Advance Module (2)
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Information Literacy Skills:Information Literacy Skills:Research SkillsResearch Skills
http://library.unikl.edu.my
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Example:
Break down the topic into its main concepts.
List synonyms, broader terms, narrower terms.
Is global warming leading tomore extreme weather?
Chapter 1 5 steps research skills Define your topic (1)
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IsIs global warmingglobal warming leading to moreleading to moreextreme weatherextreme weather??
Concepts Synonyms Broader terms Narrower
terms
global
warming
-greenhouse
effect
-climate change
-globaltemperature
change
extreme
weather
-natural
disaster
-meteorology -flood
-drought-storm
-snow
Chapter 1 5 steps research skills Define your topic (2)
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Printed SourcesP
rinted Sources
y Dictionaryy Encyclopedia
y Textbooky MagazineyJournaly Newspapery Thesesy Conference papery Research paper
Audio-visual
CD-ROM
Online database
Internet /
Websites
Non-printed Sources
Chapter 1 5 steps research skills Select your sources (1)
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VERY SPECIFIC/SPECIALIZED
JOURNAL ARTICLES, THESES, RESEARCH PAPERS
INFOON A CERTAIN TOPIC
MAGAZINE ARTICLES, NEWSPAPER ARTICLES,
BOOKS ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
GENERALOVERVIEW
TEXTBOOKS, ENCYCLOPEDIAS
Chapter 1 5 steps research skills Select your sources (2)
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Type of
searches
Keyword
search
Subject
search
Understanding the difference between these will help students do a
better job of searching.
Chapter 1 5 steps research skills Search for information (3)
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Keyword SearchingKeyword Searching
y All databases provide keyword searching.y When we select a keyword search, we are
actually requesting the computer to scan allwords in the database.
For example:
Author:
Abstract:
Title:
J.R.R. Tolkien
The Lord of the Rings
Hobbit/s
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Subject SearchingSubject Searchingy Search using standardized words or phraseschosen by experts in the field.y A subject search reads only the subject field of
a record, so you will get more precise search
results.y Subject searching is a strength oflibrarydatabases that search engines like Google don'thave.
EngineeringIndustrial--
Manufacturing--
System
Industrial Design
Main Subject Main Discipline Sub-Discipline
For example:
Computer Operating System Windows Vista
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Three search techniques
Connecting search terms with Booleanoperators (and, or, not)
Using truncation to increase retrieval
Using wildcards to cope with spelling
variations
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BooleanBoolean ANDAND
For example:
Scotland ANDWales
The database will only retrieve documents in which both terms
are fou
nd.
Linking keywords with AND will find pages which contain all of
the search terms entered.
Scotland Wales
S
&W
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BooleanBoolean OROR
For example:
Scotland OR Wales
The database will produce a list of all documents which contain
either the "Sc
otland" or "Wales" search term.
Using the OR command when searching will retrieve documents
containing any of the search terms entered.
Scotland WalesWales
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BooleanBoolean NOTNOT
For example:
- Scotland NOT Wales
The databases will retrieve all of the documents containing theword Scotland only. It will remove all documents that contain the
word Wales.
NOT is used to exclude a particular term from your results.
WalesScotland
Chapter 1 5 steps research skills Search for information (9)
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Truncation
The truncation symbol is usually anasterisk (*) but may be a questionmark or an exclamation mark
EXAMPLE: Advertis*
retrieves: Advertising
AdvertiseAdvertisement
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Wildcard
Symbol may be a question mark or an asterisk
It varies from database to database
EXAMPLES: Organi?ation
retrieves: Organisation
Organization
Behavio?r
retrieves: Behavior
Behaviour
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(CRAAP acronym used courtesy of Meriam Library, California State University)
urrency
elevance
uthority
ccuracy
urpose
C
R
A
A
P
Chapter 1 5 steps research skills Evaluate retrieved info (1)
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Clue 1: CurrencyClue 1: Currency
y Currency is important because information can quicklybecome obsolete.
y Supporting a topic/thesis statement with facts that havebeen superseded by new research or recent events
weakens its argument.These are the questions to ask yourself to evaluate currency in your
information
When was the information published orlast updated?
Have newer articles been published on your topic? Are links or references to other sources up to date?
Is your topic in an area that changes rapidly, like
technology orpopular culture?
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Clue 2: RelevanceClue 2: Relevance
y Relevance is important because students are expected tosupport their ideas with pertinent information.
How to know if the source is relevant?
y Does the information answer the research question?y Does the information meet the stated requirements of
the assignment?y Is the information too technical or too simplified to use?y Does the source add something new to students
knowledge of the topic?
