afaqqahu (2014)-#2 b -daily-application-(upon-waking-up)-(30-august-2014)

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UNDERSTANDING OF THE DEEN (AL-ISLAM) Intermediate Islamic (FIQH) course in English Conducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail LESSON # 2 b LESSON # 2 b Using text & curriculum he has developed Using text & curriculum he has developed especially for especially for Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims. Muslims. To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)” & female)” All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014) IN THE NAME OF IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, ALLAH, MOST MOST COMPASSIONATE, COMPASSIONATE, MOST MERCIFUL. MOST MERCIFUL. "O my Lord! Let my entry be by the Gate of Truth and Honour, and likewise my exit by the Gate of Truth and Honour; and grant me from Thy Presence an authority to aid (me)” (Qur’an: Isra’: 17: 80) Daily application of FIQH Daily application of FIQH BAB- BAB- TAHAARAH Categories of water Categories of water Najasah Najasah Updated 30 August 2014

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Transcript of afaqqahu (2014)-#2 b -daily-application-(upon-waking-up)-(30-august-2014)

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UNDERSTANDING OF THE DEEN (AL-ISLAM)Intermediate Islamic (FIQH) course in English

Conducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail

LESSON # 2 b LESSON # 2 b

Using text & curriculum he has developed especially for Using text & curriculum he has developed especially for Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims. Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims.

““To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFUL.MOST MERCIFUL.

"O my Lord! Let my entry be by the Gate of Truth and Honour, and likewise my exit by the Gate of Truth and Honour; and grant me from

Thy Presence an authority to aid (me)”(Qur’an: Isra’: 17: 80)

Daily application of FIQHDaily application of FIQH BAB- BAB- TAHAARAHCategories of waterCategories of waterNajasahNajasah

Updated 30 August 2014

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IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST MOST COMPASSIONATE,COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)

The Messenger of Allah s.a.a.w. said:

“Make it easy, do not make it difficult; convey glad-tidings

and

do not cause them to run (away from this Deen).”AN-NASEEHAH““Sincere advice”Sincere advice”

From the previous

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“Indeed this religion is easy (YUS-RUN), and no one

will ever overburden himself (SHADID) in matters of

his religion (AD-DEEN) except that he will be

GHALABAH - defeated ( unable to achieving it ) … ”

(Hadith reported by Bukhary & Nasa-i)

From the previousAll Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

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“So seek (in doing) what is appropriate (do not be extreme), and

come as close as you can (to its teachings), and receive the glad

tidings (of being rewarded), and take it easy (upon yourself), and

gain strength by your worshipping ( D’ua ) in the mornings and

afternoons, and during the last hours of the nights”

(Hadith reported by Bukhary & Nasa-i)

From the previousAll Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

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“For you have been sent to make things easy (for the people)

and you have not been sent to make things difficult or them.”

(Hadith reported by Bukhary)

A Bedouin urinated in the mosque, and the people rushed to beat

him. Allah’s Messenger s.a.a.w. ordered them to leave him alone,

and ordered for a bucket of water to be poured over the place

where he urinated. The Prophet s.a.a.w. then said:

From the previousAll Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST MOST COMPASSIONATE,COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL

From the previous

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““O you who covers himself [with a garment]. Arise (O you who covers himself [with a garment]. Arise (QUMQUM) and ) and

warn (warn (FA-ANDZIRFA-ANDZIR). And (). And (ROBBAKA – FAKABBIRROBBAKA – FAKABBIR) magnify the glory ) magnify the glory

of your Lord. And your (of your Lord. And your (THIYAABATHIYAABA) clothing purify () clothing purify (FA-FA-TwTwAH-HIRAH-HIR). ).

And (And (FARUJ-ZAFARUJ-ZA) uncleanliness avoid () uncleanliness avoid (FAH-JURFAH-JUR), and bestow not ), and bestow not

favour (favour (LAA-TAM-NUNLAA-TAM-NUN) in order to seek from others a greater ) in order to seek from others a greater

return (return (TAS-TAK-THIRTAS-TAK-THIR), and (), and (LI-ROB-BIKA - FASw-BIRLI-ROB-BIKA - FASw-BIR) patiently ) patiently

persevere for your Lord's sake.”persevere for your Lord's sake.”

