Adjectives Functional English

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ADJECTIVE



Topic

1. Defning Adjectives

2. Adjectives Modiying Nouns

3. Adjectives Modiying Pronouns

4. Dierent Types o Adjectives

4.1 Persona Tites4.2 Possessive Adjectives

4.3. T!e Artices

4.4. De"onstrative Adjectives

4.#. $ndefnite Adjectives

4.% Nu"&ers

4.' $nterrogative Adjectives

4.( )o"pound Adjectives

4.(.1 )o"pound Adjectives ro" Proper Nouns

4.(.2 )o"pound Adjectives *it! +uotation "ar,s - $taics

4.(.3 Adver&s - )o"pound Adjectives

#. or"ing Adjectives

#.1 or"ing adjectives ro" Nouns

#.2 or"ing adjectives ro" /er&s

#.3 or"ing adjectives or" adjectives

#.4 or"ing adjectives ro" proper nouns

%. Degree o Adjectives

'. )o"parison o Adjectives

(. Adjective 0rder

. )oordinated Adjectives



PART 1 PresentationOutline

Topic

1. Defning Adjectives

2. Adjectives Modiying Nouns

3. Adjectives Modiying Pronouns

4. Dierent Types o Adjectives

4.1 Persona Tites

4.2 Possessive Adjectives

4.3 T!e Artices



Are descri&ing *ords A *ord *!ose "ain roe is to uaiy a noun

or noun p!rase giving "ore inor"ation

a&out t!e o&ject signifed. T!ey give t!e reader "ore inor"ationa&out a noun and pronoun and to "a,eyour *riting "ore interesting.

ADJECTIVES



Adjectives are said to "odiy nouns and arenecessary to "a,e t!e "eanings osentences cearer or "ore eact. Adjectivesare added to nouns to state *!at ,ind *!atcoor *!ic! one or !o* "any.

Adjectives Modif !oun



oo* t!e ello" ca&.5$n t!is ea"pe t!e adjective 6yeo*7 "odifest!e noun 6ca&78

T!e principal *ords s!oud &e in &od.

5$n t!is ea"pe t!e adjective 6principa7"odifes t!e noun 6*ords7 and since it is notattac!ed to a proper noun it cannot &e

capitai:ed. T!ey gat!ered a t!e "#ite !orses.

E$a%ples

Adjectives Modif !oun



At!oug! ess co""on adjective can aso"odiy pronouns

;a"pes $t is a &lue one.

0ny a &rave few !ave received a

reco""endation.

Adjectives ModifPronouns



Di'erent Tpes ofAdjectives



Persona tites are cassifed as adjectives *!en t!eyare attac!ed to a na"e.

;a"pes

1( Personal Titles

Mr. or Ms.King or Queen

Uncle or Auntie Prince or Princess

Sir or Dame Dean or Professor

Count or Countess Pope



are used to s!o* possession aso ,no*n aspossessive deter%iners t!at "odiy a noun &yattri&uting possession.

<ist o deter"iners are=

"y your !is !er its our and t!eir

;a"pes >!e is % sister. T!e doctor is *aiting or our a&oratory resuts. Today is our duty to prepare t#eir coee. T!e docu"ents are ost in #is o?ce.

)( Possessive Adjectives



T!e *ords a* an* and t#e are ,no*n as articesand are cassifed as adjectives too.

◦ 6a7 and 6an7 are caed indefnite artices as t!eydo not indicate a specifc noun

◦ 6t!e7 is caed t!e defnite artice &ecause it

does point to specifc noun

;a"pes= A cup. 5any cup8 T#e cup. 5specifc cup8 @e need an o?ce &ig enoug!. 5any o?ce8 @e need t#e o?ce cean today. 5specifc o?ce8

+( T#e Articles



PART ) PresentationOutline

Topic4. De"onstrative Adjectives

#. $ndefnite Adjectives

%. Nu"&ers

' $nterrogative Adjectives

( )o"pound Adjectives

(.1 )o"pound Adjectives ro" Proper Nouns

(.2 )o"pound Adjectives *it! +uotation "ar,s -$taics

(.3 Adver&s - )o"pound Adjectives



are *ords to de"onstrate or indicatespecifc t!ings.

