study the nucleotide sequence below:Study the nucleotide sequence below:

A C G C A G TA C G C A G T

Consider the nucleotide sequence above. Which Consider the nucleotide sequence above. Which nucleotide sequence below represents the nucleotide sequence below represents the corresponding portion of an RNA strand?corresponding portion of an RNA strand?

A.A. C T G C G T AC T G C G T A

B.B. G A C A G C UG A C A G C U

C. C. T G C G T C UT G C G T C U

D. D. U G C G U C AU G C G U C A

8.68.6

Which sequence represents a DNA strand Which sequence represents a DNA strand that would complement the following mRNA that would complement the following mRNA strand?strand?

CUA UGC AUG CCACUA UGC AUG CCA

A. A. GAU ACG UAC GGUGAU ACG UAC GGU

B. CUA UGC AUG CCAB. CUA UGC AUG CCA

C. GAT ACG TAC GGTC. GAT ACG TAC GGT

D. CTA TGC ATG CCAD. CTA TGC ATG CCA

8.78.7

Which student correctly identified possible Which student correctly identified possible percentages of nucleotide bases that could percentages of nucleotide bases that could be present in a complete sample of DNA?be present in a complete sample of DNA?

A.A. student 1student 1

B.B. student 2student 2

C.C. student 3student 3

D.D. student 4student 4

8.88.8

What preserves the genetic code from one What preserves the genetic code from one generation to the next?generation to the next?

A. DNA replicationA. DNA replication

B. RNA translationB. RNA translation

C. protein synthesisC. protein synthesis

D. enzyme activationD. enzyme activation

10.110.1

Which student has correctly classified each plant?Which student has correctly classified each plant?

A.A. student 1student 1

B.B. student 2student 2

C.C. student 3student 3

D.D. student 4student 4

10.210.2

Which process is prevented from occurring Which process is prevented from occurring when the stamens are removed from an when the stamens are removed from an angiosperm?angiosperm?

A. self-pollinationA. self-pollination

B. cross-pollinationB. cross-pollination

C. sexual reproductionC. sexual reproduction

D. asexual reproductionD. asexual reproduction

10.310.3

Study the leaf:Study the leaf:

A plant with the leaf-venation pattern shown A plant with the leaf-venation pattern shown would be classified awould be classified aA. dicot, with 2 cotyledonsA. dicot, with 2 cotyledonsB. dicot, with1 cotyledonB. dicot, with1 cotyledonC. monocot, with 2 cotyledonsC. monocot, with 2 cotyledonsD. monocot, with 1 cotyledonD. monocot, with 1 cotyledon

10.410.4

A class observes an unknown plant and discovers A class observes an unknown plant and discovers that the plant’s seeds have only one cotylecdon. that the plant’s seeds have only one cotylecdon. When the class examines the leaves and stem, When the class examines the leaves and stem, what will they MOST LIKELY find?what will they MOST LIKELY find?A. parallel veins and a ring of vascular bundlesA. parallel veins and a ring of vascular bundlesB. parallel veins and scattered vascular bundlesB. parallel veins and scattered vascular bundlesC. a netted arrangement of veins and a ring of C. a netted arrangement of veins and a ring of vascular bundlesvascular bundlesD. a netted arrangement of veins and scattered D. a netted arrangement of veins and scattered vascular bundlesvascular bundles

10.510.5

Why are nonvascular plants typically smaller and Why are nonvascular plants typically smaller and shorter than vascular plants?shorter than vascular plants?A. Nonvascular plants use mitosis to produce A. Nonvascular plants use mitosis to produce cells.cells.B. Nonvascular plants use photosynthesis to B. Nonvascular plants use photosynthesis to obtain energy.obtain energy.C. Nonvascular plants lack tubes to transport C. Nonvascular plants lack tubes to transport materials.materials.D. Nonvascular plants lack deep fibrous roots to D. Nonvascular plants lack deep fibrous roots to obtain water.obtain water.