((Qur’an: Muddathir: 74: 1-7Qur’an: Muddathir: 74: 1-7))

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST MOST COMPASSIONATE,COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL

From the previous

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““All praise is for AllAll praise is for Allaah who gave us life after having taken it h who gave us life after having taken it

from us and unto Him is the resurrection”from us and unto Him is the resurrection”

AL-HAM-DU-LIL-LAA-HIL-LADZEE – AH-YAA-NAA –

MAA – AMAA-TANAA – WA-’ILAI-HIN- NUSHUU-R

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

WIRD WIRD extracted from:extracted from:

�لقريب لكّل� سالك �لَم�ْس�لك ْا �لقريب لكّل� سالك ْا �لَم�ْس�لك ْا ْا�ب �ْي �بُم�ِن �ْي ُم�ِن

““The Nearest Path for those Seeking Proximity to God”The Nearest Path for those Seeking Proximity to God”

‘AMALAN – DEVOTIONAL PRACTICES

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AL-HAM-DU-LIL-LAA-HIL-LADZEE – RAD-DA – ‘ALAI-YA – RUU-HEE

WA – ‘AA-FAA-NEE – FEE – JASA-DEE

WA – ADZINA – LEE – BI – DZIK-RIHI

““All praise is for AllAll praise is for Allaah who restored to me my soul, and who give h who restored to me my soul, and who give

me physical well-being (health), and grant me the permission me physical well-being (health), and grant me the permission

(opportunity) to engage in the remembrance Him.”(opportunity) to engage in the remembrance Him.”

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

‘AMALAN – DEVOTIONAL PRACTICES

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““All praise is for AllAll praise is for Allaah who created for us (the ability to) sleep h who created for us (the ability to) sleep

and (the ability to be) awaken (from it).”and (the ability to be) awaken (from it).”

AL-HAM-DU-LIL-LAA-HIL-LADZEE –

KHO-LA-QON-NAW-MA - WAL – YA – QO - ZA

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

‘AMALAN – DEVOTIONAL PRACTICES

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““All praise is for AllAll praise is for Allaah who resurrect (awakened) me safe and h who resurrect (awakened) me safe and

whole”whole”

AL-HAM-DU-LIL-LAA-HIL-LADZEE –

BA – ‘A – THA – NEE – SAA- LI-MAN – SA - WEE-YAN

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

‘AMALAN – DEVOTIONAL PRACTICES

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““I bear witness that verily (it is) AllI bear witness that verily (it is) Allaah (Who) grants life and death, h (Who) grants life and death,

and over all things He is Powerful (able).”and over all things He is Powerful (able).”

ASH – HA – DU – AN-NALLAA-HA – YUH – YEEL - MAW-TA

WA – HU-WA – ‘A-LAA – KUL – LI – SHAI – INQ – QO- DIIR

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

‘AMALAN – DEVOTIONAL PRACTICES

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““There is no god (deserving of worship) except AllThere is no god (deserving of worship) except Allaah, the Absolute h, the Absolute

One, there is no partners (associates) to Him. To Him belongs the One, there is no partners (associates) to Him. To Him belongs the

Sovereignty and the Praise, and over all things He is Powerful Sovereignty and the Praise, and over all things He is Powerful

(able)”(able)”

LAA-ILAA-HA – IL-LALLAA-HU – WAH – DA-HU – LAA –SHA-REE-KA-LAH

LA-HUL – MUL – KU – WA – LA-HUL – HAMDU – WA – HU-WA

‘A-LAA – KUL – LI – SHAY – INQ – QO – DII-R

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‘AMALAN – DEVOTIONAL PRACTICES

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““How perfect Allah is, and all praise is for Allah, and none has the right

to be worshipped except Allah, Allah is the greatest and there is no

power nor might except with Allah, The Most High, The Supreme.”

