A_Handbook_to-Quantitative Techniques

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PCTE GROUP OF INSTITUTES

A HANDBOOK TO -QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES

March 2011

CODE: PGM 303


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QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES

2011

CONTENTS

Particulars PageCourse Instructor 2Course Objectives 2Development of Skills 2Pedagogy 3Student Effort 4

Formative Assessment 4Summative Assessment 4Assessment Parameters 5Help from Teacher 5Syllabus 5Textbooks 6Lecture Schedule 6

Student-Centred Learning 7

NOTE: This handbook is intended for guidance of studentstaking PGDM in 2010. The details of this handbookrepresent course instructors intentions at the time ofwriting, but it is possible that some course moduleinformation e.g. lecture topics and assignments may be

modified at the time of teaching the subject. Teacherreserves the right to make such minor changes in thematters covered by this publication and will inform anysuch change(s) at the earliest possible.

QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES

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2011

COURSE INSTRUCTOR:Navin ChandraTel: 0161-2888515

Mobile: 09876170878

E-mail: [email protected]

COURSE OBJECTIVES:This course aims to introduce the basic concepts to

the students so that they should know how to usevarious quantitative techniques in decision making.

It will help the students to have a sound foundation

in use of statistics in their business or profession.

After going through the subject the students should have:

a) Knowledge of measures of central tendency anddispersion;

b) Understanding of measures of Correlation;c) Knowledge and understanding of Regression

Techniques;d) Knowledge and use of Techniques of Time Series

Analysis;e) Knowledge and use of Probability & Probability

Distributions.

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mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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DEVELOPMENT OF VARIOUS IMPORTANT SKILLS:This subject aims to provide you an opportunity to develop

the various skills as follows:1. Initiative Skills - This can be developed by searching

relevant literature and information while preparing forthe workshops, case discussion and presentation.

2. Communication Skills (WRITTEN) - This can be developed

by completing Workshop assignments beforeworkshops, by preparing for class presentation, casediscussion and for Summative assessment.

3. Communication Skills (ORAL) This can be developed bytaking part in presentation, case discussion and bydiscussing prepared materials in workshops with boththe Workshop leader and other students in the group.The students can use e-mail to communicate with otherstudents and Workshop leader.

4. Numerical Data Handling Skills - This can be developed byapplying mathematical and statistical techniques toanswer various questions in workshops, solving casesand examinations.

5. Computer Skills - This can be developed by usingcomputer for Accounting Software, using internet forgathering data for presentation as well as for the coursetopics, using e-mail to communicate with students.

6. Presentation Skills This can be developed by

participating in class presentation, case discussion,workshop discussion and giving the answers ofquestions to other students.

7. Analytical Skills - This can be developed by understandingand applying the various analytical skills and alsomanipulating these concepts of Cost and ManagementAccounting, while giving answers to questions anddiscussing these in presentation, case discussion andworkshops.

8. Time Management Skills This can be developed by

preparing for class presentation and workshops;submitting the assignments with in time; readingrelevant materials, solving the illustrations andunsolved sums in the text book before as well as afterthe lectures and preparing for examinations.

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PEDAGOGY:The course will be delivered with the help of a mixture of

lectures, workshops, case discussion and presentationas follows:

Particulars

Number Duration

Lectures 30 1 hourWorkshops 3 1 hourCaseDiscussion

2 1 hour

Workshops provide knowledge and encourageindependent study among the students. The students areexpected to take active part in the workshops. All of thestudents are required to prepare answers to the exercisesset for each Workshop in advance. They should be ready to

discuss various issues in the workshops. The exercises givenat the end of each Chapter in the textbook for the course(see under Textbooks). Any student attending theWorkshops without preparation and participation will betreated as absent from Workshop. The students will bedivided into different groups. The students must attend theworkshop for the allocated Group. Attendance at workshopswill be taken and absence will lead to negative internalassessment. Only attending the workshop, without having

solving the sums, will also not serve the purpose and will berecorded as absence. The students should confirm aboutworkshop groups they have been allocated to and thetimings of the workshop.

Case discussion provides a chance to improve theanalytical and communication skills among the students.Case as a pedagogy can be termed as simulation techniqueof solving various problems. The case studies will be given inadvance to the students. The students are expected to comewell prepared after going through these and there will bediscussion in the class among the students. The teacher willonly observe the proceedings and will see whether thediscussion is going in right direction or not. The students nottaking part in case discussion will be awarded negativeassessment.

