Lifespan development Dr. Russell

ADULTHOOD: COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

Having or displaying good intellectual skills, such as having a understanding of

information and quick retrieval conceptual knowledge. General intelligence is based on the premise that all cognitions and levels of

general intelligence varies from individual to individual.

What Defines Intelligence ?

General intelligence is called the “g factor” due to the idea of one having a general intelligence that impacts mental ability measures. The emergence of general intelligence was first introduced by Charles Spearman in 1904. According to Spearman, this “g factor” was responsible for overall performance on mental ability tests and it is measured by a single number, such as an IQ score.

(Berger, K. 2014).

GENERAL INTELLIGENCE

Fluid intelligence- Basic intelligence that is quick and easy to learn, such as completing puzzles or retrieving information from short-term memory.

Crystalized intelligence- Refers to a certain intellectual ability that has accumulated overtime, such as vocabulary or perhaps certain aspects of historically-related events.

Many psychologist believes that crystalized intelligence increases overtime, and that fluid intelligence gradually declines

Two clusters of intelligence:Fluid intelligence

crystalized intelligence

FLUID CRYSTALIZED INTELLIGENCE INTELLIGENCE

Sternburg’s 3 Forms of Intelligence

Related Issues Mental processes

involved

Analytic Intelligence Abstract Planning Strategizing Focused Attention Information

Processing Verbal Skills Logic

Creative Intelligence Imagination Appreciating the

unexpected Originality Vision

Practical Intelligence Ability to adapt

behaviors Understanding real

problems Ability to apply

knowledge and skills

Valued for Analyzing Learning and

understanding Remembering Thinking

Intellectual flexibility

Originality Future hopes Artists, musicians

Adaptability Concrete

Knowledge Real-world

challenges

Indicated for Multiple-choice tests

Brief essays Recall of

information

Inventiveness Innovation Resourcefulness Ingenuity

Performance in real situations

“Street smarts” Survival skills

AGE AND CULTURE

Cognitive Artifacts-Ideas passed down from generation to generation.

Sternburg contends that “many very smart people turn a blind eye to wars, poverty, political atrocities, starvation, and disease”(Strenburg, 2013. pg. 188).

Hurricane KatrinaSeptember 2011 World Trade Center

Accumulating StressorsEvents or experiences that causes people to feel stressed. Some situations may be

stressors for some people and not for others

Avoidant Coping- Refers to handling stress by avoiding, ignoring, forgetting, or hiding it.

Problem-focused coping-A form of strategic coping by directly addressing it.

Emotion-focused coping-To deal with stress by strategically changing the way that we feel about the stressor, rather than changing the stressor itself.

COPING METHODS

Weathering- the accumulation of different stressors overtime. It minimizes a person’s resiliency.

Religious coping-When people rely on their faith to handle stressful situations.

COPING METHODS:

SELECTIVE OPTIMIZATION AND COMPENSATION

People attempt to find balance in their lives by expecting the best ways to make-up for or compensate what has been lost.