SUB-HAA-NALLAAHI – WAL-HAM-DU-LILLAAHI – WA-LAA-ILAA-HA-IL-

LALLAAHU – WALLAA-HU – AK-BAR – WA-LAA – HAW – LA – WA –LAA

– QUW-WATA – IL-LAA – BIL- LAA-HIL – ‘ALIY- YIL – ‘AZEE-M

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

‘AMALAN – DEVOTIONAL PRACTICES

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““None has the right to be worshipped except You, Yours O Allah,

belongs the Transcendent Perfection and Yours is the Praise, I

seek forgiveness of You for my sins. And I beseech You (to bestow

upon me) Your Mercy ”

LAA-ILAA-HA-IL-LA - ANTA – SUB-HAA – NA -KALLAA-HUM-MA –

WA-BI-HAM-DI-KA – AS-TAGH – FI-RU-KA

WA- AS- A – LU-KA – RAH – MA -TAK

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

‘AMALAN – DEVOTIONAL PRACTICES

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““O O Lord! Increase in me Knowledge, and do not change my heart

after You have guided me, bestow upon me from Yourself Mercy,

For verily, You are the Generous Bestower of favours”

ROB-BI – ZID-NEE – ‘IL- MAN – WA – LAA – TU-ZIGH – QOL-BEE

BA’ – DA – IDZ – HA-DAI - TA-NEE

WA-HAB-LEE – MIN – LA-DUN –KA – RAH – MA-TAN

IN-NA-KA – AN – TAL – WAH - HAAB

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014)) END OF OF THE WIRD (DU’A)

‘AMALAN – DEVOTIONAL PRACTICES

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))From the previous

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““When any of you awakens in the night (from sleep), then let him When any of you awakens in the night (from sleep), then let him

not put his hands into any vessel until he has poured water two not put his hands into any vessel until he has poured water two

or three times –(washes them) - for indeed, he does not know or three times –(washes them) - for indeed, he does not know

where his hands has spent the night.”where his hands has spent the night.”

((Hadith reported by TirmidziHadith reported by Tirmidzi))

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

REFLECTREFLECT

From the previous

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

WIRD WIRD extracted from:extracted from:

�لقريب لكّل� سالك �لَم�ْس�لك ْا �لقريب لكّل� سالك ْا �لَم�ْس�لك ْا ْا�ب �ْي �بُم�ِن �ْي ُم�ِن

““The Nearest Path for those Seeking Proximity to God”The Nearest Path for those Seeking Proximity to God”

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

““Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and the earth Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and the earth

and the alternation of the night and the day are signs and the alternation of the night and the day are signs

for those of understanding.”for those of understanding.”

((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 190Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 190))

A DIVINE MOTIVATION

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

“Who remember Allah while standing or sitting or [lying] on their sides

and give thought to the creation of the heavens and the earth,

[saying], "Our Lord, You did not create this aimlessly; exalted are You

[above such a thing]; then protect us from the punishment of the Fire.”

(Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 191)

A DIVINE MOTIVATION

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

“Our Lord, indeed whoever You admit to the Fire - You have

disgraced him, and for the wrongdoers there are no helpers.”

(Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 192)

A DIVINE MOTIVATION

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

““Our LordOur Lord, indeed we have heard a caller calling to faith, , indeed we have heard a caller calling to faith,

[saying], 'Believe in your Lord,' and we have believed. [saying], 'Believe in your Lord,' and we have believed.

Our LordOur Lord, so forgive us our sins and remove from us our , so forgive us our sins and remove from us our

misdeeds and cause us to die with the righteous.”misdeeds and cause us to die with the righteous.”

((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 193Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 193))

A DIVINE MOTIVATION

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

““Our LordOur Lord, and grant us what You promised us through Your , and grant us what You promised us through Your

messengers and do not disgrace us on the Day of messengers and do not disgrace us on the Day of

Resurrection. Indeed, You do not fail in [Your] promise."Resurrection. Indeed, You do not fail in [Your] promise."

((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 194Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 194))

A DIVINE MOTIVATION

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

““And their Lord responded to them, "Never will I allow to be And their Lord responded to them, "Never will I allow to be

lost the work of [any] worker among you, whether male or lost the work of [any] worker among you, whether male or

female; you are of one another…"female; you are of one another…"

((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 195Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 195))

A DIVINE MOTIVATION

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

“… “… So those who emigrated or were evicted from their homes So those who emigrated or were evicted from their homes

or were harmed in My cause or fought or were killed - I will or were harmed in My cause or fought or were killed - I will

surely remove from them their misdeeds..."surely remove from them their misdeeds..."

