after 20 years

Home Unit 14 After Twenty Years

Background Information

Extended Reading

Warm-up Questions

Free Discussion

Detailed ReadingBefore Reading Global Reading After Reading


Warm-up Questions

1. Have you heard about O. Henry before?


For example, “The Cop and the Anthem”, “The Gift of the Magi”, “The Last Leaf”, etc.

2. Have you read some of his works?


Possibility 1: A couple parted because of some misunderstandings twenty years ago. Twenty years later the truth was out.Possibility 2: Two good friends met each other again twenty years after they departed. They found that great changes had occurred.

“After Twenty Years” is a title that may suggest some event that takes place twenty years after some other event.

3. Have you heard about his short story named “After Twenty Years” before?


4. What can the story be about?

5. What could such events be?


6. What do you anticipate?

A story about love, friendship, revenge, etc.



Background Information


About the author

• “Life is made of sobs, sniffles, and smiles, with sniffles predominating.”

• “A good story is like a bitter pill, with the sugar coating inside of it.”

— O. Henry



O. Henry is one of the most widely published of modern writers. He has been called “The American De Maupassant”. His works have been translated into many languages and have run into innumerable editions in his own country.

O. Henry was born William Sydney Porter in Greenboro, North Carolina. His father, Algernon Sidney Porter, was a physician. When William was three, his mother died, and he was raised by his paternal grandmother and aunt. William was an avid reader, but at the age of fifteen he left school, and then worked in a drug store and on a Texas ranch. He continued to Houston, where he had a number of jobs, including that of bank clerk.



In 1894 Porter started a humorous weekly The Rolling Stone. It was at this time that he began heavy drinking. When the weekly failed, he joined the Houston Post as a reporter and columnist.

His first work, “Whistling Dick’s Christmas Stocking” (1899), appeared in McClure’s Magazine. The stories of adventure in the U.S. Southwest and in Central America gained an immediate success among readers. After doing three years of the five years’ sentence, Porter emerged from the prison in 1901 and changed his name to O. Henry.



O. Henry moved to New York City in 1902 and from December 1903 to January 1906 he wrote a story a week for the New York World, also publishing in other magazines. Henry’s first collection, Cabbages and Kings, appeared in 1904. The second, The Four Million, was published two years later and included his well-known stories “The Gift of the Magi” and “The Furnished Room”. The Trimmed Lamp (1907) explored the lives of New Yorkers and included “The Last Leaf” — the city itself Henry liked to call “Bagdad-on-the-Subway”.



O. Henry died of cirrhosis of the liver on June 5, 1910, in New York. Three more collections, Sixes and Sevens (1911), Rolling Stones (1912) and Waifs and Strays (1917), appeared posthumously.



Extended Reading

Directions: Listen to the following information for a better understanding of the text. While listening, please fill in the blanks with the information you hear.



William Sydney Porter, who wrote under the pen name O. Henry, was born in North Carolina in . He started writing stories while in for embezzlement, a crime for which he was convicted in 1898 (it is uncertain if he actually committed the crime). His writing career was short and started late, but O. Henry proved himself a and widely read short story writer in the twelve years he devoted to the craft, and his name has become with the American short story.

His years in Texas inspired many lively Westerns, but it was City that galvanized his creative powers, and his New York stories became his claim to .

1862____prison_____

prolific______

synonymous___________

New York _________fame____

■


His known story, “The Gift of the Magi”, was written in and has become an American treasure. It is the story of a man who sells his watch to buy a set of hair combs as a Christmas present for his wife, who in the meantime has sold her luxurious locks to buy him a watch chain. “ ” is another O. Henry favorite. It is the story of a woman who falls ill with pneumonia and pronounces that she will die when the last leaf of ivy she sees outside her Greenwich Village window falls away. She hangs on with the last stubborn leaf, which gives her the resolve to recover. She eventually learns that her inspirational leaf wasn’t a leaf at all, but rather a painting


best____1905 ____

The Last Leaf____________

real ___

■



of a leaf. Her neighbor, who has always dreamed ofa masterpiece, painted it on the wall and caught pneumonia in the process.

painting_______

His work made him famous, but O. Henry was an extremely man who, sadly, preferred to spend his time and money on , and ultimately it was the bottle that did him in. He died alone and penniless in . O. Henry’s legacy and his of the short story was such that in 1918 Doubleday, in conjunction with the Society of Arts and Sciences, established the , an annual anthology of short stories, in his honor.

private______drink____

1910____popularization___________

O. Henry Awards______________

■


Free Discussion


What changes can take place in twenty years?

Open-ended question. Students are expected to discuss the changes that have occurred to themselves in the past years, such as their study, their family members, their friendship, their dreams, etc.


Part Division of the Text

Further Understanding

Skimming



Skimming

Use a few sentences to summarize the story synopsis.


One night, a policeman on the beat finds a man waiting for his friend Jimmy Wells, an appointment they had made twenty years ago. The policeman then walks away and shortly after a tall man comes to fill the appointment. However, it turns out that the tall man is a cop who has been sent by the former policeman to arrest the man waiting, and that the former policeman is Jimmy Wells, who came to meet his friend, but found that he was a wanted criminal.


Directions: Please divide the text into 6 parts and work out the main idea for each part.

Part Division of the Text


Main IdeasParts

1

2

Paras

1~2

3~6 A man in the darkened doorway of a hardware store is waiting to see a friend.

A policeman is on the beat in a street in New York at about ten o’clock at night.

3 7~17 The man tells the policeman about the appointment he made with a friend twenty years before.



Main IdeasParts

4

5

Paras

18~27

28~31 Bob is arrested by the plain-clothes man who is disguised as Jimmy Wells.

“Jimmy Wells” comes to fill the appointment with Bob — excitement and exchange of news.

6 32 Jimmy Wells’ note explains to Bob that he has identified him as the man wanted in Chicago and has asked the plain-clothes man to arrest him.