10.610.6

Study the table. Which plant is an Study the table. Which plant is an angiosperm?angiosperm?

A.A. plant 1plant 1

B.B. plant 2plant 2

C.C. plant 3plant 3

D.D. plant 4plant 4

10.710.7

Study the table. Which statement is correct?Study the table. Which statement is correct?A. Plants 1 and 2 are gymnospermsA. Plants 1 and 2 are gymnospermsB. Plants 1 and 2 are nonvascular plantsB. Plants 1 and 2 are nonvascular plantsC. Plant 1 is a monocot, and plant 2 is a C. Plant 1 is a monocot, and plant 2 is a dicotdicotD. Plant 1 produces seeds, and plant 2 D. Plant 1 produces seeds, and plant 2 produces conesproduces cones

11.111.1

Study the figureStudy the figure

Which characteristics are used to determine the classification Which characteristics are used to determine the classification of a sea star?of a sea star?A. radial symmetry and an exoskeletonA. radial symmetry and an exoskeletonB. radial symmetry and an endoskeletonB. radial symmetry and an endoskeletonC. bilateral symmetry and an exoskeletonC. bilateral symmetry and an exoskeletonD. bilateral radial symmetry and an endoskeletonD. bilateral radial symmetry and an endoskeleton

11.211.2

A new organism is discovered. After careful A new organism is discovered. After careful observation, scientists conclude that it is a observation, scientists conclude that it is a mammal. Which two characteristics would mammal. Which two characteristics would the organism possess to lead the scientists the organism possess to lead the scientists to this conclusion?to this conclusion?A. endoskeleton and scalesA. endoskeleton and scalesB. exoskeleton and asymmetryB. exoskeleton and asymmetryC. fur or hair and warm-bloodedC. fur or hair and warm-bloodedD. have live young and radial symmetryD. have live young and radial symmetry

11.311.3

Which group of animals contains members Which group of animals contains members that move using cilia and flagella?that move using cilia and flagella?

A. birdsA. birds

B. protistsB. protists

C. mammalsC. mammals

D. amphibiansD. amphibians

11.411.4

Four students each examine different animals and Four students each examine different animals and report their information in the table below. Which report their information in the table below. Which student correctly identified two characteristics of student correctly identified two characteristics of an amphibian?an amphibian?

A.A. student 1student 1B.B. student 2student 2C.C. student 3student 3D.D. student 4student 4

11.511.5

Study the 2 animals.Study the 2 animals.

Which characteristic is used to place the shark Which characteristic is used to place the shark and the moray eel into two different and the moray eel into two different taxonomic classes?taxonomic classes?

A. gas exchange through gillsA. gas exchange through gills

B. tail extending from the nerve cordB. tail extending from the nerve cord

C. composition of skeletonC. composition of skeleton

D. habitat in waterD. habitat in water

11.6 11.6 Study the table:Study the table:

Which animal is MOST LIKELY a clam?Which animal is MOST LIKELY a clam?A. organism 1A. organism 1B. organism 2B. organism 2C. organism 3C. organism 3D. organism 4D. organism 4

11.711.7

Four students record data in a chart comparing Four students record data in a chart comparing mammals and reptiles. Which student has mammals and reptiles. Which student has correctly classified the two classes of animals?correctly classified the two classes of animals?

A.A. student 1student 1

B.B. student 2student 2

C.C. student 3student 3

D.D. student 4student 4

11.811.8

Which animal’s body shape shows bilateral symmetry?Which animal’s body shape shows bilateral symmetry?

11.911.9

Study the pictureStudy the picture

The whip-like structure on this organism is The whip-like structure on this organism is MOST LIKELYMOST LIKELY

A.A. excreted waste productsexcreted waste productsB.B. an organelle for absorbing foodan organelle for absorbing foodC.C. used for locomotionused for locomotionD.D. an adaptation for defensean adaptation for defense

12.112.1

Which example BEST describes mimicry?Which example BEST describes mimicry?