$t s!o*s *!et!er t!e noun t!ey reer to is

singuar or pura *!et!er it is ocatednear to or ar ro" t!e spea,er or narrator.

T!ey a*ays ans*er t!e uestion @!ic!

oneBC

,( De%onstrative Adjectives



Sin-ular Plural

T!is T!ese used to point out t!ings *!ic!are p!ysicay cose to t!espea,er as *e as to *!o"ever!e or s!e is spea,ing usuay*it!in easy reac!ing distance.

T!at T!ose used to point out t!ings *!ic!are urt!er a*ay ro" t!e

spea,er 5&ut are not necessaryto t!e isteners8 not *it!in easyreac!ing distance.

,( De%onstrative Adjectives



1. $ $ !ear t#at parrot again $ *i ca t!eo*ner.5de"onstrative adjective 6t!at7 reers tospecifc 6parrot78

2. T!e *edding *as decorated &y t#oseo*ers *!ic! &rig!ten t#at roo".

3. Medas *i ony &e given to t#ose runners*!o co"pete t!e "arat!on in ess t!an (

!ours.56t!ose7 reers to specifc peope8

4. A o t#ese &ouses are epensive.

E$a%ples.

DEMO!STRATIVE ADJECTIVES



T!ey are or"ed ro" indefnite pronouns t!eydo not point out specifc t!ings. T!ey a"osta*ays are paced &eore t!e noun t!ey reer toit "odifes a noun pronoun or noun p!rase.

Most co""on indefnite adjectives are=

/( Inde0nite Adjectives

Eot!ManyA

>everaot!er

No>o"e>pecifc

NoneAnyNot

;very)ertaine*

Anot!er;ac!Eot!



1. According to a counci spo,es"an t!ereare no *aa&ies et in Der&ys!ire.Fo*ever over t!e past fe" "ont!s%an *a,ers !ave reported seeing

several aduts *it! young.2. @e can trave to an od city.

3. T!e singer can c!oose anot#er song t!ats!e t!in,s %an peope *i i,e.

4. $ *anted to &uy a certain cot!.

E$a%ples.

I!DEI!ITE ADJECTIVES



Nu"&ers are cassifed as adjective too &ecause o t!einor"ation t!ey give is !o* "any o a noun.

T!ey can &e cardina nu"&ers G one 2 t!ree 4 fvesiH.so on

0r can &e ordina nu"&ers G frst second t!ird ourt!Hso onH

;a"pes=1( our dop!ins stayed *it! t!e &oat unti da*n.

2. T!e &oo, !as )22 pages et or "e to read.

3. T!e adder !ad t"elve steps.

3( !u%&ers



An interrogative adjective 6*!ic!7 or 6*!at7is i,e an interrogative pronoun eceptt!at it "odifes a noun or noun p!raserat!er t!an standing on its o*n.

$nterrogative adjectives stand or t!e t!ing*e do not ,no*.

4( Interro-ative Adjectives



1( 5#ic# o*ers s!oud *e used ordecorating t!e roo"B5adjective 6*!ic!7 "odifes t!e noun6o*ers78

)( 5#at "ovies are you going to *atc!to"orro* nig!tB

+( 5#ic# "ea do you *ant to orderB

,( 5#at project are you *or,ing rig!t no*B

E$a%ples.

I!TERRO6ATIVE ADJECTIVES



A co"pound adjective is an adjective t!atco"prises "ore t!an one *ord. T!ey aregroup o *ords t!at are not a adjectives&ut "a,e a "eaning t!at is just oneadjective.

$s "ade o t*o or "ore *ords toget!er tos!o* t!at it is one adjective. Isuay

!yp!ens are used to in, t!e *ordstoget!er.

4( Co%pound Adjectives



aJtooJco""on !ig!Jend upJto*n o*Jcass >u&Jcass tuneJup

So%e co%pound adjectives are

COMPO7!D ADJECTIVES

"iJup standJin standJout upJsideJdo*n do*nJto*n frstJcass &uidJin

c!ec,Jin c!ec,Jout partJti"e ta,eJout o*J&udget fneJtune oo,Jout



E$a%ples

COMPO7!D ADJECTIVES

1. Pease reuest a four8foot ta&e.

5adjective 6ourJoot7 is descri&ing t!e 6ta&e7 !yp!enis used to in, our and oot to s!o* t!at it is one8

2. $t is a 38pa-e docu"ent.