((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 195Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 195))

A DIVINE MOTIVATION

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

““.. and shall most certainly bring them into gardens through .. and shall most certainly bring them into gardens through

which running waters flow, as a reward from Allah: for with which running waters flow, as a reward from Allah: for with

Allah is the most beauteous of rewards."Allah is the most beauteous of rewards."

((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 195Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 195))

A DIVINE MOTIVATION

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

“LET IT NOT deceive thee that those who are bent on denying

the truth seem to be able to do as they please on earth: it is

[but] a brief enjoyment, with hell thereafter as their goal -

and how vile a resting-place! -"

(Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 196-197)

A DIVINE MOTIVATION

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

““But those who feared their Lord will have gardens beneath But those who feared their Lord will have gardens beneath

which rivers flow, (which rivers flow, (KHKHO-LI-DEE-NA –FEE-HAO-LI-DEE-NA –FEE-HA) abiding eternally ) abiding eternally

therein, as accommodation from Allah. And that which is therein, as accommodation from Allah. And that which is

with Allah is (with Allah is (KHKHOY-RUNOY-RUN) best for the righteous.") best for the righteous."

((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 198Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 198))

A DIVINE MOTIVATION

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))A DIVINE MOTIVATION

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

““And, behold, among the (And, behold, among the (AHLUL-KITAABAHLUL-KITAAB) followers of ) followers of

earlier revelation there are indeed such as [truly] earlier revelation there are indeed such as [truly]

believe in Allah, and in that which has been bestowed believe in Allah, and in that which has been bestowed

from on high upon you as well as in that which has from on high upon you as well as in that which has

been bestowed upon them. Standing in awe of Allah, been bestowed upon them. Standing in awe of Allah,

they do not barter away Allah's messages for a trifling they do not barter away Allah's messages for a trifling

gain. They shall have their reward with their Sustainer gain. They shall have their reward with their Sustainer

- for, behold, Allah is swift in reckoning!.”- for, behold, Allah is swift in reckoning!.”

((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 199Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 199))

A DIVINE MOTIVATION

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

“O you who have attained to faith! (ISW-BIRU) Be patient in

adversity, and (SWO-BIRU) vie in patience with one another,

and (RO-BI-TWU)be ever ready [to do what is right], and

remain conscious of Allah (TAQWA), so that you might attain

to (MUF-LIHUUN) a happy state!"

(Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 200)

A DIVINE MOTIVATION

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST MOST COMPASSIONATE,COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL

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““O you who covers himself [with a garment]. Arise (O you who covers himself [with a garment]. Arise (QUMQUM) and ) and

warn (warn (FA-ANDZIRFA-ANDZIR). And (). And (ROBBAKA – FAKABBIRROBBAKA – FAKABBIR) magnify the glory ) magnify the glory

of your Lord. And your (of your Lord. And your (THIYAABATHIYAABA) clothing purify () clothing purify (FA-FA-TwTwAH-HIRAH-HIR). ).

And (And (FARUJ-ZAFARUJ-ZA) uncleanliness avoid () uncleanliness avoid (FAH-JURFAH-JUR), and bestow not ), and bestow not

favour (favour (LAA-TAM-NUNLAA-TAM-NUN) in order to seek from others a greater ) in order to seek from others a greater

return (return (TAS-TAK-THIRTAS-TAK-THIR), and (), and (LI-ROB-BIKA - FASw-BIRLI-ROB-BIKA - FASw-BIR) patiently ) patiently

persevere for your Lord's sake.”persevere for your Lord's sake.”

((Qur’an: Muddathir: 74: 1-7Qur’an: Muddathir: 74: 1-7))

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST MOST COMPASSIONATE,COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL

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AND YOUR CLOTHING PURIFY

AND UNCLEANLINESS AVOID

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

NOW WE COME UPON THESE ASPECTS

IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST MOST COMPASSIONATE,COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

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” ”Indeed, Allah loves those who are constantly Indeed, Allah loves those who are constantly

repentant and loves those who purify themselves.“repentant and loves those who purify themselves.“

((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 222Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 222))

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST MOST COMPASSIONATE,COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL

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In Islam, knowledge concerning purification and method of In Islam, knowledge concerning purification and method of

cleansing is one of the most important subjects to be learnt by cleansing is one of the most important subjects to be learnt by

all Muslims. It encompasses the following aspects:all Muslims. It encompasses the following aspects:

Agent for cleansing e.g. water, earth, stone, etc.Agent for cleansing e.g. water, earth, stone, etc.

