Advanced Aquaculture of Carps and Tilapia – Ponds and Cages
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Advanced Aquaculture of Carps and Tilapia – Ponds and Cages
Kevin Fitzsimmons, John Woiwode, R.S.N. Janjua ASA SoyPak
Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan19 March 2012
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Carp and Tilapia• Carps are most important farmed food fish and
tilapia are second.• Global demand, variety of production systems and
geographic regions, some vertically integrated• Environmentally sustainable – “Green Aquaculture”
(no fish meal required in the diet, no antibiotics, many farms use effluents for crops)
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Subsistence and Export Commodity• Tilapia is unique in its role as a small livestock
animal grown by subsistence farmers in developing countries around the world…..
• And• It is widely grown and exported to high value
markets to be served in expensive restaurants and grocery stores
• Commodity or specialty crop - BOTH, like chicken
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World Tilapia Production of 3,300,000 mt in 2011
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US Tilapia consumption (imports and domestic)368,295 mt of live weight (equivalent) – 2006
437,000 mt of live weight (equivalent) - 2007453,264 mt of live weight (equivalent) – 2008
465,953 mt of live weight (equivalent – 2009)579,443 mt of live weight (equivalent – 2010)
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Carp and tilapia in ponds
Extensive ponds
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Semi-intensive ponds
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Multiple small cages
Taal Lake, Philippines
Irrigation Reservoir, Arizona
Paulo Afonso Reservoir, Brasil
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Other small cages
Nile Delta, Egypt
All tilapia farms have dogs, even cage farms
Shrimp Pond, Philippines
Shrimp Pond, Thailand
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Large cage farms
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Pond culture to crop irrigation
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Fish and citrus in Hainan, China
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Integration of aquaculture and agricultureWater pH reduced from 8.3 to 8.0Added 19.7 kg/ha N to 45 kg/ha used in
standard fertilization schedule of cotton.
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Results - Integration of aquaculture and agriculture
Contributed 2.6 kg/ha P to cotton crop.
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Cotton Height 2002
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FE FE+SF
Plant height with Fish Effluent, Standard Fertilizer and Well Water
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Extruders
Floating feeds Feed mixes with steam in barrel of extruder Cooks ingredients, improves palatability Gelatinizes starches Steam expansion and auger forces feed out
of barrel with rapid expansion. Traps air in pellet, allows to float
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Bangladesh tilapia aquaculture
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Future global tilapia aquaculture
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Conclusions Tilapia are omnivores But eating anything will not make you grow
fast and strong Tilapia need balanced nutrition for rapid
growth just like human children
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Buy TILAPIA
Thank you!
Questions and discussion?