3. Nena *or,ed as a part8ti%e ,eeper at t!e saari par,.

4. T!at is an all8too8co%%on "ista,e.

#. T!is lo"8&ud-et f" got a 0rst8class revie*.

%. $t *as a "ell8"ritten report.



0ten adjectives are or"ed ro" proper nouns 5t!ena"e o t!ings8 *!ic! s!oud &e *ritten using capitaetters. $n t!ese circu"stances t!ere is no need togroup t!e *ords toget!er using !yp!en.

9I!DS O COMPO7!D ADJECTIVES

1. Compound Adjectives from Proper Nouns

Ne* Kear La"adan aree" Nationa eograp!ic reen Peace

Midde Ages Pepsi )oa )!ristian Dior Fyatt Fote

Nationa Day ;ie To*er Ne* Kor, rand Mosue



E$a%ples

COMPO7!D ADJECTIVES ROM PROPER!O7!

1. Did you "anage to get a :arr Potter tic,etsB

2. >tudent is encouraged to *atc! t!e !ational6eo-rap#ic episodes.

3. <et us a support 6reen Peace activities in t!e*ord.

4. T!e co"pany is giving a*ay ree Pepsi Cola &ag.

#. 0nce a year *e visit Jose Ri;al s!rine in <unetaPar= area.



At!oug! a ess co""on practice it is aso possi&e togroup t!e *ords in a co"pound adjective usinguotation "ar,s itaics or co"&ination o t*o. 5$taics

tend to &e used or oreign *ords8


2. Compound Adjectives WITH

QUOTATION MARKS & ITALICS

ab initio haute couture de facto

de jure ceteris paribus “Schindler’s List”

“Mary Celeste” do it yourseC “Phantom of the

Opera”



E$a%ples

COMPO7!D ADJECTIVES 5IT: >7OTATIO!

MAR9S ? ITA<ICS

1. $t is an ab initio course. 5i.e. or &eginners8

2. T!e atest haute couture pays an i"portant part in t!eas!ion *ord.

3. >teven >pie&erg *on !is 0scar or @Sc#indlers <istBf".

4. My sister *as "y de facto "ot!er a t!ese years. 5&y

practice8#. T!ey ended de jure &ac, segregation in 1##. 5&y a*8%. or "ore t!an ten years @i"a cai"ed to &e part o t!e

“Mary Celeste” cre* &eore ad"itting to !is cousin at aparty t!at s!e is not.

'. A"&er oo,ed at t!e stic, in t!e *ater oo,ed "e in t!eeye and t!en turned a*ay giving "e a @-et itourselfB oo,.



An adjective is oten preceded &y adver&s it descri&es t!eadjectives. T!ere is no need to in, an adver& to an adjectiveusing !yp!en. Isuay tes you *!en *!ere !o* in *!at "anneror *!at etend an action is peror"ed.

>o"e adver&s are=

Eut so"e adver&s are or"ed &y adding J or l to an adjective


. ADVERBS & Compound Adjectives

/ery ast +uite a"ost "ostMore ar @e Never 0tenA*ays <east <ess t!ere

Eeautiul etre"el ovel riendl

>o*l graceu s,iu ,indl



E$a%ples

ADVERS ? COMPO7!D ADJECTIVES

1. Oean Ooy is an etre"ey &rave -irl.

5t!e adver& 6etre"ey7 "odifes t!e adjective 6&rave7 &ut isnot part o it t!ere is no need to group it toget!er *it! a!yp!en8

2. $t *as a &eautiuy painted portrait in a s,iuy carvedfra%e( 5t!e adver& 6&eautiuy7 "odifes t!e adjective 6painted7 and6s,iuy7 "odifes 6carved78

3. >!e is a very studious -irl(

4. T!e sc!oos a*ays print ne"sletters(

#. T!e insurance *as uite e$pensive plan to continue *it!out areguar inco"e.



