Advanced Distribution Management System (ADMS)

Schneider Electric DMS NS

Advanced Distribution Management

System (ADMS)

Smart Grid Solution for Electricity Distribution

Networks

Short Overview

ADMS Smart Grid Solution for Electricity Distribution Networks

I Technical Specification

Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 1

2. ADMS ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW ........................................................................ 6

2.1. Global System Structure .................................................................................. 6

2.2. ADMS Services ................................................................................................. 7

2.3. Graphical Clients .............................................................................................. 7

2.4. Web Server ........................................................................................................ 8

2.5. Historical Service and Central Model Repository .......................................... 8

2.6. System Deployment ......................................................................................... 8

3. DISTRIBUTION NETWORK BUILDER ...................................................................... 9

4. DYNAMIC MIMIC DIAGRAM ................................................................................... 11

5. ADMS ANALYTICAL APPLICATIONS SYSTEM .................................................... 13

5.1. Network Operation Control Applications ..................................................... 14

5.2. Network Operation Planning and Optimization ........................................... 18

5.3. Network Operation Analysis .......................................................................... 20

5.4. Network Development Planning .................................................................... 22

5.5. Training ........................................................................................................... 23

5.6. Closed loop optimization ............................................................................... 23

6. SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC DMS COMPANY AND REFERENCES ........................... 26


1 Technical Specification

1. INTRODUCTION

Schneider Electric Advanced Distribution Management System (ADMS) solution is

unique product on ADMS market which uses the single model for all 5 basic fundamental

parts: SCADA/DMS/OMS/DSM/EMS. Such unique solution provides numerous

advantages:

• Single version of truth for all five basic parts as well as for all models that are

used inside ADMS for operation, operation planning, development planning, simulation

and analysis; in other words it means complete synchronization among used models.

• Single (unique) high security system based on Idaho National Laboratory

standards, reliable and scalable system.

• Unique symbols, UI, single line/geographical displays accompanied with street

map and extremely rich and efficient HMI; network display on tablets.

• Completed suite regarding ADMS, backup/reserving, history, GIS import,

integration with business and other IT systems, AMI via Enterprise Service Bus.

• Using CIM data model.

• The most comprehensive set of power applications.

• Closed loop (full automatic 24/7 operation) regarding Volt/Var and Demand

Management (Peak shaving), closed loop for Fault Location, Isolation and Supply

restoration, Distributed generators and storage treatment.

• Very advanced solution regarding Adaptive relay protection, Under frequency

Shedding, High quality Check before operate validation and significantly improved

security during switching command issuing, Safety Procedure Guarantee (SPG) is

special security procedure that provide double locking of safe tags and field crew is

completely protected from unauthorized switchings.

• Integration with weather systems, weather sensitive load profile, display of storm

area.

ADMS is used for operation, operation and development planning, simulation and

analysis. System is reliable, scalable and highly secure. This modern ADMS solution

provides:



• Real-time network monitor and control,

• Mathematical network model and power applications,

• Efficient management of faults and voltage improvement,

• Network analysis (short-circuits, relay protection, losses, reliability,

performances...),

• Optimization and reduction of investments in building power facilities,

automation...,

• Reduction of network peak load and power losses,

• Increase of an Utility's profit and revenue,

• Improvement of power quality and customer services.

ADMS provides tools for dynamic visualization, monitoring and control of electricity

distribution network, together with wide set of power applications for operation analysis,

planning and optimization. System is built on open standard solutions and powerful

technical database. Some characteristics of the ADMS Software are:

• Efficient and user-friendly User-interface for managing the power network.

• The extremely fast, robust and efficient power applications providing all technical

data and solutions for management of power networks.

• Set of power applications for distribution.

• Master data integration platform and highest data utilization for the Utility.

• Fundament for the “Smart Grid Solution” and total management of distribution

networks connecting to remote metering, geographical systems and real-time systems.



Figure 1.1 – DMS Software User Interface

ADMS is built on Smart Grid Solution concept. It integrates energy efficiency, demand

response and distributed resources technologies to enable grid operators to make

intelligent decisions that help them run the grid more efficiently, reliably and at a lower

cost. ADMS provides many of the contemporary customer requirements such as:

demand management, accommodating distributed generation, real time network

monitoring and control, automated restoration for self-healing networks, reducing

average duration of interruptions, validating network topology, predictive reliability,

reduction of losses and operation costs with open flexible database access.

Global ADMS architecture is presented on the Figure 1.2. On one side, ADMS is

interfaced to real-time systems processing high speed operation data (SSA,

Transmission SCADA, RTUs) and on other side to off-line systems processing low speed

(equipment or accounting) data (GIS, CIS, ERP, AMI, different Market applications, ...).

