Advocacy Group .

• Advocacy Group

https://store.theartofservice.com/the-advocacy-group-toolkit.html

Small business Business Networks and Advocacy Groups

1 Such groups often serve a dual purpose, as business networks to provide marketing and connect

members to potential sales leads and suppliers, and also as advocacy

groups, bringing together many small businesses to provide a stronger

voice in regional or national politics



1 Small Business Development Centers (SBDCs), operate in all 50 states,

provide free and confidential counseling and low-cost training to

small businesses.



1 The largest regional small business group in the United States is the Council of Smaller Enterprises, located in Greater Cleveland.


Regulation of nanotechnology - Response from advocacy groups

1 In January 2008, a coalition of over 40 civil society groups endorsed a statement

of principles calling for precautionary action related to nanotechnology. The

coalition called for strong, comprehensive oversight of the new technology and its products in the International Center for

Technology Assessment's report Principles for the Oversight of Nanotechnologies and

Nano materials, which states:



1 Hundreds of consumer products incorporating nano-materials are now on the market, including cosmetics,

sunscreens, sporting goods, clothing, electronics, baby and infant products, and food and food

packaging



1 The group has urged action based on eight principles. They are 1) A Precautionary Foundation 2)

Mandatory Nano-specific Regulations 3) Health and Safety of the Public

and Workers 4) Environmental Protection 5) Transparency 6) Public Participation 7) Inclusion of Broader

Impacts and 8) Manufacturer Liability.



1 Some NGOs, including Friends of the Earth, are calling for the formation of a separate nanotechnology specific

regulatory framework for the regulation of nanotechnology



1 In early 2008, The UK's largest organic certifier, the Soil Association, announced that

its organic standard would exclude nanotechnology, recognizing the associated human and environmental health and safety risks. Certified organic standards in Australia exclude engineered nanoparticles. It appears

likely that other organic certifiers will also follow suit. The Soil Association was also the first to declare organic standards free from

genetic engineering.


Digital rights - Digital rights advocacy groups

1 * Electronic Frontier Foundation



1 * Entertainment Consumers Association



1 * European Digital Rights



1 * Free Software Foundation



1 * TestPAC, US political action committee


Car-free movement - Advocacy groups

1 The Environmental Transport Association was formed in 1990 to inform people of the impact that

transport has on the environment. It inaugurated Green Transport Week in 1993 and within that Car-Free Day in

1997



1 The Campaign for Better Transport (UK)|Campaign for Better Transport (formerly known as Transport2000)

was formed in 1972 in Britain to challenge proposed cuts in the British

rail network and since then has promoted public transport solutions

to our transport needs.



1 The New Mobility Agenda is an international initiative formed in

1988 that challenges car-based ideas and practices in the field of urban

transport.



1 Car Free Walks is a UK-based website encouraging walkers to use public

transport to reach the start and end of walks, rather than using a car.



1 Car-Free.org is a U.S. educational non-profit organization supporting

walking, bicycling, transit (bus) and ride-sharing modes of transportation.

CAT-Coalition for Appropriate Transportation is a local advocacy

organization based in Pennsylvania's Lehigh Valley supporting these

missions to enhance community and air quality.


2013 Savar building collapse - Advocacy groups

1 Human Rights Watch stated their concern over the number of factory-

building tragedies in Bangladesh; there have been numerous major

accidents in the country in the past decade, including the 2012 Dhaka

fire.



1 Industrial Global Union, a global union federation representing textile and garment

workers' trade unions around the world, launched an online campaign in support of the Bangladeshi unions' demand for labour law reform in the wake of the disaster. The campaign, hosted on Labour Start, calls for

changes in the law to make it easier for unions to organise workers, as well as

demanding improved health and safety conditions.



1 On 27 April, protesters surrounded Primark store on Oxford Street in the City of Westminster in the West End

of London. Speaking outside the store, Murray Worthy, from campaign

group War on Want, said:



1 :‘We’re here to send a clear message to Primark that the 300 deaths in the

Bangladesh building collapse were not an accident – they were entirely preventable deaths. If Primark had

taken its responsibility to those workers seriously, no one need have

died this week.’


