Slide 1

Agenda

3G RADIO INTERFACE (Uu)RAB definition and Radio bearer definition SRB definition and Signaling connection definition3G call Scenario

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RNCRNCUEWCDMA RANCore NetworkMSCMGWSGSNGGSNEvery interface contains protocols used over it.Protocol used over the Iub interfaceNode B Application Part Protocol (NBAP).Protocol used over the Iur interfaceRadio Network Subsystems Application Part (RNSAP).Protocol used over the Iu interfaceRadio Access network application part(RNAP)NAS MessagesSignaling between the UE and CN directlyUuIubIURWCDMA RAN Interfaces.IuNAS messages2RNCCS DomainMGWMSCGGSNWCDMA RANIu-BcSGSNCBCPS DomainBroadcast domainCell Broadcast centerWCDMA RAN Interfaces (Contd).The Iu interface to the circuit switched domain, i.e. to the MSC, is referred to as Iu-CS.

The Iu interface to the packet switched domain, i.e. to the SGSN, is referred to as Iu-PS.

Iu-PSIn band SignalingDirect tunnelingdataSignalingCore NetworkIu-CSLAYERED STRUCTURE OF PROTOCOLS1100101100101001010010010010Peer layersUser DataCorrectionaddressingINTRODUCTION TO RADIO INTERFACE (Uu)

UEINTRODUCTION TO RADIO INTERFACE, UUThe interface is layered into three protocol layers:The physical layer (L1);The data link layer (L2); Network layer (L3)Layer 3Layer 2Layer 1Physical layer (L1)Data link layer (L2) Network layer (L3)Layer 3 (Network layer )Layer 3 consists of one protocol, called Radio Resource Control (RRC), which belong to the control plane. Function of RRC is to establish SRB between the UE and the RNC to handle most of the control signals. RRC controls the lower layers

Note :Messages that are not meant for the RAN but for the CN are called Non Access Stratum (NAS) Transferred transparently over the WCDMA RAN. INTRODUCTION TO RADIO INTERFACE, UuLayer 3RRCNASControl PlaneNAS includes Mobility Management (MM), ConnectionManagement (CM), Session Management (SM) and Short MessageServices (SMS).7INTRODUCTION TO RADIO INTERFACE, Uu (Contd)Layer 2 (Data link layer) Layer 2 is split into different sub layers. A- Radio Link Control (RLC) B-Medium Access Control (MAC)Layer 3RRCNASControl PlaneLayer 2RLCMACUser Plan (User data)Signaling Radio BearersRadio BearersRLC layer (Radio Link Control)RLC layer provides service in both A-Control plane is called Signaling Radio Bearer (SRB) B-User plane it is called a Radio Bearer (RB)

Signaling Radio Bearer, SRB Signaling messages between the UE and the RNC.Radio Bearer, RB. User data transport between the UE and the RNC.

RB Part of the Radio Access Bearer (RAB).Each RAB is mapped onto one or more Radio Bearers.

8RLC map messages on different logical channels.

INTRODUCTION TO RADIO INTERFACE, Uu (Contd)RLCSRBLogical ChannelsRBLogical ChannelsControl PlaneUser Plan (User data)In Acknowledged Mode an Automatic Retransmission Request(ARQ) mechanism is used for error correction.9MAC layer Medium Access Control Logical channels received from the RLC layer are mapped onto the transport channels.Multiplex signaling and data to transport channels INTRODUCTION TO RADIO INTERFACE, Uu (Contd)

Layer 2RLCRLCLogical ChannelsLogical ChannelsMACTransport ChannelsDifferent MAC entities depend on the traffic type:MAC-b handles the transport channel for the broadcast channel.MAC-d handles all dedicated transport channelsMAC-hs handles the HS-DSCH transport channelsINTRODUCTION TO RADIO INTERFACE, Uu (Contd)Layer 3RRCNASControl PlaneLayer 2RLCMACUser Plan (User data)SRBLogical ChannelsLogical ChannelsTransport ChannelsRBLayer 1 (physical layer)

Transport channels are mapped onto the physical layer.

Mapped to combination of:Carrier frequencyCodes (channelization/scrambling code pair)

Layer 1Physical LayerL3RRCControl PlaneL2RLCMACUser Plan (User data)Logical ChannelsTransport ChannelsPHYL1RRCControl PlaneRLCMACUser Plan (User data)Logical ChannelsTransport ChannelsPHYLayer 1FPAAL2ATMLayer 1FPAAL2ATM

RNCNode-BL3L2L1Exchanges of signaling and user data between the UE and the UTRANSRBRadio Bearer12

RABUTRANCN-CSCN-PSRABRABSignaling connection

Radio BearerIu BearerSC provides confidential transport of signaling between UE and CN RAB provides confidential transport of user data between UE and CN The signaling Radio Bearers, SRB, can carry layer 3 signaling (RRC connection establishment), A Radio Bearer responsible for transfer of data between UE and UTRAN.Radio bearers are mapped successively on logical channels, transport channels and physical channelsSCSRBIu Signaling Bearer

Signaling connectionIu BearerIu Signaling BearerCNRNCRadio LinkTraffic ChannelRRC Channel

--------------Radio Bearer----------------------------------------Signaling Radio Bearer---------------------------------------------------------------------RAB---------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Signaling Connection---------------------------14CNRNC

HSDPA RAB --------------------------------------Streaming (TV)HSDPA RAB --------------------------------------interactive (Browsing)HSDPA RAB --------------------------------------Background (Email)SRBIu-PS Signaling (RANAP)Conversational --------------------------------------Voice CallIu-CS Signaling (RANAP)SGSNMGWA user can have several RABs in case several services are required for this user.Four Major traffic classes can be identified:Traffic classConversational classconversational RTStreaming classstreaming RTInteractive classInteractive best effortBackgroundBackground besteffortFundamentalcharacteristicsHigh Protectionas there is no Retransmission Protocol No Delays in both ways

High Protectionas there is no Retransmission Protocol

Mini Delay (Buffers compensate the Delays) Request and Response Re transmission Protocols are used Delays are AcceptedExample of theapplicationvoicestreaming videoWeb browsingEmails Message from UE to CN (NAS message)NAS includes Mobility Management (Location area update)Short Message Services (SMS).