ADMS is like suit where all data are processed, analyzed and new functionality and add

value produced.



Figure 1.2 – ADMS Global architecture

ADMS architecture follows service oriented approach, applied in the most industry

automation real-time IT systems, as well as in business corporate IT solutions. It is

designed to support several systems running in parallel, where each system consists of a

set of services needed to successfully run distinguishable roles like Production System,

Test System, Data Entry System, Training System, and Emergency Backup System.

Therefore, hardware consists of several computer groups and networking equipment:

data acquisition servers, application servers, engineering data servers, UI clients,

redundant LAN, time system (GPS), printers, network devices, etc. Scalability is an

important architectural aspect and the system supports various deployments, from large

farm of redundant servers to a single computer hosting everything. Also, such computer

groups can be placed in different security zones and sites (for disaster recovery or other)

where methods for sending data across different security zones are important in order to

comply with customer’s strict security rules.

With appropriate adapters over ESB, services can be exposed to external enterprise

applications.



The main advantages of ADMS:

• Unique symbols, UI, single line/geographical displays accompanied with street

map and extremely rich and efficient HMI.

• Completed suite regarding ADMS, backup/reserving, history, GIS import,

integration with business and other IT systems, AMI via Enterprise Service Bus.

• Using CIM data model.

• The most comprehensive set of power applications.

• Closed loop (full automatic 24/7 operation) regarding Volt/Var and Demand

Management (Peak shaving), closed loop for Fault Location, Isolation and Supply

restoration, Distributed generators and storage treatment.

• Very advanced solution regarding Adaptive relay protection, Under frequency

Shedding, High quality Check before operate validation and significantly improved

security during switching command issuing and Safety Procedure which is special

security procedure that provide double locking of safe tags and field crew is completely

protected from unauthorized switchings.

• Integration with weather systems (actual weather measurements comes from

weather probe using SCADA while weather forecast is received via web and ESB),

weather sensitive load profile, display of storm area

• OMS runs on actual network state fully aligned with all network events.

• OMS uses full power of Fault Location, Isolation and Supply Restoration (FLISR)

application inside DMS engine.

• Position and activities of field crew can be displayed on network views (single

line and geographical). All real time ADMS users are aware of OMS activities.

ADMS solution has been deployed in 116 Control Centers in 42 Utilities worldwide,

supplying 66 million customers in North America (USA, Canada), Europe (Italy, Hungary,

Spain, Slovenia, Russia, Serbia, Romania, Macedonia), Asia (China, India, Indonesia),

Latin/Central America, Africa (Tunisia) and Australia.

Gartner report 2012 recommended ADMS solution as the best technology worldwide.



2. ADMS ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW

ADMS Software architecture follows service oriented approach, applied in the most

industry automation real-time IT systems, as well as in business corporate IT solutions. It

is designed to support several systems running in parallel, where each system consists

of a set of services needed to successfully run distinguishable roles of the control center

like Production System, Test System, Data Entry System, Training System, and

Emergency Backup System. Therefore, control center hardware consists of several

computer groups and networking equipment: data acquisition servers, application

servers, engineering data servers, UI clients, redundant LAN, time system (GPS),

printers, network devices (routers). Scalability is an important architectural aspect and

the system supports various deployments - from many pairs of redundant servers to a

single computer hosting everything. Also, such computer groups can be placed in

different security zones and sites (for disaster recovery or other) where methods for

sending data across different security zones are important in order to comply with

customer’s strict security rules.

2.1. Global System Structure

At a high level, the system consists of following functional blocks:

• Graphical clients – both Windows based thin clients and Web clients,

• Services – ADMS calculation engine together with network and graphical data

models and data management, and

• Historian and Network Model Repository.

Using appropriate adapters, services can be exposed to other enterprise applications

through ESB.



Oracle or

MS SQL Server

DB Server and

Central Model Repository

Model

storage

Calculation

Services

Model

Services

DMS Server(s)

GUI Client - DMD

Network

view

Network

view

DMS Web Client

Network

view

Web Server(s)

Web

Server

Internet

Central

storage

Historical

Service

Real-time

storage

Figure 2.1 – Global ADMS system structure

2.2. ADMS Services

At the very heart of the system lies the ADMS calculation engine providing service to the

rest of the system as well as to the other systems in the enterprise. The engine is the

main part of the ADMS system which manages lifetime and operation of various DMS

applications. DMS Applications receive relevant portion of the network model as input

and provide results as output. Services with DMS applications are deployed on a cluster

of server machines running Windows 2003 or 2008 Server operating system which

makes ADMS system fully scalable.