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Clue 3: AuthorityClue 3: Authority
y What are the author's credentials?y Is the author affiliated with an educational institution
or prominent organization?y Can we find information about the author from
reference books or the Internet?y Do other books or articles cite the author?
Authority is important in judging the credibility of theauthor's assertions. In a trial regarding DNA evidence, a
jury gives far more authority to what a genetics specialisthas to say compared to someone off the street.
These are the questions to ask yourself to evaluate authority in yourinformation
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Clue 4: AccuracyClue 4: Accuracy
y Accuracy is important because errors and untruthsdistort a line of reasoning.
y When students present inaccurate information, theyundermine their own credibility.
Is the information reliable check for grammatical, spelling andtypographical errors?
Is there an editors or someone who verifies the contents?
Are there citations or references listed to check accuracy?
These are the questions to ask yourself to evaluate accuracy in yourinformation
Chapter 1 5 steps research skills Evaluate retrieved info (5)
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Clue 5: PurposeClue 5: Purposey Purpose is important because books, articles, and Web pages exist toeducate, entertain, or sell a product or point of view.y Some sources may be frivolous or commercial in nature, providing
inadequate, false, or biased information.y Varied points of view can be valid, as long as they are based upon
good reasoning and careful use of evidence.
How to determine the purpose ofa source?
y Why did the author or publisher make this information available?y Is there an obvious bias or prejudice?y Are alternative points of view presented?y Does the author omit important facts or data that might disprove a
claim?y Does the author use strong or emotional language?
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Online DatabaseOnline Database
y An electronic database of either full-text documents or citations
and abstracts, contains comprehensive collection of information
and organized for quick retrieval.
y It is available through the Internet or an organization's Intranet.
Chapter 2 Library Online Resources Intro to Online Database
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1
2
3
4
5
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Electronic Resources: eElectronic Resources: e--bookbook
e book - An electronic version of a book that is found and read on the
Web.
For example
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Electronic Resources: eElectronic Resources: e--journaljournal
An electronic journal that provides its content over the Internet. Some
are accessible to anyone, but many others require purchase.
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Engineering Computer Aviation Science
Springer ACM ebrary AccessEngineering
Book 24x7 Wiley FrostSullivan
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chancellery
xxxxxxxx
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What is a
Citation?
What is a
Citation?
y A "citation" is the way you tell your readersthat certain material in your work camefrom another source.
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How to Cite?How to Cite?
y Students should write references in 2 places:
- in the text (in text citation / parenthetical
references)
- at the end of the text (bibliography /
references / works cited)
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In Text CitationIn Text Citationy Students can do it in 3 ways:
- quote- paraphrase
- summarizey All three should contain author's name,
year and page number(s).
y
All three should also be included in thebibliography.
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Example of In Text CitationExample of In Text Citation
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Example of Bibliography
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Elements of CitationElements of Citation
Book
- Author(s)
- Editor(s)
- Title
- Publisher
- Place ofpublication
- Year ofpublication
- Edition (if any)
Journal article
- Author
- Title of article
- Title of journal
- Volume & numberof journal
- Date of publication
- Pagination
Website
- Author
- Title
- Publisher
- Place ofpublication
- Date ofpublication
- URL
- Date of accessed
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Why is it such a big issue?
y How would you feel if someone copied your exact words without
your permissionandwithout acknowledging you?
y Copying from published materials (without acknowledgement) is
illegal as it contravenes copyright law.
y People in high places have lost their job because they were
found to have plagiarised.
Chapter 4 Copyright & Intellectual Property Issue Intro to copyright & IP (1)
PlagiarismPlagiarism
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8.16 Academic Integrity
A student must adhere to the academic integrity. Students
are prohibited from indulging in any form of academic
cheating like copying or allowing others to copy,plagiarism or similar activities and so on during
examination, lab work, essay orresearch paper, thesis
and so on. Please refer to the Academic Offense under
the Examination Rules and Regulations.
(see UNIKL Rules & Regulations Handbook:Rules)
8.16.1
8.0 RULES
PlagiarismPlagiarism
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11.0 DISCIPLINARYACTION
For misconduct classified as a minor offence:
a. Warning or Final Warningb. Reference to Counselor
For misconduct classified as a major offence:
b. Payment for cost of damages caused to the universitys
facilities or to third party that is claiming from the university
f. Expulsion from UniKL
e. Suspension from the UniKL academic programme
What are the consequences of plagiarismfor students?
(see UNIKL Rules & Regulations Handbook:Disciplinary action)
PlagiarismPlagiarism
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THEEND