AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people...
Transcript of AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people...
![Page 1: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
AESTHETIC THEORIES IN
ART
MODERNIST APPROACHES
Art History AP
Schorsch 08-09
![Page 2: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Modernist Theories of Aesthetics
• Characteristics of Modernism in Art include:
– Formalism
– Industrialization
– Linear Progress
– Creation of New Realities
– Individualism
– Value in Originality/Creativity
• Aesthetic Values as a Means to an End
![Page 3: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Mimetic Theory
• Realism is a style in art often associated with mimetic theories.
• Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism.
• Paintings and sculptures are often judged by how realistically they portray the subject matter, and the artist is thought to be “talented” to the extent that she or he can draw or paint things as they appear (Stewart, 1997).
![Page 4: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• Leonardo DaVinci
The Virgin of the Rocks 1483-86 Oil on panel 77 5/8 x 47 5/8 in (199 x 122 cm)
• One of the oldest theories about art is one that assumes that art is a kind of imitation of the world.
![Page 5: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• Leonardo DaVinci
John the Baptist
1513-16
Wood
27 1/4 x 22 1/2 in (69 x 57 cm)
• The idea that art mimics the
visible world can be traced at
least to ancient Greece, and it
remains prevalent among
Western viewers.
![Page 6: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Titian
Woman with a Mirror
c. 1513-15
• Mimetic theory, or imitational,
holds that artworks represent or
reflect objects and organisms in the
physical environment.
![Page 7: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• Tintoretto
Self-portrait
1588
Oil on canvas
65 x 52 cm (25 1/2 x 20 1/2 in.)
• Mimetic theories can also
accommodate art that is
not realistic. However,
much depends on what
counts as “real.”
![Page 8: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Rubens
St. Sebastian
c. 1618
Canvas
78 x 49 13/16 in (200 x 128 cm)
• Using this theory, artworks
may be judged on their
correctness, completeness,
and convincingness.
![Page 9: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
• David The Oath of the Horatii 1784 Oil on canvas 130 x 167 1/4 in. (330 x 425 cm)
![Page 10: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Discobolos
c. 450 BC
Roman marble copy after the
bronze original by Myron
height 155 cm (61 in)
![Page 11: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• Portrait of Pompey the Great
c. 50 BC
![Page 12: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• Bust of Emperor Nero
c. 60 AD
Marble
![Page 13: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• Augustus in armor
c. 40 BC
![Page 14: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Mimetic Theory
• The essence of art is to
picture or portray reality.
• Good art is an accurate
mirror on the world,
imitating nature or some
ideal form.
• If the art work looks real,
then it considered successful
art.
![Page 15: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Pragmatic Theory
• The essence of art is the
communication of
important moral and
religious values from the
artist to the observer.
• Art should inspire and
inform religious
experiences.
• Good art is sincere
communication by the artist
which “infects” the observers
with those important moral
ideas.
![Page 16: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
CHRISTIAN ART: Mosaics
![Page 17: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
CHRISTIAN ART: Frescos
![Page 18: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
JUDAIC SYBOLISM
• Holy Names of the
Book
• The color green
references the Tree of
Life and is flanked by
Menorahs.
![Page 19: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
JUDAIC SYBOLISM
• Torah Crown
• Read by the reader of the
Torah.
![Page 20: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
JUDAIC SYBOLISM
• Torah Shield
• Has become more
ornamental than
functional, but was
originally intended to
demonstrate what parts
of the Torah were to be
read by rearranging the
panel configuration.
![Page 21: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
HINDU ART
Brahma and Brahamini Brahma
![Page 22: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
BUDDHIST ART
• Blessing Buddha
• Buddhism originally started in
India through the teachings of
Prince Gautama (later known as
Sakyamundi) in 6th Century BCE.
![Page 23: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
BUDDHIST ART
• Medicine Wheel Buddha
• Represents the Chakras, or life
points, that require healing.
![Page 24: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
MUSLIM ART
![Page 25: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
MUSLIM ART
![Page 26: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
MUSLIM ART
![Page 27: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
MUSLIM ART
![Page 28: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
MUSLIM ART
![Page 29: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Expressionist Theory
• Expressionist theories are compelling because
most of people acknowledge that feelings or
emotions are powerfully tied to artworks and
their experiences with them.
