AFPM 2017 Industries Report - AFPM | American Fuel ... · PDF file3 WE MAKE PROGRESS A Message...
Transcript of AFPM 2017 Industries Report - AFPM | American Fuel ... · PDF file3 WE MAKE PROGRESS A Message...
AFPM 2017
We Make Progress
3
WE MAKE PROGRESSA Message from the Incoming Chairman of the Board and the President and CEO of AFPM
It’s easy to take for granted the importance of the refining and petrochemical industries to our modern society. Our products make life easier, healthier, and more productive. We manufacture products that power the world and materials that make lives better.
As we continue to educate policymakers and the American people about our industries, our message is simple: We Make Progress.
Our petrochemical manufacturers create the building blocks for practically everything we need and use, from our smartphones to the incubators that keep newborns safe, to many of the materials in the clothes and shoes we wear. Our refineries produce increasingly cleaner fuels that keep America moving—efficiently and safely. Together our industries are improving performance, lowering emissions, increasing efficiencies, and enhancing safety.
While the political dynamics in Washington, D.C. may have changed, AFPM continues to focus on ensuring that our nation’s leaders understand the benefits our industries deliver to our country.
The refining and petrochemical members of AFPM directly and indirectly support over 5.5 million jobs. Together, they contribute more than $830 billion to our economy.
AFPM members support the communities in which their employees live and work. Annually, they contribute close to $100 billion in federal tax revenue and $76 billion in state and local taxes; funds that support teachers, law enforcement officers, first-responders, and many other essential positions.
Our members are key participants in the global economy: U.S. refiners have established the United States as a net exporter of refined petroleum products, a key supplier of diesel fuel, gasoline, jet fuel and propane, as well as intermediates and feedstocks to world markets, a role that is expected to continue to grow through the middle of the 21st century.
U.S. petrochemical exports are expected to grow as well, increasing 60 percent by 2020.
In all these ways, we move America forward. We Make Progress.
Lawrence M. Ziemba Executive Vice President, Refining, Phillips 66 AFPM Chairman of the Board
Chet Thompson President and CEO AFPM
BILLION POUNDS
QUADS
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
1990 2015 2050
0.8
0.4
0
4%
44%20%
15%
17%
2015 2040
4%
41%23%
13%
19%
7%7%
23%
23%
40%
9%8%
16%
29%
38%
6%15%
9%
33%
36%
BILLION POUNDS
QUADS
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
1990 2015 2050
0.8
0.4
0
4%
44%20%
15%
17%
2015 2040
4%
41%23%
13%
19%
7%7%
23%
23%
40%
9%8%
16%
29%
38%
6%15%
9%
33%
36%
BILLION POUNDS
QUADS
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
1990 2015 2050
0.8
0.4
0
4%
44%20%
15%
17%
2015 2040
4%
41%23%
13%
19%
7%7%
23%
23%
40%
9%8%
16%
29%
38%
6%15%
9%
33%
36%
54
AMERICANTHE OF
AFPM’s petrochemical manufacturing members own and operate 248 petro- chemical manufacturing facilities that transform feedstocks refined from crude oil and natural gas into the building blocks of leading-edge technological devices, including high-performance prosthetics and artificial heart valves, and high-tech materials that make cars lighter and more fuel-efficient. Petrochemicals are even essential to the manufactur-ing of solar panels, windmill blades, and high-tech insulation systems used to produce hydroelectric power.
America’s petroleum refiners and petrochemical manufacturers create products that are easily taken for granted. Yet, these products are essential —and make our lives easier, healthier, safer, and more productive.
The American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers (AFPM) represent 365 technologically advanced facilities that provide the fuels that keep America moving and materials essential to many products we use every day.
Our members own and operate 117 refineries that account for 97 percent of U.S. refining capacity, producing the gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, heating oil, and other petro-leum products that power our lives.1 American refineries are among the most sophisticated and efficient in the world and continue to dominate the front ranks of the global refining industry. U.S. refining capacity2 has increased to more than 18 million barrels per day, up more than 10 percent since 2000.3 In 2015, U.S.
refineries supplied more than 225 billion gallons of transportation, heating, and other fuels to consum-ers in the United States, as well as in Latin America, Europe, Africa, and Asia. U.S. refineries also supply the lubricants that keep engines running smoothly, waxes that make paper products resistant to moisture, and petrochemical feedstocks—the raw materials for a growing world economy.
Through the middle of the 21st century, petroleum5 is expected to continue supplying more than a third of U.S. energy demand, thus remaining an essential source of energy for America.6
Globally, petroleum and other liquid fuels will continue to supply more than 40 percent of total world energy demand through 2040.
World demand for petrochemicals has more than doubled in the last 20 years and is expected to continue to grow. As billions of people join the ranks of the global middle-class, demand for products made from petrochemicals will continue to increase, creating business and export opportunities for U.S. companies and workers. Thanks to record levels of capital investment, the members of AFPM are poised to make the most of this remark-able opportunity for our country and the world.
INNOVATIONSOURCE
GLOBAL PETROCHEMICAL DEMAND8
GLOBAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY FUEL4
U.S. ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY SOURCE7
Nuclear & UraniumRenewables
CoalNatural Gas
Petroleum & Other Liquids
Plastics
Olefins
Methanol-Ammonia
InorganicsFibersAromatics
RenewablesElectricityCoal
Natural GasPetroleum & Other Liquids
76
U.S. refineries keep America moving—and will continue to do so. In 2015, refined petro- leum products supplied more than 92 percent of the energy consumed by the U.S. trans-portation sector.14 In the future, even as more electric and hybrid-electric vehicles hit the road, refined petroleum products will continue to be the primary source of energy in the U.S. transportation sector, supplying 88 percent of demand in 2050.15
Plastics from petrochemicals are essential to the safety and perfor-mance breakthroughs of today’s cars, minivans, pickups, and SUVs.18
As the United States continues to tighten fuel efficiency standards, petrochemicals become even more important to automakers utilizing technologies to make stronger, yet lighter plastics and composites. This is especially true for hybrid-electric and electric cars, where lighter materials are needed to offset heavy batteries.19
This same efficiency evolution is taking place for aircraft. Carbon fiber composites derived from petrochemicals are used in landing gear doors, wing flaps, horizontal stabilizers, vertical fins, and many other aircraft parts.20
Refined petroleum products also supply industrial, com-mercial, and residential demand for energy, as well as demand for petrochemical feedstocks. In 2015, more than 80 billion gallons of petroleum products were supplied to these sectors, including more than 5 billion gallons of petrochemical feedstocks. By 2050 the supply to the in-dustrial, residential, and commercial sectors is expected to grow to more than 110 billion gallons. Petroleum products supplied more than 25 percent of total U.S. industrial energy demand in 2015 – a share that is expected to increase to 29 percent by 2050,17 including more than 9 billion gallons of feedstocks for petrochemical manufacturing.
