Age of Exploration and Colonization AP World History Mr. Charnley.
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Transcript of Age of Exploration and Colonization AP World History Mr. Charnley.
Age of Exploration and
ColonizationAP World History
Mr. Charnley
Age of Exploration European Interest
Crusades
Mongol Empire
Ottoman Empire
Italian City-States
Silk Roads and Indian Ocean Trade
Early Efforts
10th century
Vikings
Abandoned due to hostility of native tribes
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9YqehGlg6m8
Age of Exploration European disadvantages
Ottoman Empire
Inferior technology
Lack of funding
Few high-demand domestic products
Rise of Europe Chinese technology
European metalworking
Cartography
Portuguese Exploration
Portugal Henry the Navigator
Academy for exploration
Gathered team of experts
Sponsored voyages to Africa
Bartholomieu Dias
1488
Cape of Good Hope
Vasco da Gamma
1498
reached India
inferior trade goods
Clashed with Muslim merchants and local Indians
India, China, Africa, Japan, Brazil
Spanish Exploration
Spain Reconquista
(1492)
Ferdinand and Isabella
Christopher Columbus 1492-1496
Sailed west to reach India and China
Mistook Caribbean Islands for East Asia
Spanish Exploration Amerigo Vespucci
1497-1504
Proved Americas were a separate land mass from Asia
Spanish Exploration
Vasco de Balboa 1510-1513
First European to reach Pacific Ocean
“South Sea”
Spanish Exploration Conquest of Mexico
1518 -20
Hernan Cortes
Defeated Aztec Empire
Spanish Exploration Ferdinand
Magellan (1519-1521) Portuguese
Straits of Magellan (Cape Horn of South America)
Crew completed first Circumnavigation of the earth
Spanish Exploration Juan Ponce De
Leon 1493: member
of Columbus’s second voyage
Expedition to Florida (1513)
Searching for Fountain of Youth
Spanish Exploration Conquest of South
America 1532
Francisco Pizarro
Conquered Incan Empire
Spanish Exploration
Hernando De Soto 1533: participated in
Spanish conquest of Incan Empire
1539 – 1543 led expeditions in southern area of present-day US
First European to cross Mississippi River
Age of Exploration
Northern Europe 17th century Religious motives
Political climate
Improved naval technology
‘Northwest Passage’
French Exploration France
Reached Canada (1534)
Canada, Great Lakes, Mississippi River Valley
Jacques Cartier
1534 - 1542
St. Lawrence River
Samuel de Champlain
1603 - 1620
Lake Champlain
Great Lakes
Quebec
New France
English Exploration
Northwest Passage John Cabot
(1497) = Newfoundland
Henry Hudson (1607 – 08, 1610 - 11) = Hudson’s Bay, Hudson River
English Exploration
Sir Walter Raleigh Sponsored voyages
and colonial expeditions to North America
Colony at Roanoke Island 1585-1590 Ultimately failed Settlers disappeared
Executed in 1618 for violating truce with Spanish
English Exploration
Sir Francis Drake English privateer
Raided Spanish fleets and colonies
1579 circumnavigated the earth
1585-86 led expeditions to Roanoke Island Colony
Age of Exploration
Netherlands Independence from
Spanish Habsburgs (17th century)
Southeast Asia, Indonesia, Australia, Africa
Englishman Henry Hudson claimed present-day New York area for Dutch
Age of Exploration
Financing Joint-stock
companies Dutch East India
Company = China
British East India Company = India
monopoly
Age of Exploration
The Columbian Exchange
Disease
Agriculture
Livestock
European Commercialism
Battle of Lepanto (1571): Europeans became dominant naval power
Europeans set up coastal trading posts in Africa and Asia