Advanced reading skills storymap
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Transcript of Advanced reading skills storymap
Identifying the outline map in reading (A)
Victor GAO
Zhejiang International Studies University
3 April 2011
How to read a passage
Writer’sknowledge
How to read a passage
Writer’sknowledge
Sharing with the writer
Reader’s knowledge
Writer’sknowledge
Sharing with the writer
Reader’s knowledge
Writer’sknowledge
Common core shared
Writer’sknowledge
Reader’sknowledge
Common core shared
The more we share, the easier our reading will be
What is skimming like?
The eagle is the reader the landscape is the passage
We usually read like this
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We usually read like this
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1) People are always talking about 'the problem of youth'. If there is one - which I take leave to doubt- then it is older people who create it, not the young themselves. Let us get down to fundamentals and agree that the young are after all human beings - people just like their elders. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future before him and the old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is.
2) When I was a teenager, I felt that I was just young and uncertain -- that I was a new boy in a huge school, and I would have been very pleased to be regarded as something so interesting as a problem. For one thing, being a problem gives you a certain identity, and that is one of the things the young are busily engaged in seeking.
3) I find young people exciting. They have an air of freedom, and they have not a dreary commitment to mean ambitions or love of comfort. They are not anxious social climbers, and they have no devotion to material things. All this seems to me to link them with life, and the origins of things. It's as if they were, in some sense, cosmic beings in violent and lovely contrast with us suburban creatures. All that is in my mind when I meet a young person. He may be conceited, ill-mannered, presumptuous or fatuous, but I do not turn for protection to dreary cliches about respect of elders -- as if mere age were a reason for respect. I accept that we are equals, and I will argue with him, as an equal, if I think he is wrong.
1) People are always talking about 'the problem of youth'. If there is one - which I take leave to doubt- then it is older people who create it, not the young themselves. Let us get down to fundamentals and agree that the young are after all human beings - people just like their elders. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future before him and the old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is.
2) When I was a teenager, I felt that I was just young and uncertain -- that I was a new boy in a huge school, and I would have been very pleased to be regarded as something so interesting as a problem. For one thing, being a problem gives you a certain identity, and that is one of the things the young are busily engaged in seeking.
3) I find young people exciting. They have an air of freedom, and they have not a dreary commitment to mean ambitions or love of comfort. They are not anxious social climbers, and they have no devotion to material things. All this seems to me to link them with life, and the origins of things. It's as if they were, in some sense, cosmic beings in violent and lovely contrast with us suburban creatures. All that is in my mind when I meet a young person. He may be conceited, ill-mannered, presumptuous or fatuous, but I do not turn for protection to dreary cliches about respect of elders -- as if mere age were a reason for respect. I accept that we are equals, and I will argue with him, as an equal, if I think he is wrong.
1) People are always talking about 'the problem of youth'. If there is one - which I take leave to doubt- then it is older people who create it, not the young themselves. Let us get down to fundamentals and agree that the young are after all human beings - people just like their elders. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future before him and the old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is.
2) When I was a teenager, I felt that I was just young and uncertain -- that I was a new boy in a huge school, and I would have been very pleased to be regarded as something so interesting as a problem. For one thing, being a problem gives you a certain identity, and that is one of the things the young are busily engaged in seeking.
3) I find young people exciting. They have an air of freedom, and they have not a dreary commitment to mean ambitions or love of comfort. They are not anxious social climbers, and they have no devotion to material things. All this seems to me to link them with life, and the origins of things. It's as if they were, in some sense, cosmic beings in violent and lovely contrast with us suburban creatures. All that is in my mind when I meet a young person. He may be conceited, ill-mannered, presumptuous or fatuous, but I do not turn for protection to dreary cliches about respect of elders -- as if mere age were a reason for respect. I accept that we are equals, and I will argue with him, as an equal, if I think he is wrong.
How do paragraphs relate to each other?
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??
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??
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When we can’t findthe map…
we may only see
paragraphs,but not the
passage!
we then can’t see the passage
we may only see
paragraphs,but not the
passage!
But there IS a map in the passage
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An outline map of passage
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It is the relationship between paragraphs
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If we find the outline map of a passage like this
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Or if we find the outline map of a passage like this
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Then we see all the paragraphs as a whole piece
We see how the
paragraphsare related!
The map is the relationship between paragraphs
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When we see it, we seethe passage organization
Reading is like dismantling 拆卸 an ox 庖丁解牛
Not only do we see the ox
but its muscles
Then it is the topic in each para that determines the map
The Cambrian Explosion
A reading passage for senior middle school learners
高 歌浙江外国语学院
2011 年 3 月
Cambria is in Wales, UK
where lots of fossils like these were found
Fossils of trilobita 三叶虫
where lots of fossils like these were found
The fossils were found under sediments 沉积体
Let’s read for topics in the outline map
Paragraph One
Cambrian Explosion
4Topic?7
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The geologic 地质 timescale 年代 is marked by significant geologic and biological events, including the origin of Earth about 4.6 billion years ago, the origin of life about 3.5 billion years ago, the origin of eukaryotic 真核生物的 life-forms (living things that have cells with true nuclei 真核 ) about 1.5 billion years ago, and the origin of animals about 0.6 billion years ago. The last event marks the beginning of the Cambrian period. Animals originated relatively late in the history of Earth – in only the last 10 percent of Earth’s history. During a geologically brief 100-million-year period, all modern animal groups (along with other animals that are now extinct) evolved. This rapid origin and diversification 多样化
of animals is often referred to as “the Cambrian explosion.”
Vocabulary learning
The geologic 地质 timescale 年代 is marked by significant geologic and biological events, including the origin of Earth about 4.6 billion years ago, the origin of life about 3.5 billion years ago, the origin of eukaryotic 真核生物的 life-forms (living things that have cells with true nuclei 真核 ) about 1.5 billion years ago, and the origin of animals about 0.6 billion years ago.
The last event marks the beginning of the Cambrian period. Animals originated relatively late in the history of Earth – in o
nly the last 10 percent of Earth’s history. During a geologically brief 100-million-year period, all moder
n animal groups (along with other animals that are now extinct) evolved.
This rapid origin and diversification 多样化 of animals is often referred to as “the Cambrian explosion.”
•The geologic 地质 timescale 年代 is marked by significant geologic and biological events, including the origin of Earth about 4.6 billion years ago, the origin of life about 3.5 billion years ago, the origin of eukaryotic 真核生物的 life-forms (living things that have cells with true nuclei 真核 ) about 1.5 billion years ago, and the origin of animals about 0.6 billion years ago.