The fuels we manufacture power the ambulances that save lives and the helicopters that rush donor organs to patients who need life-saving transplants – over 30,000 in 2015.13
We produce the diesel fuel that America’s trucking fleet uses to move more than 98 percent of consumer goods to market.12 We manufacture the jet fuel that powers the planes that allow U.S. airlines to move more than two million passen-gers and nearly 50,000 tons of cargo each day.
AFPM members provide the gaso-line and other fuels used by the 86 percent of Americans who commute to work by automobile.10 We provide the fuels that move almost 25 million children on nearly half-a-million school buses every day.11
The fuels we produce move hundreds of millions of Americans to work and school, take them on vacation, and get them to the many places they need and want to go.9
MOVINGAMERICA FORWARD2015FUEL92.2%
2.7%4.9%
0.1%0.0%
205088.0%
4.6%5.8%
1.4%0.2%
Petroleum and Other HC Liquids
Natural GasRenewable Liquids
ElectricityLiquid Hydrogen
TRANSPORTATION SECTOR ENERGY USE BY FUEL TYPE16
98
High Tech in Your HandsThe casing, keyboard, and screen of your personal computer are manufactured from our products, as are the plastics in your gaming handsets, tablet computers, smart phones, HDTVs, and laptops. Our products are used to make most of the plastics and resins used by 3-D printers.24 By 2020, it is estimated that there will be 18 billion devices wirelessly linked together by the “Internet of Things,” a world made possible by petrochemicals and powered by fossil fuels.25
Promoting HealthWe provide the organic molecules used to make your medications and the wearable devices that monitor your fitness and health throughout the day. Our products are essential to manufacturing sports apparel and equipment, from the polyester in your cycling shorts26 to the carbon rubber outsoles and nylon uppers in your running shoes.27
In hospitals, we provide the mate-rials that go into making surgical gowns, face masks, dressings, bandages, tubing used for dialysis, blood transfusions, and most other disposable medical supplies.28
Refiners and petrochemical manu-facturers make fuels that power the world and provide the building blocks for the gadgets, appliances, and other products that make our modern world possible.21
At HomeThe plastic in the smartphone that wakes us in the morning is derived from petrochemicals. So is the plastic in shower curtains and tooth-brushes.22 Almost 10 percent of U.S. households that heat their homes use heating oil or propane to keep warm in the winter.23
Farm-to-Table Your food comes from farms made more productive by petrochemicals, from materials used to construct greenhouses, irrigation pipes, bailing twine, and silage bags used to store animal feed, to the packaging that keeps your food from spoiling.
Products made from our building blocks make possible the high-tech bassinets and incubators for neonatal intensive care units and reduce the risk associated with blood transfusions and open heart surgery. Our products help deliver life saving, preventative medicine to hundreds of millions of Americans each year, including more than 150 million flu shots during the 2016-2017 flu season.29
At PlayThe fuels we produce take you on vacation and power the boats and motorcycles you use for your leisure activities. We support the $22.8 billion sports equipment market with materials to make hockey pads, baseball uniforms, football helmets, bicycles, racing skies, snowboards, kayaks and oars, fishing poles, exer-cise equipment, and even golf balls.30
Safety at Home and AbroadOur materials are used to make the flame-resistant helmets, hoods, coats, coveralls, boots, and gloves that protect firefighters. We also provide the raw materials for military combat uniforms, boots, helmets, and body armor.31
Petrochemicals are essential to the plastics used to manufacture in-creasingly more versatile and lifelike high-tech prosthetics, invaluable to the more than 1,600 U.S. Armed Forces and U.S. civilian personnel who have lost limbs in combat since 2000.32
Our products make our lives healthier, safer, more productive, and more enjoyable—in a million beneficial ways.
A MILLIONBENEFICIALUSES
1110
Since 1990, EPA data shows that the refining industry has significantly reduced air emis-sions, even while increasing fuel production. The chemical industry has reduced emissions by more than 44 percent since 200334 and by 12 percent alone from 2013 to 2014. These re-ductions are part of a long-term trend, documented by EPA and state regulators.
Refining and petrochemical man-ufacturing have low rates of injury and illness, some 0.2 and 0.6 inci-dents per 100 full-time employees, respectively. These safety records are significantly lower than the aver-age rate across all sectors, including air transportation (6.6 incidents per 100 employees), agriculture (5.7), all manufacturing (3.8), and even profes-sional and business services (1.4).33
Year after year, AFPM member com- panies innovate, harnessing human ingenuity to make the air and water cleaner and to reduce waste, achieving an outstanding record of compliance with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and state regulations.
Air Transportation
Agriculture Manufacturing Business Services
Petrochemical Manufacturing
Refining
RATES OF INJURY AND ILLNESS ACROSS SECTORS (PER 100 FULL-TIME EMPLOYEES)
DEDICATION SAFETY
Our members protect their employees, contractors, and surrounding communities with the most advanced technologies and safety practices in the world.
TO
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
BILLIONS OF GALLONS
U.S. EXPORTS OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
Petroleum CokeFeedstocks & Other LiquidsNatural Gas LiquidsDistillate
Jet Fuel/KeroseneResidual FuelGasoline
1312
They also contribute $530 billion to the U.S. economy. Refinery capital spending is projected to exceed $8.5 billion for the 2016 through 2020 period.35
The United States is now well estab-lished as a net exporter of refined petroleum products. In 2015, U.S. refineries supplied more than 65 billion gallons of finished fuels like gasoline, propane, and diesel; and
intermediates and feedstocks like gasoline blending components and naphtha to more than 90 countries in Latin America, Europe, Africa, and Asia.
By 2050, U.S. exports of petroleum products are expected to increase by almost 50 percent to more than 95 billion gallons per year.36
At the same time, the U.S. petro- chemical industry—and other man-ufacturing sectors that depend on us—are focused on investing in an even greater future.
