African Natural resources standardisation perspective - Role of CFP standards in agricultural export...
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Transcript of African Natural resources standardisation perspective - Role of CFP standards in agricultural export...
African Natural resources standardisation perspective -
Role of CFP standards in agricultural export promotion
Hermogene Nsengimana (PhD)21-25 November 2011, Windhoek,
Namibia
What do we export?
Horticulture Council of Africa (HCA)
Land area (worldmapper.org)
Territory size shows the proportion of worldwide net imports of vegetables (in US$) that are received there.
(worldmapper.org)
What do we do?
“Avoid to be standard takers but standards makers”
• Climate is on the worlds agenda• Politicians on the international arena set
targets • Politicians locally have their agendas and
ambitions• Companies feel pressure and have ambitions• Individuals want to know if their choices make
a difference
Why do we need climate declarations
Environmentalists?
Bilan CarboneFrankrike
Carbon Footprint von ProduktenTyskland
JEMAIJapan
KOECOSydkorea
UK Carbon Trust
Carbon Footprint UK
BSI PAS 2050
Carbon Disclosure
Project
PE International - Carbon Footprint
Carbon Planet
Georgia Pacific – Pew Center on Global Climate
Change
Timberland Inc.
CEPI, Confederation of European Paper
Industries
Friends of the Earth
LifeGateItaly
WBSD/WRI
NCASI
The Supply Chain Carbon Council, ESCI
Tesco - Carbon Label
ASDA
Mark & Spencer
Casino, Frankrike
Carrefour, Frankrike
Migros, Schweiz
Walkers
Cascades
Forestry Commission UK
The New Zealand Wine
Company
FoodWeekAustralia
Dole Food Company
TetrapakCarbon Reduction Institute Australia
KRAV - Svensk SigillSweden
Australia's Greenhouse
Friendly label
Carbon Labelling CO2
StarEU
Carbon Label for California
Louise Galvin
Vattenfall
Coca Cola
Cadbury’s
Danone
Granarolo
Halifax North Carolina's Carbon Footprint Project
Boots Muller Dairy Ltd
Hewlett-Packard
Dell
Lóreal
Unilever
International EPD®programme
There is a manifold of brands, labels, declarations
• Climate change declaration on • Milk• Electricity• Clay bricks• ………….
Emissions in the different stages, cradle to gate gate to gate, gate to grave, as CO2-eq.
Contact persons and company informationand where to get the complete environmental information
Independent verification and other formal information
Information about the product
Information about the company
Information about the LCA and climate declaration
Information
How can climate declaration be used
• Environmental issues are complex• The interest to act responsibly is spreading• The complete environmental information is
too much for most consumer and even professional actors
• Climate declaration could be door openers for many to – later appreciate the full environmental information
• Climate is a big issue• International agreements are needed around
worldwide issues• We need information to help us do the right
things• Standard body
• provide tools to describe and compare alternative solutions
• help to keep the market open and fair
Carbon Footprints as a key
All companies need…• To earn money now and in the future• Understand its products and markets• Keep customers and survive long term• Be trusted by investor, authorities and
banks
What African stake• Standards… a passport to international trade
– At private sector…no debate on ‘whether or not to comply’
• No Standards, No Trade• Debate on Compliance Attestation(certification), both for
‘official control systems’ and ‘private labels’
• In Developing Countries:• A synergy between private sector ‘self regulation’
standards and ‘official control’ systems• Benchmarking to international market standards• Africa/private sector representation in standard setting
process
Climate Change and Fresh Produce
• Food miles – 2006-07: start of the debate– ‘airplane labeling’ in some UK supermarkets
• Why food only, actually only fresh produce?• Why the transport aspect only?, production emissions,
whole value chain approach?• Africa’s response ‘GROWN UNDER THE SUN’
CFP- EAC trials
• Trials on greenhouse roses– Kenya/ Europe
• Trials on Kenyan green beans• Experiences:
– Seasonal variations– Farm-to-farm differences– Subjectivity issues
• The Need for Standardization– Welcome the process of Developing ISO
14067
‘protectionism’.
‘Grow local, buy local, eat local’.
‘Y Tir’ – the newspaper of the Farmers Union of Wales, November 2005.
…standard body behind… “In a time of globalization, it becomes more clear how
important it is with a strong national or regional profile. We notice that the consumers are becoming more interested in
locally-produced products”
Jacqueline Forster Zigerley, Biosuisse
“A carbon label will put the power in the hands of consumers to choose how they want to be green ” Tom Delay, Carbon Trust, UK
Developing countries
• Our reality:– Small scale production -70% of total production
• Minimal or no mechanization – low emissions• No need to heat up growing environments , all year
production• Dependency on international trade for livelihoods• Low Per Capita Emissions
Information about the total amount of GHGs emitted during the life cycle of a good or service
Grams CO2-eq. per unit of product
Display of this information on packaging and websites – with other CC information
Different from measurement of emissions “at source”
Different from corporate and project level assessments
Indicators of impacts on the climate, not necessary good indicators of wider environmental and social issues
What is a product carbon footprint (PCF)?
Dominant method for calculating the sum of GHG emissions from activities along the entire life cycle of a product
From “Cradle-to-grave” or “Farm-to-fork” or “Field-to-Wheel”
PCF activities engages all value chain actors – in terms of data provision and GHG reduction efforts
Precise boundary of the GHG calculation in not clearly specified
No discrimination against products transported over long distance, some ignore short-distant transport
The CFP Framework: Life-Cycle Analysis (LFA)
Source: www.zespri.com
21
CFP- EAC trials
• Trials on greenhouse roses– Kenya/ Europe
• Trials on Kenyan green beans• Experiences:
– Seasonal variations– Farm-to-farm differences– Subjectivity issues
• The Need for Standardization– Welcome the process of Developing ISO 14067
Standards for Climate change and Trade
• Standard… a BIG YES– A standardized way to measure compliance
• Current view from Africa…food miles/buy local is protectionist
– What if it was ‘buy local’ for everything?
• BUT… a real risk of a Trade BarrierBe part of the development of standards
ConclusionDon’t sit, act now
We can all actand with correct information it is easier to make good
choices
Take advantage and participate in the standard process
Thank You