adidas eyewear master - pp97/03 - Optikerforeningen · Nick Dash . Sports Vision – Visual...
Transcript of adidas eyewear master - pp97/03 - Optikerforeningen · Nick Dash . Sports Vision – Visual...
SPORTS VISION Visual Performance of
Contact Lenses
Nick Dash BSc MCOptom DipASSV Sports Vision Specialist, University of Loughborough in the UK. Optometrist to the British Olympic Association English Cricket Board Lawn Tennis Association England Rugby Premiership Football Clubs Others……
Nick Dash
Sports Vision – Visual Performance with Contact Lenses
Nick Dash Optometrist CEO Sports Vision Institute www.skiCPD.org
Agenda: What is Sports Vision?
Sports Vision - Visual Performance with Contact Lenses
Golf (why CLs?)
Football – Rugby (activity based challenges)
Winter Sports (environmental challenges)
Vision Pathway
• Lights Journey
• Light path to the eye
• Cornea • Crystalline lens • Retina • Nerves • Brain
Station 1. Light Manipulation
• Refraction • Aberration control • Contrast control • Colour enhancement • Improve peripheral vision
Station 2. Eye co-ordination
We have six muscles acting on each eye.
But two eyes (12 extra ocular muscles) need to balance in all directions
Up
Down
Inwards
Station 4. Cortical vision • We see with our brain not our
eyes • This is learned over a life
time of seeing the world. • Our brains are most active
when we are younger. So that is why you need to practice and start at a early age.
• So called 10,000 hrs to be elite as described by K. Anders Ericsson, Swedish Psychologist The Acquisition of Expert Performance in the Arts and Sciences,Sports and games 1991
Vision Journey
1. Light manipulation
2. Eye co-ordination 3. Neural
transmission 4. Cortical vision 5. Motor responses
HARDWARE SOFTWARE
Vision Journey
1. Light manipulation
2. Eye co-ordination 3. Neural
transmission 4. Cortical vision 5. Motor responses
HARDWARE SOFTWARE
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distance to pin: 120 metres club: Iron 9 Tour Preferred
durability, stain resistance, and superior grip for wet and dry conditions glove: r9 Tour Glove
comfortable, moisture transportation, quick drying shirt : Climacool® with Coolmax® Shirt
breathable, quick drying, moisutre-management pants: Climalight® Pleated Tech Pants
stable stand, waterproof, rotation stability, anti-clogging cleats, impact absorption shoe: Tour 360 4.0
distortion free, contrast enhancement, comfortable fit, suitable for caps
eyewear: adivista
gggg distance, feel, spin, control ball: Penta TP
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Putting accuracy study • Induce a spectacle prescription by wearing contact
lenses
• Get players to wear the contact lenses and then neutralise the effect by wearing spectacles of different designs
• Prescription chosen was that of a professional golfer
Putting CLs vs Rx Spectacles
• 4ft,6ft,10ft,16ft putts
• No RX, 5 base
• PRO 3.6 shots • 12HC 5.4 shots
• 18HC 5.4 shots
Case Study Lewis Moody MBE (England Rugby)
Previous Daily Disposable SVS RE -2.00DS 6/4.5 LE -2.00DS 6/12-
15 deg exophoria (poor
compensation) Accepting but aware of disparity that he
had accepted as normal Handling difficult and team physio
struggled
Case Study Lewis Moody MBE (England Rugby)
Undiagnosed unilateral astigmatism • Unilateral astigmatism Daily Toric
• RE -2.00 DS 6/4.5 SDD • LE -0.75/-1.75 @ 180 6/6 SDDfAstigmatism (Well compensated squint) Improved Peripheral awareness, Catching, Better on field perception, Much better under floodlights.
Newer Variations of Dynamic Stabilisation Zones
Optic zone independent of
peripheral stabilisation reliable stability across
all powers
Perfecting a Lens Design - Lid Forces Static (Open eye)
Dynamic (Blink) Objective: • Develop a contact lens by
utilizing our expertise: – the eye’s anatomy – eyelid mechanics – blink / eye dynamics
Quick Alignment System
1 360 degree comfort chamfer
2. Prism Ballasting stabilising geometry
3. Refined optic zone
4. Balanced vertical thickness profile
• Aspheric Anterior Surface – adjusts spherical aberration to balance positive spherical aberration of the eye, and contributes to defocus (sphere power) correction
Front surface
• Posterior Toric Surface - corrects astigmatic cylinder error and completes defocus and spherical aberration correction
Back surface
Aberrated wavefront Aberration corrected wavefront
Advanced Lo-TorqueTM Design Optics
PRISM BALLASTING GEOMETRY • Optimized thickness from apex to base of lens • Provides fast, stable orientation
360
COMFORT CHAMFER • Uniform thin periphery • Reduces overall lens mass for synergistic lens/lid interaction • Enhances stabilization and maximizes comfort
REFINED OPTIC ZONES • Anterior/posterior optic zone diameters adjusted to minimize variations in thickness • Uniform fitting across the entire lens range
BALANCED VERTICAL THICKNESS PROFILE • Uniform mid-peripheral at apex, center, and base of optic zone for vision stability
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Clear, stable vision
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Left Trauma September 2011
Hyphaema Retinal Oedema Drop in acuity and central scotoma
• RE -2.00 DS 6/4.5 • LE -0.25/-2.25 @ 160 6/24 phni Left divergent squint 15 deg, loss of
stereopsis Treated with NSIA to speed resolution Treated suppression that subsequently
developed.