A. moving to a new location to obtain foodA. moving to a new location to obtain food

B. appearing to look like a different animalB. appearing to look like a different animal

C. catching prey with sharp teethC. catching prey with sharp teeth

D. keeping warm with thick furD. keeping warm with thick fur

12.212.2

Animals hibernate for many reasons. What is Animals hibernate for many reasons. What is one reason animals would NOT hibernate?one reason animals would NOT hibernate?

A. to conserve energyA. to conserve energy

B. to avoid harsh climate conditionsB. to avoid harsh climate conditions

C. to locate preyC. to locate prey

D. to survive when food is hard to findD. to survive when food is hard to find

12.312.3

Which statement describes how some animals may Which statement describes how some animals may adapt to an environmental change?adapt to an environmental change?A. Urbanization causes some birds to mimic other A. Urbanization causes some birds to mimic other birdsbirdsB. Deforestation causes some birds to change B. Deforestation causes some birds to change their beak shapetheir beak shapeC. Natural disasters cause some animals to C. Natural disasters cause some animals to hibernatehibernateD. Seasons cause some mammals to change fur D. Seasons cause some mammals to change fur colorationcoloration

12.412.4

Study the two animals:Study the two animals:

The hoverfly and the wasp have similar coloration The hoverfly and the wasp have similar coloration and physical characteristics. However, only the and physical characteristics. However, only the wasp can defend itself by stinging potential wasp can defend itself by stinging potential predators. Which type of protective adaptation is predators. Which type of protective adaptation is demonstrated by the hoverfly?demonstrated by the hoverfly?A. stingerA. stinger C. camouflageC. camouflageB. mimicryB. mimicry D. countershadingD. countershading

12.512.5

Which statement describes an organism’s behavioral Which statement describes an organism’s behavioral adaptation?adaptation?A. A chameleon changes its body coloring to A. A chameleon changes its body coloring to blend into its environment.blend into its environment.B. An elk has a four-chambered stomach to help B. An elk has a four-chambered stomach to help digest the foods it eats.digest the foods it eats.C. A shark has a light-colored belly and a darker C. A shark has a light-colored belly and a darker top side to camouflage it in its habitat.top side to camouflage it in its habitat.D. A trumpeter swan has a sharp beak so it can D. A trumpeter swan has a sharp beak so it can dig for roots underwater.dig for roots underwater.

12.612.6

Study the picture below:Study the picture below:

For which activity is this bird’s beak best For which activity is this bird’s beak best adapted?adapted?A. tearing fleshA. tearing fleshB. spearing fishB. spearing fishC. sipping nectarC. sipping nectarD. chiseling woodD. chiseling wood

12.712.7

A walking stick is an insect that resembles a A walking stick is an insect that resembles a stick or branch of a plant. What is the BEST stick or branch of a plant. What is the BEST description of this protective adaptation?description of this protective adaptation?A. The walking stick is attracting a mate.A. The walking stick is attracting a mate.B. The walking stick is searching for food.B. The walking stick is searching for food.C. The walking stick is preparing for C. The walking stick is preparing for hibernation.hibernation.D. The walking stick is camouflaging itself D. The walking stick is camouflaging itself from from predators.predators.

12.812.8

Some species of lizards change their body Some species of lizards change their body colors to resemble their environment, inflate colors to resemble their environment, inflate their bodies or throats, or secrete their bodies or throats, or secrete substances to mark territories. Which of substances to mark territories. Which of these protective strategies is NOT an these protective strategies is NOT an adaptation of the lizard?adaptation of the lizard?

A. migrationA. migration C. physical changeC. physical change

B. camouflageB. camouflageD. chemical defenseD. chemical defense

12.912.9

The diet of a species of bird consists mainly of The diet of a species of bird consists mainly of small rodents. Which type of beak would small rodents. Which type of beak would this species of bird MOST LIKELY have?this species of bird MOST LIKELY have?