STUDENT EFFORT:

The students are expected to undertake reading and learning

by solving the examples as well as unsolved sums given in the textbook and

such further reading as of their interests. This course is one out of seven5


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courses of 3rd Trimester of PGDM so the students should spend one-seventh

of time on this course. It is possible that there may be some weeks when the

student spends more time on one course in comparison of others but on

average one-seventh of the time should be spent on this course.

FORMATIVE ASSESSMENTS:The aim of the formative assessment is to help the

students, in an organised manner, to understand thetopics and their uses, to consolidate their knowledgeand point out any weakness in their understanding ofthe subject.

The formative assessments will be by means of tests. Therewill be two tests on Quantitative Techniques.

SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT:This course is assessed by means of an examination at the

end of trimester on scheduled day from 16th

to 31st

May,2011. The questions will be asked from the whole syllabusand the students are expected to have good knowledge ofthe subject till that time.

ASSESSMENT PARAMETERS:Students performance in the formative and summative

assessments for the course will be judged as per thefollowing parameters:

Knowledge and understanding of concepts

Ability to grasp knowledge from other sources

Method and clarity of arguments and presentationtechnique

Analytical and interpretation skills

Critical Evaluation skills

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HELP FROM TEACHER:The ultimate responsibility for the success of the

course is on the course instructor. The students arealways welcome to talk to the course instructorwhenever they wish to discuss any aspect of thecourse. It is recommended to take prior appointment(for quality discussion) on phone or in person or by e-

mail. Remember! Even a small misunderstanding of theconcept can lead to a big problem if it is not dealt within time. It is my duty to help the students in learningand be successful in this course. The students can givecomments and suggestions on how to improve thecourse at any time during the period.

SYLLABUS:1) Measures of Central Tendency (A. Mean, Median, Mode,

Quartiles)2) Measures of Dispersion (Range, Quartile, Mean & Std.

Deviation)3) Correlation Analysis (Karl Pearsons and Spearmans)4) Regression Analysis (Least square & Regression Co-eff.

Methods)5) Time Series Analysis (Trend Analysis only)6) Index Numbers (Simple & Weighted Aggregative & AvgMethods)

7) Probability (Priori & Posterior Probabilities)8) Probability Distributions (Binomial, Poisson and Normal)

TEXT BOOK:Title of Book Author(s) Publishing

HousePrint

BusinessStatistics

Naval Bajpai PearsonEducatio

n

2010

LECTURE SCHEDULELectur

eNumb

er

TOPIC

1-2 a) Introduction to subject- Handbook

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b) Origin & Need of Statistics, Types of Data3-6 Measures of Central Tendency:

a) Arithmetic Mean;

b) Median;

c) Mode;

d) Quartiles.7-11 Measures of Dispersion:

a) Range & its Co-efficient;b) Quartile Deviation & its Co-efficient;

c) Mean Deviation & its Co-efficient;

d) Standard Deviation & its Co-efficient.12-15 Correlation:

a) Karl Pearsons Co-efficient of Correlation;b) Spearmans Co-efficient of Correlation;

c) Standard Error & Probable Error;16-19 Time Series Analysis: Trend Analysis:

a)Semi Average Method;

b) Moving Average Method;c) Least Square Method.

20-24 Regression Analysis:

a) Least Square Method;b) Regression Co-efficient Method.

25-30 Probability & Probability Distributions:

a) Priori & Posterior Probability;

b) Binomial Distribution;

c) Poisson Distribution;d) Normal Distribution;

REQUIRED READING:The course instructor expects that the students

have gone through each topic from the text book beforeeach lecture. It is possible that some topics may becovered by a number of lectures. Some of thematerialwhichis covered during lectures may not bein the text book. For such lectures, you should look atreference books listed in further reading or elsewherefrom the internet.

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STUDENT- CENTRED LEARNING:Students are expected to do self-study by going through the

chapters to be covered in lectures, by solving examplesand unsolved sums in the textbook, by preparing forthe workshops and by getting prepared for attemptingformative assessments. After doing all the smart workand preparing for and actively participating in the

workshops the students will be able understandaccounting in a right manner.

The students can enhance their learning experience by:a) Reading the topic before the lecture from the text book.This should be followed by additional reading from referencebooks and further reading in the textbook.b) Working through all activities and Review questionsincluded in the appropriate reading outlined.c) Attending all the lectures scheduled for the course and

making such notes, as the students feel appropriate, at thelecture.d) Doing independently the work assigned for eachWorkshop.e) Attending all the workshops and actively participatingthere by putting forward methods or process or results orviews and learning from the views put forward by others.

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