Bell Ringer(a) Define Federalism!

(b) What are the jobs of the 3 branches of government?

Origins of the Progressive MovementWith the turning of the new Century, progressive individuals felt there were many areas of

society that needed reform (change). Newspapers and writers exposed the working

conditions of factory workers, along with dominant roles of large corporations and the

unresponsiveness of the federal government. These reform efforts became the heart of the

Progressive Movement.

Goals of the Progressive Movement1) Protect Social Welfare

2) Promote Moral Improvement3) Create Economic Reform

4) Fostering Efficiency

Social WelfareHelp the poor through community

efforts.

Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA)

Opened up libraries, sponsored classes, built swimming pools, built

handball and basketball courts

Salvation ArmyFed the poor in soup kitchens,

child nurseries, instructed immigrants on the values of hard

work and temperance

Moral ImprovementSome people thought that it was morals, not the workplace, that held the key to improving life

Prohibition-the banning of alcoholic beverages-

Many thought that alcohol was undermining American morality.

Women’s Christian Temperance UnionGroup founded in 1874, that spearheaded the crusade for

prohibition in the US. By 1911, the movement grew to 245,000 members.

Economic ReformThe Panic of 1893 causes people to question

ties between corporations and the government

MuckrakersJournalists who

write of the corrupt side of

business

Ida Tarbell

“Mr. Rockefeller has systematically played with loaded dice, and it is doubtful if there has been a time since 1872 when

he has run a race with a competitor and started fair.”- Ida Tarbell

EfficiencySocial Scientists focused on trying to make the factory operate more efficiently. They focused on the study of “Scientific Management”, which was the study of how quickly each job could

be performed.

Henry Ford introduced a new system to make his factories operate at maximum efficiency, the moving assembly line (where the person stays

and the product comes to them). He also introduced the idea of 8 hour workdays and

better pay.

Cleaning up Local GovernmentFaced many social problems with industrialization. Natural disasters played a role in

promoting change, as cities were forced to create commissions or councils to deal with massive death and destruction. Some city officials worked to end corruptions (Cleveland &

Detroit). These officials worked to make citizens take an active role in city government.

1913 Ohio Flood 1900 Texas Hurricane

Cleaning up State GovernmentAided by progressive governors, some states passed laws to regulate railroads, mines, mills,

and other large businesses.

- Railroad rates were regulated, forbidden to issue free passes to elected officials, and railroad property was taxed the same as other businesses

- National Child Labor Committee investigated child labor. Nearly every state passed legislation regulating child labor

- Oregon law limiting the work day to 10 hours for women. Upheld by the Supreme Court in Muller VS Oregon 1901 case and extended to men in Bunting VS Oregon 1917 case.

17th Amendment1913 – direct election of Senators rather than state legislatures approving them

Election Reform- Issued the use of Secrete Ballots- Initiatives = a bill originated by the people

rather than lawmakers- Referendums = a vote on an initiative- Recalls = enabled voters to remove public

officials from positions by forcing them to case another election before the end of their term in enough voters asked for it