1. What kind of people were the two characters Bob and Jimmy?

Further Understanding

Bob was an ambitious man. Unsatisfied with his dull and monotonous life in New York, he started for the West to make his fortune. He was also a capable, daring and rough fellow. He entered into a fierce rivalry with other more shrewd and cunning people and tried every means to protect his large accumulation of wealth. Judging by his nickname, we can well say that he was a “dandy” or a “city slicker”. In spite of all these, he was


Comprehension Questions



devoted and faithful to his friend. He came a thousand miles to fill an appointment with a friend of his youth. Jimmy was an honest man satisfied with what he was and what he had, never thinking of leaving New York to make a fortune in the West. He was firm, dependably loyal and true to his friends. He was a man of principle. He didn’t let the man wanted by the police escape even though the man had once been his close friend.



2. Was Bob successful in his career? Why?

In terms of money, he was “successful”. He was rich and had accumulated a large fortune. He appeared to be well-dressed: his scarfpin was a large diamond, and the lids of his handsome watch were set with small diamonds. But most probably he accumulated his wealth by dishonest or even violent means.



3. Are there hints in the story to indicate that Bob was no longer a respectable man? What are they?

Yes, there are. Here are some of the indicators:1) He stood in the doorway of a darkened hardware store, with an unlighted cigar in his mouth. When the policeman walked up to him, he spoke up quickly, and explained that it was “all” straight. This showed that he had a guilty conscience.2) His scarfpin was a large diamond, oddly set, which hinted that he could be an upstart who had made his fortune by dishonest means.



3) His appearance — a square-jawed face with a scar near his right eyebrow — suggested that he had been wounded in a fight for some reason.4) He kept hustling around in the West and had to compete with some of the sharpest wits. In other words, he had to be very sharp himself. He might have got his “pile” by clever but dishonest means.



4. What is implied when the patrolman asked, “Going to call time on him sharp?”

It means, “Are you going to leave here if he doesn’t come on time?” The patrolman asked this question because he wanted to be certain how long the man would wait there and whether he would have sufficient time to ask a plain-clothes man to arrest him.



5. Why did the plain-clothes man ask “Is that you, Bob?” doubtfully?

Because he had never seen Bob before and he was not sure whether he was speaking to the right person. As he was asked to arrest the man waiting in the doorway of a hardware store, he had to make sure that he was the very person whom the police in Chicago wanted.



6. What is the implied meaning of “I was certain I’d find you here if you were still in existence”?

The surface meaning of the sentence is obvious: I was sure that I’d find you here if you were still alive. It was quite natural for Bob to hear “Jimmy” say so, and this way it would not arouse any suspicion on the part of Bob. But the plain-clothes man was asked to arrest Bob. So perhaps his implied meaning was: “So long as Bob was alive in New York, he would be found and arrested.” So what he said actually had double meanings.



7. Why did the plain-clothes man listen with interest when Bob outlined the history of his career to him?

Since Bob was the man wanted by Chicago, the plain-clothes man wanted to know what he had been doing in the past twenty years — the history of his career. What Bob said would serve as his own confession and the most effective piece of evidence at the trial. So the plain-clothes man was eager to listen.



8. Why did Bob’s hand tremble a little by the time he had finished Jimmy’s note?

It never occurred to Bob that the policeman he talked to some half an hour ago was Jimmy Wells himself and that it was Jimmy who had identified him as the man wanted by Chicago police. Bob had had great faith in Jimmy, thinking that Jimmy was a staunch friend. It was a shock to Bob that it was Jimmy who had “betrayed” him and sent a plain-clothes man to arrest him.



9. Had you been Bob, how would you have reacted to the letter?

Open-ended question.

10. If you were in Jimmy’s shoes, what would have been the best thing to do from the following points of view?

a. your career as a policeman b. your friendship with Bob c. your own conscience d. the law

Open-ended question.



Multiple Choices

1. The policeman on the beat moved up the avenue impressively. On the beat means: A

A. on the route he was ordered to patrolB. looking for wrongdoersC. on dutyD. following his usual path

_____



2. The vicinity was one that kept early hours. This sentence means: C

A. The people in the neighborhood did everything early.

B. The neighborhood preferred to stop working early.C. The shops in this neighborhood closed early.D. The shops and stores in this neighborhood did not

like to do business late at night.

_____



3. Now and then you might see the lights of a cigar store. The phrase in italics has all the following meanings except: A

A. At regular intervalsB. Every now and againC. OccasionallyD. From time to time

_____

4. I’ll explain if you’d like to make certain it’s all straight. The part in italics is closest in meaning to: D_____

A. it is honest B. it is upright C. no crime has been committed D. there is nothing illegal going on here



5. It was torn down then. The most appropriate meaning of the italic part here is: C

A. damaged to piecesB. worn outC. pulled downD. destroyed into pieces

_____

6. I was to start for the West to make my fortune. The part in italics has the closest meaning to: D_____

A. to be a fortune-tellerB. to have great wealthC. to earn a livingD. to make money


A. “You may be certain.”B. “You can be sure.”C. “You may risk money by making a bet.”D. “Certainly.”


7. … if my old partner turns up. The phrase in italics has all the following meanings except:

B

A. makes his appearanceB. moves upC. arrivesD. presents himself

_____

8. “You bet!” The sentence means all of the following except: C_____


A. to haveB. to keepC. to fixD. to make


9. I’ll be on my way. The sentence means all of the following except: B

A. I must be going.B. I must advance.C. I must leave.D. I must get going.

_____

10. … who had come a thousand miles to fill an appointment … To fill means: B_____


The policeman on the beat moved up the avenue impressively. The impressiveness was habitual and not for show, for spectators were few. The time was barely 10 o’clock at night, but chilly gusts of wind with a taste of rain in them had almost emptied the streets.

Trying doors as he went, twirling his club with many intricate and artful movements, turning now and then to cast his watchful eye down the peaceful thoroughfare, the officer, with his stalwart form and slight swagger, made a fine picture of a guardian of the peace. The vicinity was one that kept early hours. Now and then you might see the lights of a cigar store or of an all-night lunch counter; but the majority of the doors belonged to business places that had long since been closed.

After Twenty Years


by O. Henry (adapted)


When about midway of a certain block the policeman suddenly slowed his walk. In the doorway of a darkened hardware store a man leaned, with an unlighted cigar in his mouth. As the policeman walked up to him the man spoke up quickly.

“It’s all right, officer,” he said, reassuringly. “I’m just waiting for a friend. It’s an appointment made twenty years ago. Sounds a little funny to you, doesn’t it? Well, I’ll explain if you’d like to make certain it’s all straight. About that long ago there used to be a restaurant where this store stands — ‘Big Joe’ Brady’s restaurant.”