2.3. Graphical Clients

ADMS client applications provide a graphic view of the distribution network. The client

shows a great deal of information collected from the server. To optimize the usage of

available resources (network bandwidth, server and client processing power and

available RAM), various techniques were applied in the client design:

• Layers,

• Spatial grouping of elements and

• Symbol engine.



Graphical client is implemented using .NET Framework managed environment. The

client is deployed on workstations running Windows XP/Windows 7 operating systems.

2.4. Web Server

Web Server enables web access to ADMS services and their data. It renders data

received from Calculation and Model Services to graphical screens inside web browser.

2.5. Historical Service and Central Model Repository

Historical Service is used to store and retrieve historian data. It is comprised of an MS

SQL historian and an OSIsoft PI historian (optional).

Data that describes power network (network model) and its graphical views is denoted as

“static data” because changes of this data type are very rare compared to changes of the

“dynamic data” which includes switchgear statuses, measurement values, tap changer

positions and similar.

2.6. System Deployment

In order to improve security of the system a typical DMS system is deployed into three

zones:

• Real-time zone (also called Secure zone).

• Demilitarized (DMZ, also called Decision Support) zone.

• Data entry, Test and Staging zone.



3. DISTRIBUTION NETWORK BUILDER

Data entry client is a set of graphical user interface applications, which are used for

creation and management of an electrical network model.

Network Builder is an application used for creating, editing and deleting of values of

network elements attributes (graphical and electrical item properties), their connectivity,

and finally, their graphic representation in form of a network diagram. Network model

created with the Network Builder is used by Dynamic Mimic Diagram (DMD).

The Data entry client (Network Builder) consists of the following client side applications:

• Network View Editor is a graphical tool used for creation of network diagram that

is later used in the DMD. Different types of views are supported like composite,

geographic and substation view. With Network View Editor, the user imports, creates,

draws and arranges elements. More precisely, the Network View Editor assigns the

graphical data (coordinates) to the internal model which contains all data about network

topology, switchgears statuses and network elements. The resulting network is identical

to the one displayed in the DMD.

Edit Toolbox is a part of the Network Builder providing the following:

§ Edit electrical (electrical importing of an element implies that its graphical

representative will be generated at the same time).

§ Edit graphical (graphical drawing of an element means that it already has a

representative in the electrical model).

• Catalog Editor is a tool which provides creation, cloning, deleting and editing of

catalogs. Catalogs are used for entering data (attributes) related to power equipment,

which were obtained from the client. In the catalogs, common attributes of the power

equipment can be grouped into entities. Data range checking and validations are

performed automatically. Also, in the Catalog Editor it is possible to set Basic Data like

Base Voltage.

• Symbol Editor is an application that is used for creating of symbols of elements in

a distribution network (DN). This application enables the user to create and modify (full

customization) shapes of distribution network elements.



In order to configure various parts of the ADMS, the application Options is used. The

Options allow setting of parameters of the ADMS applications. It also provides full

customization of views (de-cluttering, display of symbols, text, etc.), including user

defined settings of visibility and appearance of custom attributes.

Each of previously mentioned applications accesses the ADMS Services to manage a

certain group of data in the database.



4. DYNAMIC MIMIC DIAGRAM

Dynamic Mimic Diagram (DMD) is multiple-view user interface applied for visualization of

supply and distribution substations and MV and LV network, as well as for efficient

managing and monitoring of the distribution network state. ADMD provides both views of

the distribution network: schematic (single line) and geographic diagrams. The system

has a rich support for navigation, search and selection of network parts of interest.

Practically, with just two mouse clicks, the user can reach, for example, data about the

transformer short-circuit impedance from geographic map of the city. ADMD is provided

with a powerful “Report (summary) generator”, which produces rich and customizable

reports about all relevant technical data from the network.

ADMD is used in Real-time mode (dispatcher clients operating distribution network in

real-time) and Simulation mode (operation analysis and planning engineers,

maintenance engineers, network planning engineers and dispatcher training simulator).

Thus, DMD is highly specialized tool for monitoring, control and analysis of the

distribution network, as well as for interactive running of DMS Analytical Applications

System.

Basic functionalities of graphical user interface (GUI) of DMD are:

• Graphical network presentation (schematic, geographical and SCADA view).

• Panning, zooming, scrolling and pilot window control network navigation.

• De-cluttering levels – a mechanism by which the visibility of graphical elements

(size and detail level) depends on zoom level.

• Easy and quick network search by element name, ID, corporate-wide ID and

type. Highlighting the searched element and presenting it at the center of the screen.