•The last event marks the beginning of the Cambrian period. •Animals originated relatively late in the history of Earth – in only the last 10 per
cent of Earth’s history. •During a geologically brief 100-million-year period, all modern animal groups
(along with other animals that are now extinct) evolved. •This rapid origin and diversification 多样化 of animals is often referred to as “t
he Cambrian explosion.”
•The geologic timescale 地质年代 is marked by significant geologic and biological events, including the origin of Earth about 4.6 billion years ago, the origin of life about 3.5 billion years ago, the origin of eukaryotic 真核生物的 life-forms (living things that have cells with true nuclei 真核 ) about 1.5 billion years ago, and the origin of animals about 0.6 billion years ago.
•The last event marks the beginning of the Cambrian period. •Animals originated relatively late in the history of Earth – in only the last 10 per
cent of Earth’s history. •During a geologically brief 100-million-year period, all modern animal groups
(along with other animals that are now extinct) evolved. •This rapid origin and diversification 多样化 of animals is often referred to as “t
he Cambrian explosion.”
•The geologic timescale 地质年代 is marked by significant geologic and biological events, including the origin of Earth about 4.6 billion years ago, the origin of life about 3.5 billion years ago, the origin of eukaryotic 真核生物的 life-forms (living things that have cells with true nuclei 真核 ) about 1.5 billion years ago, and the origin of animals about 0.6 billion years ago.
• The last event marks the beginning of the Cambrian period. • Animals originated relatively late in the history of Earth – in only the last 10 percent of E
arth’s history. • During a geologically brief 100-million-year period, all modern animal groups (along wi
th other animals that are now extinct) evolved. • This rapid origin and diversification 多样化 of animals is often referred to as “the Camb
rian explosion.”
•The geologic timescale 地质年代 is marked by significant geologic and biological events, including the origin of Earth about 4.6 billion years ago, the origin of life about 3.5 billion years ago, the origin of eukaryotic 真核生物 life-forms (living things that have cells with true nuclei 真核 ) about 1.5 billion years ago, and the origin of animals about 0.6 billion years ago.
•The last event marks the beginning of the Cambrian period. •Animals originated relatively late in the history of Earth – in only the last 10 per
cent of Earth’s history. •During a geologically brief 100-million-year period, all modern animal groups
(along with other animals that are now extinct) evolved. •This rapid origin and diversification 多样化 of animals is often referred to as “t
he Cambrian explosion.”
The geologic timescale 地质年代 is marked by significant geologic and biological events, including 大背景:时期的划分1. the origin of Earth about 4.6 billion years ago, 2. the origin of life about 3.5 billion years ago, 3. the origin of eukaryotic 真核生物的 life-forms (living things that have cells wit
h true nuclei) about 1.5 billion years ago, and
4. the origin of animals about 0.6 billion years ago. The last event marks the beginning of the Cambrian p
eriod. 引出背景下的主题 Animals originated relatively late in the history of Earth – in only the
last 10 percent of Earth’s history. 何时 During a geologically brief 100-million-year period, all modern anim
al groups (along with other animals that are now extinct) evolved. 发生了何事
This rapid origin and diversification 多样化 of animals is often referred to as “the Cambrian explosion.” 叫什么
The geologic timescale 地质年代 is marked by significant geologic and biological events, including 大背景:时期的划分1. the origin of Earth about 4.6 billion years ago, 2. the origin of life about 3.5 billion years ago, 3. the origin of eukaryotic 真核生物的 life-forms (living things that have cells wit
h true nuclei) about 1.5 billion years ago, and
4. the origin of animals about 0.6 billion years ago. The last event marks the beginning of the Cambrian p
eriod. 引出背景下的主题 Animals originated relatively late in the history of Earth – in only the
last 10 percent of Earth’s history. 何时 During a geologically brief 100-million-year period, all modern anim
al groups (along with other animals that are now extinct) evolved. 发生了何事
This rapid origin and diversification 多样化 of animals is often referred to as “the Cambrian explosion.” 叫什么
The geologic timescale 地质年代 is marked by significant geologic and biological events, including 大背景:时期的划分
the origin of Earth about 4.6 billion years ago, the origin of life about 3.5 billion years ago, the origin of eukaryotic 真核生物的 life-forms (living things that have c
ells with true nuclei) about 1.5 billion years ago, and the origin of animals about 0.6 billion years ago.
The last event marks the beginning of the Cambrian period. 引出背景下的主题
Animals originated relatively late in the history of Earth – in only the last 10 percent of Earth’s history. 何时
During a geologically brief 100-million-year period, all modern animal groups (along with other animals that are now extinct) evolved. 发生了何事
This rapid origin and diversification 多样化 of animals is often referred to as “the Cambrian explosion.”
The geologic timescale 地质年代 is marked by significant geologic and biological events, including 大背景:时期的划分
the origin of Earth about 4.6 billion years ago, the origin of life about 3.5 billion years ago, the origin of eukaryotic 真核生物的 life-forms (living things that have c
ells with true nuclei) about 1.5 billion years ago, and the origin of animals about 0.6 billion years ago.
The last event marks the beginning of the Cambrian period. 引出背景下的主题
Animals originated relatively late in the history of Earth – in only the last 10 percent of Earth’s history. (when)
During a geologically brief 100-million-year period, all modern animal groups (along with other animals that are now extinct) evolved. (what)
This rapid origin and diversification 多样化 of animals is often referred to as “the Cambrian explosion.”
The geologic timescale 地质年代 is marked by significant geologic and biological events, including 大背景:时期的划分
the origin of Earth about 4.6 billion years ago, the origin of life about 3.5 billion years ago, the origin of eukaryotic 真核生物的 life-forms (living things that have c
ells with true nuclei) about 1.5 billion years ago, and the origin of animals about 0.6 billion years ago.
The last event marks the beginning of the Cambrian period. 引出背景下的主题
Animals originated relatively late in the history of Earth – in only the last 10 percent of Earth’s history. (when)
During a geologically brief 100-million-year period, all modern animal groups (along with other animals that are now extinct) evolved. (what)
This rapid origin and diversification 多样化 of animals is often referred to as “the Cambrian explosion.”