Method of cleansingMethod of cleansing

Things considered as “Things considered as “NajisNajis” (filth) where it is a religious ” (filth) where it is a religious

obligation for it to be removed from oneself or clothing etc.obligation for it to be removed from oneself or clothing etc.

Causes or circumstances which makes purification obligatoryCauses or circumstances which makes purification obligatory

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NOTE:NOTE:

There are 3 kinds of purification:There are 3 kinds of purification:

Purification from the state of “Purification from the state of “hadathhadath” i.e. ceremonial impurity ” i.e. ceremonial impurity

where it requires bathing (where it requires bathing (ghusl’ghusl’), ablution (), ablution (wudhu’wudhu’) or sand ) or sand

ablution (ablution (tayaamumtayaamum))

Purification from unclean elements (Purification from unclean elements (NajasatNajasat))

Spiritual purification Spiritual purification

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” … and sent down upon you from the sky, rain by which

to purify you and remove from you the evil [suggestions]

of Satan and to make steadfast your hearts and plant

firmly thereby your feet.“

(Qur’an: Anfaal: 8: 11)

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“Sea water is pure and it purifies, the dead meat (fishes) from it

is lawful as food.”(Hadith reported by Tirmidzi)

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“When the Messenger s.a.a.w. was asked concerning a small

pool named “Budha’ah” (which has some discolouration), he

said: “Its water is not polluted with anything (i.e. it can be used

for purification).”

(Hadith reported by Ahmad & Tirmidzi)

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“Whenever (quantity of stagnant) water which is more than 2

qullah (i.e. more than 1.50 cu.m.), it will never become unclean

by any pollutant whatsoever.”

(Hadith reported by Ahmad, Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi, Nasa’i & Ibn Majah)

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“Water is not polluted by najis (unclean), except when it

(such pollutants) changes the colour, taste and smell of the

water.”

(Hadith reported by Ibn Majah & Baihaqy)

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Such water is considered clean for drinking and for use as Such water is considered clean for drinking and for use as

cleaning agent. cleaning agent.

All water which originates from the sky and is part of the water All water which originates from the sky and is part of the water

cycle, be it river, spring, well, dew, snow/ice which has melted, cycle, be it river, spring, well, dew, snow/ice which has melted,

lake, pool, and even the sea; so long as its natural state as water lake, pool, and even the sea; so long as its natural state as water

has not change. has not change.

(MAA’I – MUTLAQ) Water that has retained its naturalness

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Even though its colour, taste and smell may vary- e.g. affected Even though its colour, taste and smell may vary- e.g. affected

naturally when it flows over certain types of soil, or body of naturally when it flows over certain types of soil, or body of

stagnant water changes colour on its own, or due to organic stagnant water changes colour on its own, or due to organic

substances whether weeds, fishes or leaves - such water is still substances whether weeds, fishes or leaves - such water is still

to be considered as water that is “to be considered as water that is “MAA’I-MUTLAQMAA’I-MUTLAQ”. ”.

It is pure and it purifies.It is pure and it purifies.

(MAA’I – MUTLAQ) Water that has retained its naturalness

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Such water is still considered as pure but is unsuitable (cannot be Such water is still considered as pure but is unsuitable (cannot be

used) as agent of purification. This view is generally held by the Shafi’e used) as agent of purification. This view is generally held by the Shafi’e

school (noted for being more cautious). There are 3 types:school (noted for being more cautious). There are 3 types:

Water that has been mixed with (clean) substance that changes its Water that has been mixed with (clean) substance that changes its

natural state; e.g. coffee, syrup etc.natural state; e.g. coffee, syrup etc.