• Network tree view display and browsing.

• Window management: multiple windows can be used on the same monitor and

screen displays are configurable.

• Saving / restoring windows layout.

• Ability to visually distinguish substation area or a group of feeders of interest

(feeder selection mode).



• Distinctive network area coloring according to various criteria.

• Detailed view of all network elements: basic, dynamic, catalog data and graphics

view for compound elements in a separate window.

• Printing diagrams and reports.

• Export diagrams into metafile format.

• Customization of the interface.

Dynamic Data management provides:

• Connection with common on-line Data Access server and frequent notification

about updated statuses of remotely monitored/controlled switches and values of

telemetered measurements using SCADA sub-system. Displaying refreshed DMS

analytical application results each time the network state has been modified.

• Issuing equipment manipulation commands using SCADA integrated windows.

• Overview of SCADA-related information.

• Dynamic data manipulation: switching, manual entries, operator flags, etc.

• “Save case” management – loading and saving specific set of dynamic data

values in simulation mode.

• Action log



5. ADMS ANALYTICAL APPLICATIONS SYSTEM

DMS Analytical Applications System is the "intelligence" of ADMS Software. This system

is a fully comprehensive set of sophisticated software and algorithms that enable the

most efficient design, optimal operation and decision making referring to the whole

equipment installed in the distribution network. DMS Analytical Applications System

enables performing practically all technical tasks in Distribution Utilities in the following

modes of application:

1. Network Operation Control Applications,

2. Network Operation Planning and Optimization

3. Network Operation Analysis,

4. Network Development Planning,

5. Training.

All analytical applications are developed on the basis of algorithms specially aimed for

distribution networks, which enable performing both analysis and optimization of

operation and development of very large radial and weakly meshed distribution networks.

The system is based on the Network Model and consists of number mutually compatible

applications, organized as modular libraries. Such organization provides very simple

individual upgrading, extension with new applications and adjustment to any new

customer requirement.



Figure 5.1 – DMS Analytical applications

5.1. Network Operation Control Applications

Network Model (NM) is in the background of DMS applications, providing electrical

definitions of all network elements, connectivity and models for calculation (balanced or

unbalanced networks).

Topology Analyzer (TA) provides an accurate insight into the actual topology of the

distribution network (normal or disturbed). Topology Analyzer analytical application (TA)

is a general tool for various topology analyses of the distribution network represented in

form of graphs. On the basis of network model, connectivity and switchgear statuses, TA

provides the network topology that is necessary for running all other analytical

applications. Main functionalities are finding a certain element of the network,



determining and marking supply paths of network elements, finding neighboring feeders

of a selected feeder, searching for the "local network”, etc.

Load Flow (LF) application is used for the calculation of steady states of radial and

weakly meshed primary MV power grids (networks), as well as state of secondary LV

power grids. The network state consists of: complex voltages, currents, flows of real and

reactive power, voltage drops, losses, etc. Usually, among all state variables, the state

vector is defined as a set of all network nodes’ complex voltages. The state vector is

sufficient for calculation of any other network state variable.

State Estimation (SE) provides an assessment of loads of all network nodes, and all

other state variables (current phasors of all sections and transformers, active and

reactive power losses in all sections and transformers, etc.). The load profiles are

derived on the basis of historical data, where historical data consist of two groups: 1)

Dimensionless daily load profiles for real and reactive power (P-Q) which are weather

dependable, and 2) Load weights – peak values (kW, kVAr), supplied energies (kWh,

kVArh) or rated powers of the equipment (kVA).

Performance Indices (PI) is used for detection of violations, alarm states, reports of the

overall performances of the network state (power injection, losses, consumption, voltage

situation and deviations, overloads, etc.). The PI application is used to provide insight

into network state and to offer objective assessment whether some changes that improve

network operation or not are needed.

FLISR (Fault Location, Isolation and Supply Restoration) presents collection of tools

used for detection, location, isolation of faults and restoration of supply for all de-

energized customers. FLISR can be used in manual semi-automatic and automatic

mode. Each of applications which can be used as part of FLISR is also available as a

separate application.

Fault Location (FL) application supports detecting location of the fault. It calculates

locations where faults could have occurred by analyzing the fault pattern, available real-

time information acquired from field devices, including, fault indicator outputs, fault

magnitude at various locations on the feeder, and protective relay trippings.

Element Isolation (EI) determines which switching manipulations are needed for isolating

selected element. EI has a possibility to define type of equipment used for isolation.



