Age of Absolutism
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Transcript of Age of Absolutism
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Age of Absolutism
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A system of government in which a single ruler exercises supreme power based on heredity or divine right. The right to rule passes from one
generation of the ruling family to the next
What is a monarchy?
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system of government in which the powers of the monarch are limited by the
constitution, either written or unwritten
• What is a constitutional monarchy?
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1688 C.E. after the Glorious Revolution in England
• When is the first constitutional monarchy established?
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King James II
• Who is the leader of England at the time of the Glorious Revolution?
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to set clear limits on royal power
• What is the purpose of the English Bill of Rights?
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establishing its power over the monarch
• What was the purpose of the series of laws passed by the Parliament in the aftermath of the events, which became known as the Glorious Revolution?
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In 1689 Parliament voted to offer the throne to William and Mary
• How did William and Mary access the throne?
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James fled the country
• What did James do when William and his army sailed from Holland and invaded England?
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the belief in the "Divine Rights of Kings"
• What doctrine did the English Bill of Rights end?
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he attempted to dominate the Parliament and revive the Theory of
Divine Rights of Kings
• Why can we say that James II did not learn from his father’s mistakes?
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an agreement between Parliament and the new King and Queen about
how the country should be run
• What did the English Bill of Rights represent?
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the right to bear arms for purposes of defense
• What rights did Protestants have with the English Bill of Rights?
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Act of Parliament granting freedom of worship to Nonconformists
• What is theToleration Act of 1689?
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dissenting Protestants such as Baptists and Congregationalists
• Who are Nonconformists?
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it was not violent- bloodless revolution- and it was not the middle class and lower class
who were demanding rights, but nobles and wealthy members of Parliament
• Why was the Glorious Revolution was different than both the American Revolution and the French Revolution?
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the rights and liberties that can be claimed by individuals by virtue of
being human; also called natural rights or human rights
• What is the principle of individual rights?
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Parliament invited William of Orange, the husband of James's protestant
daughter Mary, to England
• What did Parliament do after the birth of James's son to head off the possibility of a dynasty of Roman Catholic Monarchs?
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he had no idea how much his subjects valued their Protestantism and their
parliamentary rights
• Why was King James' religion a problem for members of Parliament and the people of England?
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A roman Catholic who ruled with little respect for Parliament
• What was King James II's religion and attitude towards parliament?
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Parliament was able to gain enormous power and William and Mary were able to
become King and Queen
• Why did Parliament make William and Mary sign the Bill of Rights?
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the possibility of a dynasty of Roman Catholic Monarch
• What "potential" problems did England suddenly face when James fathered a son in 1688?
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More facts about the Glorious Revolutions and Bill of Rights
• According to the English Bill of Rights, the King cannot make and suspend laws without the consent of Parliament
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More facts about the Glorious Revolutions and Bill of Rights
• According to the English Bill of Rights, the King cannot raise money without the consent of the Parliament
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More facts about the Glorious Revolutions and Bill of Rights
• According to the English Bill of Rights, the King cannot raise a standing army in time of peace without the consent of Parliament
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More facts about the Glorious Revolutions and Bill of Rights
• According to the English Bill of Rights, the King cannot prosecute people for petitioning him
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More facts about the Glorious Revolutions and Bill of Rights
• According to the English Bill of Rights, the King cannot make and suspend laws without the consent of Parliament
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More facts about the Glorious Revolutions and Bill of Rights
• The English Bill of Rights guaranteed trial by jury
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More facts about the Glorious Revolutions and Bill of Rights
• The English Bill of Rights outlawed cruel and unusual punishment
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The Toleration Act of 1689
• because of the Toleration Act of 1689 few English citizens were persecuted for religion ever again
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The Toleration Act of 1689
• +The Toleration Act of 1689 did not apply to Catholics and Unitarians, it maintained the social and political restrictions for dissenters