Advocacy groups

1 'Advocacy groups' (also known as 'pressure groups', 'lobby groups', 'campaign groups',

'interest groups', or 'special interest groups') use various forms of advocacy to influence

public opinion and/or policy; they have played and continue to play an important part in the development of political and social systems.

Groups vary considerably in size, influence, and motive; some have wide ranging long term

social purposes, others are focused and are a response to an immediate issue or concern.


Advocacy groups

1 Motives for action may be based on a shared political, religious, morality|moral, or commerce|commercial position. Groups use varied methods to try to achieve their aims

including lobbying, media campaigns, publicity stunts, polls, research, and policy briefings. Some groups are supported by

powerful business or political interests and exert considerable influence on the political

process, others have few such resources.


Advocacy groups

1 Research is beginning to explore how advocacy groups use social media to

facilitate civic engagement and collective action.


Advocacy groups - Overview

1 In some cases initiatives initially championed by advocacy groups later become institutionalized as

important elements of civic life (for example universal education or

regulation of doctors— see below for details)


Advocacy groups - Beginnings

1 The early growth of advocacy groups was connected to broad economic and political changes in England in

the mid-18th century, including political representation, market

capitalization, and proletarianization



1 Stripped of the right to sit in Parliament, Wilkes became an Alderman of City of London|London in 1769, and an activist group called the Society for

the Supporters of the Bill of Rights began aggressively promoting his

policies.[http://www.historyhome.co.uk/c-eight/18reform/ssbr.htm www.historyhome.co.uk] This was the first ever sustained social advocacy

group;mdash;it involved public meetings, demonstrations, the distribution of pamphlets on

an unprecedented scale and the mass petition march



1 Another important advocacy group that emerged in the late 18th

century was the British Abolitionism in the United Kingdom|abolitionist

movement against slavery


Advocacy groups - Growth and spread

1 From 1815, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|Britain after victory in the Napoleonic Wars

entered a period of social upheaval characterised by the growing maturity of the use of social

movements and special-interest associations



1 The labor movement and socialist movement of the late 19th century are seen as the prototypical social

movements, leading to the formation of communism|communist and social democracy|social democratic parties

and organisations



1 In the post-war period, Feminism|women's rights, gay rights

movement|gay rights, peace movement|peace, American Civil

Rights Movement (1955-1968)|civil rights, anti-nuclear movement|anti-

nuclear and environmental movements emerged, often dubbed the New Social Movements Westd,

David Bhttps://store.theartofservice.com/the-advocacy-group-toolkit.html

Advocacy groups - Activities

1 Advocacy groups exist in a wide variety of genres based upon their most pronounced

activities.



1 * Anti-defamation organizations issue responses or criticisms to real or

supposed slights of any sort (including speech or violence) by an individual or group against a specific segment of the population which the

organization exists to represent.



1 * Watchdog groups exist to provide oversight and rating of actions or

media by various outlets, both government and corporate. They

may also index personalities, organizations, products, and

activities in databases to provide coverage and rating of the value or viability of such entities to target

demographics.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-advocacy-group-toolkit.html


1 * Lobby groups Lobbying|Lobby for a change to the law or the

maintenance of a particular law and big businesses fund very

considerable lobbying influence on legislators, for example Lobbying in

the United States|in the USA and Lobbying in the United Kingdom|in

the UK where lobbying first developed



1 * Defense (legal)|Legal defense funds provide funding for the legal defense

for, or legal action against, individuals or groups related to their

specific interests or target demographic. This is often

accompanied by one of the above types of advocacy groups filing an Amicus curiae if the cause at stake

serves the interests of both the legal defense fund and the other advocacy

groups.