Figure 5.1.1 – Element Isolation - Recommendation for switching

Supply Restoration (SR) used for determining an optimal plan of switching actions for

restoring supply on the de-energized part of distribution network.

Large Area Restoration (LAR) determines the plan for restoration of the supply of large

parts of the distribution network, which remained de-energized after a fault occurrence

on a supply transformer (HV/MV transformer) or MV busbar in supply station (HV/MV

station) or after isolation of an element for the maintenance purpose in supply station.

Work Order Management (WOM) is analytical function intended for managing switching

procedures and all activities related to planned maintenance works, relevant work/safety

documents, data storage and requested reports and displays.

Outage Management System (OMS) is one of fundamental parts within ADMS and that

represents significant improvement and competitive advantage compared to traditional

GIS-driven OMS system. OMS runs on actual network state fully aligned with all network

events OMS uses full power of Fault Location, Isolation and Supply Restoration (FLISR)

application inside ADMS engine. Position and activities of field crew can be displayed on

network view so all real time ADMS users can be aware of OMS activities.

Switching Order Management (SOM) provides a software suit for managing

manipulations with various elements of a power system. This framework consists of wide

set of tools used for creation, display, modification, maintenance, validation, execution



and printing list of switching actions and Switching Orders (SO). A Switching Order

encompasses a set of appropriate attributes and a list of switching actions prepared for

execution in real-time or simulation in preferred coordinated manner. It predefines a

procedure for issuing command operations to elements in a network, such as

opening/closing various types of switches, placing/removing tags, changing set-point

values of local automation, implementing cuts and jumpers, blocking, grounding etc. SO

also gives ability to check influence of all manipulations in switching list on the network

and this is known as switching validation. Switching validations are available through

whole SO lifecycle and it can be started automatically before execution. The Switching

Order also represents an official document, with all necessary information needed for

performing required switching, issued to a responsible person in the field.

Under-Load Switching (ULS) simulates the process of under-load network

reconfiguration load transfer and offers possible solution for this operation. The goal of

reconfiguration is to transfer load of one feeder (or its part) to another one through a

normally open tie switch, without interrupting supply of any consumer on both feeders.

ULS application is used in situations when network configuration is changed but without

interrupting supply of the customers.

Load Shedding (LS) application is used for disconnecting network parts (loads) in case of

emergency situations and different types of disturbances which can occur due to lack of

generation or due to overloaded network elements. It is a complex application aimed for

shedding of load under emergency conditions, as well as restoring load after the system

conditions are restored. The power value of loads which need to be restored is estimated

according to their pre-estimated values of power. If user indicates that limit of some

monitored values is violated, he/she initiates Load Shedding execution. During Load

Shedding execution, loads can be disconnected in a prioritized order. The loads to be

shed and their priorities can be entered and modified through application’s options.

Temporary elements (TE) are a feature of the DMS system where the user can introduce

a limited set of temporary changes to the electrical model, for the purpose of temporarily

altering its connectivity. The examples are Cuts, which cut one or more phases of an

overhead line, and Jumpers, which are short lines which temporarily connect otherwise

disconnected nodes of a feeder. Temporary elements are typically introduced by load

operators which order their placement by a field crew, in order to temporarily isolate a



part of the network being repaired, or temporarily re-energize consumers whose supply

cannot be restored by other means (such as executing a switching procedure).

Dynamic Equipment Rating (DER) is used for monitoring and prediction of thermal state

of network elements. It is applied for calculation of thermal ratings of substation

transformers, overhead lines and underground cables, based on actual or forecasted

loading and ambient temperature. This application provides simple monitoring of

elements in distribution network with the following advantages: having insight into actual

thermal state of network elements and providing potential overloading capabilities based

on the thermal monitoring.

5.2. Network Operation Planning and Optimization

Voltage optimization (VO) application provides control of voltage profile or keeping of

voltage on all nodes of the network inside specified (lower and upper) limits, as well as

satisfying optimization criteria (minimization of the damage that consumers suffer due to

the supply of power with voltages that deviate from nominal values). Resources used for

voltage control are “under-load” tap changing transformers and voltage regulators and

“off-voltage” tap changing transformers and buck/boost transformers. Voltage regulation

(control) provides: calculation of optimal voltages of supply busbars and tap positions of

supply transformers in the current states, coordination of the position of transformer tap

changer on the different locations, in actual moment and for the desired future time

period or minimum voltage deviation that consumers suffer due to the deviations of their

voltages from nominal values.

VAR optimization (VARO) reduces losses, reactive power flows and reactive power

demands from the transmission network. Capacitor banks and reactors, static and

synchronous generators and compensator are considered.