The petrochemical industry directly and indirectly employs over 2 million jobs. It contributes more than $300 billion to the U.S. economy. Petro-chemical manufacturers are project-ed to spend more than $12.5 billion in capital expenditures in 2017 alone.37
Petroleum refiners and petrochem-ical manufacturers together have a combined $830 billion contri-bution to the U.S. economy38 and planned investments will allow us to find even better ways to trans-form oil and natural gas into useful molecules that result in economic growth, public revenue, and jobs.
The petrochemical and refining companies help support local, state, and federal budgets. Together, the two industries account for $100 billion in federal tax revenue and $76 billion in state and local taxes.39
U.S. petrochemical manufacturing accounts for 11 percent of total nondurable manufacturing revenue.40 With demand for petrochemicals forecast to rise on average six percent a year through 2020, our contribution to the strength of U.S. manufacturing is expected to rise much faster than most parts of the economy.41
This new level of activity is having a profound effect on U.S. competitiveness and our standing as a world trading power. We project that by 2020, U.S. petrochemical export volumes will have increased 60 percent over 2015 volumes, while petro-chemical imports will have dropped by 40 percent.42
As the American refining and petro- chemical industries continue to expand, the ripple effects of our capital investments will be felt throughout the economy. For exam-ple, petrochemical manufacturers will invest over $130 billion during the next decade in the construction of new manufacturing facilities, creating over 200,000 jobs.43
As we grow, our indus-tries will indirectly support millions of American jobs ranging from small businesses in local communities that cater to refinery workers to careers in trucking and employ-ment in almost every industry.
JOBS&COMPETITIVENESSAFPM refinery members directly and indirectly employ more than 3.5 million Americans.
AN AMERICAN ECONOMIC
POWERHOUSE: Impact on the U.S. economy
1514
AFPM members are reaching out to future workers of all ages from kindergarten students to those enrolled in community colleges and universities. We are educating them about refining and petrochemical manufacturing, helping them to understand the benefits we bring to the world and encouraging them to join our industries.
Our companies know that knowl-edge and understanding of science, technology, engineering, and math-ematics (STEM) are important to the future of our industry and the world.
To showcase rewarding careers in energy, we are collaborating with the Consumer Energy Alliance and the Consumer Energy Educational Foundation to sponsor an annual Energy Day that draws thousands of K-12 students to more than 50 interactive exhibits, hands-on science demonstrations, and presentations focused on careers in energy.44
AFPM partners with EdVenture to provide hands-on, real-world learn-ing experiences for college students. This partnership challenges students on campuses around the country to create awareness campaigns to ed-ucate their peers and even younger generations about the opportunities in and benefits of our industries.45
AFPM hosts an expansive workforce website—workforce. afpm.org—that offers informa-tion on career paths, career resources, and links to our member companies’ websites in English and Spanish. The Spanish language version of this website allows us to directly reach out to Hispanics, who make up a significant (17 percent) and growing segment of the U.S. population.47
Women currently make up 22 percent of the petrochemical workforce. We are working hard to increase their participation, focusing on social media, innovative outreach, and effective networking events to encourage more women to join the refining and petro-chemical industries.48
INVOLVINGALLAMERICANS
As our industries expand, so does our focus on diversifying our workforce. Veterans, women, and people from under-represented communities are joining our companies and filling the critical, highly skilled, and well-paying jobs that characterize our industries.
AFPM works with American Jobs for America’s Heroes to support the largest private-sector job bank ded-icated to military personnel. We also partner with Hiring Our Heroes to help veterans and military spouses find meaningful employment through nationwide hiring fairs.46
1716
Throughout the world, our industries support economic prosperity, human develop-ment, and environmental sus-tainability. In the United States, the refining and petrochem-ical industries are expand-ing, bringing needed jobs to millions of Americans, both directly and indirectly, while focusing on environmental stewardship and improving environmental performance year after year.
In many parts of the world, however, people lack access to electricity and the conveniences of modern life, often relying on hazardous and environmentally costly resources for energy. Energy-poor nations need secure access to energy supplies and the products that can improve the well-being of their citizens. Our industries have already improved the living standards for millions of people.
In India, China, and parts of Africa, economic development has the potential to improve the quality of life for millions of people. Our industries can provide the energy to light their homes, cook their food, and supply the products and materials to make their lives easier, healthier, safer, and more productive.
HELPING MAKEPROGRESS
ALLFOR
As world energy demand continues to grow, as sources of energy supply diversify, and as billions of people around the world work to improve their standard of living, the refining and petrochemical manufacturing industries are committed to supporting public policies that balance access to energy, the products that define our modern world, environmental sustainability, and economic prosperity.