“Until five years ago,” said the policeman. “It was torn down then.”The man in the doorway struck a match and lit his cigar. The light sh

owed a pale, square-jawed face with keen eyes, and a little white scar near his right eyebrow. His scarfpin was a large diamond, oddly set.



“Twenty years ago tonight,” said the man, “I dined here at ‘Big Joe’ Brady’s with Jimmy Wells, my best chum, and the finest chap in the world. He and I were raised here in New York, just like two brothers, together. I was eighteen and Jimmy was twenty. The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune. You couldn’t have dragged Jimmy out of New York; he thought it was the only place on earth. Well, we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time, no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come. We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made, whatever they were going to be.”

“It sounds pretty interesting,” said the policeman. “Rather a long time between meets, though, it seems to me. Haven’t you heard from your friend since you left?”



“Well, yes, for a time we corresponded,” said the other. “But after a year or two we lost track of each other. You see, the West is a pretty big proposition, and I kept hustling around over it pretty lively. But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he’s alive, for he always was the truest, staunchest old chap in the world. He’ll never forget. I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight, and it’s worth it if my old partner turns up.”

The waiting man pulled out a handsome watch, the lids of it set with small diamonds.

“Three minutes to ten,” he announced. “It was exactly ten o’clock when we parted here at the restaurant door.”

“Did pretty well out West, didn’t you?” asked the policeman.



“You bet! I hoped Jimmy has done half as well. He was a kind of plodder, though, good fellow as he was. I’ve had to compete with some of the sharpest wits going to get my pile. A man gets in a groove in New York. It takes the West to put a razor-edge on him.”

The policeman twirled his club and took a step or two.“I’ll be on my way. Hope your friend comes around all right. Going

to call time on him sharp?”“I should say not!” said the other. “I’ll give him half an hour at least.

If Jimmy is alive on earth he’ll be here by that time. So long, officer.”“Good-night, sir,” said the policeman, passing on along his beat,

trying doors as he went.



There was now a fine, cold drizzle falling, and the wind had risen from its uncertain puffs into a steady blow. The few passers-by bustling about in that quarter hurried dismally and silently along with coat collars turned high and pocketed hands. And in the door of the hardware store the man who had come a thousand miles to fill an appointment, uncertain almost to absurdity, with the friend of his youth, smoked his cigar and waited.

About twenty minutes he waited, and then a tall man in a long overcoat, with collar turned up to his ears, hurried across from the opposite side of the street. He went directly to the waiting man.

“Is that you, Bob?” he asked, doubtfully.“Is that you, Jimmy Wells?” cried the man in the door.



“Bless my heart!” exclaimed the new arrival, grasping both the other’s hands with his own. “It’s Bob, sure as fate. I was certain I’d find you here if you were still in existence. Well, well! — twenty years is a long time. The old restaurant’s gone, Bob; I wish it had lasted, so we could have had another dinner there. How has the West treated you, old man?”

“Bully; it has given me everything I asked it for. You’ve changed lots, Jimmy. I never thought you were so tall by two or three inches.”

“Oh, I grew a bit after I was twenty.”“Doing well in New York, Jimmy?”“Moderately. I have a position in one of the city departments. Come

on, Bob; we’ll go around to a place I know of, and have a good long talk about old times.”



The two men started up the street, arm in arm. The man from the West, his egotism enlarged by success, was beginning to outline the history of his career. The other, submerged in his overcoat, listened with interest.

At the corner stood a drug store, brilliant with electric lights. When they came into this glare each of them turned simultaneously to gaze upon the other’s face.

The man from the West stopped suddenly and released his arm.“You’re not Jimmy Wells,” he snapped. “Twenty years is a long time,

but not long enough to change a man’s nose from a Roman to a pug.”“It sometimes changes a good man into a bad one,” said the tall man.

“You’ve been under arrest for ten minutes, ‘Silky’ Bob. Chicago thinks you may have dropped over our way and wires us she wants to have a chat with you. Going quietly, are you? That’s sensible. Now, before we go on to the station here’s a note I was asked to hand you. You may read it here at the window. It’s from Patrolman Wells!”



The man from the West unfolded the little piece of paper handed him. His hand was steady when he began to read, but it trembled a little by the time he had finished. The note was rather short.

Bob: I was at the appointed place on time. When you struck the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the man wanted in Chicago. Somehow I couldn’t do it myself, so I went around and got a plain-clothes man to do the job.


Jimmy



The policeman on the beat moved up the avenue impressively. The impressiveness was habitual and not for show, for spectators were few. The time was barely 10 o’clock at night, but chilly gusts of wind with a taste of rain in them had almost emptied the streets.

Trying doors as he went, twirling his club with many intricate and artful movements, turning now and then to cast his watchful eye down the peaceful thoroughfare, the officer, with his stalwart form and slight swagger, made a fine picture of a guardian of the peace. The vicinity was one that kept early hours. Now and then you might see the lights of a cigar store or of an all-night lunch counter; but the majority of the doors belonged to business places that had long since been closed.

After Twenty Years

by O. Henry (adapted)



When about midway of a certain block the policeman suddenly slowed his walk. In the doorway of a darkened hardware store a man leaned, with an unlighted cigar in his mouth. As the policeman walked up to him the man spoke up quickly.

“It’s all right, officer,” he said, reassuringly. “I’m just waiting for a friend. It’s an appointment made twenty years ago. Sounds a little funny to you, doesn’t it? Well, I’ll explain if you’d like to make certain it’s all straight. About that long ago there used to be a restaurant where this store stands — ‘Big Joe’ Brady’s restaurant.”

“Until five years ago,” said the policeman. “It was torn down then.”The man in the doorway struck a match and lit his cigar. The light sh

owed a pale, square-jawed face with keen eyes, and a little white scar near his right eyebrow. His scarfpin was a large diamond, oddly set.



“Twenty years ago tonight,” said the man, “I dined here at ‘Big Joe’ Brady’s with Jimmy Wells, my best chum, and the finest chap in the world. He and I were raised here in New York, just like two brothers, together. I was eighteen and Jimmy was twenty. The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune. You couldn’t have dragged Jimmy out of New York; he thought it was the only place on earth. Well, we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time, no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come. We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made, whatever they were going to be.”