The geologic timescale 地质年代 is marked by significant geologic and biological events, including 大背景:时期的划分
the origin of Earth about 4.6 billion years ago, the origin of life about 3.5 billion years ago, the origin of eukaryotic 真核生物的 life-forms (living things that have c
ells with true nuclei) about 1.5 billion years ago, and the origin of animals about 0.6 billion years ago.
The last event marks the beginning of the Cambrian period. 引出背景下的主题
Animals originated relatively late in the history of Earth – in only the last 10 percent of Earth’s history. (when)
During a geologically brief 100-million-year period, all modern animal groups (along with other animals that are now extinct) evolved. (what)
This rapid origin and diversification 多样化 of animals is often referred to as “the Cambrian explosion.”
The geologic timescale 地质年代 is marked by significant geologic and biological events, including 大背景:时期的划分
the origin of Earth about 4.6 billion years ago, the origin of life about 3.5 billion years ago, the origin of eukaryotic 真核生物的 life-forms (living things that have ce
lls with true nuclei) about 1.5 billion years ago, and the origin of animals about 0.6 billion years ago.
The last event marks the beginning of the Cambrian period. 引出背景下的主题
Animals originated relatively late in the history of Earth – in only the last 10 percent of Earth’s history. (when)
During a geologically brief 100-million-year period, all modern animal groups (along with other animals that are now extinct) evolved. What (what)
This rapid origin and diversification 多样化 of animals is often referred to as “the Cambrian explosion.” 归纳、强化主题
The geologic timescale is marked by significant events,
The last event marks the beginning of the Cambrian period.
The last event, Cambrian explosion, is rapid origin and diversification 多样化of animals
The geologic timescale is marked by significant events,
The last event marks the beginning of the Cambrian period.
The last event, Cambrian explosion, is rapid origin and diversification 多样化of animals
The geologic timescale is marked by significant events,
The last event Cambrian explosion is rapid origin and diversification of animals
Cambrian explosion: rapid origin and diversification of
animals
4Cambrian explosion7
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Paragraph Two
Cambrian Explosion
Cambrian explosion
Topic?
Scientists have asked important questions about this explosion for more than a century. Why did it occur so late in the history of Earth? The origin of multicellular 多细胞的 forms of life seems a relatively simple step compared to the origin of life itself. Why does the fossil record not document the series of evolutionary changes during the evolution of animals? Why did animal life evolve so quickly? Paleontologists 古生物学者 continue to search the fossil record for answers to these questions.
Vocabulary learning
Scientists have asked important questions about this explosion for more than a century.
Why did it occur so late in the history of Earth? The origin of multicellular 多细胞的 forms of life see
ms a relatively simple step compared to the origin of life itself.
Why does the fossil record not document the series of evolutionary changes during the evolution of animals?
Why did animal life evolve so quickly? Paleontologists 古生物学者 continue to search the fo
ssil record for answers to these questions.
Scientists have asked important questions about this explosion for more than a century.
Why did it occur so late in the history of Earth? The origin of multicellular 多细胞的 forms of life see
ms a relatively simple step compared to the origin of life itself.
Why does the fossil record not document the series of evolutionary changes during the evolution of animals?
Why did animal life evolve so quickly? Paleontologists 古生物学者 continue to search the fo
ssil record for answers to these questions.
Scientists have asked important questions about this explosion for more than a century.
Why did it occur so late in the history of Earth? The origin of multicellular 多细胞的 forms of life s
eems a relatively simple step compared to the origin of life itself.
Why does the fossil record not document the series of evolutionary changes during the evolution of animals?
Why did animal life evolve so quickly? Paleontologists 古生物学者 continue to search the fo
ssil record for answers to these questions.
Scientists have asked important questions about this explosion for more than a century.
Why did it occur so late in the history of Earth? (表示不解,并提出不解的依据) The origin of multicellular 多细胞的 forms of life s
eems a relatively simple step compared to the origin of life itself.
Why does the fossil record not document the series of evolutionary changes during the evolution of animals?
Why did animal life evolve so quickly? Paleontologists 古生物学者 continue to search the fo
ssil record for answers to these questions.
Scientists have asked important questions about this explosion for more than a century.
Why did it occur so late in the history of Earth? (表示不解,并提出不解的依据) The origin of multicellular 多细胞的 forms of life s
eems a relatively simple step compared to the origin of life itself.
Why does the fossil record not document the series of evolutionary changes during the evolution of animals?
Why did animal life evolve so quickly? Paleontologists 古生物学者 continue to search the fo
ssil record for answers to these questions.
Scientists have asked important questions about this explosion for more than a century.
Why did it occur so late in the history of Earth? (表示不解) The origin of multicellular 多细胞的 forms of life s
eems a relatively simple step compared to the origin of life itself. (并提出不解的依据)
Why does the fossil record not document the series of evolutionary changes during the evolution of animals?
Why did animal life evolve so quickly? Paleontologists 古生物学者 continue to search the fo
ssil record for answers to these questions.
Scientists have asked important questions about this explosion for more than a century. Why did it occur so late in the history of Earth? The origin of multicellular 多细胞的 forms of life seems a relatively simple step compared to the origin of life itself. Why does the fossil record not document the series of evolutionary changes during the evolution of animals? Why did animal life evolve so quickly? Paleontologists 古生物学者 continue to search the fossil record for answers to these questions. (cohesive device) 预测下段
Scientists have asked important questions about this explosion for more than a century. Why did it occur so late in the history of Earth? The origin of multicellular 多细胞的 forms of life seems a relatively simple step compared to the origin of life itself. Why does the fossil record not document the series of evolutionary changes during the evolution of animals? Why did animal life evolve so quickly? Paleontologists 古生物学者 continue to search the fossil record for answers to these questions. 承上启下 预测下段
Scientists have asked important questions about this explosion for more than a century.
Why did it occur so late in the history of Earth? The origin of multicellular forms of life seems a relatively simple step compared to the origin of life itself.
Why does the fossil record not document the series of evolutionary changes during the evolution of animals?
Why did animal life evolve so quickly? Paleontologists 古生物学者 continue to search the fos
sil record for answers to these questions.
Scientists have asked important questions about this explosion for more than a century. Why did it occur so late in the history of Earth? The origin of multicellular forms of life seems a relatively simple step compared to the origin of life itself. Why does the fossil record not document the series of evolutionary changes during the evolution of animals? Why did animal life evolve so quickly? Paleontologists 古生物学者 continue to search the fossil record for answers to these questions.