13.113.1

If the producers in a community provide If the producers in a community provide 10,000 kcal of energy, approximately how 10,000 kcal of energy, approximately how much of the Sun’s original energy is much of the Sun’s original energy is available for the secondary consumers?available for the secondary consumers?

A. 10 kcalA. 10 kcal

B. 100 kcalB. 100 kcal

C. 1000 kcalC. 1000 kcal

D. 10,000 kcalD. 10,000 kcal

13.213.2

Producers have greater amounts of energy available Producers have greater amounts of energy available to them than primary consumers. Which to them than primary consumers. Which statement about producers is NOT correct?statement about producers is NOT correct?

A.A. Energy is released by producers as heat.Energy is released by producers as heat.

B.B. Energy is created by producers.Energy is created by producers.

C.C. Energy is used for metabolism.Energy is used for metabolism.

D.D. Energy is used for active transport.Energy is used for active transport.

13.313.3

Study the food chain:Study the food chain:

Which statement correctly comparesWhich statement correctly compares

the available energy between the available energy between

trophic levels in this food chain?trophic levels in this food chain?

A.A. Energy is highest in algae and lowest in great black-backed gulls.Energy is highest in algae and lowest in great black-backed gulls.

B.B. Energy is highest in great black-backed gulls and lowest in algae.Energy is highest in great black-backed gulls and lowest in algae.

C.C. Energy is highest in crustaceans and puffins and lowest in great Energy is highest in crustaceans and puffins and lowest in great black-backed gulls.black-backed gulls.

D.D. Energy is highest in algae and great black-backed gulls and lowest Energy is highest in algae and great black-backed gulls and lowest in crustaceans and puffins.in crustaceans and puffins.

13.413.4

Study the food webStudy the food web

Which organism receives the MOST energy Which organism receives the MOST energy from corn?from corn?

A. foxA. fox C. snakeC. snake

B. owlB. owl D. chipmunkD. chipmunk

13.513.5

Which statement BEST explains why the Which statement BEST explains why the snowy owl and the arctic fox can occupy the snowy owl and the arctic fox can occupy the same trophic level in a tundra food chain?same trophic level in a tundra food chain?A. They have light coloring.A. They have light coloring.B. They hunt at the same time of the year.B. They hunt at the same time of the year.C. They eat primary consumers.C. They eat primary consumers.D. They take in oxygen and release D. They take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide.carbon dioxide.

13.613.6

Which series correctly models the flow of Which series correctly models the flow of energy in an aquatic food chain?energy in an aquatic food chain?

A. plankton A. plankton sand eelsand eel striped bass striped bass codcod

B. sand eelB. sand eel codcod plankton striped bass plankton striped bass

C. striped bass plankton cod sand eelC. striped bass plankton cod sand eel

D. cod striped bass sand eel planktonD. cod striped bass sand eel plankton

13.713.7

Study the food chain below.Study the food chain below.

Which organisms receive the smallest amount of energy from Which organisms receive the smallest amount of energy from the level directly before them in this food chain?the level directly before them in this food chain?A. primary consumersA. primary consumersB. secondary consumersB. secondary consumersC. tertiary consumersC. tertiary consumersD. decomposersD. decomposers

14.114.1

Which process is MOST directly dependent on Which process is MOST directly dependent on temperature reduction, small particles, and temperature reduction, small particles, and gravity to produce its products?gravity to produce its products?

A. evaporationA. evaporation

B. transpirationB. transpiration

C. precipitationC. precipitation

D. condensationD. condensation

14.214.2

Which statement describes the changes that result Which statement describes the changes that result from increased burning of fossil fuels?from increased burning of fossil fuels?A. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and carbon A. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and carbon stored in fossil fuels both increase.stored in fossil fuels both increase.B. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and carbon B. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and carbon stored in fossil fuels both decrease.stored in fossil fuels both decrease.C. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere decreases, C. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere decreases, and carbon stored in fossil fuels increases.and carbon stored in fossil fuels increases.D. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases, D. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases, and carbon stored in fossil fuels decreases.and carbon stored in fossil fuels decreases.