![Page 30: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
• Goya
El sueno de la razon produce
monstruos
The sleep of reason produces
monsters
1797-98
Etching with aquatint
21.6 x 15.2 cm
• A distinct emotion and transmits
or “infects” viewers with an
emotion via the artwork.
![Page 31: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
• Goya The Shootings of May Third 1808 1814 Oil on canvas 104 3/4 x 136 in.
![Page 32: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
• Goya
Two Old Women Eating from a Bowl
1821-1823
21 x 33 1/2 in.
Oil on plaster remounted on canvas
![Page 33: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
• Van Gogh
Still Life of Shoes
1886
Oil on canvas
37.5 x 45.5 cm
![Page 34: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
• Van Gogh
The Night Cafe
1888
Oil on canvas
70 x 89 cm
![Page 35: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
• Van Gogh
The Starry Night
1889
Oil on canvas
29 x 36 1/4 in.
![Page 36: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
• Van Gogh
Wheat Field Under Threatening Skies
1890
Oil on canvas
50.5 x 100.5 cm
![Page 37: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
• Bernini
Apollo and Daphne
1622-25
Carrara marble
243 cm
![Page 38: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
• Rodin
The Thinker
1880
Bronze
68.6 x 89.4 x 50.8 cm
![Page 39: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Expressionist Theory
• The essence of art is
expression of the inner
emotions, feelings,
moods, and mental states
of the artist.
• Good art effectively and
sincerely brings these inner
states to an external
portrayal.
![Page 40: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Formalist Theory
• The formalist theory of art has its roots with
those who have talked about a particular kind of
experience that we have when considering
beauty or artworks that embody beauty.
• This aesthetic experience is thought to be best
when the artwork that triggers it is well
organized.
![Page 41: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Josef Albers
Homage to the Square:
Apparition
1959.
Oil on Masonite
47 1/2 x 47 1/2 inches.
• According to this view, the elements of art and the aesthetic
experiences prompted by art are
thought to be universal, extending
beyond cultural or historical
contexts.
• For Formalists, things such as
subject matter, moods or feelings,
social issues, and artists intention
are external to the work and do not
have aesthetic significance.
![Page 42: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
• Mondrian
Composition with Red, Yellow and Blue
1921
Oil on canvas
39 x 35 cm (15 1/2 x 13 3/4 in.)
• According to Formalist thought,
each kind of art – such as painting,
music, and poetry – has certain
elements arranged according to
principles.
• For an artwork to be well
organized, these elements must be
arranged in accordance with the
principles associated with the
particular art form.
![Page 43: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
• Mark Rothko
No. 14
1960
1/2 in. x 105 5/8 in.
on canvas
• Representational and thematic
elements are secondary to formal
elements. Works of art are
autonomous objects, “organic
wholes” which serve no particular
purpose (their purpose is to
provide aesthetic experiences) and
needn’t make imitative references.
![Page 44: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
• Mark Rothko
Untitled, 1968
• An artwork may be judged by
how intrinsically satisfying it
is; its sensuous properties,
arranged as an integrated
composition, should evoke
and sustain aesthetic
contemplation.
![Page 45: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Jackson Pollock
Alchemy,
1947.
Oil, aluminum (and enamel?) paint, and string on canvas,
114.6 x 221.3 cm.
![Page 46: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
• Donald Judd
Untitled (Six boxes)
1974
brass 6 unitsinstallation 101.6 (h) x
736.6 (w) x 101.6 (d) cm each 101.6
(h) x 101.6 (w) x 101.6 (d) cm not
signed, not dated
![Page 47: AESTHETIC THEORIES IN ART MODERNIST APPROACHES · 2010-12-04 · mimetic theories. •Many people tend to judge art according to standards of realism. •Paintings and sculptures](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042021/5e7801fe6b29e11ed851e7ca/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Formalist Theory
• The essence of art is
significant form: lines,
shapes, colors, and other
formal properties of the
work; representation,
expression, and other
subject matter are
irrelevant.
• Good art uses formal
elements to trigger an aesthetic
emotion in observers.
Typically, formalist artwork
is non-objective or abstract.