Scientists have asked important questions about this explosion for more than a century. Why did it occur so late in the history of Earth? The origin of multicellular forms of life seems a relatively simple step compared to the origin of life itself. Why does the fossil record not document the series of evolutionary changes during the evolution of animals? Why did animal life evolve so quickly? Paleontologists 古生物学者 continue to search the fossil record for answers to these questions.
Scientists have asked important questions about this explosion for more than a century. Why did it occur so late in the history of Earth? The origin of multicellular forms of life seems a relatively simple step compared to the origin of life itself. Why does the fossil record not document the series of evolutionary changes during the evolution of animals? Why did animal life evolve so quickly? Paleontologists 古生物学者 continue to search the fossil record for answers to these questions.
Scientist have questions and search for answers
To summarize…
Questions & search for answers
Cambrian explosion
Questions & search for answers
Cambrian explosion
Topic?Questions & search for answers
Paragraph Three
Cambrian Explosion
One interpretation 解释 regarding the absence of fossils during this important 100-million-year period is that early animals were soft bodied and simply did not fossilize 成化石 . Fossilization of soft-bodied animals is less likely than fossilization of hard-bodied animals, but it does occur. Conditions that promote fossilization of soft-bodied animals include very rapid covering by sediments 沉积体 that create an environment that discourages decomposition 腐烂 . In fact, fossil beds containing soft-bodied animals have been known for many years.
Vocabulary learning
One interpretation 解释 regarding the absence of fossils during this important 100-million-year period is that early animals were soft bodied and simply did not fossilize 成化石 .
Fossilization of soft-bodied animals is less likely than fossilization of hard-bodied animals, but it does occur.
Conditions that promote fossilization of soft-bodied animals include very rapid covering by sediments 沉积体 that create an environment that discourages decomposition 腐烂 .
In fact, fossil beds containing soft-bodied animals have been known for many years.
One interpretation 解释 regarding the absence of fossils during this important 100-million-year period is that early animals were soft bodied and simply did not fossilize 成化石 .
Fossilization of soft-bodied animals is less likely than fossilization of hard-bodied animals, but it does occur.
Conditions that promote fossilization of soft-bodied animals include very rapid covering by sediments 沉积体 that create an environment that discourages decomposition 腐烂 .
In fact, fossil beds containing soft-bodied animals have been known for many years.
One interpretation 解释 regarding the absence of fossils during this important 100-million-year period is that early animals were soft bodied and simply did not fossilize.
Fossilization of soft-bodied animals is less likely than fossilization of hard-bodied animals, but it does occur.
Conditions that promote fossilization of soft-bodied animals include very rapid covering by sediments 沉积体 that create an environment that discourages decomposition 腐烂 .
In fact, fossil beds containing soft-bodied animals have been known for many years.
One interpretation 解释 regarding the absence of fossils during this important 100-million-year period is that early animals were soft bodied and simply did not fossilize 化石化 .
Fossilization of soft-bodied animals is less likely than fossilization of hard-bodied animals,
but it does occur. Conditions that promote fossilization of soft-bodied animals include very rapid covering by sediments 沉积体 that create an environment that discourages decomposition 腐烂 .
In fact, fossil beds containing soft-bodied animals have been known for many years.
One interpretation 解释 regarding the absence of fossils during this important 100-million-year period is that early animals were soft bodied and simply did not fossilize 化石化 .
Fossilization of soft-bodied animals is less likely than fossilization of hard-bodied animals,
but it does occur. Conditions that promote fossilization of soft-bodied animals include very rapid covering by sediments 沉积体 that create an environment that discourages decomposition 腐烂 .
In fact, fossil beds containing soft-bodied animals have been known for many years.
One interpretation 解释 regarding the absence of fossils during this important 100-million-year period is that early animals were soft bodied and simply did not fossilize 化石化 .
Fossilization of soft-bodied animals is less likely than fossilization of hard-bodied animals,
but it does occur. Conditions that promote fossilization of soft-bodied animals include very rapid covering by sediments 沉积体 that create an environment that discourages decomposition. 腐烂
In fact, fossil beds containing soft-bodied animals have been known for many years.
One interpretation 解释 regarding the absence of fossils during this important 100-million-year period is that early animals were soft bodied and simply did not fossilize 化石化 . Fossilization of soft-bodied animals is less likel
y than fossilization of hard-bodied animals, but it does occur. Conditions that promote fossili
zation of soft-bodied animals include very rapid covering by sediments 沉积体 that create an environment that discourages decomposition 腐烂 .
In fact, fossil beds containing soft-bodied animals have been known for many years.
One interpretation 解释 regarding the absence of fossils during this important 100-million-year period is that early animals were soft bodied and simply did not fossilize.
Fossilization of soft-bodied animals is less likely than fossilization of hard-bodied animals,
but it does occur. Conditions that promote fossilization of soft-bodied animals include very rapid covering by sediments that create an environment that discourages decomposition 腐烂 .
In fact, fossil beds containing soft-bodied animals have been known for many years.
One interpretation 解释 regarding the absence of fossils during this important 100-million-year period is that early animals were soft bodied and simply did not fossilize.
Fossilization of soft-bodied animals is less likely than fossilization of hard-bodied animals,
but it does occur. Conditions that promote fossilization of soft-bodied animals include very rapid covering by sediments that create an environment that discourages decomposition 腐烂 .
In fact, fossil beds containing soft-bodied animals have been known for many years.
In fact, fossil beds containing soft-bodied animals have been known for many years.
Fossil beds containing
soft-bodied animals
Soft-bodied animals were
fossilized
Cambrian explosion
Soft-bodied animals
were fossilized
Questions & search for answers
Topic?Cambrian explosion
Soft-bodied animals
were fossilized
Questions & search for answers
Paragraph Four
Cambrian Explosion
The Ediacara 埃迪卡拉 fossil formation, which contains the oldest known animal fossils, consists exclusively 只有 of soft-bodied forms. Although named after a site in Australia, the Ediacara formation 动物群 is worldwide in distribution 分布 and dates to PreCambrian times. This 700-million-year-old formation gives few clues to the origins of modern animals, however, because paleontologists 古生物学者 believe it represents an evolutionary experiment that failed. It contains no ancestors of modern animal groups.
Vocabulary learning
The Ediacara 埃迪卡拉 fossil formation, which contains the oldest known animal fossils, consists exclusively 只有 of soft-bodied forms.