“It sounds pretty interesting,” said the policeman. “Rather a long time between meets, though, it seems to me. Haven’t you heard from your friend since you left?”



“Well, yes, for a time we corresponded,” said the other. “But after a year or two we lost track of each other. You see, the West is a pretty big proposition, and I kept hustling around over it pretty lively. But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he’s alive, for he always was the truest, staunchest old chap in the world. He’ll never forget. I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight, and it’s worth it if my old partner turns up.”


“Three minutes to ten,” he announced. “It was exactly ten o’clock when we parted here at the restaurant door.”

“Did pretty well out West, didn’t you?” asked the policeman.



“You bet! I hoped Jimmy has done half as well. He was a kind of plodder, though, good fellow as he was. I’ve had to compete with some of the sharpest wits going to get my pile. A man gets in a groove in New York. It takes the West to put a razor-edge on him.”

The policeman twirled his club and took a step or two.“I’ll be on my way. Hope your friend comes around all right. Going

to call time on him sharp?”“I should say not!” said the other. “I’ll give him half an hour at least.

If Jimmy is alive on earth he’ll be here by that time. So long, officer.”“Good-night, sir,” said the policeman, passing on along his beat,

trying doors as he went.



There was now a fine, cold drizzle falling, and the wind had risen from its uncertain puffs into a steady blow. The few passers-by bustling about in that quarter hurried dismally and silently along with coat collars turned high and pocketed hands. And in the door of the hardware store the man who had come a thousand miles to fill an appointment, uncertain almost to absurdity, with the friend of his youth, smoked his cigar and waited.

About twenty minutes he waited, and then a tall man in a long overcoat, with collar turned up to his ears, hurried across from the opposite side of the street. He went directly to the waiting man.

“Is that you, Bob?” he asked, doubtfully.“Is that you, Jimmy Wells?” cried the man in the door.



“Bless my heart!” exclaimed the new arrival, grasping both the other’s hands with his own. “It’s Bob, sure as fate. I was certain I’d find you here if you were still in existence. Well, well! — twenty years is a long time. The old restaurant’s gone, Bob; I wish it had lasted, so we could have had another dinner there. How has the West treated you, old man?”

“Bully; it has given me everything I asked it for. You’ve changed lots, Jimmy. I never thought you were so tall by two or three inches.”

“Oh, I grew a bit after I was twenty.”“Doing well in New York, Jimmy?”“Moderately. I have a position in one of the city departments. Come

on, Bob; we’ll go around to a place I know of, and have a good long talk about old times.”



The two men started up the street, arm in arm. The man from the West, his egotism enlarged by success, was beginning to outline the history of his career. The other, submerged in his overcoat, listened with interest.

At the corner stood a drug store, brilliant with electric lights. When they came into this glare each of them turned simultaneously to gaze upon the other’s face.

The man from the West stopped suddenly and released his arm.“You’re not Jimmy Wells,” he snapped. “Twenty years is a long time,

but not long enough to change a man’s nose from a Roman to a pug.”“It sometimes changes a good man into a bad one,” said the tall man.

“You’ve been under arrest for ten minutes, ‘Silky’ Bob. Chicago thinks you may have dropped over our way and wires us she wants to have a chat with you. Going quietly, are you? That’s sensible. Now, before we go on to the station here’s a note I was asked to hand you. You may read it here at the window. It’s from Patrolman Wells!”



The man from the West unfolded the little piece of paper handed him. His hand was steady when he began to read, but it trembled a little by the time he had finished. The note was rather short.

Bob: I was at the appointed place on time. When you struck the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the man wanted in Chicago. Somehow I couldn’t do it myself, so I went around and got a plain-clothes man to do the job.

Jimmy


Paraphrase this sentence.

It was only just 10 o’clock at night and the wind was blowing in gusts. The rather cold wind with a suggestion of rain almost made the streets deserted.

The time was barely 10 o’clock at night, but chilly gusts of wind with a taste of rain in them had almost emptied the streets.



Paraphrase this sentence.As he was walking on, he pushed each door to see whether it was locked. At the same time he quickly turned his club round and round skillfully. From time to time he looked closely at the quiet street. The officer, with his muscular and powerful form, and his somewhat arrogant manner of walking, presented a good image of the defender of public security and law and order.

Trying doors as he went, twirling his club with many intricate and artful movements, turning now and then to cast his watchful eye down the peaceful thoroughfare, the officer, with his stalwart form and slight swagger, made a fine picture of a guardian of the peace.




We believed that in twenty years’ time, our fate and our earnings, whether good or bad, would have been decided.

We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made, whatever they were going to be.




But one or two years later we lost touch with each other. You know, the West is a place for very big business undertakings and I kept busy going all over the West doing business.

But after a year or two we lost track of each other. You see, the West is a pretty big proposition, and I kept hustling around over it pretty lively.



What is the implied meaning of this sentence?

Jimmy might be very rich now, but how he became so rich remained as a suspense.





I’ve had to compete with some of the sharpest wits going to get my pile. A man gets in a groove in New York. It takes the West to put a razor-edge on him.

In order to make my fortune, I had to rival some of the most cunning and shrewd people alive / in existence. A man who is used to a fixed and dull way of life in New York and is unable to do or think of anything new ought to go to the West to make him sharp-witted.



What is the style of these expressions? Explain their meanings respectively.

They are quite colloquial. “You bet” is usually used to show one’s agreement, which means “yes”. “Bless my heart” is a colloquial expression to show one’s surprise in exclamation. “Sure as fate” means “certainly”.

You bet!Bless my heart!… sure as fate



A fine misty rain was falling and the wind, instead of blowing in puffs now and then, was blowing steadily.



There was now a fine, cold drizzle falling, and the wind had risen from its uncertain puffs into a steady blow.



The weather became colder but Bob still kept waiting for his friend Jimmy. Although Bob might have committed crimes, his friendship with Jimmy was staunch. Also, the worsening of the weather might cause Bob to become impatient, so when the plain-clothes man came declaring himself as Jimmy, Bob did not have the least suspicion.

Why does the writer bother to describe the weather here?


Explain the meaning of this clause.

The man felt his being there was almost ridiculous as he was so uncertain if the appointment would be kept by the other party.

… uncertain almost to absurdity …



What is the implication of this sentence?