19
AFPM– WORKING FOR YOU
2017 INDUSTRY MEETINGS
International Petrochemical ConferenceGrand Hyatt San Antonio San Antonio, TXMarch 26 – 28, 2017
Labor Relations/Human Resources ConferenceMarriott Plaza San Antonio San Antonio, TXApril 27 – 28, 2017
Reliability & MaintenanceConference and ExhibitionErnest N. Morial Convention Center New Orleans, LAMay 23 – 26, 2017
International Base Oils & Waxes Conference(formerly the International Lubricants & Waxes Conference)Grand Hyatt San Antonio San Antonio, TXMarch 27 – 28, 2017
Annual MeetingMarriott Rivercenter San Antonio, TXMarch 19 – 21, 2017
MARCH
APRIL
MAY
Security ConferenceMarriott Plaza San Antonio San Antonio, TXApril 24 – 26, 2017
National Occupational & Process Safety ConferenceNew Orleans Marriott New Orleans, LAMay 17 – 18, 2017
Operations & Process Technology Summit (formerly Q&A and Technology Forum)JW Marriott Austin Austin, TXOctober 2 – 4, 2017
Environmental ConferenceGrand Hyatt Denver Denver, COOctober 15 – 17, 2017
SEPTEMBER
OCTOBER
Board of Directors MeetingBy Invitation
2120
Mr. David LampPresident and Chief Operating Officer Western Refining CompanyTempe, AZ
Mr. Daniel Coombs Executive Vice President, Global Manufacturing, Projects, Refining & Technology LyondellBasell IndustriesHouston, TX
Mr. Jeff RamseyExecutive Vice President, Marketing Flint Hills Resources, LPWichita, KS
Mr. Jack LipinskiCEO CVR Energy, Inc.Sugar Land, TX
Mr. Michael CoylePresident, Manufacturing Chevron Richmond Chevron U.S.A. Inc.San Ramon, CA
Mr. Jerry WascomPresident, ExxonMobil Refining & Supply Co. Exxon Mobil CorporationSpring, TX
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
Mr. James S. LovingSenior Vice President, Refining, Pipelines and Terminals CHS Inc.Inver Grove Heights, MN
Mr. George DamirisCEO & President HollyFrontier CorporationDallas, TX
Mr. Thomas J. NimbleyChief Executive Officer PBF Energy Inc.Parsippany, NJ
Mr. Patrick QuarlesExecutive Vice President and President, Acetyl Chain and Integrated Supply Chain Celanese Ltd.Irving, TX
Mr. Lawrence M. Ziemba Chairman of the BoardExecutive Vice President, Refining Phillips 66Houston, TX
Mr. Dennis Seith TreasurerPresident & CEO INEOS Olefins & Polymers USALeague City, TX
Mr. Gary R. HemingerChairman, President and Chief Executive Officer Marathon Petroleum CorporationFindlay, OH
Mr. Joseph W. Gorder Vice ChairmanChairman, President and Chief Executive Officer Valero Energy CorporationSan Antonio, TX
Mr. Gregory J. Goff Past ChairmanChairman, President and Chief Executive Officer Tesoro CorporationSan Antonio, TX
2322
INTERNATIONAL MEMBERSAsahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation
Axion EnergyFederico Garcia Verdier
China Petrochemical Technology Company LimitedZhong Yonggang
Consumers’ Co-operative Refineries LtdGilbert Le Dressay
Delamine B.V.Gert van der Knaap
Essar Oil LimitedSatheesan Vengallur
Evonik CorporationRonald Birnbaum
Industrias Derivadas Del Etileno, S.A. DE C.V.Bernardo Certucha
HPCL - Mittal Energy Ltd.Kulbhushan Wadhwa
Irving Oil Limited
ITOCHU Chemicals America Inc.Satoshi Tojo
Marubeni America CorporationKazuki Aikawa
MEGlobalJim Ashworth
Mitsubishi International CorporationMiya Kumar
Mitsui & Co. (U.S.A.), Inc.Yuichi Masuda
Petrojam LimitedKailyn Burnett
PETROTRIN
Reliance Industries Ltd.Rajesh Prasad
Samsung C&T America, Inc.Jin Kim
Solvay
Sumitomo Corporation of AmericasJill Walters
UBE Industries (America), Inc.Shin Kawasuso
Versalis S.p.A.Stefano Soccol
Albemarle CorporationRaphael Crawford
American Refining Group, Inc.Tim Brown
Arkema Inc.Richard Rennard
Baker Hughes IncorporatedJim Macaluso
BASF CorporationHeidi Alderman
Big West Oil, LLCMark Keim
BP PetrochemicalsLuis Sierra
BP Products North AmericaDoug Sparkman
Braskem America, Inc.Mark Nikolich
Calcasieu Refining CompanyRuss Willmon
Celanese Ltd.Patrick Quarles
Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LPMark Lashier
Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Michael Coyle
CHS Inc.James Loving
CITGO Petroleum CorporationEduardo Assef
Cornerstone ChemicalPaul Mikesell
Countrymark Cooperative Holding CorporationMatthew Smorch
Criterion Catalysts & TechnologiesAndy Gosse
CVR Energy, Inc.Jack Lipinski
Delek Refining Ltd.Frederec Green
Deltech CorporationZachary Levine
DuPontGlenn Liolios
Eastman Chemical CompanyMichael Berry
Enterprise Products Operating LLCCorey Johnson
Ergon, Inc.Kris Patrick
ExxonMobil Refining and Supply Co.Jerry Wascom
ExxonMobil Chemical Co.Bruce March
Flint Hills Resources, LPJeff Ramsey
Formosa Plastics Corporation, USAPaul Huang
GE Water & Process TechnologiesRaymon Barlow
Grace Catalysts TechnologiesAlbert Beninati
HollyFrontier CorporationGeorge Damiris
Honeywell Inc.Sridhar Srinivasan
Hunt Refining CompanyTom Schmitt
Huntsman CorporationDouglas Culpon
Husky EnergyBob Baird
INEOS Olefins & Polymers USADennis Seith
Koch Industries, Inc.David Dotson
LyondellBasell IndustriesDaniel Coombs & James Guilfoyle
Marathon Petroleum CorporationRaymond Brooks
Marathon Petroleum CorporationGary Heminger
Merichem CompanyKendra Lee
Monroe Energy, LLCGraeme Burnett
Motiva Enterprises LLCDan Romasko
NALCO ChampionDanny Rey
NOVA Chemicals Corporation Naushad Jamani
Occidental Chemical Corporation Robert Peterson
Olin Chlor Alkali Products and Vinyls John McIntosh
Oxea CorporationPurnendu Rai
Par Petroleum LLCJoseph Israel
Pasadena Refining System, Inc. Rodrigo Abramof
PBF Energy Inc.Thomas Nimbley
Philadelphia Energy Solutions (PES)Philip Rinaldi
Phillips 66Lawrence Ziemba
Placid Refining CompanyDan Robinson
SABICKhalid Almazyed
Shell Chemical CompanyGreg Willms
Sinclair Oil Corporation Clint Ensign
SolenisEdward Connors
South Hampton Resources, Inc. Simon Upfill-Brown
Suncor Energy, Inc.Joseph Vetrone
Tesoro CorporationGregory Goff
The Dow Chemical Company Douglas May
The International Group, Inc. Ross Reucassel
The Linde GroupRaghu Menon
The Williams Companies John Dearborn
Total Petrochemicals & Refining USA, Inc.Christophe Gerondeau
TPC GroupEdward Dineen
U.S. Oil & Refining CoCameron Proudfoot
UOP LLC - A Honeywell CompanyRebecca Liebert
Valero Energy Corporation Lane Riggs
Valero Energy Corporation Joseph Gorder
Western Refining Company David Lamp
Westlake Chemical Corporation Albert Chao
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
A.T. Kearney, Inc.Neal Walters
Advanced Refining TechnologiesAndre Lanning
AECOMDonald Nedanovich
Aegis Energy Advisors Corp.Garfield Miller
Afton Chemical CorporationLarry Cunningham
Aggreko, LLCAshwin Kumar
Air Liquide Large Industries U.S. LPSusan Ellerbusch
Airgas, Inc.Steve Hope
Akzo Nobel Polymer ChemicalsNiek Stapel
Alfa Laval PackinoxThierry Sourp
AlixPartners LLPEric Hillenbrand
All4 Inc.Kristin Gordon
Allied UniversalJerry Drumwright
Allied Universal SecurityAdam Serna
AltairStrickland, IncJeffrey Webber
Altran North America Steve Genca
Ambitech Engineering CorporationAllan Koenig
Amec Foster WheelerSteve Beeston
Amerisafe Consulting & Safety ServicesGeorge Kaza
Apex Companies, LLCCristina Jorge Schwarz, PG
Apprion, Inc.Sindhu Keck
AramcoTracie Esparza
Argo, IncAlan Free
Argus MediaKristine Klavers
Aspen Technology, Inc.Karsten Harstad
Asset Performance NetworksGeorge DeBakey
Athlon SolutionsMichael McShan
Atlantic Methanol Production Co.Edson Jones
Austin Industrial, Inc.Barry Babyak
Axens North AmericaChristian Vaute
AZZ WSIMichael Welch
BAKER & O’BRIENWilliam Robert Donnell
Baker Engineering and Risk Consultants, Inc.Jeff Baker
Barr Engineering CompanyJoel Trinkle
Bay Ltd.Robert Blair
Becht Engineering Co., Inc.Derek Becht
Bechtel CorporationJennifer Michael
BIC AllianceThomas Brinsko
ASSOCIATE MEMBERS
2524
Booz Allen Hamilton
Bouchard Transportation Co., Inc.Morton Bouchard III
Brand Energy and Infrastructure ServicesJoe Sadowski
Brenntag North America, Inc.