Although named after a site in Australia, the Ediacara formation 动物群 is worldwide in distribution 分
布 and dates to PreCambrian times. This 700-million-year-old formation gives few clu
es to the origins of modern animals, however, because paleontologists 古生物学者 believe it represents an evolutionary experiment that failed.
It contains no ancestors of modern animal groups.
The Ediacara 埃迪卡拉 fossil formation, which contains the oldest known animal fossils, consists exclusively of soft-bodied forms.
Although named after a site in Australia, the Ediacara formation is worldwide in distribution and dates to PreCambrian times.
However, this 700-million-year-old formation gives few clues to the origins of modern animals, because paleontologists 古生物学者 believe it represents an evolutionary experiment that failed.
It contains no ancestors of modern animal groups.
The Ediacara 埃迪卡拉 fossil formation, which contains the oldest known animal fossils, consists exclusively of soft-bodied forms.
Although named after a site in Australia, the Ediacara formation is worldwide in distribution and dates to PreCambrian times.
However, this 700-million-year-old formation gives few clues to the origins of modern animals, because paleontologists 古生物学者 believe it represents an evolutionary experiment that failed.
It contains no ancestors of modern animal groups.
The Ediacara 埃迪卡拉 fossil formation, which contains the oldest known animal fossils, consists exclusively of soft-bodied forms.
Although named after a site in Australia, the Ediacara formation is worldwide in distribution and dates to PreCambrian times.
However, this 700-million-year-old formation gives few clues to the origins of modern animals, because paleontologists 古生物学者 believe it represents an evolutionary experiment that failed.
It contains no ancestors of modern animal groups.
The Ediacara has no ancestors of modern
animals.
Ediacara’s weren’t
ancestors ofmodern animals
Ediacara’s weren’t
ancestors ofmodern animals
Cambrian explosion
Soft-bodied animals
were fossilized
Questions & search for answers
Topic?
Paragraph Five
Cambrian Explosion
A slightly younger fossil formation containing animal remains 遗骸 is the Tommotian formation, named after a locale 地点 in Russia. It dates to the very early Cambrian period, and it also contains only soft-bodied forms. At one time, the animals present in these fossil beds were assigned 划分 to various modern animal groups, but most paleontologists now agree that all Tommotian fossils represent unique body forms that arose in the early Cambrian period and disappeared before the end of the period, leaving no descendants 后代 in modern animal groups.
Vocabulary learning
A slightly younger fossil formation containing animal remains 遗骸 is the Tommotian formation, named after a locale 地点 in Russia.
It dates to the very early Cambrian period, and it also contains only soft-bodied forms.
At one time, the animals present in these fossil beds were assigned 划分 to various modern animal groups, but most paleontologists now agree that all Tommotian fossils represent unique body forms that arose in the early Cambrian period and disappeared before the end of the period, leaving no descendants 后代 in modern animal groups.
A slightly younger fossil formation containing animal remains 遗骸 is the Tommotian formation, named after a locale 地点 in Russia.
It dates to the very early Cambrian period, and it also contains only soft-bodied forms.
At one time, the animals present in these fossil beds were assigned to various modern animal groups,
but most paleontologists now agree that all Tommotian fossils represent unique body forms that arose in the early Cambrian period and disappeared before the end of the period, leaving no descendants 后
代 in modern animal groups.
A slightly younger fossil formation containing animal remains 遗骸 is the Tommotian formation, named after a locale 地点 in Russia.
It dates to the very early Cambrian period, and it also contains only soft-bodied forms.
At one time, the animals present in these fossil beds were assigned 划分 to various modern animal groups, but most paleontologists now agree that all Tommotian fossils represent unique body forms that arose in the early Cambrian period and disappeared before the end of the period, leaving no descendants 后代 in modern animal groups.
A slightly younger fossil formation containing animal remains 遗骸 is the Tommotian formation, named after a locale 地点 in Russia.
It dates to the very early Cambrian period, and it also contains only soft-bodied forms.
At one time, the animals present in these fossil beds were assigned 划分 to various modern animal groups, but most paleontologists now agree that all Tommotian fossils represent unique body forms that arose in the early Cambrian period and disappeared before the end of the period, leaving no descendants 后代 in modern animal groups.
A slightly younger fossil formation containing animal remains 遗骸 is the Tommotian formation, named after a locale 地点 in Russia.
It dates to the very early Cambrian period, and it also contains only soft-bodied forms.
At one time, the animals present in these fossil beds were assigned 划分 to various modern animal groups, but most paleontologists now agree that all Tommotian fossils represent unique body forms that arose in the early Cambrian period and disappeared before the end of the period, leaving no descendants 后代 in modern animal groups.
A slightly younger fossil formation containing animal remains 遗骸 is the Tommotian formation, named after a locale 地点 in Russia.
It dates to the very early Cambrian period, and it also contains only soft-bodied forms.
At one time, the animals present in these fossil beds were assigned 划分 to various modern animal groups, but most paleontologists now agree that all Tommotian fossils represent unique body forms that arose in the early Cambrian period and disappeared before the end of the period, leaving no descendants 后代 in modern animal groups.
A slightly younger fossil formation containing animal remains 遗骸 is the Tommotian formation, named after a locale 地点 in Russia.
It dates to the very early Cambrian period, and it also contains only soft-bodied forms.
At one time, the animals present in these fossil beds were assigned 归属 to various modern animal groups,
but most paleontologists now agree that all Tommotian fossils represent unique body forms that arose in the early Cambrian period and disappeared before the end of the period, leaving no descendants 后
代 in modern animal groups.
A slightly younger fossil formation containing animal remains 遗骸 is the Tommotian formation, named after a locale 地点 in Russia.
It dates to the very early Cambrian period, and it also contains only soft-bodied forms.
At one time, the animals present in these fossil beds were assigned 归属 to various modern animal groups,
but most paleontologists now agree that all Tommotian fossils represent unique body forms that arose in the early Cambrian period and disappeared before the end of the period, leaving no descendants 后代 in modern animal groups.
A slightly younger fossil formation containing animal remains is the Tommotian formation, named after a locale 地点 in Russia.
It dates to the very early Cambrian period, and it also contains only soft-bodied forms.
At one time, the animals present in these fossil beds were assigned 归属 to various modern animal groups,
but most paleontologists now agree that all Tommotian fossils represent unique body forms that arose in the early Cambrian period and disappeared before the end of the period, leaving no descendants 后代 in modern animal groups.