Stagnant water of quantity less than 2 Stagnant water of quantity less than 2 qullahqullah – (i.e. not less than 1.50 – (i.e. not less than 1.50

cu. m) which has been used for relieving ceremonial impurities e.g. cu. m) which has been used for relieving ceremonial impurities e.g.

wudhu’wudhu’, , ghusl’ghusl’ etc. or for cleansing of “ etc. or for cleansing of “najisnajis” in it, even though it does ” in it, even though it does

not change its natural statenot change its natural state

Water from tree sap or fruit juices e.g. coconut, sugarcane etc.Water from tree sap or fruit juices e.g. coconut, sugarcane etc.

(MAA’I – MUSTA’MAL) Water which has been used

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Such water is regarded to be unclean (Such water is regarded to be unclean (najisnajis). There are 2 possibilities ). There are 2 possibilities

for water to be for water to be mutanajjismutanajjis::

If the unclean substance (If the unclean substance (najisnajis) affects the state of the water i.e. by ) affects the state of the water i.e. by

changing its colour, taste or smellchanging its colour, taste or smell

If unclean substance (If unclean substance (najisnajis) becomes mixed with body of water which ) becomes mixed with body of water which

is less than 2 is less than 2 qullahqullah, even though its natural state remains unchanged, even though its natural state remains unchanged

(MAA’I – MUTANAJJIS) Water that has been polluted with Najis (unclean substances)

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NajasahNajasah refers to impure substances that the Muslim must avoid refers to impure substances that the Muslim must avoid

and wash off if they should happen to contaminate his clothes, and wash off if they should happen to contaminate his clothes,

body, etc. As Muslims, knowledge concerning what constitutes body, etc. As Muslims, knowledge concerning what constitutes

NajasahNajasah is therefore important so that we can fulfil the is therefore important so that we can fulfil the

commandment of Allah and His Messenger.commandment of Allah and His Messenger.

Allah says in the Holy Qur’an:Allah says in the Holy Qur’an:

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““O you who covers himself [with a garment]. Arise and warn. O you who covers himself [with a garment]. Arise and warn.

And magnify the glory of your Lord. And your clothing purify. And magnify the glory of your Lord. And your clothing purify.

And uncleanliness avoid, and bestow not favour in order to seek And uncleanliness avoid, and bestow not favour in order to seek

from others a greater return, and patiently persevere for your from others a greater return, and patiently persevere for your

Lord's sake.”Lord's sake.”

((Qur’an: Muddathir: 74: 1-7Qur’an: Muddathir: 74: 1-7))All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))

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“ “ Verily, Allah loves those who turn unto Him in repentance Verily, Allah loves those who turn unto Him in repentance

((TAWWAABINTAWWAABIN) and He loves () and He loves (MUTATWA-HI-REENMUTATWA-HI-REEN) those ) those

who keep themselves pure.”who keep themselves pure.”

((Qur’an: Muddathir: 2: 222Qur’an: Muddathir: 2: 222))

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“Cleanliness is half of faith and ‘Al-Ham-dulillah’ fills the

scale. And ‘SubHaanAllah’ and ‘Al-Ham-dulillah’ fill up what is

between the heavens and the earth. And prayer (SWOLAH) is

a Light (NUR), and charity is proof (of one’s faith), and patient

perseverance (SWOBR) is bright-illumination (DHIYA’), and

the Qur’an is a proof (HUJJAH), on behalf of you or against

you. All men go out early in the morning and sells themselves,

thereby setting themselves free or destroying themselves.”

(Hadith reported by Muslim)

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TYPES OF IMPURITIES (NAJASAH)

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In the Shafi’e school of jurisprudence (In the Shafi’e school of jurisprudence (madzhabmadzhab), dominant here in ), dominant here in

the NUSANTARA, impurities (the NUSANTARA, impurities (najasahnajasah) is categorised into 3:) is categorised into 3:

Najis Mughallazhah Najis Mughallazhah (Heavy impurity)(Heavy impurity)

Najis Mukhaffafah Najis Mukhaffafah (Light impurity)(Light impurity)

Najis Mutawassithah Najis Mutawassithah (Medium impurity) (Medium impurity)

Which is subdivided into “Which is subdivided into “ainiyahainiyah” (impurities which can be seen) ” (impurities which can be seen)

and “and “hukmiyyahhukmiyyah” (impurities that leave no visible traces)” (impurities that leave no visible traces)