14.314.3

When green plants produce oxygen, from When green plants produce oxygen, from which molecule does the oxygen come?which molecule does the oxygen come?

A. ATPA. ATP

B. waterB. water

C. glucoseC. glucose

D. carbon dioxideD. carbon dioxide

14.414.4

Which statement describes how oxygen can enter Which statement describes how oxygen can enter the atmosphere?the atmosphere?A. Oxygen is released from water through A. Oxygen is released from water through respiration by heterotrophs.respiration by heterotrophs.B. Oxygen is released from water through B. Oxygen is released from water through photosynthesis by autotrophs.photosynthesis by autotrophs.C. Oxygen is released from glucose through C. Oxygen is released from glucose through respiration by autotrophs.respiration by autotrophs.D. Oxygen is released from glucose through D. Oxygen is released from glucose through photosynthesis by heterotrophs.photosynthesis by heterotrophs.

14.514.5

Study the diagram.Study the diagram.

What is missing from the nitrogen cycle?What is missing from the nitrogen cycle?A. airA. airB. rocksB. rocksC. virusesC. virusesD. bacteriaD. bacteria

14.614.6

When coal is burned, sulfur dioxide (SOWhen coal is burned, sulfur dioxide (SO22) gas ) gas

combines with water vapor to produce acid combines with water vapor to produce acid rain. Which model traces the path of the rain. Which model traces the path of the water vapor?water vapor?

A. A. water vapor condensation precipitationwater vapor condensation precipitation

B. Water vapor precipitation condensationB. Water vapor precipitation condensation

C. Water vapor evaporation precipitationC. Water vapor evaporation precipitation

D. Water vapor precipitation evaporationD. Water vapor precipitation evaporation

14.714.7

Which sequence is part of the carbon cycle?Which sequence is part of the carbon cycle?AA. . transpiration evaporation condensation precipitationtranspiration evaporation condensation precipitation

B. respiration photosynthesis organic decay coal formationB. respiration photosynthesis organic decay coal formation

C. combustion evaporation respiration condensationC. combustion evaporation respiration condensation

D. decomposition infiltration plant uptake consumptionD. decomposition infiltration plant uptake consumption

14.814.8

Study the diagramStudy the diagram

Which element moves through ALL parts of this Which element moves through ALL parts of this cycle?cycle?A. carbonA. carbon C. oxygenC. oxygenB. nitrogenB. nitrogen D. phosphorousD. phosphorous

14.914.9

Study the diagram.Study the diagram.

Which numbers in the diagram represent the movement of water vapor?Which numbers in the diagram represent the movement of water vapor?A. 1 and 2A. 1 and 2B. 1 and 3B. 1 and 3C. 2 and 4C. 2 and 4D. 3 and 4D. 3 and 4

14.1014.10

Which nitrogen compound is considered to be Which nitrogen compound is considered to be a pollutant released in jet exhaust?a pollutant released in jet exhaust?

A. nitrogen gas (NA. nitrogen gas (N22))

B. nitrate (NOB. nitrate (NO33--))

C. ammonia (NHC. ammonia (NH44))

D. nitrogen oxide (N0D. nitrogen oxide (N022))

14.1114.11

Study the water cycleStudy the water cycle

Which process in the water cycle is represented by Which process in the water cycle is represented by the X?the X?

A. infiltrationA. infiltration C. freshwater storageC. freshwater storage

B. condensationB. condensation D. groundwater dischargeD. groundwater discharge

14.1214.12

Study the carbon cycle:Study the carbon cycle:

Which arrow represents the release of carbon dioxide through Which arrow represents the release of carbon dioxide through combustion?combustion?A. arrow 1A. arrow 1B. arrow 2B. arrow 2C. arrow 3C. arrow 3D. arrow 4D. arrow 4

14.1314.13

Study the table below. Which student Study the table below. Which student correctly identifies processes in the oxygen correctly identifies processes in the oxygen cycle?cycle?