Tommotian leaves no descendants in modern
animal groups.
Tommotian leaves no descendants
in modern animals.
Tommotian leaves no
modern animals
descendants
Ediacara’s weren’t
ancestors ofmodern animals
Cambrian explosion
Soft-bodied animals
were fossilized
Questions & search for answers
Tommotian leaves no
modern animals
descendants
Ediacara’s weren’t
modern animal ancestors
Cambrian explosion
Soft-bodied animals
were fossilized
Questions & search for answers
Topic?
Tommotian leaves no
modern animals
descendants
Paragraph Six
Cambrian Explosion
Ediacara’s weren’t
modern animal ancestors
Cambrian explosion
Soft-bodied animals
were fossilized
Questions & search for answers
Topic?
Tommotian leaves no
modern animals
descendants
A third fossil formation containing both soft-bodied and hard-bodied animals provides evidence of the result of the Cambrian explosion. This fossil formation, called the Burgess Shale, 泥板岩 is in Yoho National Park in the Canadian Rocky Mountains of British Columbia. Shortly after the Cambrian explosion, mud slides rapidly buried thousands of marine 海洋的 animals under conditions that favored fossilization. These fossil beds provide evidence of about 32 modern animal groups, plus about 20 other animal body forms that are so different from any modern animals that they cannot be assigned to any one of the modern groups. These unassignable 无法划分的 animals include a large swimming predator 掠食者 called Anomalocaris 奇虾 and a soft-bodied animal called Wiwaxia, which ate detritus 碎屑 of algae. 海藻 The Burgess Shale formation also has fossils of many extinct 灭绝 representatives of modern animal groups. For example, a well-known Burgess Shale animal called Sidneyia is a representative of a previously unknown group of arthropods 节肢动物 (a category of animals that includes insects, spiders, mites 螨虫 , and crabs).
Vocabulary learning
A third fossil formation containing both soft-bodied and hard-bodied animals provides evidence of the result of the Cambrian explosion.
This fossil formation, called the Burgess Shale 泥板岩 , is in Yoho National Park in the Canadian Rocky Mountains of British Columbia.
Shortly after the Cambrian explosion, mud slides rapidly buried thousands of marine 海洋的 animals under conditions that favored fossilization.
These fossil beds provide evidence of about 32 modern animal groups, plus about 20 other animal body forms that are so different from any modern animals that they cannot be assigned to any one of the modern groups.
These unassignable 无法划分的 animals include a large swimming predator 掠食者 called Anomalocaris 奇虾 and a soft-bodied animal called Wiwaxia, which ate detritus of algae. 海藻
The Burgess Shale formation also has fossils of many extinct representatives of modern animal groups.
For example, a well-known Burgess Shale animal called Sidneyia is a representative of a previously unknown group of arthropods 节肢动物(a category 类属 of animals that includes insects, spiders, mites, and crabs).
A third fossil formation containing both soft-bodied and hard-bodied animals provides evidence of the result of the Cambrian explosion.
This fossil formation, called the Burgess Shale 泥板岩 , is in Yoho National Park in the Canadian Rocky Mountains of British Columbia. (where)
Shortly after the Cambrian explosion, mud slides rapidly buried thousands of marine 海洋的 animals under conditions that favored fossilization.
These fossil beds provide evidence of about 32 modern animal groups, plus about 20 other animal body forms that are so different from any modern animals that they cannot be assigned to any one of the modern groups.
These unassignable 无法划分的 animals include a large swimming predator 掠食者 called Anomalocaris 奇虾 and a soft-bodied animal called Wiwaxia, which ate detritus of algae. 海藻碎屑
The Burgess Shale formation also has fossils of many extinct 灭绝 representatives of modern animal groups.
For example, a well-known Burgess Shale animal called Sidneyia is a representative of a previously unknown group of arthropods 节肢动物 (a category 类属 of animals that includes insects, spiders, mites, and crabs).
A third fossil formation containing both soft-bodied and hard-bodied animals provides evidence of the result of the Cambrian explosion.
This fossil formation, called the Burgess Shale 泥板岩 , is in Yoho National Park in the Canadian Rocky Mountains of British Columbia. (where)
Shortly after the Cambrian explosion, mud slides rapidly buried thousands of marine 海洋的 animals under conditions that favored fossilization. (when + what)
These fossil beds provide evidence of about 32 modern animal groups, plus about 20 other animal body forms that are so different from any modern animals that they cannot be assigned to any one of the modern groups.
These unassignable 无法划分的 animals include a large swimming predator 掠食者 called Anomalocaris 奇虾 and a soft-bodied animal called Wiwaxia, which ate detritus of algae. 海藻碎屑
The Burgess Shale formation also has fossils of many extinct 灭绝 representatives of modern animal groups.
For example, a well-known Burgess Shale animal called Sidneyia is a representative of a previously unknown group of arthropods 节肢动物 (a category 类属 of animals that includes insects, spiders, mites, and crabs).
A third fossil formation containing both soft-bodied and hard-bodied animals provides evidence of the result of the Cambrian explosion.
This fossil formation, called the Burgess Shale 泥板岩 , is in Yoho National Park in the Canadian Rocky Mountains of British Columbia.
Shortly after the Cambrian explosion, mud slides rapidly buried thousands of marine animals under conditions that favored fossilization.
These fossil beds provide evidence of about 32 modern animal groups, plus about 20 other animal body forms that are so different from any modern animals that they cannot be assigned to any one of the modern groups. (result) These unassignable 无法划分的 animals include a large swimming pr
edator 掠食者 called Anomalocaris 奇虾 and a soft-bodied animal called Wiwaxia, which ate detritus of algae. 海藻
The Burgess Shale 泥板岩 formation also has fossils of many extinct 灭绝 representatives of modern animal groups.
For example, a well-known Burgess Shale animal called Sidneyia is a representative of a previously unknown group of arthropods 节肢动物 (a category 类属 of animals that includes insects, spiders, mites, and crabs).
A third fossil formation containing both soft-bodied and hard-bodied animals provides evidence of the result of the Cambrian explosion.
This fossil formation, called the Burgess Shale, is in Yoho National Park in the Canadian Rocky Mountains of British Columbia.
Shortly after the Cambrian explosion, mud slides rapidly buried thousands of marine animals under conditions that favored fossilization.