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(A) NAJIS MUGHALLAZHAH (HEAVY IMPURITIES)

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In the Shafi’e madzhab, dogs and pigs are impurities which require

cleansing in the manner prescribed by the Messenger s.a.a.w .,

commonly termed in Malay as sertu (samak) :

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(A) NAJIS MUGHALLAZHAH (HEAVY IMPURITIES)

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In the Shafi’e madzhab, dogs and pigs are impurities which require

cleansing in the manner prescribed by the Messenger s.a.a.w .,

commonly termed in Malay as sertu (samak) :

“Cleanse one of your containers if a dog licks it, by

washing it seven times; the beginning of washing

being with soil (earth).”

(Hadith reported by Muslim)

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(A) NAJIS MUGHALLAZHAH (HEAVY IMPURITIES)

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The commandment to wash, thus indicate it to be najis. With

regards to pig, it is included in the same category as dog by ways of

Qiyas (analogy) since the Qur’an indicated it as impure or

loathsome (Rijis):

“… (the flesh of swine) for that, behold, is loathsome or a sinful ..”

(Q: Al An’am: 6: 145)

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(A) NAJIS MUGHALLAZHAH (HEAVY IMPURITIES)

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This view, i.e. sertu for impurities left from pigs, is held by

most of the traditional Shafi’e scholars, but there are others whose

views on this matter differs because of the following reasons:

- it was a matter determined by qiyyas (analogous deduction),

but without a clear argument as its similarity (the effective cause

common to pig and dog i.e. the ‘illah), therefore speculative or

Dzann. Although it is still considered as loathsome and impure

(Najis) and requirement for cleansing is still obligatory.

HOW TO CLEAN ?

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(A) NAJIS MUGHALLAZHAH (HEAVY IMPURITIES)

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This view, i.e. sertu for impurities left from pigs, is held by

most of the traditional Shafi’e scholars, but there are others whose

views on this matter differs because of the following reasons:

Some other scholars opined, the verses in surah Al An ’am: 145,

concerns itself with food forbidden for consumption, therefore

such method of cleansing of the traces of them is precautionary,

but not limited to only one method , so long as one is convinced

that no traces of them remained.

HOW TO CLEAN ?

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(B) NAJIS MUKHAFFAFAH (LIGHT IMPURITIES)

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Slight amount of vomit (commonly understood as a small Slight amount of vomit (commonly understood as a small

amount of liquid) is excused, and the urine of an unwean (still amount of liquid) is excused, and the urine of an unwean (still

breastfeeding or have not taken any other food) male baby are breastfeeding or have not taken any other food) male baby are

regarded as Najis Mukhaffafah (light impurities) regarded as Najis Mukhaffafah (light impurities)

The manner of cleansing is by merely sprinkling water over it. The manner of cleansing is by merely sprinkling water over it.

(female baby’s urine is to be washed.)(female baby’s urine is to be washed.)

HOW TO CLEAN ?

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(B) NAJIS MUKHAFFAFAH (LIGHT IMPURITIES)

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““Ali r.a. narrated that the Messenger of Allah s.a.w. said, Ali r.a. narrated that the Messenger of Allah s.a.w. said,

“The urine of a baby boy should have water sprinkled upon it. “The urine of a baby boy should have water sprinkled upon it.

The urine of baby girl is to be washed off.”The urine of baby girl is to be washed off.”

((Hadith reported by Abu Dawud & TirmidziHadith reported by Abu Dawud & Tirmidzi))

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(B) NAJIS MUKHAFFAFAH (LIGHT IMPURITIES)

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““From Umm Qais r.a., she came to the Messenger of Allah From Umm Qais r.a., she came to the Messenger of Allah

with her unweaned son. After a while, the baby urinated on with her unweaned son. After a while, the baby urinated on

the Prophet’s lap. The Prophet s.a.a.w. called for some water the Prophet’s lap. The Prophet s.a.a.w. called for some water

which was then sprinkled over his clothes, and did not give which was then sprinkled over his clothes, and did not give

them a complete washing.” them a complete washing.”

((Hadith reported by Bukhari & MuslimHadith reported by Bukhari & Muslim))

TO BE CONTINUED TO BE CONTINUED – INSHA ALLAH– INSHA ALLAH

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