Here the writer created suspense by giving a hint that the tall man might not be Jimmy Wells.

I never thought you were so tall by two or three inches.




The man from the West, his egotism enlarged by success, was beginning to outline the history of his career.

The man from the West, whose success had swelled his sense of his own importance, began to sketch the history of his career.



What are the features of a Roman nose and a pug nose respectively?

A Roman nose is a nose with a high, prominent bridge, and a pug nose is a short, rather flat nose.

… a man’s nose from a Roman to a pug.




You have been a prisoner for ten minutes, “Silky” Bob. The police in Chicago think you’ll come here and send us a telegram telling us to arrest you.

You’ve been under arrest for ten minutes, “Silky” Bob. Chicago thinks you may have dropped over our way and wires us she wants to have a chat with you.



beat: n. the usual path followed by a policeman on duty

The cop walks his beat daily.


这名警察每天在规定值巡路线上巡逻。

a beat cop执行巡逻任务的警察

“my beat was education” (Unit 9)

“Beat” in this case is also called “news beat” or “run”. It refers to the particular news source or activity that a reporter is responsible for covering.新闻的抢先报道；抢先报道的新闻



The newspaper has scored many notable news beats.

这家报纸曾多次抢先报道重大新闻。

The story was a beat.

那篇报道是独家新闻。


avenue: n. a broad street in a town, sometimes having trees on each side （城市的）大街，林荫道


thoroughfare: (fml) a main road in a town or city which usually has shops along it and a lot of traffic 大道，大街vicinity: the surroundings; area very near to or around the stated place; neighbourhood 附近，邻近地区block: (AmE) (the distance along one of the sides of) a building or group of buildings built between two streets 街区quarter: a part of town where a particular group of people traditionally live or work （城镇中常为某些人）居住或工作的地区

CF:



the student quarter

学生居住区

the Chinese quarter


gust: 1. n. a sudden strong rush of air, or of rain, smoke, etc., carried by wind 阵风 , 阵雨 , 阵烟

忽然下了一场大雨。

A gust of rain came down.


勃然大怒

a sudden gust of anger从一张桌上传来一阵大笑。

A gust of laughter came from one of the tables.



Winds gusted up to 60 miles an hour.

狂风猛吹，时速达 60英里。

一阵阵烟从烟囱中喷出来与云雾融成一体。

2. v. to blow in gusts

Smoke gusted up from the chimneys to merge with cloud.


twirl: v.to (cause to) turn round and round quickly

He twirled the keys round his fingers. 他把钥匙串套在手指上转动。


turn, spin, wind, whirlturn: to (cause to) move round a central or fixed point

CF:

Turn the hands of the clock until they point to 10 o’clock.轮子转动。

The wheel turns.



spin: to (cause to) turn round and round fast

CF:

to spin a coin on a table捻硬币使在桌上旋转

to spin a top抽陀螺

wind: to turn round and round with a number of circular movements

Clouds wind the mountains. 白云在山间缭绕。



whirl: to (cause to) move round and round very fast

CF:

The fallen leaves whirled in the autumn wind.落叶在秋风中飞旋。舞者们在舞池里旋转起舞。

The dancers whirled around the floor.

请你帮我把这些毛线绕成团好吗 ?

Will you wind this wool for me?


club: 1. n. a thick heavy stick, used as a weapon2. n. a black three-leafed figure printed on a playing card 　（印在纸牌上的）梅花图案


club spade heart diamond



3. v. to beat or hit hard (as if) with a club

He was clubbed to death with the butt of a gun.他是被人用枪托殴打致死的。

The boy clubbed the bird’s nest with a long stick.男孩用长竿捅鸟窝。

club together: to share the cost of something with others办公室的同事凑钱给她买了一件生日礼物。

The colleagues in the office clubbed together to buy her a present for her birthday.

club ideas and exertions 群策群力


cast: 1. v. to turn or direct cast an eye (or a glance, a look) at (or over, on)


Would you just cast an eye over this letter before I put it in the post? 在我寄出这封信之前，你先把它看一眼，好吗？

明月的光辉照在平原上。

The moon cast a brilliant light over the plain.树投影在窗户上。

The tree cast its shadow on the window.



The government will have a new cast of leaders after the reorganization.改组后的政府会有一个新的领导班子。

3. n. appearance, type, or character, etc. 容貌，外观；类型，气质

2. n. the actors in a play, film, etc. 演员阵容，班底

The cast of this film is pretty strong.

a person of noble cast 品格高尚的人an inquiring cast of mind 爱刨根问底的性格

the delicate cast of one’s features 某人纤巧娇丽的容貌


fine: adj. 1. outstanding


2. (of weather) bright and sunny; not wet

3. (fig) delicate and difficult to understand or notice

在惩罚和残酷虐待之间只有一条很细微的分界线。

There’s only a very fine line between punishment and cruelty.

在辩论中，我遗漏了一些细微的要点。

I missed some of the fine points in the argument.



Translate the following sentences, esp. the word “fine” into idiomatic Chinese.

Your shoes are in a fine muddy state.

你的鞋全沾上泥，糟透了。

I suppose I might be rich one fine day.

我想有一天我大概会发财。

Fine feathers make fine birds. (idiom)

[谚 ]人靠衣装，马靠鞍。


keep early hours: to go to bed early


Similar Expressions

keep late hours: to go to bed latekeep regular hours: to go to bed at regular time


lunch counter: A lunch counter is a snack bar where sandwiches, hot dogs, hamburgers, hot and cold drinks, and ice-cream are served. Lunch here does not mean the meal at noon, but rather any light meal or snack.



straight: adj. true, honest, correct


I don’t think she’s completely straight with us. 我认为她对我们并不是完全坦诚。

We want a straight answer to this question. 我们要的是对这个问题的直截了当的答复。

a straight whisky 未搀水的威士忌

a straight performance 朴实无华的表演

a straight comedy 地道的喜剧

a straight thinker 思路有条理的人

a straight denial 直截了当的否认


keen: adj.(of the mind, the feelings, the senses, etc.) good, strong, quick at understanding, etc.