These fossil beds provide evidence of about 32 modern animal groups, plus about 20 other animal body forms that are so different from any modern animals that they cannot be assigned to any one of the modern groups. These unassignable 无法划分的 animals include a large swimming pr
edator 掠食者 called Anomalocaris 奇虾 and a soft-bodied animal called Wiwaxia, which ate detritus of algae. 海藻
The Burgess Shale formation also has fossils of many extinct representatives of modern animal groups. For example, a well-known Burgess Shale animal called Sidneyia is a r
epresentative of a previously unknown group of arthropods 节肢动物 (a category 类属 of animals that includes insects, spiders, mites, and crabs).
A third fossil formation containing both soft-bodied and hard-bodied animals provides evidence of the result of the Cambrian explosion.
This fossil formation, called the Burgess Shale, is in Yoho National Park in the Canadian Rocky Mountains of British Columbia.
Shortly after the Cambrian explosion, mud slides rapidly buried thousands of marine animals under conditions that favored fossilization.
These fossil beds provide evidence of about 32 modern animal groups, plus about 20 other animal body forms that are so different from any modern animals that they cannot be assigned to any one of the modern groups. These unassignable 无法划分的 animals include a large swimming pr
edator 掠食者 called Anomalocaris 奇虾 and a soft-bodied animal called Wiwaxia, which ate detritus of algae. 海藻
The Burgess Shale formation also has fossils of many extinct 灭绝 representatives of modern animal groups. For example, a well-known Burgess Shale animal called Sidneyia
is a representative of a previously unknown group of arthropods节肢动物 (a category 类属 of animals that includes insects, spiders, mites, and crabs).
A third fossil formation containing both soft-bodied and hard-bodied animals provides evidence of the result of the Cambrian explosion.
This fossil formation, called the Burgess Shale, is in Yoho National Park in the Canadian Rocky Mountains of British Columbia.
Shortly after the Cambrian explosion, mud slides rapidly buried thousands of marine animals under conditions that favored fossilization.
These fossil beds provide evidence of about 32 modern animal groups, plus about 20 other animal body forms that are so different from any modern animals that they cannot be assigned to any one of the modern groups. These unassignable 无法划分的 animals include a large swimming pr
edator 掠食者 called Anomalocaris 奇虾 and a soft-bodied animal called Wiwaxia, which ate detritus of algae. 海藻 举例说明
The Burgess Shale formation also has fossils of many extinct 灭绝 representatives of modern animal groups. For example, a well-known Burgess Shale animal called Sidneyia
is a representative of a previously unknown group of arthropods节肢动物 (a category 类属 of animals that includes insects, spiders, mites, and crabs).
A third fossil formation containing both soft-bodied and hard-bodied animals provides evidence of the result of the Cambrian explosion.
This fossil formation, called the Burgess Shale, is in Yoho National Park in the Canadian Rocky Mountains of British Columbia.
Shortly after the Cambrian explosion, mud slides rapidly buried thousands of marine animals under conditions that favored fossilization.
These fossil beds provide evidence of about 32 modern animal groups, plus about 20 other animal body forms that are so different from any modern animals that they cannot be assigned to any one of the modern groups. These unassignable 无法划分的 animals include a large swimming pr
edator 掠食者 called Anomalocaris 奇虾 and a soft-bodied animal called Wiwaxia, which ate detritus of algae. 海藻举例说明
The Burgess Shale formation also has fossils of many extinct 灭绝 representatives of modern animal groups. For example, a well-known Burgess Shale animal called Sidneyia
is a representative of a previously unknown group of arthropods节肢动物 (a category 类属 of animals that includes insects, spiders, mites, and crabs).
A third fossil formation containing both soft-bodied and hard-bodied animals provides evidence of the result of the Cambrian explosion.
This fossil formation, called the Burgess Shale, is in Yoho National Park in the Canadian Rocky Mountains of British Columbia.
Shortly after the Cambrian explosion, mud slides rapidly buried thousands of marine animals under conditions that favored fossilization.
These fossil beds provide evidence of about 32 modern animal groups, plus about 20 other animal body forms that are so different from any modern animals that they cannot be assigned to any one of the modern groups. These unassignable 无法划分的 animals include a large swimming pr
edator 掠食者 called Anomalocaris 奇虾 and a soft-bodied animal called Wiwaxia, which ate detritus of algae. 海藻举例说明
The Burgess Shale formation also has fossils of many extinct 灭绝 representatives of modern animal groups. For example, a well-known Burgess Shale animal called Sidneyia
is a representative of a previously unknown group of arthropods节肢动物 (a category 类属 of animals that includes insects, spiders, mites, and crabs). 举例说明
Burgess Shale has modern animals,
some are extinct or unassignable 灭绝
Burgess Shale has modern
animals, some are
unassignable or extinct
Ediacara’s weren’t
modern animal ancestors
Cambrian explosion
Topic?
Soft-bodied animals
were fossilized
Questions & search for answers
Burgess Shale has modern
animals, some unassignable
or extinct
Tommotian leaves no
modern animals
descendants
Paragraph Seven
Cambrian Explosion
Fossil formations like the Burgess Shale 伯尼斯泥板岩 show that evolution cannot always be thought of as a slow progression 进程 .The Cambrian explosion involved rapid evolutionary diversification, followed by the extinction of many unique 唯一的 animals. Why was this evolution so rapid? No one really knows. Many zoologists believe that it was because so many ecological niches 小生
态区 were available with virtually no competition from existing species. Will zoologists ever know the evolutionary sequences 顺序 in the Cambrian explosion? Perhaps another ancient fossil bed of soft-bodied animals from 600-million-year-old seas is awaiting discovery.
Vocabulary learning
Fossil formations like the Burgess Shale 伯尼斯泥板岩 show that evolution cannot always be thought of as a slow progression 进程 .
The Cambrian explosion involved rapid evolutionary diversification, followed by the extinction of many unique 唯一的 animals.
Why was this evolution so rapid? No one really knows. Many zoologists believe that it was because so many ec
ological niches 小生态区 were available with virtually no competition from existing species.
Will zoologists ever know the evolutionary sequences 顺序 in the Cambrian explosion?
Perhaps another ancient fossil bed of soft-bodied animals from 600-million-year-old seas is awaiting discovery.
Fossil formations like the Burgess Shale 伯尼斯泥板岩 show that evolution cannot always be thought of as a slow progression 进程 .
The Cambrian explosion involved rapid evolutionary diversification, followed by the extinction of many unique唯一的 animals.