Advocacy groups - Influence

1 In most liberal democracies, advocacy groups tend to use the

bureaucracy as the main channel of influence – because, in liberal democracies, this is where the

decision-making power lies



1 Advocacy groups can also exert

influence through the assembly by

lobbyinghttps://store.theartofservice.com/the-advocacy-group-toolkit.html


1 The judicial branch of government can also be used by advocacy groups to exert influence



1 Advocacy groups can also exert

influence on political parties



1 Advocacy groups also exert influence through channels that are separate from the government or the political structure such as the mass media

and through public opinion campaigning



1 Advocacy group influence has also manifested itself in supranational bodies that have arisen through

globalisation


Advocacy groups - Influential advocacy groups

1 There are many significant advocacy groups through history, some of

which could be considered to operate with different dynamics and could

better be described as social movements. Here are some notable groups operating in different parts of

the world:



1 *American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC), the American Israel lobby, which is described by the New York Times as the most influential Lobby impacting US

relations with Israel.



1 *British Medical Association, which formed at a meeting of 50 doctors in 1832 for the sharing of knowledge; its lobbying led to the Medical Act

1858 and the formation of the General Medical Council which has registered and regulated doctors in

the UK to this date.



1 *Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, which has advocated for the Nuclear

Non-Proliferation Treaty|non-proliferation of nuclear weapons and

unilateral nuclear disarmament in the UK since 1957, and whose logo is now an international Peace symbols|

peace symbol.



1 *Center for Auto Safety, an organization formed in 1970 which aims to give consumers a voice for

auto safety and quality in the United States.



1 *Drug Policy Alliance, whose principal goal is to end the United States|American War on

Drugs.



1 *Electronic Frontier Foundation, an international non-profit organization|

non-profit digital rights advocacy organization|advocacy and legal organization based in the United

States.



1 *Energy Lobby, an umbrella term for the representatives of large oil, gas,

coal, and electric utilities corporations that attempt to

influence governmental policy in the United States.



1 *Financial Services Roundtable, an organization representing the banking lobby.



1 *Greenpeace, an organization formed in 1970 as the Don't Make a Wave

Committee to stop nuclear weapons testing in the United States.



1 *The Human Rights Campaign, an LGBT civil rights advocacy and

lobbying organization seeking to advance the cause of LGBT rights in America.http://www.hrc.org/the-hrc-

story/about-us



1 *National Rifle Association, an organization that formed in New York in 1871 to protect the rights of gun-

owners.



1 *Oxfam, an organization formed in 1942 in the UK as the 'Oxford Committee for Famine

Relief'.



1 *Pennsylvania Abolition Society, which formed in Philadelphia in 1775 with a mission to Abolitionism in the United States|abolish slavery in the

United States.



1 *People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, an animal rights

organization that focuses primarily on animal treatment on factory farms, in the clothing trade, in

laboratories, and in the entertainment industry.



1 *Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, founded in Manchester in 1889 to campaign against the 'barbarous trade in plumes for women's hats'.



1 *Sierra Club, which formed in 1892 to help protect the Sierra Nevada (U.S.)|Sierra

Nevada.



1 *Stop the War Coalition, an organization against the War on

Terrorism which included a march of between 750,000 and 2,000,000

people in London in 2003.



1 *Suffragettes, which sought to gain voting rights for women through

direct action and hunger strikes from 1865-1928 in the United Kingdom.



1 *The Affiliated Residential Park Residents Association Incorporated (ARPRA), which was established in

1986 to represent residents of residential parks in New South Wales,

Australia.



1 *Sunday school|Sunday School movement, which formed in about

1751 to promote History of education in England|universal schooling in the

UK.



1 *Tory (British political party)|Tories, which formed in 1678 to fight the

British Exclusion Bill and developed into one of the first political party|political parties, now known as the

Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party.