Brinderson, L.P.Gary Wilson
Brock GroupMichael McGinnis
Brown and CaldwellRandy Kabrick
Burns & McDonnellDavid Nispel
C&I EngineeringJames Kerr
Campbell Fittings, Inc.Thomas Paff
CARBERChris Pettitt
Catalyst & Chemical ContainersWilliam Stacy
CB&IScott Wiseman
Cenovus Energy Inc.Robert Pease
CertifiedSafety, Inc.Linda Duran
CH2MSamir Dave
Chemical DataCharles Sievert
Chemium International Corp.Thomas Holzmann
ChemTreat, Inc.John Alcorn
Chevron Lummus Global LLC Janna Chin
Clariant Corporation Robert Graupner
Clean Air Engineering Scott Evans
Clean Harbors Environmental Svcs Anthony Lerubino
CMC - Commercial Metals CompanyMark Eilbacher
CME GroupChris LaRosa
Contract Fabricators, Inc.Boyce DeLashmit
Cooling Tower Depot, Inc. Dennis Sheldon
CrystaphaseJohn Glover
Cust-O-FabDean Ojeda
DeloitteMike Krenek
Deployed Resources
DEWright, Inc.David Wright
Dorf Ketal Chemicals, LLC
Downstream Advisors, Inc.Steven Graybill
Dresser-RandDavid Vincent
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc.Brian Lesinski
Emerson Automation SolutionsJerry Brown
Emission Monitoring Services, Inc. (EMSI)Matthew Gobert
Environmental Resources ManagementCarl Shaffer
Envirosystems Inc.Robert Schwichtenberg
EthosEnergy Field Services, LLCSteve Pairish
Eurecat U.S. IncorporatedFrederic Jardin
Evergreen Industrial ServicesLiz Huard
Excel Modular ScaffoldDylan Fulton
Firestone PolymersMark Rymer
Flexitallic L.P.Louis Gonzales
Fluor CorporationGlenn Hemann
Gallop Tower Field ServiceTim ReBeau
Gantrade CorporationH. Aaron Parekh
Gayesco-Wika USARobert Torgerson
Graywolf Industrial CompanyJack Allen
GTC Technology US, LLCChuck Fink
Gulf Chemical & Metallurgical Corp.Jay Jaffe
Gulf Publishing - Hydrocarbon ProcessingJohn Royall
Gulfspan Industrial, LLCJake Smalley
Haldor Topsoe, Inc.Henrik Rasmussen
Hargrove Engineers + ConstructorsRalph Hargrove
Helm AGVolker Seebeck
Hertz Equipment Rental Corporation James Fiscus
HOERBIGER Compression TechnologyCarlos Carratu
HTIJeffrey Gendler
Hunter Buildings & Manufacturing, LPBuddy Tucker
HydroChem LLCDavid Thompson
IAGEugene Cotten
ICISAllison Farone
ICLAnantha Desikan
IHS MarkitBrenda Lescarbeau
IMI Z&JKaren Frericks
Infineum USA L.P.Steve Benwell
IngeneroBill Waycaster
Innospec Fuel Specialties LLCJim Vrzak
Inserv - Integrated Service Company LLCGordon Hampton
InterAtlas Chemical Inc. Paul Bozek
Interchem USARoberto Dahlgren
Intertek PARC
ioMosaic CorporationGeorges Melhem
Island Energy Services, LLC Jon Mauer
J.J. White, Inc.James White
Jacobs Engineering Group Inc.Lee Dacey
James & Luther, Inc.Richard Chavez
JCL Safety ServicesJames Lefler
JO Tankers Inc.Paal-Espen Olavesen
Johnson Matthey Process TechnologiesJennifer Rennick
Katten Muchin Rosenman LLPMark Farley
KBC Advanced Technologies, Inc.Andrew McMullan
KBRDouglas Kelly
KH Neochem Americas, Inc.Takeshi Matsui
KiewitShayne Andersen
KiOR, Inc.John Kasbaum
Kirby Inland Marine, LP
Kolmar Americas, Inc.Rafael Aviner
KP Engineering, LPWilliam Heimbaugh
KPMG LLP Regina Mayor
LANXESS CorporationJames Raines
Lauren Engineers & Constructors, Inc.Randal Lipps
LBC Houston, LPRussell Crawford
Leidos Engineering LLC
Lewis GoetzTerry Subia
Liskow & LewisGreg Johnson
Lucite International Inc.Robert Connolly
Lummus TechnologyHelion Sardina
MAHLE Industrial Filtration Steve Franke
Masterank America Inc.