Volt/VAR Optimization is one of the basic applications used for control in distribution

network operation. As such, it allows management of voltages and reactive power flows

in distribution network. VVO, as a part of DMS, operates in centralized way on the whole

considered sub-network (HV substation or network supplied from a HV/MV transformer),

rather than on the local level as it is possible with local controllers.

Voltage Reduction (VR) analytical application can be used for reduction of the network

voltage (power) below the selected supplied transformer or for whole distribution



network. Reduction is put into effect only by supplied under-load tap changing

transformers covered by SCADA. In keeping with this results of the application are the

optimal manipulations of the tape changers of these transformers.

Network Reconfiguration (NR) determines the optimal radial distribution network

configuration (locations of normally open tie switches) regarding to optimization objective

(minimal active power and energy losses; maximal reliability; best load balance or best

voltages profiles). Reports about improvement of operation performances and reduction

of losses are provided, as well as switching sequence for transfer from existing to optimal

state (graphical and listing). Analysis of influence of every switching action on

improvement of network performance is possible, enabling selection of only limited

number of switching actions that give highest improvement.

Near Term Forecasting (NTF) analytical application is used for forecasting of load

diagrams for the next 15 minutes up to 24 hours. Forecasted load curves of the entire

network (overall Load Forecasting) are provided, or forecast only for the selected areas,

down to feeder measurements.

Short Term Forecasting (STF) analytical application is used for forecasting of load

diagrams for the next 1 – 7 days. Forecasted daily load curves of the entire network

(overall Load Forecasting) are provided, or forecast only for the selected areas, down to

feeder measurements.

Load Management (LM) application provides load control strategy for reduction of

distribution (utility) network peak load, by application of various load control techniques

on consumer loads (households, commercial sector and industry). This application

ensures maximal utilization of available controllable resources (water heaters, air

conditioners, electric space heaters, storage heaters etc.), taking into account

constraints/demands regarding customer's comfort, technology and economy, as well as

shifting of the peak load to valley portions of the daily load curve.

Operation Improvement (OI) analytical application executes in a real-time network

operation, for the periodic and systematic checking of improvement possibilities of the

network operation performances (economy, security, quality and reliability). Improvement

of current network state could be achieved by certain control actions, suggested as

application output.



5.3. Network Operation Analysis

Energy Losses (EL) provides calculation of energy losses in the distribution network

(active and reactive losses in all sections and transformers) up to LV busbars, for

specified network configuration in specified time period, for a part or a whole network.

Energy Losses includes daily load curves for all types of loads and measurements for

each characteristic day in selected period.

Figure 5.3.1 – Energy Losses – graphical display of results in report for selected part of

network

Operational Losses (OL) analytical application provides the real operational

power/energy losses in the entire distribution radial or weakly meshed, balanced or

unbalanced network, or its parts, for real network state and configuration, for the

specified time period. OL application provides data about total active/reactive energy

injection, active/reactive energy losses, active/reactive energy generation and

active/reactive energy consumption in specified period of time. In general, energy losses

can be divided into technical (copper and iron) and non-technical (commercial sources).

OL calculates technical losses, only.

Reliability Analysis (RA) is used for calculation of the reliability indices in distribution

network. It deals with planned and unplanned outages. Distribution network reliability is



based on three fundamental factors: failure/fault rate of element, power interruption

duration and availability of electrical energy. In addition, distribution network reliability

indices depend on: fault frequency (number of faults during considered period), fault

clearance time (outage time of consumers while faulted element has been repaired) and

time to restore power supply.

Fault Calculation (FC) application, for chosen type of fault, provides detailed calculation

of all fault parameters (voltages, fault currents), as well as different network analysis in

fault state (simulation of chosen type of fault in all networks nodes, simultaneous faults,

etc.).

Relay Protection (RP) application is used for analysis of operation and sensitivity,

setting/coordination of protection relays, getting insight into placement of protections,

efficient overview of all protection features etc. All analyses are performed for specified

network state, topology and selected location and type of the fault. The application deals

with over-current, over-voltage, under-voltage and bimetal relays, fuses and reclosers in

distribution networks. Special mod is Adaptive Relaying which provides changing of

active setting group on remotely controlled microprocessor relays regarding network

topology and conditions. Adaptive relaying also provides sending necessary control

signals after network topology changes to relay controllers in supply stations.

Breaker/Fuse Capacity (BFC) is used for checking capacity of circuit breakers and fuses

in distribution networks. The main goal of this application is to provide simple and user-

friendly checking of the switching device (circuit breakers/reclosers and fuses) capacities

for the given network topology and considered pre-fault state. Checking can be

performed for an arbitrary selected switching device (circuit breaker, recloser, or fuse) or

for all switching devices in network.