Advocacy groups - Adversarial groupings

1 On some controversial issues there are a number of competing advocacy

groups, sometimes with very different resources available to them:



1 *Pro-choice|Pro-choice movement vs Pro-life movement (abortion policy in the United

States)



1 *SPEAK campaign vs Pro-Test (animal testing in United

Kingdom)



1 *The Automobile Association vs Pedestrians' Association (now 'Living Streets') (road safety in the United

Kingdom since 1929)



1 *Tobacco Institute vs Action on Smoking and

Health (tobacco legislation)



1 *Flying Matters vs Plane Stupid (aviation policy in the United Kingdom since 2007)


Advocacy groups - Benefits and incentives

1 The general theory is that individuals must be enticed with some type of

benefit to join an interest group



1 Selective material benefits are benefits that are usually given in monetary benefits



1 An expressive incentive is another basic type of incentive or benefit offered to being a member of an

interest group



1 Some public policy interests are not recognized or addressed by a group

at all, and these interests are labeled latent interest.


Advocacy groups - Theoretical perspectives

1 Much work has been undertaken by academics in trying to categorise

how pressure groups operate, particularly in relation to

governmental policy creation.



1 The field is dominated by

numerous differing schools of thought:



1 * 'Pluralism': This is based upon the understanding that pressure groups

operate in competition with one another and play a key role in the political system. They do this by

acting as a counterweight to undue concentrations of power.



1 :However, this pluralist theory (formed primarily by American

academics) reflects a more open and fragmented political system similar

to that in countries such as the United States. Under neo-pluralism, a

concept of political communities developed that is more similar to the

British form of government



1 * 'Neo-Pluralism': This is based on the concept of political communities

in that pressure groups and other such bodies are organised around a

government department and its network of client groups. The

members of this network co-operate together during the policy making

process.



1 * 'Corporatism': Some lobby groups are backed by private businesses

which can have a considerable influence on legislature.


Advocacy groups - Social media use

1 A study published in early 2012 suggests that advocacy groups of varying political and ideological

orientations operating in the United States are using social media to interact with citizens every day


Single-payer health care - Advocacy groups

1 are among advocacy groups that have called for the introduction of a single payer health care program in

the United States


Pedophilia - Pedophile advocacy groups

1 The efforts of pedophile advocacy groups did not gain any public

support and today those few groups that have not dissolved have only

minimal membership and have ceased their activities other than

through a few websites.Benoit Denizet-Lewis (2001)


Center for Public Integrity - Coordination with advocacy groups

1 In 2008, CPI published a report on tobacco that was both funded by and

promoted by an advocacy group called Tobacco Free Kids.


Down syndrome - Advocacy groups

1 Advocacy groups for Down syndrome formed after the Second World

War


Down syndrome - Advocacy groups

1 The first World Down Syndrome Day was held on 21 March 2006. The day

and month were chosen to correspond with 21 and trisomy,

respectively. It was recognized by the United Nations General Assembly in

2011.


Paedophile - Pedophile advocacy groups

1 The efforts of pedophile advocacy groups did not gain any public

support and today those few groups that have not dissolved have only

minimal membership and have ceased their activities other than

through a few websites.Benoit Denizet-Lewis (2001)


Community Reinvestment Act - Housing advocacy groups

1 CRA regulations give community groups the right to comment on or

protest about banks' non-compliance with CRA. Such comments could help or hinder banks' planned expansions.

Groups at first only slowly took advantage of these rights.

Regulatory changes during President Bill Clinton's administration allowed

these community groups better access to CRA information and enabled them to increase their

activities.



1 In an article for the New York Post, economist Stan Liebowitz wrote that community activists'

intervention at yearly bank reviews resulted in their obtaining large amounts of money from banks, since poor reviews could lead to frustrated merger plans

and even legal challenges by the Justice Department.Stan Liebowtiz,

[http://www.nypost.com/seven/02052008/postopinion/opedcolumnists/the_real_scandal_243911.htm?page=0 The Real Scandal - How feds invited the

mortgage mess], New York Post, February 5, 2008 Michelle Minton noted that Chase (bank)|Chase

Manhattan and J.P



1 According to the New York Times, some of these housing advocacy groups provided early warnings

about the potential impact of lowered credit standards and the resulting

unsupportable increase in real estate values they were causing in low to

moderate income communities



1 However, subprime loans were so profitable, that they were aggressively marketed in low-and moderate-income

communities, even over the objections and warnings of housing advocacy groups like ACORN.[http://www.innercitypress.com/cra1bailout092808.html Subprime Stoked By

Deregulation and Bipartisan Greed, not Community Reinvestment Act], Inner City

Press, September 28, 2008


Road safety - Advocacy groups

1 The Automobile Association was established in 1905 in the United Kingdom to help motorists avoid police speed traps. They became

involved in other safety issues and also erected thousands of roadside

warning signs.