Matheson Lori McDowell
Matrix ServiceLeslie Windler
McKinsey & CompanyKhush Nariman
Meridium Inc.Jane Bailey
Merrick & CompanyTravis Beattie
Middough Inc., Daniel Lowry
MISTRAS Group Inc.Sotirios Vahaviolos, PhD
Montrose Environmental Group, Inc. Daniel Fitzgerald
Muse, Stancil & Company Neil Earnest
Navigant Consulting, Inc. Lee J. Laviolette
Nexant Inc.Bruce Burke
Nooter CorporationBernard Wicklein
North West Redwater Partnership (NWR)Mitchell Loughlin
Norton Engineering Consultants, Inc.James Norton
NovaPexLaurent Castor
Odfjell USA (Houston) Inc. David Ellis
OhmstedeDoug Harrington
Oiltanking Rance Fromme
Old World Industries, LLC James Bryan
ReichholdJoel Hambrick
Reliability Management Group (RMG)Matt Noble
Rentech Boiler Services, Inc. Lee King
Repcon, Inc.Robert Parker
Richard Industrial Group, Inc. Richard Gaona
Rive Technology, IncDavid Aldous
Roddey Engineering Services, Inc.,Michael Newton
S&B Engineers and Constructors Ltd.J.D. Slaughter
Sabin Metal Corporation Bradford Cook
Safway GroupKarla Cuculi
Sage Environmental Consulting Steve Probst
Satellite Shelters, Inc.Michele McMurdo
SavageJason Ray
Scheck Mechanical Corporation Joseph Lasky
Schneider ElectricGuy Grumbles
Securitas Critical Infrastructure Services, Inc.Michael Morton
Sentinel Integrity Solutions Mike Shaw
Service Radio - Industrial Blind SolutionsRhiannon Gould
SGS Petroleum Service CorporationBrian Haymon
Opportune LLP
OSIsoftJ. Kennedy
ParFab CompaniesFrank Wolfe
PCL Industrial Construction Co. Kent Free
PCS Sales Troy Erny
Performance Contractors, Inc. Lee Jenkins
Perstorp Specialty Chemicals David Wolf
Pilko & Associates, Inc.George Pilko
Plant Automation Services, Inc. Meredith Mohr
Plant Performance Services LLC (P2S)Douglas Theriot
Porocel International, LLC Terence McHugh
Praxair Inc.Michael Jordan
PricewaterhouseCoopersReid Morrison
Process Consulting Services Inc. Scott Golden
Procter & Gamble Company George Koehnke
PSCRick Pitman
RAMBOLL ENVIRONAndrew Edwards
Recon Refractory Engineering & Const.Dan Bellamy
RedGuardTim Taton
Refractory Construction Services Co., LLCChris Lanclos
ASSOCIATE MEMBERS cont.
2726
Systech Environmental Corporation Joe Durczynski
Systran, Inc.Walter Jackson
T.A. CookHeather Moore
TapcoEnpro, LLC.David Anderson
Tauber Oil CompanyRichard Tauber
Team, Inc.Ted Owen
Technip USABrent Schier
Tecnon OrbiChem Ltd.Charles Fryer
Texas Aromatics L.P.Melbern Glasscock
Textron AviationLee Butler
The Babcock & Wilcox Co. Laura Kozerski
The Equity Engineering Group David Osage
The Mundy CompaniesDavid Mundy
Third Coast International Jim Clawson
Total Energy Corp.Robert Armentano
Total Safety U.S., Inc.Troy Thacker
Toyota Tsusho America, Inc.
Trammo, Inc. Chemicals Division Richard Bateman
TRCMichael Krall
Tricon Energy, Ltd.Ignacio Torras
Shermco IndustriesJason Greer
SI GroupPaul Tilley
Siemens Energy, Inc. - Water SolutionsThomas Schultz
SLR/E.Vironment, LLCGeoffrey Swett
SNC-Lavalin Hydrocarbons & Chemicals USADominick Trupia
Sojitz Corporation of America Takenori Teramoto
Solomon Associates LLCCharles Reith
Sonneborn, LLCLuther Jones
South Chicago Packing Co. Michael Botelho
Southern Chemical Corporation Jan Spin
Spirit EnvironmentalZachary Byrd
SPX Cooling Technologies Shane Taysom
Stancil & Co.Jeffrey Nichols
STARCON International Inc. Peter Cianchette
STCBrian Wilson
Stolt-Nielsen USA, Inc.Richard Bertrand
Sulzer Chemtech USA, Inc. Rodney Frisbie
Superheat FGH Services Joe Borror
Swift Fuels, LLCChris D’Acosta
Tricord Consulting, LLC Joseph Ibanez
Trihydro CorporationCalvin Niss
Trinity Consultants, Inc.John Hofmann
TrinityRailRobert Hulick
Tristar Global Energy Solutions, Inc.Meghan Kidwell
Turneraround Logistics, Inc.
Turner Industries Group, LLC Tobie Craig
Turner, Mason & Company Malcolm Turner
United Rentals, Inc.Michael Abbey
Univar USA Inc.George Fuller
Universal Plant Services, Inc. Brad Jones
VallenDale Rudloff
Vapor Point, LLCJefferey St. Amant
Veolia North AmericaMiranda Schield
Vopak North America Inc. Dick Richelle
Waid EnvironmentalJason Graves
Watson Millican & Co.C. David Millican
WeaverWade Watson
William W. Rutherford & Associates William Rutherford
Wink Engineering, LLCAnthony Farris
Wood Group MustangVikas Moharir
Wood MackenzieRonald Cormier
WorleyParsonsPaul Fisher
YokogawaEric Heavin
Zachry GroupKeith Manning
Zeeco, Inc.Stan Brander
ASSOCIATE MEMBERS cont. AFPM Would Like to Thank Our 2016 Sponsors
2928
STANDING COMMITTEES
The Communications Committee shares information, ideas and com-munications strategies to increase support by external audiences for policy positions established by the Executive Committee and adopted by the AFPM Board. Chair: Kirk Novak, Merichem Company AFPM Secretary: Rebecca Adler
The Associate Steering Committee provides a forum for the Associa-tion’s contractors, suppliers, vendors and consultants, to communicate with the Board of Directors on items of mutual interest and support. Chair: Jeff Webber, Altairstrickland, Inc. AFPM Secretary: Latoya Blackburn
The Environmental Committee provides a forum for members to exchange views and discuss envi-ronmental activities and advises the AFPM Board and staff on current environmental laws/regulations.Chair: Doug Price, Tesoro Corporation AFPM Secretary: David Friedman
The AFPM Board of Directors relies on the counsel and support of experts among its membership to accomplish specific Association functions and plan for the Association’s future. There are 20 standing committees that serve to assist the Board in achieving AFPM’s goals.