Left Trauma Rehabilitation
• RE -2.00 DS 6/4.5 • LE -0.75/-2.00 @ 170 6/9- niph (refitted with -0.75/-1.75 @160 6/12) Treated suppression that subsequently
developed Visual training to improve peripheral
awareness and OMB Returned to Captain England 14 weeks
after injury
Case study Winter Sports : Environmental Challenges
• Glare • Contrast • Distortion • Dryness • UV & Health Issues
Ocular fatigue
• “mild headaches” • “grittiness of the eyes” • Conjunctival Hyperaemia
(Grade 2) • Corneal lower third
Exposure Keratitis • Contact lens wearer is
problematic resulting in removal and rewetting
UV altitude
• Every 300M altitude will increase the UV by 4 % (World Health Organisation, “W.H.O.”)
• At an altitude of 3900M there is 50% more UV than Sea Level.
UV Index
0
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4
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10
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0 1000 2000 3000 4000
UV Index
Measurements taken by N Dash June 2009
Geneva, Chamonix, Aiguille Midi (Mont Blanc)
Peripheral light
Why do we get this nasal phenomenon when the temporal zones are relatively more exposed?
• 90 % of pingueculae are nasal and age related cataracts more evident in the nasal zones Coroneo et al, Kwok et al
• Optical ray tracing indicates a concentration of light on the nasal limbus and nasal lens cortex.
• Extreme circumference of the corneal dome refracts oblique light to focal areas within the eye..
• The light intensity arriving temporally on the eye is focused on the nasal limbus.
• Increasing UV levels by 20 times at the nasal limbus (Maloof et al)
Snow Blindness (Photokeratitis) Symptoms 1. Intense pain, eye watering unable
to open eyes. 2. Pain grade 8 out of 10 3. Lasts 48hrs to 72 hours 4. Incapacitates individual for 72
hours Pathophysiology UV rays irritate the superficial corneal epithelium,
causing inhibition of mitosis, production of nuclear fragmentation, and loosening of the epithelial layer.
• An inflammatory response includes oedema and congestion of the conjunctiva and a stippling of the corneal epithelium known as superficial punctate keratitis (SPK). If SPK is severe, it may be followed by total epithelial desquamation, with conjunctival chemosis, lacrimation, and blepharospasm.
• Reepithelialisation usually occurs within 36-72 hours
Peripheral Rays
• UV Fluorescence Photography • Shown UV damage as young at 9yrs • Increases with chronological age • Increases with exposure to UV
Why 90 % of pingueculae are nasal • Up to 50% of UV can still reach the eye in some
sunglasses (Meyer et al & Schneider)
•
• .
Eye Lids DNA damage
responsible for lid tumours
• 2% increase UV lead to increase 6% of
squamous cell carcinoma (=1% depletion of ozone)
• 90 % of skin carcinomas are UV induced (Trevini Graedel &Crutzen)
• Brief acute UV seems to cause Melanomas, >10 yrs gestation period.
• Twice as many deaths in Southern States of US vrs Northern
• Eye protection from orbit but exposes temporal lid tissue. Levels of UV being twice the amount of the nasal area.
• Temporal lids are 12 time more likely to develop tumours than the nasal areas (Sakamoto et al)
Dry Eye Visual Stability and Quality
• Dry Eye Symptoms • Air movement • Dry air • Loss of tear film
• Reduced Tears
exposes to UV and increases UV risk
Ocular exhaustion phenomenon (REE)
1. Questionaire to Mountain Guides based on McMonnies Questionaire.Early results suggest chronic and severe dry eye of all respondance with 5 or more years in mountain environment.
2. Chamonix Ophthalmogist report; awaiting questionaire…ie incidence of Pterygium/Pingueculae/Most Common cause of pateints presenting/Incidence of Cataract and Macula Degeneration.
What factors contribute to dehydration and “Dehydration Blur”?
Lens Factors
Dehydration
Blur
Individual Factors
Environmental Factors
• decreased oxygen transmission • tighter fitting lenses • change in lens power • increased surface deposits
Vision is key to performance Sports Performance Eyewear
delivers
Clearer Sports Vision Performance Enhanced Optics
Improved Visual Comfort
Raising Performance in Sports
Biggest impact on performance
• The biggest impact we can have on vision performance is to give the best optical correction or appliance.