a keen eye 敏锐的眼光

keen powers of observation 敏锐的观察力

a keen sense of smell 灵敏的嗅觉

a keen mind 敏捷的头脑

a keen bargainer 精于讨价还价的人

a keen-edged sword 锋利的剑

a keen wind 刺骨的寒风

a keen slap 辣乎乎的一巴掌



a keen competition 激烈的竞争

a keen sorrow 深切的悲痛



set: v. to fix a (precious stone) into (a piece of jewellery)

The ring is set with three shining diamonds.这个戒指镶有三颗闪亮的钻石。

My mother sent me a bracelet set with pearls for my 20th birthday.妈妈送给我一只镶嵌着珍珠的手镯作为二十岁的生日礼物。

无数星星点缀着夜空。

The dark sky was set with myriads of stars.



chum, chapold partnerold manThese nouns and noun phrases all have more or less the meaning of “close friend” to express intimacy.


fortune: n.lots of money, possessions, etc.; chance; whatever happens by chance, good or bad


1. make one’s fortune 2. push one’s fortune 3. seek one’s fortune 4. try one’s fortune

a. 碰运气b. 寻找发迹的机会c. 设法抬高自己的社会地位d. 发财；发迹

1-d, 2-c, 3-b, 4-aKey:



come into a fortune 继承一大笔财产have fortune on one’s side 走鸿运He dances well to whom fortune pipes. ([ 谚 ] 鸿运来时，百事顺遂。 )

Similar Phrases


figure: v. to consider; to believe

They figure themselves quite well-off.


他们自以为相当富裕。

No one can figure him.没人能猜得透他。

figure out: to come to understand or discover by thinking

They figure themselves quite well-off.

我捉摸不透他，他是个谜。I can’t figure him out — he’s a mystery.

我们弄不懂他为什么要说那句话。We can’t figure out why he said that.



destiny: n.

destiny, fate, doom

cf.:

1. They ascribed their disaster to an unkind .

2. It was her to become famous.

3. The Battle of Stalingrad sealed Hitler’s .

fate ____

destiny______

doom______

他们把他们的灾难归于命不好。

她命里注定会是一个名人。

斯大林格勒战役决定了希特勒的灭亡。



destiny: n. what must happen and cannot be changed or controlled 命运；天数

cf.:

那位伟人命中注定要领导他的国家获得自由。

It was the great man’s destiny to lead his country to freedom.

我那天下午遇见他是命运的安排。 It was my fate to meet him that afternoon.

fate: n. what will or must happen to someone or something 命运



doom: n. a terrible fate; unavoidable destruction or death 厄运；劫数；毁灭；死亡

cf.:

他在战斗中阵亡。

He met his doom in the battle.


groove: n. a track made by repeated movement

It is hard for me to get out of a groove.

My parents don’t like change; they’re happy to stay in the same old groove.


我的父母不喜欢变动；他们乐意墨守成规。

The daily life on the farm slipped back into orderly grooves.农场的日常生活又悄悄回到有条不紊的常规中来。

smash out of the groove打破常规


sharp: 1. adv. exactly at the stated time 准时


The meeting starts at two o’clock sharp; don’t be late.

We arrived sharp on the agreed time of eight in the evening.

2. adj.



(1) a sharp morning(2) a short and sharp life(3) a sharp boy(4) be sharp at figures(5) sharp practice(6) sharp tongue(7) sharp words(8) a sharp jacket

a. 刻薄话；挖苦b. 伶俐的孩子c. 算得快d. 利嘴e. 欺诈f. 短促而有为的一生g. 时髦的夹克h. 寒冷的早晨

1-h, 2-f, 3-b, 4-c, 5-e, 6-d, 7-a, 8-gKey:


grasp: v.1. to take or keep a firm hold of, esp. with the hands

Grasp the rope with both hands.


2. to succeed in understandingI think I have grasped the main points of the lecture.This is the concept we in the West find difficult to grasp.

grab, graspgrab: v. to take hold of (a person or thing) with a sudden rough movement, esp. for a bad or selfish purpose

cf.:

He grabbed the money and ran off.They grabbed her by the arm and forced her into their car.



egotism: n.[U] the act of or tendency towards talking too much about oneself and believing that one is better and more important than other people 自我吹嘘，自高自大

egoism: [U] the quality of always thinking about oneself and about what will be best for oneself; selfishness 自私；利己心ego: (in Freudian psychology) one of the three parts of the mind that connects a person to the outside world, because it can think and act 自我（弗洛伊德心理学中构成人类人格的三个基本力量之一）

Vocabulary Extension:



id: (in Freudian psychology) one of the three parts of the mind that is completely unconscious, but has needs and desires 本我（指人潜意识的最深层，是构成人类人格的三个基本力量之一）superego: (in Freudian psychology) the moral self or conscience; one of the three parts of the mind that rewards and punishes us by our feelings of guilt or rightness, according to our respect for the rules of society 超我（弗洛伊德精神分析学中构成人类人格的三个基本力量之一）

Vocabulary Extension:


submerge: v. to cover or completely hide

Her happiness at seeing Peter submerged her former worries.


她看到彼得非常高兴，顿时完全忘却了先前的烦恼。

The stream overflowed and submerged the farmland.河水泛滥，淹没了农田。

He submerged himself in the world of his imagination.

She’s absolutely submerged in work.她工作多得不得了。


Useful Expressions

Passage Dictation

Interaction Activities

Guided Writing

Additional Reading


Text Appreciation


1. 作秀

2. 强健的体魄

3. 和平的卫士

4. 早睡早起

5. 发财；发迹

for show

stalwart form

a guardian of peace

keep early hours

make one’s fortune

Useful Expressions

6. 失去线索 lose track of


7. 赴约

8. 臂挽着臂

fill an appointment

arm in arm


9. 闪耀着

10. 凝视

brilliant with

gaze upon


11. 被捕

12. 顺便访问

under arrest

drop over


Passage DictationListen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.

Directions:



Are You a Good Detective? Would you like to spend an evening reading a lovely story with beautiful illustrations and make $35,000 at the same time? Millions of people all over the world tried to do just that. Only one succeeded. The book is called Masquerade, and was written by British painter Kit Williams. Within its pages are clues to the location of a golden jewel, and whoever figured out the clues could find and keep the treasure. Some time ago, Williams was asked to write a children’s book. Wanting to do something no one else had done before, he decided to bury a golden treasure and tell where it was in the book. He began to do illustrations without a clear idea of what the story would be about, where he could bury the treasure, or even what the treasure would be.