Security Assessment (SA) analysis is applied for analysis of faults in specified parts of

the network and testing of possibilities to provide supply restoration. Result is the list of

critical outages if supply cannot be restored to all consumers, as well as the list of

necessary network reinforcements to overcome these problems. Application combines

other DMS applications as modules (Fault Management, Large Area Restoration, Relay

protection, Load Flow).

Motor Start (MS) analytical application is used for calculation of the network state during

asynchronous (induction) motor start. This application provides insight into the dynamic



states of distribution network caused by motor starts – voltages, currents, thermal stress

and motor speed.

Harmonic Analysis (HA) application is used for analysis of harmonics influence in MV

and LV networks. Power quality of energy in LV networks can be severely affected

because presence of electronic devices and various commutations are very intensive

sources of harmonics in the LV network, also the intensity of harmonics is not damped by

means of transformation or isolated transformer neutrals,.

Historical application (Historical server and the corresponding Historical database)

provides the insight in the activities and events of the electrical network in the past. The

time stamp and the user are recorded for every activity or event in the DMS system.

Historical database is populated with data from the DMS database associated with the

time stamp and user data. The purpose of the DMS historical system is the creation of a

historical delta. Historical delta is a set of actions that need to be applied to the network

in order to change the network state from the starting point in time to the ending point in

time. Therefore, the DMS historical system provides timeline of data changes in the DMS

system.

5.4. Network Development Planning

Long-Term Forecasting (LTF) analytical application provides load (energy) forecast for

the future period of several years, based on sequence of annual data (peak loads,

energy) of entire network. The results of this application are used for long-term planning

of the network development.

Medium-Term Forecasting (MTF) analytical application is used for assessment of the

sequence of annual peak loads of large areas or entire network, for a future period

lasting few months or years. The results of this application are used for medium-term

planning of the network development and assessment of required investment in the

future in order to achieve sufficient energy quality.

Network Development Planning (NDP) analytical application is being used for

determining an optimal plan of network development for the coming medium and long-

term period on the basis of multiple scenarios and possibility of their comparison. The

application provides the building of new distribution networks and planning of



development for existing networks, on any saved case from the past on top of real-time

data of the network, taking into account the optimal dynamics of installing new elements.

Network Automation (NA) analytical application is used for planning of automation of MV

distribution networks (remote and local automation equipment in MV network), necessary

for improvement of the service reliability. Task is to find the optimal solution for selected

equipment, how many equipment and on which location to apply, to achieve selected

target (e.g. reduction of SAIDI under specified limit), respecting cost/benefit analysis,

available investment budget, selected time period, etc. The main objective of this

application is the reduction of outage time and non-delivered energy.

Capacitor Placement (CP) application is used for determination of optimal locations,

types, sizes and switching status of capacitor banks, which have to be installed in the

distribution system for the purpose of reactive power compensation, real power (energy)

losses minimization, reduction of the reactive power supplied from transmission network,

power factor correction and voltage profile improvement.

Network Reinforcement (NR) is used for the planning of existing distribution network

reinforcement. This application encompasses issues as planning of supply substations,

planning of medium voltage network (feeders), planning of the secondary substations

and checking of the technical and security criteria.

5.5. Training

Dispatcher Training Simulator (DTS) provides a training capability that realistically

models the distribution network and interacts with the trainee, as in dispatcher center.

Simulator prepares data and simulates events during the training. Trainees’ responds to

simulated events (generated automatically by the simulator) and his actions are tested,

evaluated and possibly improved.

5.6. Closed loop optimization

Control and optimization of distribution network involves moving distribution network from

one stable steady-state condition to the new one, all in controllable, efficient and secure

manner. ADMS accomplishes this functionality by sending sequences of switching

commands to the field devices in distribution network.



Continuous automatic switching sequence generation and execution by the system itself

(without human intervention) represents closed loop (CL) procedure. With the combined

capability to automatically generate and then execute a switching sequence, ADMS will

be placed into a mode where it will continuously perform these combined activities. That

is, monitor the distribution system, determine the switching sequences that will optimize

the network state or handle an outage in the network, and then execute those switching

sequences against the field devices. This mechanism will continuously control and tune

the electrical distribution system based on current and on-going network conditions.

There are 2 CLs:

• VVO (Demand side management) CL that provides automatic continual (24/7)

optimization of selected parts of network regarding different optimization criteria (e.g.

demand reduction, power losses reduction, etc) defined through setting profiles.