Why was this evolution so rapid? No one really knows. Many zoologists believe that it was because so man
y ecological niches 小生态区 were available with virtually no competition from existing species.
Will zoologists ever know the evolutionary sequences顺序 in the Cambrian explosion?
Perhaps another ancient fossil bed of soft-bodied animals from 600-million-year-old seas is awaiting discovery.
Fossil formations like the Burgess Shale show that evolution cannot always be thought of as a slow progression 进程 .
The Cambrian explosion involved rapid evolutionary diversification, followed by the extinction of many unique唯一的 animals.
Why was this evolution so rapid? No one really knows. Many zoologists believe that it was because so man
y ecological niches 小生态区 were available with virtually no competition from existing species.
Will zoologists ever know the evolutionary sequences顺序 in the Cambrian explosion?
Perhaps another ancient fossil bed of soft-bodied animals from 600-million-year-old seas is awaiting discovery.
Fossil formations like the Burgess Shale show that evolution cannot always be thought of as a slow progression 进程 .
The Cambrian explosion involved rapid evolutionary diversification, followed by the extinction of many unique 唯一的 animals.
Why was this evolution so rapid? No one really knows.
Many zoologists believe that it was because so many ecological niches 小生态区 were available with virtually no competition from existing species.
Will zoologists ever know the evolutionary sequences顺序 in the Cambrian explosion?
Perhaps another ancient fossil bed of soft-bodied animals from 600-million-year-old seas is awaiting discovery.
Fossil formations like the Burgess Shale show that evolution cannot always be thought of as a slow progression 进程 .
The Cambrian explosion involved rapid evolutionary diversification, followed by the extinction of many unique 唯一的 animals.
Why was this evolution so rapid? No one really knows.
Many zoologists believe that it was because so many ecological niches 小生态区 were available with virtually no competition from existing species.
Will zoologists ever know the evolutionary sequences顺序 in the Cambrian explosion?
Perhaps another ancient fossil bed of soft-bodied animals from 600-million-year-old seas is awaiting discovery.
Evolution isn’t always slow due to certain environment.
Evolution isn’t always slow due to
certainenvironment
Ediacara’s weren’t
modern animal ancestors
Cambrian explosion
Evolution isn’t always slow due to
certainenvironment.
Soft-bodied animals
were fossilized
Questions & search for answers
Burgess Shale has modern
animals, some unassignable
or extinct
Tommotian leaves no
modern animals
descendants
Ediacara’s weren’t
modern animal ancestors
Cambrian explosion: rapid origin and diversification
of animals
Evolution isn’t always slow due to
certainenvironment.
Soft-bodied animals
were fossilized
Questions & search for answers
Burgess Shale has modern
animals, some unassignable
or extinct
Tommotian leaves no
modern animals
descendants
Burgess Shale has modern
animals, someunassignable
or extinct
Tommotian leaves no
modern animals
descendants
Ediacara’s weren’t
modern animal ancestors
Cambrian explosion:
rapid origin and diversification
of animals
Questions & search for
answers
Evolution isn’t always slow due to environment
Softbodied animals
were fossilized
Burgess Shale has modern
animals, someunassignable
or extinct
Tommotian leaves no
modern animals
descendants
Ediacara’s weren’t
modern animal ancestors
Cambrian explosion:
rapid origin and diversification
of animals
Questions & search for
answers
Evolution isn’t always slow due to environment
Softbodied animals
were fossilized
Ediacara’s weren’t
modern animal ancestors
Cambrian explosion: rapid origin and diversification
of animals
Evolution isn’t always slow due to
certainenvironment.
Soft-bodied animals
were fossilized
Questions & search for answers
Burgess Shale has modern
animals, someunassignable
or extinct
Tommotian
leaves no modern animals
descendants
Active comprehension strategies
Inferring
PredictingQuestioning
the text
Making connections •Text-to-text•Text-to-self
Finding important
information
Visualizing
Summarizing
Monitoring comprehension
Reading skills at work
The Cambrian Explosion
Vocabulary
Learning
Victor GAO
Zhejiang International Studies University
3 April 2011
Cambrian Explosion
地球地质史
Geologic time scale 地球地质史
Cambrian explosion 寒武纪大爆发
eukaryotic 真核生物
eukaryotic
eukaryotic 真核生物
eukaryotic
eukaryotic 真核生物
multicellular 多细胞的 forms of life
Sedimentary rocks 沉积岩
Diversification of animals动物的多样化(进化)
Fossil of fish 鱼化石
Soft-bodied fossil 软体动物化石
Soft-bodied fossil 软体动物化石
Cambrian Explosion 寒武纪大爆发
寒武纪三叶虫 trilobite
Detritus 碎屑 of algae 海藻
Detritus 碎屑 of algae 海藻
Detritus 碎屑 of algae 海藻
Diversification of animals
Cambrian Explosion物种多样化的迅猛进化
Cambrian Explosion物种多样化的迅猛进化
Cambrian Explosion物种多样性的迅速进化
Anomalocaris 奇虾
Anomalocaris 奇虾
Predator Anomalocaris
Predator Anomalocaris
Predator Anomalocaris
Predator Anomalocaris
Predator Anomalocaris掠食者 奇虾
Wiwaxia 威瓦虾虫
Wiwaxia 威瓦虾虫
Wiwaxia fossil 威瓦虾虫化石
落基山寒武纪生物化石群
落基山寒武纪生物化石群
Cambrian Explosion 寒武纪大爆发
Ediacara fossil formation 埃迪卡拉化石群
Ediacara fossil formation 埃迪卡拉化石群
Ediacara fossil formation 埃迪卡拉化石群
Fossil of fish 鱼化石
Origin of Eden
庖丁解牛
庖丁解牛 游刃有余
庖丁解牛 游刃有余
庖丁解牛 游刃有余
Not only we see the ox
But its skeleton
Ediacara’s weren’t
modern animal ancestors
Cambrian explosion: rapid origin and diversification
of animals
Evolution isn’t always slow due to
certainenvironment.
Soft-bodied animals
were fossilized
Questions & search for answers
Burgess Shale
has modern animals, some
are extinct
Tommotian
leaves no modern animals
descendants
Burgess Shale has modern
animals, someare extinct
Tommotian leaves no
modern animals
descendants
Ediacara’s weren’t
modern animal ancestors
Cambrian explosion:
rapid origin and diversification
of animals
Questions & search for
answers
Evolution isn’t always slow due to environment
Softbodied animals
were fossilized