Please visit the AFPM website for a complete description of all committees and their rosters at www.afpm.org/committees.
The Fuels Committee provides infor-mation and policy recommendations concerning legislative, regulatory and motor fuel specification developments.Chair: Fred Walas, Marathon Petroleum Corporation AFPM Secretary: Tim Hogan
The Government Relations Com-mittee serves as the principal forum for sharing information, ideas and strategies on legislative and regula-tory issues important to the refining and petrochemical industries.Chair: Jake Menefee, Marathon Petroleum Corporation AFPM Secretary: Geoff Moody
The Legal Committee provides legal and litigation strategy recommenda-tions to advance the interests of the Association membership.Chair: Trevor Black, Chevron U.S.A. Inc. AFPM Secretary: Rich Moskowitz
The Labor Relations & Human Re-sources Committee facilitates the exchange of information on matters related to industrial and labor relations, human resources practices and col-lective bargaining. Chair: Chad Wilfong, Valero Energy Corporation AFPM Secretary: Daniel Strachan
The Base Oils and Waxes Commit-tee provides oversight and assistance on matters related to automotive oils, base oils and waxes.Chair: Dick Stuart, Westlake Chemical Corporation AFPM Secretary: Daniel Strachan
The Waxes Subcommittee promotes the benefits of current and new wax uses and technologies to the mar-ketplace as well as issues related to the safe handling transportation and specifications of petroleum wax. Chair: Terry Truitt, Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LP AFPM Secretary: Daniel Strachan
The Reliability and Maintenance Committee promotes the exchange of technical information and proven practices on reliability, maintenance, inspection, procurement, project engineering and turnarounds.Chair: Brad Hase, BP Refining AFPM Secretary: Gordon Robertson
The Manufacturing Committee provides technical support and rec-ommendations on matters that affect facility operations and products including federal, state and local laws and regulations.Chair: Alan Davis, Chevron U.S.A. Inc.AFPM Secretary: James McCloskey
The Petrochemical Statistics Sub-committee advises and assists the Petrochemical Committee and AFPM staff on matters pertaining to the col-lection and dissemination of statistics on petrochemical, including trade, production and inventories. Chair: Brian Sinn, Enterprise Products Operating LLC AFPM Secretary: Rose Sabijon
The Operational Planning Control and Automation Technologies Committee focuses on sharing practical experience with the appli-cation management, and integration of computing technology in areas in-cluding process control and automa-tion, modeling, real-time optimization and Internet-based applications. Chair: Adi Punuru, ExxonMobil AFPM Secretary: Daniel Strachan
The Safety and Health Committee provides a forum for members to ex-change views and share occupation-al and process safety best practices and developments in safety related legislation and regulation.Chair: Michael Ingraham, BP Products North America AFPM Secretary: Lara Swett
The Industrial Hygiene Subcom-mittee provides a forum for the exchange of information on industrial hygiene, regulatory and legislative trends and developments as well as other matters concerning industrial hygiene standards and practice.Chair: Bill Hurt, Flint Hills Resources, LP AFPM Secretary: Gordon Robertson
The Security Committee solicits and assembles recommendations on se-curity-related practices and policies, standards and guidelines, and regulatory and legislative trends and ensures recommendations receive consider-ation by appropriate governmental bodies, industry or trade groups.Chair: Bob Force, Tesoro Corporation AFPM Secretary: Jeff Gunnulfsen
The Cybersecurity Subcommittee provides information and recom-mendations on matters pertaining to cybersecurity and cyber threats.Chair: Jason Bottjen, Valero Energy Corporation AFPM Secretary: Daniel Strachan
The Tax Policy Committee provides analysis and recommendations on tax-related legislation and engages in regulatory matters at the U.S. Treasury Department and Internal Revenue Service. Chair: Audrey Miller, Phillips 66 AFPM Secretary: Lauren Sheehan
The Issues Committee advises the Executive Committee and provides direction and guidance to AFPM staff on current policy issues important to the refining and petrochemical industries.Chair: Joseph Gorder, Valero Energy Corporation AFPM Secretary: Geoff Moody
The Petrochemical Committee advises the AFPM Board and staff on current issues of importance to the petrochemical industry. Chair: Raphael Crawford, Albemarle AFPM Secretary: Robert McArver
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PublicationsAFPM publications inform our members about industry statistics, technical innovations, environment and safety developments, security, and many other relevant issues.
AFPM’s online store allows you to search technical papers and reports by keyword, author, and/or meeting and directly down-load to your computer. Learn more at afpm.org/publications.
Newsletters and General Publications · Industries Report
· Daily Alert
· Fuel Line
· Green Room Report
· Security Watch
· Tech Update
Statistics · Annual Survey of Occupational
Injuries & Illnesses
· Process Safety Event Report
· U.S. Refining Capacity Report
· Petrochemical Statistics Subscriptions
· Petrochemical Surveys—quarterly
· Selected Petrochemical Statistics Trade Data—monthly
Technical Papers · Annual Meeting Papers
· Cybersecurity Conference Papers
· Environmental Conference Papers
· International Base Oils & Waxes Conferences Papers
· National Occupational and Process Safety Conference Papers
· Operational Planning Control and Automation Technologies Conference Papers
· Reliability & Maintenance Conference Papers
Transcripts · Biennial Cat Cracker Seminar Q&A
· Operations & Process Technology Summit
CommunicationsThrough a combination of traditional and social media outlets, AFPM reaches the press, policymakers, and the public to educate them on the facts about our industries’ work and value, and to inform member company employees about important issues impacting the industry.
AFPM continues to increase its media visibility and rapid response capabilities across print, online, radio, and television outlets.
AFPM also has an active social media presence that includes Twitter, LinkedIn, and Facebook, as well as the Petro Primer Blog at blog.AFPM.org.
INFORMATION RESOURCES FOOTNOTES
1. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administra-tion, Refinery Capacity Report as of January 1, 2016.
2. Operable refining capacity on a per calendar day basis.
3. Powering Progress. American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers 2016 Annual Report. http://annualreportafpm.org/2016/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/afpm-annual-re-port-2016.pdf?085cd4. Accessed Jan. 3, 2017.
4. EIA IEO 2016
5. Petroleum refers to petroleum and other liquids including crude oil and products of petroleum refining, natural gas liquids, biofuels, and liquids derived from other hydrocarbon sources (including coal to liquids and gas to liquids). Not included are liquefied natural gas (LNG) and liquid hydrogen. See liquid fuels.
6. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Admin-istration, Annual Energy Outlook 2017, Reference Case for 2015, 2040 and 2050 data. 2 Excel Files provided – US Energy Consumption by Source Data and US Energy Consumption by Source Chart.
7. U.S. Energy Information Administration Annual Energy Outlook 2017 for 2015 and 2040 data, 1990 data from AFPM Annual Report - for which source listed as US Energy Informa-tion Administration Base Policy Case (2015) “Energy Markets” by Adam Sieminski
8. IHS
9. U.S. Population. Worldometers. http://www.worldometers.info/world-population/us-population/. Accessed Jan. 3, 2017.
10. McKenzie, Brian. Who Drives to Work? Commuting by Automobile in the United States: 2013. American Community Survey Reports. United States Census Bureau. August 2015. https://www.census.gov/hhes/commuting/files/2014/acs-32.pdf. Accessed Jan. 3, 2017.
11. Fact: You Can Go Green by Riding Yellow. American School Bus Council. http://www.americanschoolbuscouncil.org/issues/environmental-benefits. Accessed Jan. 3, 2017.
12. ATA Grassroots. American Trucking Associations. http://www.trucking.org/Grassroots.aspx. Accessed Jan. 3, 2017.
13. More than 30,000 transplants performed annually for first time in United States. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. Jan. 9, 2016. https://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov/news/more-than-30-000-transplants-performed-annually-for-first-time-in-united-states/. Accessed Jan. 3, 2017.
14. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administra-tion, Annual Energy Outlook 2017, Reference Case, Table 36, Transportation Energy Use by Mode and Type.
15. EIA AEO 2017.
16. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administra-tion, Annual Energy Outlook 2017, Reference Case, Table 36, Transportation Energy Use by Mode and Type.
17. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Adminis-tration, Annual Energy Outlook 2017, Reference Case, Table 2, Energy Consumption by Sector and Source
18. Petrochemicals in Goods Critical to the United States Economy. IHS, Sept. 15, 2015, p. 38.
19. Petrochemicals in Goods Critical to the United States Economy. IHS, Sept. 15, 2015, p. 40.
20. Petrochemicals in Goods Critical to the United States Economy. IHS, Sept. 15, 2015, p. 80
21. Petrochemicals in Goods Critical to the United States Economy. IHS, Sept. 15, 2015, p. 8.
22. Petrochemicals in Goods Critical to the United States Economy. IHS, Sept. 15, 2015, p. 37.
23. US Department of Energy, Energy Information Administra-tion, Short Term Energy Outlook, October 2016, Winter Fuels Outlook, Table WF01
24. Petrochemicals in Goods Critical to the United States Economy. IHS, Sept. 15, 2015, p. 53.
25. Petrochemicals in Goods Critical to the United States Economy. IHS, Sept. 15, 2015, p. 47.
26. Petrochemicals in Goods Critical to the United States Economy. IHS, Sept. 15, 2015, p. 104.
27. How Products Are Made: Running Shoe. http://www.madehow.com/Volume-1/Running-Shoe.html. Accessed Jan. 11, 2017.
28. Petrochemicals in Goods Critical to the United States Economy, IHS, Sept. 15, 2015, p. 76.
29. Frequently Asked Flu Questions 2016-17 Influenza Season, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/season/flu-season-2016-2017.htm. Accessed Jan. 4, 2017.
30. Petrochemicals in Goods Critical to the United States Economy, IHS, Sept. 15, 2015, p. 92.
31. Petrochemicals in Goods Critical to the United States Economy, IHS, Sept. 15, 2015, p. 88.
32. Fischer, Hannah. A Guide to U.S. Military Casualty Statistics: Operation Freedom’s Sentinel, Operation Inherent Resolve, Operation New Dawn, Operation Iraqi Freedom, and Operation Enduring Freedom. Congressional Research Ser-vice. Aug. 7, 2015. https://fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/RS22452.pdf. Accessed Jan. 3, 2017.
33. Incidence rates of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses by industry and case types, 2015. Bureau of Labor Statistics. https://www.bls.gov/iif/oshwc/osh/os/ostb4732.pdf. Accessed Jan. 12, 2017.
34. The industry decreased hazardous air pollutants more than 44 percent from 2003 to 2013. Teitelbaum, Daniel. The Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) and Emissions Reduction Measures. U.S. EPA, Office of Environmental Information, Toxics Release Inventory Program. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-09/documents/teitelbaum.pdf, p. 5. Accessed Jan. 3, 2017.
35. Implan
36. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administra-tion, Annual Energy Outlook 2017, Reference Case, Table 11, Petroleum and Other Liquids Supply and Disposition.
37. Implan 2017.
38. Implan 2017.
39. Implan 2017.
40. Petrochemicals in Goods Critical to the United States Economy. IHS, Sept. 15, 2015, p. 104.
41. Petrochemicals in Goods Critical to the United States Economy. IHS, Sept. 15, 2015, p. 104.
42. Petrochemicals in Goods Critical to the United States Economy. IHS, Sept. 15, 2015, p. 104.
43. Petrochemicals in Goods Critical to the United States Economy. IHS, Sept. 15, 2015, p. 107.
44. Inspiring Young Minds at Energy Day 2016. AFPM Petro Primer. Oct. 18, 2016. http://blog.afpm.org/inspiring-young-minds-at-energy-day-2016/#.WEmzLaIrJQY. Accessed Jan. 3, 2017.
45. AFPM Recruitment Challenge Educates Millennials on Career Opportunities within Fuel and Petrochemical Industries. EdVenture Partners. http://edventurepartners.com/afpm-re-cruitment-challenge-educates-millennials-on-career-oppor-tunities-within-fuel-and-petrochemical-industries/. Accessed Jan. 3, 2017.
46. Veterans Programs. AFPM Workforce Development. American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers (AFPM). http://workforce.afpm.org/Career-Resources/veterans-programs. Accessed Jan. 3, 2017.
47. AFPM Workforce Development. American Fuel & Petro-chemical Manufacturers (AFPM). http://workforce.afpm.org/. Accessed Jan. 3, 2017.
48. Women in Petrochemicals: Bringing Diversity to the Industry. March 17, 2016. http://blog.afpm.org/women-in-pet-rochemicals-bringing-diversity-to-the-industry/#. Accessed Jan. 3, 2017.
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