• FLISR automatic execution which provides self-healing of networks and

automatic location, isolation and supplying healthy feeder part. Normally, it is assumed

that remote controlled switchgear is used for this purpose.

When executing switching commands, DMS will communicate with the DSCADA system,

which in turn communicates with the field devices. DMS system will issue commands for

both substation and field devices, and when substation and field devices change state

and react to the commands, SCADA system will retrieve these updated values and send

them to the DMS. DMS will use these values to determine whether the current switching

command has succeeded, failed or is still in progress.

Two unrelated closed loop (CL) processes, VVO CL and FLISR CL are synchronized

during real-time operations, and also the execution of resident DMS applications (LF,

SE) is coordinated with closed loop processes.

It is possible that both VVO and FLISR closed loop control are active at the same time on

the same feeder. In this situation, there is a need for coordination between closed loop

operations. Since FLISR takes precedence over VVO, if a new trigger for FLISR occurs

while VVO calculation is in progress, the current VVO calculation and SS execution shall

be cancelled and FLISR shall be triggered. Therefore, during FLISR execution, VVO

calculation will be automatically suspended (i.e. VVO CL will be temporarily disabled) on

the part of the network (substation area) where the FLISR is running).



After the FLISR cycle is completed, VVO CL can be re-enabled on the affected

substation area manually, by Operator, or automatically, by the DMS system. This

functionality will be configurable, but it shall be noted here that the DMS will not make a

difference between successfully and unsuccessfully completed FLISR cycles.



6. SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC DMS COMPANY AND REFERENCES

Schneider Electric DMS NS is the unit inside Schneider Electric covering research,

development and software engineering in electrical power systems, especially devoted to

ADMS. Company gathers over 1000 experts in power and computer engineering from

Novi Sad (capitol of Vojvodina region, north of Serbia), with strong relations with

University and Power Utilities of Vojvodina.

Figure 6.1 – Schneider Electric DMS Business building

ADMS Software installations are in operation in 122 Distribution Control Centers

worldwide, in 50 companies, supplying 70 million electrical customers (meters):

• ED "Elektrosrbija", ED "Jugoistok", ED "Centar", ED " Leskovac", ED "Belgrade",

"Elektrovojvodina" Serbia

• “Elektrobijeljina”, Bosnia and Herzegovina

• “Elektrokrajina”, Bosnia and Herzegovina

• “Elektrostopanstvo” Macedonia

• ENEL, Lombardia project, Italy

• ENEL, 29 Control Centres, Italy



• ELSAG, Pilot project, Italy

• STEG, Tunisia

• CFE, Zona Puebla City, Mexico

• PT.PLN Bisnis Distribusi Jawa Barat&Banten, Bandung, Indonesia

• Light Services de Electricitade SA, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

• ANDE, Asuncion, Paraguay

• EDENOR, Buenos Aires, Argentina

• EMCALI, Colombia

• EDELNOR, Lima, Peru

• CNFL, San Jose, Costa Rica

• ELECTRA, Panama city, Panama

• NIH, Washington DC, USA

• Railway project, Spain

• Energoprom, Russia

• PT-PLN, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

• Progress Energy Carolina, USA

• EMASZ and ELMU, Hungary

• University of Michigan, USA

• IDGC Center, Russia

• BC Hydro, Vancouver, Canada

• Guizhou Power Electric Corporation, China

• Maharashtra, India

• Hydro One, Toronto, Canada

• PECO, Philadelphia, USA

• Electrica, Transilvania Nord, Cluj, Romania

• Elektro Celje, Slovenia



• ActewAGL, Canberra, Australia

• EDEN, Argentina

• EVN Bulgaria

• Makkah, SEC, Saudi Electricity Company, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

• BWP, Burbank Water and Power Corporation, California, USA

• DONG Energy, Denmark

• ETSA Utilities, Adelaide, Australia

• Unison, New Zealand

• Electricity Distribution Brcko, Bosnia & Herzegovina

• Guizhou Power Corporation, Zunyi Power Branch

• Guizhou Power Corporation, Guiyang Power Branch

• Austin Energy, TX, USA

• Guangxi Power, Qinzhou Power Branch, China

• Meer, Ecuador

• Bihar, India



Figure 6.2 - DMS references worldwide

Schneider Electric DMS NS LLC

Novi Sad

Narodnog fronta 25 A,B,C,D

21000 Novi Sad

Serbia

Phone: +381-21-488-3600

Fax: +381-21-488-3789

e-mail: [email protected]

www.schneider-electric-dms.com

www.telventdms.com

Advanced Distribution Management System (ADMS)

Documents

Transcript of Advanced Distribution Management System (ADMS)