Interaction Activities

A stranger has helped to put out a big fire, but nobody knows his name. Mr. Wang has received a letter from the Neighborhood Committee, asking him to try to find out who the stranger is, so that this person can be commended for his meritorious service. When the fire was being put out, many other people were on the scene, some helping to rescue people and some watching. Mr. Wang asks some of the witnesses (his students) what the stranger looked like.


Who Is the Man?



Now imagine yourself to be first Mr. Wang and then one of the witnesses. Pair up with your partner and carry out a talk between Mr. Wang and the witness. You can use one of your classmates as a model and your partner can identify this person according to the description.



Suggestions:

The student may ask following questions about the stranger.

Height tall, short, of medium / average height

Hair short, long, thin, thick, straight, curled, curly, wavy, sparse, unkempt, disheveled, luxuriant

Build slender, stout / fat / plump, stooping, thin / lean, slim, broad-shouldered, lanky

Eyes bulging eyes, prominent eyes, close-set eyes, dark eyes, deep-set eyes, sunken eyes

Facial features

chubby cheeks, hooked nose, pug nose, large forehead, narrow forehead, domed forehead

Clothing blue jeans, corduroy jacket, sweater, suit, T-shirt


Text Appreciation

Some Comments on the Text


“After Twenty Years” is a short story written by O. Henry. The following part mainly gives some basic knowledge about the literary form “the short story”.

1. Definition of the short story:

The short story is a form of fiction generally under 10,000 words in length. Because of its limited length, a short story presents very few characters (generally one or two), and focuses on only one event, which takes place within a very short time.


Structurally, a short story may break up into five sections.1) The setting. This section provides the reader with the setting and a brief introduction to the characters.2) The generating circumstances. This is the incident in the story that first arouses the reader’s curiosity. 3) The rising action. This is where the plot develops and progresses towards the climax. It is also where the reader finds complications and suspense.4) The climax. This is where the interest and excitement are highest, and it is just before the end. 5) The dénouement. This is the end of the story when everything is explained.


2. Structure of the short story:



The plot refers to a sequence of events that make up a story. In this story the plot is developed mainly through the dialogues: A. The dialogue between the policeman on patrol and the man from the West tells us the background of the story — the man from the West has come to keep an appointment made twenty years before. B. The dialogue between Bob and “Jimmy” tells the reader about the “pre-arranged” meeting and the revelation of the truth.

3. The plot:



Characterization is the way in which the people in the story are presented. They may be described directly or shown to the reader through dialogues, action and interaction. 1) The characters are developed through straight description of their external action in this story. For example: A. The professional policeman’s habitual behavior on the beat (Para. 2) B. The appearance of Jimmy and Bob, and Bob’s signs of wealth (Jimmy: Para. 2; Bob: Para. 6; Para. 10)

4. Characterization:



2) The characters are presented to the reader through the dialogue. From the way the characters talk and what they talk about, the reader learns that:

A. The man from the West is successful in having made a large fortune, boastful and self-conceited and adventurous.B. Jimmy is a plodder; he is prudent, a man who gets in a groove, but he is also cool, self-possessed and calculating.



Guided Writing — Précis Writing

Working in groups of two or three, decide which details should be supplied for the following outline in writing the précis of “After Twenty Years”. Then write a 200-word précis of “After Twenty Years” in which you summarize the main idea of the story with necessary details.

Directions:



1. The policeman and the man in the darkened doorway

* **

* *

few minutes before ten windy, damp / policeman on duty man in the doorway / man there keeping an appointment made twenty years before with Jimmy Wells man made a fortune in the Westpoliceman seeing man’s features, scarfpin, diamond studded watch



2. The encounter between the man and the tall man

* ** * * *

twenty minutes latertall man claiming to be Jimmywaiting man suspicious: too tallproud of his successtelling his careerglare from a store revealing that the tall man was not Jimmy



3. The tall man revealing the truth

* ** * * *

tall man put the man under arrestdelivering a note from Jimmy, the policeman on patrolJimmy having kept an appointmentrecognized the man as the one wantednot to do the arrest himselfsending a colleague



A few minutes before ten, one chilly, windy and damp night, a policeman on duty saw a man leaning in the doorway of a hardware store. On being seen, the man told the policeman that he was keeping an appointment made twenty years before with a close friend of his, Jimmy Wells. They parted that very night twenty years ago. Then the man went to the West to make his fortune. He admitted that he had done well in the West. When the man lit his cigar, the policeman saw his features and his large, oddly set scarfpin. Later, when the man was consulting his watch, the policeman saw its lids studded with diamonds. Before the policeman walked on, he made sure



that the man had set his heart on meeting his old friend and was willing to wait another half an hour at least. The man in the doorway had waited another twenty minutes when a tall man came and said he was Jimmy. The waiting man was a little suspicious at first as the other was a couple of inches taller than he remembered his friend was. However, being proud of his own success he soon began to talk about his career. While the two men were walking up the street, the glare from a drugstore made the first man realize that the tall man was not Jimmy.



The tall man announced that the waiting man had been under arrest for ten minutes and then handed him a note. It was from Jimmy Wells, the policeman. Jimmy had come on time to keep his appointment. He had recognized his former friend as the criminal wanted in Chicago. He didn’t have the heart to arrest an old friend, so he asked a plain-clothes man to do the job.



Guided Writing — Passage Writing

Friendship is very necessary for everyone, but different people may have different principles to make their friends. Write a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:

Directions:



How to Make Friends

You are to write in three parts.In the first part, state specifically what your idea is.In the second part, provide one, two or more reasons to

support your idea or describe your idea.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural

conclusion or summary.


An old saying goes, “One man is not good enough to live alone

in the world.” Indeed, there are many things in life which we alone

cannot perform. We need friends’ help. Friends are the people who

willingly and readily help us when we are in trouble, and show

sympathy for us when we are in misery.

The benefits of friendship are boundless and sometimes

invisible. A good friend is an adviser, because our own points of view

towards things may not always be right. Therefore, it is necessary for

us to seek advice from friends. A good friend is also a mirror which

may point out our weak points and strong points simultaneously.

Of course, we can make friends everywhere. However, I think

the best place is school, where we are among a great number of boys



and girls of our own age. It is easy to get to know one another at

school in a short time. Besides, we can also make friends among the

people who work with us in the community.

