Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels &...
Transcript of Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels &...
![Page 1: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications
Kenny Corscadden Ph.D P.EngIndustry Research Chair
Farm Energy Conservation
Nova Scotia Energy R&D Forum 2012 16th & 17th May
![Page 2: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Overview• Impact of fuel design on agricultural energy• Challenges• Opportunities• Markets• Pilot Studies – Fuel design, performance and
emissions(1) Briquette(2) Pellet
• Conclusions
![Page 3: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Definitions & ChallengesAgricultural (Herbaceous) biomass
• Waste Streams• Surplus or generic crops• Purpose grown energy crops
ChallengesCombustion IssuesLack of existing marketLack of supply chain
![Page 4: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Current ChallengesCombustion properties
• High Ash and Mineral Content• Clinkers / Agglomerations• Frequent Ash removal• Emissions / Corrosion
![Page 5: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Opportunities: Land Availability
Source: Statistics Canada, Census of Agriculture
![Page 6: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Opportunities: Residue Availability
Source: Agricultural Biomass Residue Inventories and Conversion systems For Energy Production in Eastern Canada
![Page 7: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Opportunities: MarketsPotential Markets
Co Fire Utility Scale X
Commercial Pellet
Residential Stove/Pellet
On Farm Bale/Pellet
Fuel Quality & Cost
![Page 8: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Fuel Quality
![Page 9: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Established Markets
Fuel: Cost
Processing
Commercial
Residential
On Farm
MARKETS
A B
![Page 10: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Cost: Added Value
FarmYield t/acre
$/t
Conversion$/t
Pellet / Briquette
$/km Distribution & Sales
$/lb or $/GJ
$/km
1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment of Business Case For Purpose-Grown Biomass in Ontario
1$104.4/t $148.7/t
100 km$29.17/t Pellet $38.88/t
150,000 t/yr
Yield 3t/acre50,000 acre /yr
Gross Margin= $262/acre/yrNet Margin = $100/acre/yr
- Distribution and sales
Scale of operations in Nova Scotia
![Page 11: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Increase Yield
Components
HerbaceousBiomass
Pre Processing
Grinding
LeachingDrying
MixingHybrid Conversion Testing
CombustionPellet / Briquette
EmissionsFlue GasParticulate
![Page 12: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Supply Chain Development• Research Objectives: Pilot Scale Study Pre Processing and
Hybrid development of Pellets and Briquettes
– Conversion of commercial briquettes and pellets with grass and hybrid fuels – Feedstocks
– Identify costs as a function of production scale, processing technique and materials – Processing
– Evaluation of properties, combustion, temperatures and emissions
Preliminary Results
![Page 13: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Evaluating Potential Use of Agricultural Biomass
• Pilot Scale Study •• Overwintering (leaching)
• Combining with wood
• Removing leaves
• Additives?
![Page 14: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Barley Straw
![Page 15: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Processing: Hammer Mill
![Page 16: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Processed Hay
![Page 17: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Weima America Briquette Machine
![Page 18: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Briquette Types
![Page 19: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Lawson Mills Pellet System
![Page 20: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Hay Pellets
![Page 21: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Combustion TestsFlue Gas AnalyzerDraft, O2, Temperature (Gas, Room), Excess Air,
C0, C02, N0, N0x, S02
Particulate Analyzer:
Particulate Matter
![Page 22: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Results Lab Tests
![Page 23: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Results Lab Tests
![Page 24: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Conclusions and further work• There are existing markets for agricultural biomass in
Nova Scotia• Potential to serve markets through fuel design
• Further Work:• Need to identify methods of classifying fuel quality• Establishing economic limitations
– Distance (farm – processing – market)– Feedstock Processing.
![Page 25: Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications · Agricultural Biomass: Markets, Fuels & Applications ... Briquette (2) Pellet ... 1Ontario Federation of Agriculture Assessment](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022515/5aff1df67f8b9a944d8fedbd/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Acknowledgements• Prabahar Ravichandran NSAC Graduate Student• Dr M Roy Lakehead University • Ryan MacDonell Summer Student• Jonathan Freeden Summer Student• Bill Thomas Agrapoint• Doug Burris Technician