Agronomic Performance of Some Exotic Tobacco Cultivars Under …€¦ · Country 2 C1 & 2 Country 3...
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Agronomic Performance of Some Exotic Tobacco Cultivars Under the Zimbabwean Environmental Conditions R. T. Ruzane , F. Magama, S. Banana and S. Dimbi CORESTA CONFRENCE 2019 TOBACCO RESEARCH BOARD KUTSAGA 2019_AP31_Ruzane.pdf AP2019 - Document not peer-reviewed by CORESTA
Transcript of Agronomic Performance of Some Exotic Tobacco Cultivars Under …€¦ · Country 2 C1 & 2 Country 3...
Agronomic Performance of Some
Exotic Tobacco Cultivars Under
the Zimbabwean Environmental
Conditions
R. T. Ruzane, F. Magama, S. Banana
and S. Dimbi
CORESTA CONFRENCE 2019
TOBACCO RESEARCH BOARD
KUTSAGA
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Presentation Outline
o Background
oMaterials and Methods
o Results
oConclusion
oAcknowledgements
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Background
o Cultivars play an important role in tobacco
production.
o Agronomic attributes of a cultivar are very
important to farmers and merchants
o Growers continuously demand new varieties
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Background
o Plant breeders to make sure that new
varieties are available to growers
o it’s important to assess the progress of local
breeding efforts relative to achievements
made by other breeders in order to identify
gaps in variety development.
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Objective
o To compare the
agronomic performance
of local and some exotic
tobacco cultivars under
the Zimbabwean
environmental
conditions
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Materials and Methods
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Research Site
o Kutsaga Research Station
o Located 16 Km South East of the CBD
o Longitude 310 13’ E, Latitude 170 91’ S
o Altitude of 1 480 m
oGranite sands
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Cultivars
o 18 varieties used
in trial ( 5 Countries)
o – Tested for 3 seasons
o Rain fed conditions
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Cultivars
Origin Code
Country 1 B1-B6
Country 2 C1 & 2
Country 3 Q1 & 2
Country 4 G1-3
Zimbabwe K RK26, K RK64, K RK66, K RK71, K RK72
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Design
o Experimental design
Randomised
complete block
design (RCBD) with 18
treatments in 3 blocks
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Cultural Practices
o Lands - early
ploughed (January
to end of March)
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Cultural Practices
o Fumigation done
prior
o Two supplementary
nematicides at
planting and at 6
weeks after planting
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Cultural Practices
o Compound C
(6:8:17) and
Ammonium Nitrate
fertilizers applied
(Rates based on soil
fertility tests)
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Cultural Practices
o Special emphasis on
CPAs
o All recommended
applied as
preventatives for foliar
diseases
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Measurements
o Yield
✓Leaf expansion
✓Stalk height
✓Yield data (kg/ha)
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Measurements
oQuality
✓Grade Index
✓Curing style
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Measurements
✓Season Quality
✓Root knot
damage
✓Leaf diseases
✓General
appearance
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Data analysis
o Data subjected to ANOVA
oGenStat 18th edition (2016, VSN
International) used
o Treatment means separated using the least
significance difference (LSD) at P<0.05
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Results
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Quality of Season 1
0
5
10
15
20
25
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr
Tem
p º
C
Ra
infa
ll (
mm
)
Month
Rainfall = 694.73 mm
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Quality of Season 2
0
5
10
15
20
25
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr
Tem
p º
C
Ra
infa
ll (
mm
)
Month
Rainfall = 1093.76 mm
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Quality of Season 3
0
5
10
15
20
25
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr
Tem
p º
C
Ra
infa
ll (
mm
)
Month
Rainfall = 673.07 mm
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Leaf expansion (largest leaf)
0
15
30
45
60
Lea
f Ex
pa
nsi
on
Cntry 2 Zimbabwe Cntry 4Cntry 1 Cntry 3
F-prob = <0.001
o Zim varieties generally had a larger leaf
o Country 3 varieties generally had a smaller leaf
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Leaf expansion (Penultimate)
0
15
30
45
60
Lea
f Ex
pa
nsi
on
Cntry 1 Cntry 2 Zimbabwe Cntry 3 Cntry 4
F-prob = 0.028
o B6, K RK64 & K RK72 had the highest geomean
o Country 3 varieties had the lowest geomean
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Stalk height (cm)
0
30
60
90
He
igh
t (c
m)
Cntry 1 Cntry 2 Zimbabwe Cntry 3 Cntry 4
F-prob = <0.001
o Country 1 & 3 varieties were short and compact
o Zim & Country 4 varieties were amongst the tallest
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0
6
31
4 5 7
2
Gall-rating scale
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0
6
31
4 5 7
2
8
Gall-rating scale
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RKN Evaluation
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Sc
ore
(0
-8)
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Yield (Kg/ha)
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
Tota
l M
ass
(K
g/h
a)
Cntry 1 Cntry 2 Zimbabwe Cntry 3 Cntry 4
F-prob = 0.634
o K RK64, K RK66 and K RK71 had the best yield
o Yield ranged from 2585 – 3582 kg/ha
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Grade Index
0
15
30
45
60
75
Gra
de
in
de
x (
%)
Cntry 1 Cntry 2 Zimbabwe Cntry 3 Cntry 4
F-prob = 0.292
o All varieties had an acceptable grade index
(GI) of above 50%
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Curing Style
0
25
50
75
100
Pe
rce
nt
(%) Other Grades
orange
Lemon
Pale lemon
Cntry 1 Cntry 2 Zimbabwe Cntry 3 Cntry 4
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Curing Style
0
25
50
75
100
Pe
rce
nt
(%) Other Grades
orange
Lemon
Pale lemon
Cntry 1 Cntry 2 Zimbabwe Cntry 3 Cntry 4
o Exotic cultivars produced a higher proportion
of pale lemon styles
o Zim varieties had more lemon – orange styles
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Summary
o For leaf measurements, the Zim varieties
proved to be superior than some exotic
cultivars
oGenerally all varieties had acceptable yield
with K RK64, K RK66 and K RK71 being the
best variety
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Summary
oGrade index was statistically similar for all
cultivars
o Exotic cultivars succumbed to RKN
challenge
o Exotic cultivars produced a large proportion
of pale lemon styles while Zim cultivars had
predominantly lemon/orange styles
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Discussion
o Varieties are bred for specific environments
o Convergence of agronomic selection
parameters
o Performance of exotic cultivars are affected
in the absence of CPAs liberally applied
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Conclusions
o The Zimbabwean breeding programme is
highly robust
o Local varieties are more adapted to local
conditions
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Acknowledgements
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THANK YOU
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