In order to make friends, we ourselves must be honest, noble-

minded and kind-hearted whereby to leave a favorable impression on

others since other people observe us the same way as we do.

At the same time, we should avoid bad friends, because they

always do harm to us, and moreover, they are dangerous to the people

around. What is even worse, they may spoil our friendship with good

friends. Indeed, seeking acquaintance with bad friends would be a

serious mistake.




The Captain gazed gloomily at his sword that hung upon the wall. In the closet nearby was stored his faded uniform, stained and worn by weather and service. What a long, long time it seemed since those old days of war’s alarms!

And now, veteran that he was of his country’s strenuous times, he had been reduced to abject surrender by a woman’s soft eyes and smiling lips. As he sat in his quiet room he held in his hand the letter he had just received from her — the letter that had caused him to wear that look of gloom. He re-read the fatal paragraph that had destroyed his hope.

October and June by O. Henry



In declining the honor you have done me in asking me to be your wife, I feel that I ought to speak frankly. The reason I have for so doing is the great difference between our ages. I like you very, very much, but I am sure that our marriage would not be a happy one. I am sorry to have to refer to this, but I believe that you will appreciate my honesty in giving you the true reason.

The Captain sighed, and leaned his head upon his hand. Yes, there were many years between their ages. But he was strong and rugged, he had position and wealth. Would not his love, his tender care, and the advantages he could bestow upon her make her forget the question of age? Besides, he was almost sure that she cared for him.



The Captain was a man of prompt action. In the field he had been distinguished for his decisiveness and energy. He would see her and plead his cause again in person. Age! — what was it to come between him and the one he loved?

In two hours he stood ready, in light marching order, for his greatest battle. He took the train for the old Southern town in Tennessee where she lived.

Theodora Deming was on the steps of the handsome, porticoed ( 有门廊的 ) old mansion, enjoying the summer twilight, when the Captain entered the gate and came up the graveled (碎石的 ) walk. She met him with a smile that was free from embarrassment. As the Captain stood on the step below her, the difference in their ages did not appear so great. He was tall and straight and clear-eyed and browned. She was in the bloom of lovely womanhood.


“I wasn’t expecting you,” said Theodora, “but now that you’ve come you may sit on the step. Didn’t you get my letter?”

“I did,” said the Captain, “and that’s why I came. I say, now, Theo, reconsider your answer, won’t you?”

Theodora smiled softly upon him. He carried his years well. She was really fond of his strength, his wholesome looks, his manliness — perhaps, if —

“No, no,” she said, shaking her head, positively, “it’s out of the question. I like you a whole lot, but marrying won’t do. My age and yours are — but don’t make me say it again — I told you in my letter.”

The Captain flushed a little through the bronze on his face. He was silent for a while, gazing sadly into the twilight. Beyond a line of woods that he could see was a field where the boys in blue had once bivouacked (露营 ) on their march toward the sea. How long ago it seemed now! Truly, Fate and Father Time had tricked him sorely. Just a few years interposed between himself and happiness!




Theodora’s hand crept down and rested in the clasp of his firm, brown one. She felt, at least, that sentiment that is akin to love.

“Don’t take it so hard, please,” she said, gently. “It’s all for the best. I’ve reasoned it out very wisely all by myself. Some day you’ll be glad I didn’t marry you. It would be very nice and lovely for a while — but, just think! In only a few short years what different tastes we would have! One of us would want to sit by the fireside and read, and maybe nurse neuralgia or rheumatism of evenings, while the other would be crazy for balls and theatres and late suppers. No, my dear friend. While it isn’t exactly January and May, it’s a clear case of October and pretty early in June.”

“I’d always do what you wanted me to do, Theo. If you wanted to —”



“No, you wouldn’t. You think now that you would, but you wouldn’t. Please don’t ask me any more.”

The Captain had lost his battle. But he was a gallant warrior, and when he rose to make his final adieu his mouth was grimly set and his shoulders were squared.

He took the train for the North that night. On the next evening he was back in his room, where his sword was hanging against the wall. He was dressing for dinner, tying his white tie into a very careful bow. And at the same time he was indulging in a pensive soliloquy.

“Pon my honour, I believe Theo was right, after all. Nobody can deny that she’s a peach, but she must be twenty-eight, at the very kindest calculation.”

For you see, the Captain was only nineteen, and his sword had never been drawn except on the parade ground at Chattanooga, which was as near as he ever got to the Spanish-American War.



1. This passage is a piece of writing.

Read the passage “October and June” and choose the best answer for each of the following questions.

Directions:

B

A. descriptiveB. narrativeC. argumentative

_____



2. The main topic of this passage is .A

A. loveB. friendshipC. family

_____

3. The reason why Theodora refused the Captain’s proposal was (that) .C

A. she didn’t like him at allB. the great difference between their social statusesC. the great difference between their ages

_____



4. The sentence “He carried his years well” in Para. 10 is closest in meaning to .B

A. “He looked very charming”B. “He looked very young”C. “He was full of experience”

_____

5. From the last paragraph we may guess Theodora was about years older than the Captain.C

A. 20B. 15C. 10

_____



6. Which of the following statements can best reveal the implication of the title “October and June”? C

A. Theodora and the Captain’s love began in October and ended in June.

B. October and June meant a lot to Theodora and the Captain.

C. The difference between Theodora and the Captain was compared to the difference between October and June.

_____



Directions: Guess the meanings of the following words from the passage by matching each word in Column A with the word or phrase in Column B that is similar in meaning.

1. faded

2. gloom

3. bestow

4. prompt

A

A. n. a feeling of deep sadness or hopelessness

B. adj. courageous

C. n. the best or most favourable time of

B



5. bloom

6. flush

7. interpose

8. gallant

9. adieu

10. soliloquy

D. v. (fml) to give

E. adj. loosing brightness, color, strength, fre

shness, etc.

F. n. (lit.) goodbye

G. v. to (cause to) become red in the face

H. n. (an act of) talking to oneself alone

I. v. (fml) to put between two other things

J. adj. (of an action) done quickly, at once, or

at the right time

1. E 2. A 3. D 4. J 5. C 6. G 7. I 8. B 9. F 10. H

after 20 years

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Transcript of after 20 years