1 The Pedestrians Association in the United Kingdom was formed in 1929 to press for better road safety. Other

groups have been active in other countries.



1 The International Road Federation has an issue area and working group dedicated to road safety. They work with their membership to advocate measures that improve road safety

through infrastructure and cooperation with other international

organizations.[http://www.irfnet.ch/roadsafety.php?id=35title=Introduction

IRF Road Safety].https://store.theartofservice.com/the-advocacy-group-toolkit.html


1 Motoring advocacy groups including the Association of British Drivers (UK), Speed cameras.org (UK), National Motorists Association

(USA/Canada) argue that the strict enforcement of speed limits does not

necessarily result in safer driving, and may even have negative effect

on road safety in general



1 In 1965, Ralph Nader put pressure on car manufactures in his book Unsafe at Any Speed detailing resistance by car manufacturers to the introduction of safety features, like seat belts, and

their general reluctance to spend money on improving safety



1 RoadPeace was formed in 1991 in the United Kingdom to advocate for

better road safety and founded World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic

Victims in 1993 which received support from the United Nations

General Assembly in 2005.



1 There is some controversy over the way that the motor advocacy groups has been seen to dominate the road

safety agenda


Outline of the psychiatric survivors movement - Advocacy groups, by region

1 ***Alleged Lunatics' Friend Society



1 ** World Network of Users and Survivors of Psychiatry



1 * 'United States of America'



1 ** Committee for Truth in Psychiatry



1 ** Icarus Project



1 ** Network Against Psychiatric Assault


Citizens United - Advocacy groups

1 Citizens United (organization)|Citizens United, the group filing the lawsuit said,

Today's U.S. Supreme Court decision allowing Citizens United to air its

documentary films and advertisements is a tremendous victory, not only for Citizens

United but for every American who desires to participate in the political process. During litigation, Citizens United had support from the United States Chamber of Commerce

and the National Rifle Association.



1 Campaign finance attorney Cleta Mitchell, who had filed an amicus

curiae brief on behalf of two advocacy organizations opposing the ban, wrote that The Supreme Court

has correctly eliminated a constitutionally flawed system that allowed media corporations (e.g., The Washington Post Co.) to freely disseminate their opinions about

candidates using corporate treasury funds, while denying that

constitutional privilege to Susie's Flower Shop Inc...



1 Heritage Foundation fellow Hans A. von Spakovsky, a former Republican

member of the Federal Election Commission, said The Supreme Court

has restored a part of the First Amendment that had been

unfortunately stolen by Congress and a previously wrongly-decided ruling

of the court.



1 Libertarian Cato Institute analysts John Samples and Ilya Shapiro wrote that restrictions on advertising were based on the idea that corporations

had so much money that their spending would create vast

inequalities in speech that would undermine democracy



1 The American Civil Liberties Union filed an amicus brief that supported

the decision,[http://www.aclu.org/free-speech/citizens-united-v-federal-

election-commission Citizens United v


Colonia (border settlement) - Advocacy groups

1 Housing and community Advocacy|advocacy organizations such as the Texas Low Income Housing Information Service (TxLIHIS), an affordable housing

advocacy nonprofit organization,[http://www.texashousing.org Home] and

the Colonias Development Council[http://www.colonias.org/ Colonias Development Council - Welcome / Concilio para el Desarrollo de las

Colonias - Bienvenidos] in New Mexico, work to alleviate poverty in colonias by promoting self-help housing

programs that provide colonia residents with resources to build their own homes, fostering community empowerment and raising public awareness.