Part + Presentation



Part + PresentationOutline

Topic

#. or"ing Adjectives

#.1 or"ing adjectives ro" Nouns

#.2 or"ing adjectives ro" /er&s

#.3 or"ing adjectives or" adjectives

#.4 or"ing adjectives ro" proper nouns

%. Degree o Adjectives

'. )o"parison o Adjectives

(. Adjective 0rder

. )oordinated Adjectives



ORMI!6 ADJECTIVES

!oun Adjective

Accident Accidenta

Danger Dangerous

>tar >tarry

@ind @indy

Adjectives can &e for%ed fro%. !O7!S* VER*ADJECTIVES ?

PROPER !O7!S Ver& Adjective

;njoy ;njoya&e

Fep Fepu

0&ey 0&edient

Ta, ta,ative

Adjective Adjective

)o"ic )o"ica

)orrect )orrectiveLed Leddis!

>ic, >ic,y

Proper !oun

ProperAdjectives

)anada )anadians

)!ristianity )!ristian

rance renc!

Eritain Eritis!



DE6REE O ADJECTIVES

1. Positive degree G t!e si"pest or"

2. )o"parative degree G co"paring

t*o t!ings or person

3. >uperative degree G co"paring

t!ree or "ore t!ings or person



COMPARISO! OADJECTIVES

Positive Co%parative

Superlative

>!ort >!orter >!ortest

reat reater reatest

>"a >"aer >"aest

1. Adder

andest

to s!ort adjectives oone sya&es 5so"eti"es t*o sya&es8




Positive Co%parative

Superlative

<uc,y <uc,ier <uc,iest

Feavy Feavier Feaviest

>iy >iier >iiest

2. $ t!e s!ort adjective ends *it!consonant and * c!ange t!e to i andadd er and est.




Positive Co%parativ

e

Superlative

ine iner inest

3. $ t!e s!ort adjective ends *it! e add erand st




Positive Co%parative Superlative

Appeaing <essappeaing

<eastappeaing

Le"ar,a&e Morere"ar,a&e Mostre"ar,a&e

Eeautiu More&eautiu

Most&eautiu

4. Put %ore lessF and %ost leastF inront o onger adjectives 5*it! t*o or "oresya&es8 to s!o* co"parison.




Positive Co%parative Superlative

Ead @orse @orst

ood Eetter Eest

Many More Most<itte <ess <east

*e Eetter Eest

>o"e adjectives are irre-ular adjectives and don7t oo* t!e rues. T!ey c!ange or"considera&y ro" one degree to t!e net.



more s!orter most s!ortest

more older most oldest

more ugliermost ugliest

more smaller most smallest

Never use er or est at t!esa"e ti"e you use %ore or

%ore. T!ese are incorrect.G



ADJECTIVE ORDER$n "any anguages attri&utive adjectives usuay occur in a

specifc order or t!e order o adjectives in a series

T!e categories are=

1. +uantity or nu"&er

2. +uaity or opinion G o&servation3. >i:e and >!ape G adjectives su&ject to o&jective "easure4. Age G adjectives denoting age#. )oor G adjectives denoting coor%. 0rigin G adjective denoting source o noun 5proper

adjective8'. Materia G adjective denoting *!at so"et!ing is "ade o (. +uaifer or purpose G fna i"iter oten regarded as part o

t!e noun



E$a%ples of t#e seHuence of t#eMultiple adjectives in c#art for%.

Quantt! Qua"t! S#e S$ape A%e Co"or Or%n Matera" Purpose Noun

ten s"art !uge young &ac, Ara&ian racing Forses

severa

ecee

nt tiny suare od &ro*n

)!ines

e eat!erreerenc

e &oo,s

so"e s!iny

"ediu

" round antiue *!ite $ndian god ar"

&racee

ts

one pretty ta young ;ngis! as!ion "ode

e*

!and

"ade arge ova red Persian *oo )arpets

so"e

epensi

ve &ig round *!ite Arican

dia"on

d

a"ous grand cassic &ro*n;urope

an*oode

n Piano

one nice s"a orange

>*edis

! &ric, cottage !ouse



;a"pes= T!e e$pensive* co%forta&le &ac, ;ngis!

eat!er s!oes can &e ound in >!oeMart. 5epensive and co"orta&e &eong tot!e sa"e cass 6uaity78

T!e &eautiful* e$pensive red )!inesesi, dress is on sae.

@!en adjective &eong to a sa"e cass t!ey&eco"e coordinated adjectives *e need to put a

co""a &et*een t!e".

Adjectives Functional English

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