AGED-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. (AMD)

BY: Basiru Lee LeighMentor: Dr. Lee Angioletti

Angioletti Retina Associates

The part of the eye dealing with AMD.

The RETINA: the Retina is a delicate lining in the back of the eye that creates impulses that travel through the optic nerve to the brain.

The MACULA: the part of the eye that allows you to see fine details.

• AMD is a disease associated with aging that gradually destroys the sharp central vision of the eye.

• AMD is also the leading cause of irreversible severe central visual loss.

• AMD mostly Affects adults 50 years and older in the United States.

• AMD affects the macula.

• AMD has two forms: Dry & Wet AMD.

What are the causes and symptoms of AMD.

• CAUSES: It can be cause by variety of factors like genetic, age, nutrition, smoking and sunlight exposure.

• SYMPTOMS: 1. Difficulty in reading. 2.distorted vision.

3. loss of central vision. This symptom mostly happens in the

Dry type.

Cures for Dry and Wet AMD.

• Dry AMD has no treatment, but patients are told to take vitamins and see an ophthalmologist every now and then.

• Wet AMD: 1.laser photocoagulation therapy. 2.photodynamic therapy (PDT). 3. injection of Anti-VEGF (Lucentis, Avastin, kenalog, etc)

• It’s when cells and blood vessels beneath the macula break down and cause deposits in the eye.

• In the United States about 90% of the patients with AMD have the Dry type.

• It causes only 10% vision loss in the patients with Dry AMD.

• Wet AMD happen when abnormal blood vessel growth forms beneath the Macula.

• Only 10% of the patients with AMD have the Wet type in the Untied States.

• It also causes 90% of the vision loss in the patients.

OBJECTIVE

• To see if vitamins can reduce the risk of severe vision loss.

• To combine two treatments for Wet AMD and see the results.

MATERIALS

1. DRY AMD. .Took pictures of their eyes. . They were told to take vitamins containing Zinc (80mg), copper (2mg),

vitamins A,C and E. And to see the ophthalmologist on regular bases. 2. WET AMD. . Took pictures of the eye. . Dilate the eyes. . Then injected with Lucentis or Kenlog, followed up by PDT, or some times PDT by itself. .There eyes are later washed with an iodine solution. . Patients were told to come back every three months for more injection if the eye get worst.

PATIENT’S TREATMENT

• This patients AMD wasn’t that severe so the patients was told to take small amounts of vitamins.

• The patients also had to come to see the Doctor every six months.

PATIENTS TREATMENT.

• The patient with the Wet AMD was severe and it was untreated for a while, the patient could have gone legally blind if the eye wasn’t treated, although the OD (Rigth eye) couldn’t see.

• The patient was injected with Lucentis (0.5mg) and giving PDT.

• He was released and told to come back in three month.

Expected Results

• Dry AMD: Hope that the dry type doesn't

develop into a wet type, or to lose most of his/her vision.

Wet Type: We expected the Kenalog plus

the PDT would lessen the amount swelling and coagulate abnormal blood vessels.

REFERENCEShttp://www.gene.com/gene/news//press- releases/display.do?method=detail&id=9147

http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/maculardegen/armd-facts.asp#1a

http://www.macular-degenation.org/

Veteporfin in photodynamic therapy study group: by AM J> Ophthamol

Hardy RA (2004). Retina. In D Vaughan et al., eds., General Ophthalmology, 16th ed., pp. 189–211.

New York: Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill.

http://www.stlukeseye.com/conditions/maculardegeration.asp.

http://www.amd.org

http://alconlabs.com/us/eo/conditions/AMD/causesAMD.jhtml

Acknowledgements

• Dr. Lee Angioletti

• Dr. sat

• Harlem children society

• MSKCC