A. student 1A. student 1

B. student 2B. student 2

C. student 3C. student 3

D. student 4D. student 4

15.115.1

Which of the following biomes has the lowest Which of the following biomes has the lowest annual precipitation rate?annual precipitation rate?

A. taigaA. taiga

B. tundraB. tundra

C. deciduous forestC. deciduous forest

D. temperate grasslandD. temperate grassland

15.215.2

Which biome has mostly shallow-rooted, low Which biome has mostly shallow-rooted, low growing plants that can reproduce by growing plants that can reproduce by budding and division rather than by budding and division rather than by flowering?flowering?

A. taigaA. taiga

B. tundraB. tundra

C. grasslandC. grassland

D. rainforestD. rainforest

15.315.3

Which two biomes have the MOST stable Which two biomes have the MOST stable average daily temperature over a long average daily temperature over a long period of time?period of time?

A. tundra and taigaA. tundra and taiga

B. rainforest and desertB. rainforest and desert

C. marine and freshwaterC. marine and freshwater

D. grassland and deciduous forestD. grassland and deciduous forest

15.415.4

Which statement describes grassland soils?Which statement describes grassland soils?A. They have a low level of nutrients and a A. They have a low level of nutrients and a dry, dry, thin layer of topsoil.thin layer of topsoil.B. They have a low level of nutrients and an B. They have a low level of nutrients and an

acidic, thick layer of topsoil.acidic, thick layer of topsoil.C. They have a moderate level of nutrients C. They have a moderate level of nutrients

and and a moist, thin layer of topsoil.a moist, thin layer of topsoil.D. They have a high level of nutrients and a D. They have a high level of nutrients and a

dark, thick layer of topsoil.dark, thick layer of topsoil.

15.515.5

Students obtained local monthly average precipitation and Students obtained local monthly average precipitation and temperature data from the National Weather Service. temperature data from the National Weather Service. Based on these data, in which biome do these students Based on these data, in which biome do these students live?live?

A. taigaA. taiga C. grasslandC. grasslandB. desertB. desert D. rainforestD. rainforest

15.615.6

Which student correctly compared the Which student correctly compared the Antarctic desert and Arctic tundra biome Antarctic desert and Arctic tundra biome characteristics?characteristics?

A. student 1A. student 1

B. student 2B. student 2

C. student 3C. student 3

D. student 4D. student 4

15.715.7

Which plant and animal types are characteristic of the taiga Which plant and animal types are characteristic of the taiga biome?biome?

A. plant type 1 and animal type 2A. plant type 1 and animal type 2B. plant type 2 and animal type 3B. plant type 2 and animal type 3C. plant type 3 and animal type 4C. plant type 3 and animal type 4D. plant type 4 and animal type 1D. plant type 4 and animal type 1

15.815.8

Study the diagramStudy the diagram

Which aquatic environment contains organisms that thrive in Which aquatic environment contains organisms that thrive in water with varying salt concentrations?water with varying salt concentrations?

A. riverA. river C. deep oceanC. deep ocean

B. estuaryB. estuary D. glacial lakeD. glacial lake

15.915.9

15.1015.10

Study the list Study the list

Which biome is described by the characteristics included in Which biome is described by the characteristics included in the list?the list?A. taigaA. taigaB. desertB. desertC. tundraC. tundraD. grasslandD. grassland

15.1115.11

Study the listStudy the list

Which biome do these factors BEST describe?Which biome do these factors BEST describe?A. semi-arid desertA. semi-arid desertB. deciduous forestB. deciduous forestC. tropical rainforestC. tropical rainforestD. temperate grasslandD. temperate grassland

