CHAPTER 2

Age of Exploration

PLEASE WRITE & ANSWER THE FOLLOWING IN YOUR NB

1. What motivated explorers? 2. What obstacle's did they face? 3. What is the Columbian exchange? 4. What was the impact on Europe?

WHAT MOTIVATED EXPLORERS?

The 3 G’s are: Gold-economic factors God-religion Glory-competition

WHAT OBSTACLES DID THEY FACE?

Poor maps Disease Starvation Fear of the unknown Lack of adequate supplies

WHAT IS THE COLOMBIAN EXCHANGE? The great exchange between the Western and the Eastern

Hemisphere. It changed both economy and culture of worlds. It was the transfer of people, products, and ideas between

the hemispheres after 1492. Many changes were positive-On Columbus’s second voyage

in 1493 he brought to the new world- horses, dogs, pigs, cattle, chickens, sheep, and goats. When the explorers brought the new animals across the ocean it introduced a whole new means of transportation, a new labor form, and a new food source.

Also introduced Oats, wheat, Negative effects were germs to which Native Americans had

no immunity, smallpox, chickenpox, measles, influenza and malaria that killed Native Americans by the thousands

COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE---- SUGARCANE Columbus introduced sugarcane in his second

voyage to the Americas. The production flourished in the New World under

the plantation system. It had difficulty growing in the Old World.

Plantations developed in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Jamaica. Eventually, the southeastern colonies of North America began planting sugarcane as well.

Produced at a large scale. Used in coffee, tea, chocolate, and rum, people became addicted to sugar.

making it one of the largest cash crops in history.

IMPACT ON EUROPE FROM THE AMERICA’S Americans introduced the following to the Old world: Llamas, turkeys, squirrels, muskrats to the rest of the

world. Corn, Potato, Sweet Potato, Tomato, Chilis, Peanuts Potatoes and maize (corn) gave poorer populations

inexpensive, easy-to-grow crops, which contributed to massive population growth in places like Ireland, Africa, Eastern Europe, and Asia.

Chocolate,Vanilla,Manioc,Pineapples,Strawberries, Avocados

** All of these foods turn up in African stews, Indian curries, Italian soups, and Thai sauces.

TECHNOLOGY IN THE NEW WORLD

Written alphabet-taught so Native Americans could read and write European language and to spread Christianity

Farming-introduced the plow to the new world which changed the landscape of farming

Architecture-the wheel was introduced European Architectural ingenuity helped to

build new homes, ranches, farms, ports and ships in the new world

weapons

FROM EUROPE TO THE AMERICAS

From Europe to the Americas

Bananas Barley Cabbages Carnations

Chickens Coffee Cows Crabgrass

Daffodils Daisies Dandelions Horses

Lemons Lettuce Lilacs Olives

Oranges Peaches Pears Pigs

Rice Sheep Sugarcane Tulips

Turnips Wheat

FROM AMERICA TO EUROPE

From the Americas to Europe

AvocadosBeans (kidney,

navy, lima) Bell peppers

Black-eyed Susans

Cacao (for chocolate)

Chili peppers Corn Cotton

Marigolds Papayas Peanuts Petunias

Pineapples Poinsettias Potatoes Pumpkins

Quinine Rubber Squashes Sunflowers

Sweet potatoes Tobacco Tomatoes Turkeys

Vanilla beans Zinnias

CHAPTER 2

How did the search for a water route to Asia affect both Europe and the America’s?

It bought Europeans to the America’s and led to the Colombian exchange.