Consumer advocacy group

1 'Consumer organizations' are advocacy groups that seek to protect

people from corporate abuse like unsafe products, predatory lending, false advertising, astroturfing and

pollution.



1 Consumer organizations may operate via protests, litigation, Advertising

campaign|campaigning, or lobbying. They may engage in single-issue

advocacy (e.g., the United Kingdom|British Campaign for Real Ale

(CAMRA), which campaigned against keg beer and for cask ale or they may set themselves up as more

general consumer List of consumer organizations|watchdogs, such as the

Which?|Consumers' Association in the UK.



1 One common means of providing consumers useful information is the independent comparative survey or

test of products or services, involving different manufacturers or

companies (e.g., Which?, Consumer Reports, etcetera).



1 Another arena where consumer organizations have operated is food safety. The needs for campaigning in this area are less easy to reconcile with their traditional

methods, since the scientific, dietary or medical evidence is normally more complex

than in other arenas, such as the electric safety of white goods. The current standards

on mandatory labelling, in developed countries, have in part been shaped by past

lobbying by consumer groups.



1 The aim of consumer organizations may be to establish and to attempt

to enforce consumer rights. Effective work has also been done, however, simply by using the threat of bad

publicity to keep companies' focus on the consumers' point of view.



1 Consumer organizations may attempt to serve consumer interests by relatively direct actions such as

creating and/or disseminating market information, and prohibiting specific

acts or practices,or by promoting competitive forces in the markets which directly or indirectly affect consumers (such as transport,

electricity, communications, etc.).https://store.theartofservice.com/the-advocacy-group-toolkit.html

Consumer advocacy group - History

1 Two precursor organizations to the modern consumer organization are

standards organizations and consumers leagues. Both of these

appeared in the United States around 1900.


Consumer advocacy group - History

1 Trade associations and professional societies began to establish

standards organizations to reduce industry waste and increase

productivity. Consumers leagues modeled themselves after trade

unions in their attempts to improve the marketplace with boycotts in the same way that trade unions sought to improve working conditions with

strike action.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-advocacy-group-toolkit.html

Consumer advocacy group - International Organization

1 * Consumers International -

International NGO



1 * ANEC (Europe; focus on standardization)



1 * International Consumer Research Testing|ICRT The only independent

international organization for consumer research and testing


Consumer advocacy group - Australia

1 * Consumers' Federation of

Australia



1 * Australian Consumers Association



1 * [http://www.accan.org.au Australian Communications Consumer Action Network]


Consumer advocacy group - Canada

1 * [http://www.consumer.ca/index.php4 Consumers' Association

of Canada (CAC)]



1 * [http://www.consumerscouncil.com Consumers

Council of Canada]



1 * Option consommateurs


Consumer advocacy group - Fiji

1 * Fiji Consumers Association


Consumer advocacy group - France

1 * [http://www.60millio

ns-mag.com/ 60 Millions de

Consommateurs]https://store.theartofservice.com/the-advocacy-group-toolkit.html

Consumer advocacy group - India

1 * Consumer Guidance Society of India



1 * All India Consumer Protection Organization



1 * The Consumers Eye India



1 *United India Consumer's Association



1 Grahak Shakti-Bengaluru-Karnataka-Non profit Non Political Voluntary

Consumer Organisation working for the empowerment of Consumer for

over two and half decades.Very dedicated and doing yeomen service

to the society



1 'CONSUMER AWARENESS, PROTECTION and EDUCATION

COUNCIL (CAPE COUNCIL)' is also a Major Voluntary Consumer

Organization based in Bangalore. This organization has been

continuously working for the welfare of Consumers. D.MANMATH is its

President. to know more about this VCO you can log onto www.capecouncil.org.