16.116.1

Which situation is caused by a density-dependent Which situation is caused by a density-dependent limiting factor?limiting factor?A. The influenza outbreak of 1918-1919 killed A. The influenza outbreak of 1918-1919 killed

over 20 million peopleover 20 million peopleB. The cones of the jack pine need heat from a B. The cones of the jack pine need heat from a

fire to help release seeds.fire to help release seeds.C. A parasite alters reproduction in a C. A parasite alters reproduction in a woodpecker population causing fewer births.woodpecker population causing fewer births.D. A queen bee regulates the number of eggs D. A queen bee regulates the number of eggs

she lays according to the amount of food she lays according to the amount of food available.available.

16.216.2

Which limiting factor is density-independent Which limiting factor is density-independent for rainbow trout?for rainbow trout?

A. size of the streamA. size of the stream

B. spread of parasitesB. spread of parasites

C. competition for foodC. competition for food

D. supply of dissolved oxygenD. supply of dissolved oxygen

16.316.3

Which statement BEST describes the relationship between Which statement BEST describes the relationship between natural disasters or human-caused disasters and natural disasters or human-caused disasters and population size?population size?A. Natural and human-caused disasters are density-A. Natural and human-caused disasters are density-dependent factors.dependent factors.B. Natural and human-caused disasters are density-B. Natural and human-caused disasters are density-independent factors.independent factors.C. Human-caused disasters are density-independent C. Human-caused disasters are density-independent whereas natural disasters are density-dependent.whereas natural disasters are density-dependent.D. Human-caused disasters are density-dependent D. Human-caused disasters are density-dependent whereas natural disasters are density-independent.whereas natural disasters are density-independent.

16.416.4

Which relationship BEST identifies a density-Which relationship BEST identifies a density-dependent limiting factor?dependent limiting factor?

A. A bobcat population declines due to disease.A. A bobcat population declines due to disease.

B. A fish population declines due to a severe B. A fish population declines due to a severe drought.drought.

C. A bird population declines due to pollution.C. A bird population declines due to pollution.

D. A wolf population declines due to a cold D. A wolf population declines due to a cold winter.winter.

16.516.5

16.616.6

16.716.7

Which type management wouldWhich type management wouldprovide the BEST short-termprovide the BEST short-termcontrol of giant salvinia?control of giant salvinia?A. Add more fish to lakes containing giant salvinia.A. Add more fish to lakes containing giant salvinia.B. Educate people about how fast giant salvinia reproduce.B. Educate people about how fast giant salvinia reproduce.D. Introduce new plant species into areas where giant salvinia is D. Introduce new plant species into areas where giant salvinia is

spreading.spreading.D. Clean propellers before moving boats from a lake containing giant D. Clean propellers before moving boats from a lake containing giant

salvinia.salvinia.

16.816.8

Study the table below. Which student identified only Study the table below. Which student identified only density-independent limiting factors?density-independent limiting factors?

A. student 1A. student 1 C. student 3C. student 3B. student 2B. student 2 D. student 4D. student 4

16.916.9

Which statement BEST explains why a disease may affect one population Which statement BEST explains why a disease may affect one population more than another population?more than another population?

A. Because disease is a density-dependent limiting factor, a larger A. Because disease is a density-dependent limiting factor, a larger population makes it easier for the virus to spread from person to population makes it easier for the virus to spread from person to person.person.

B. Because disease is a density-independent limiting factor, a larger B. Because disease is a density-independent limiting factor, a larger population makes it easier for the virus to spread from person to population makes it easier for the virus to spread from person to person.person.

C. Because disease is a density-dependent limiting factor, climate can C. Because disease is a density-dependent limiting factor, climate can influence the disease, making it more or less affective.influence the disease, making it more or less affective.

D. Because disease is a density-independent limiting factor, climate can D. Because disease is a density-independent limiting factor, climate can influence the disease, making it more or less affective.influence the disease, making it more or less affective.