Consumer advocacy group - Italy

1 * Unione nazionale consumatori[http://c

onsumatori.it]



1 * Federconsumatori[http://www.federconsu

matori.it]



1 * Movimento Consumatori[http://www.movimentoconsumatori.i

t/]


Consumer advocacy group - Japan

1 * Consumers Union of Japan (founded in 1969)


Consumer advocacy group - Japan

1 * Japan Offspring Fund (founded in

1984)


Consumer advocacy group - Korea

1 * Korea Consumer Agency (founded in

1987)[http://www.kca.go.kr]


Consumer advocacy group - Pakistan

1 * The Consumers Eye Pakistan (founded in 2005)

[http://www.consumerseyepakistan.org]



1 The Consumers Eye Pakistan (TCEP) is a non profit registered social

welfare organization (NGO), for the protection of Consumer rights in

Pakistan since 2005



1 politicians, economists, and experts from related fields, to create

awareness and build opinion on nationally important issues. Carrying

out studies and researches on various issues related to Consumers

and consumables. TCEP publish material for consumer awareness in

Pakistan. The Consumers Eye Pakistan have introduced an annual series of awards “Quality-Standard

Award” in 2010 to appreciate for the highly valuable Products/Brands and



1 services in Pakistan



1 * Consumer Voice Pakistan (CVP) (founded in 2002) [http://www.consumervoicepk.com]



1 Consumers Voice (Pakistan) CVP is a non-profit Voluntary Social Welfare organization NGO; Working Since

2002 to empower consumers in Pakistan, with the aim of getting

Pakistani consumers a fairer deal to put the rights of consumers at the

heart of decision-making


Consumer advocacy group - Poland

1 * Stowarzyszenie Konsumentów Polskich (founded in 1995) [http://konsumenci.org]


Consumer advocacy group - Republic of Ireland

1 * The National Consumer Agency (NCA) is a statutory body that

defends consumer interests in the Republic of Ireland


Consumer advocacy group - Romania

1 * Asociatia Nationala pentru Protectia Consumatorilor si Promovarea Programelor si Strategiilor din

Romania/ National Association for Consumers Protection and Promotion

of Programs and Strategies from Romania


Consumer advocacy group - Spain

1 * Organización de Consumidores y Usuarios

(OCU) [http://www.ocu.org]


Consumer advocacy group - Uganda

1 * Uganda Consumer Action Network (U-CAN) [http://www.uganda-can.org]

is a non-government, not-for profit organisation founded in 2007 and

registered as a company limited by guarantee. It works towards ensuring that consumers, especially the most

vulnerable (rural poor, disabled, elderly and women) get value for their money through quick, easy,

accessible and affordable alternate dispute resolution mechanisms.


Consumer advocacy group - United Kingdom

1 In the United Kingdom, the Enterprise Act 2002 allows consumer bodies that have been approved by the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry to be designated as super-complainants to the Office of Fair

Trading



1 * Campaign For Real Ale|CAMRA - a lobbying group concerned with the tradition and

quality of beer.



1 * The Citizen's Advice Bureau, a free service that provides legal advice, practical help and information on

consumer rights across the country.



1 * Consumer Council for Water (formerly known as

Watervoice)



1 * Consumer Direct ( abolished per 31 March 2012 with its functions being passed to Local Trading Standards Departments and Citizens Advice

Consumer Services ) .



1 * Consumer Focus ( formerly National

Consumer Council )



1 * General Consumer Council of Northern Ireland



1 * Good Garage Scheme, an

automobile repair shop motoring

schemehttps://store.theartofservice.com/the-advocacy-group-toolkit.html


1 * Which? - formerly the Consumers Association - a consumer advocacy organisation which has substantial

powers (for example to take representative actions under the

Competition Act 1998) but which is primarily a lobbying organisation

funded entirely by subscriptions to its regular consumer information

magazine.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-advocacy-group-toolkit.html

Consumer advocacy group - United States

1 * Alliance for Justice



1 * Consumer Federation of California



1 * Consumer Watchdog, formerly the Foundation for Taxpayer and Consumer Rights



1 * National Consumers League



1 * U.S. Public Interest Research Group



1 * [https://rn.ftc.gov/pls/dod/wsolcq$.startup?Z_ORG_CODE=PU01 Consumer

Complaint Form, Federal Trade Commission]


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