NASRRCRLCMACLayer 1Layer 1FPAAL2ATMLayer 1SCCPATMNNI -SAALMTP -3bLayer 1RANAPAAL5FPAAL2ATMLayer 1RRCRLCMACSCCPATMNNI -SAALMTP -3bLayer 1RANAPAAL5NASUuIUBIUPeer

Exchanges of signaling between the UE and the CN

RNCNode-BCNNAS messages17RRC (Radio Resource Controller)

RRC (Radio Resource Controller)RRC provides the following functions:

Broadcast of system informationInitial cell selection and cell re-selection.Paging.Transparent message transfer.Establishment, reconfiguration and release of Radio Bearers.Capacity managements .RRC connection mobility functions.Handover evaluationUE measurement reporting and control of the reporting.Take the decisions based on measurements report RRC (Radio Resource Controller) ContdExample for RRC Messages..

RRC Connection RequestRRC Connection SetupRRC Connection RejectRRC Connection Setup CompleteRRC Connection ReleaseRRC Connection Release CompletePaging Type 1Paging Type 2Radio Bearer SetupRadio Bearer Setup CompleteRadio Bearer Setup FailureRadio Bearer ReconfigurationRadio Bearer Reconfiguration CompleteRadio Bearer Reconfiguration Complete FailureRadio Bearer ReleaseRadio Bearer Release CompleteRadio Bearer Release FailurePhysical Channel ReconfigurationPhysical Channel Reconfiguration CompletePhysical Channel Reconfiguration Complete FailureCell UpdateCell Update ConfirmActive Set UpdateActive Set Update CompleteActive Set Update FailureRRC (Radio Resource Controller) ContdRRC FUNCTIONS AND PROCEDURES

1- BROADCAST OF SYSTEM INFORMATIONThe System Information messages are sent on BCCH logical channel RRC (Radio Resource Controller) Contd

WCDMA RANBCCH on BCH or FACHBCCH (Logical)BCH(Transport)DL idleDL FACHBCCH (Logical)FACH(Transport)P-CCPCH(*)Primary Common Control Physical Ch.S-CCPCHSecondary Common ControlPhysical Ch..RRC (Radio Resource Controller) Contd2- PAGINGThis procedure is used to transmit paging information to selected UE in Idle modeCELL_PCHCell FACH and Cell DCH PICH is used to indicate to the UE when it should read the SCCPCH (Physical channels)

WCDMA RANPaging type 1 PCCH/PCHDCCH(Logical)FACH (Transport)

CELL_DCHCELL_FACHIdle /PCHWCDMA RANPaging type 2 DCCHDL DCH FACHPCCH (Logical)Paging Control Ch.PCH (Transport)Paging Ch.S-CCPCH (Physical)Secondary Common ControlPhysical Ch.DL Idle3-ESTABLISHMENT, MAINTENANCE AND RELEASE OF RRC CONNECTIONRRC (Radio Resource Controller) Contd

RNCRRC Connection Setup CCCH/FACHRRC Connection Request CCCH/RACHRRC Connection EstablishmentRRC Connection Setup Complete DCCH/DCHWCDMA RANConnectedModeCCCH (Logical Channel)Common Control Ch.FACH (Transport Channel)Forward Access Ch.S-CCPCHSecondary Common Control (Physical Ch.)CCCH (Logical Channel)Common Control Ch.RACH (Transport Channel)Rand access chPRACH(Physical Ch.)ULDLFrom Establishment Cause for RRC connectionOriginating Conversational CallOriginating Streaming CallOriginating Interactive CallOriginating Background CallEmergency Call

RRC (Radio Resource Controller) ContdESTABLISHMENT, MAINTENANCE AND RELEASE OF RRC CONNECTION (Contd)

RNCDCCH:RRC Connection ReleaseDCCH:RRC Connection Release CompleteCELL_DCH

CCCH/FACH: RRC Connection ReleaseCCCH/RACH: RRC Connection Release CompleteCELL_FACH

PICH CCCH/RACH: RRC Connection Release CompleteURA_PCH

PCCH (RRC Connection Release)Release the RRC connection causeRRC (Radio Resource Controller) ContdURA_PCH no uplink channel in cell pch

26SIGNALING CONNECTIONRANAPIu TransportLayer

RRCRLCMACL1RANUEOne RRC ConnectionCSPSRRCRLCMACL1Iu TransportLayer

MSC

RANAPIu TransportLayer

CN 1SGSN

CN 2Signaling Connection is a connection between one Core Network (CN) and one UE The Signaling Connection consistsone RRC Connection over RAN one or two signaling connection over Iu interfaceEstablishment of the first Signaling Connection is initiated by the UE as soon as the RRC Connection is successfully established.

RRC (Radio Resource Controller) Contd

SCSCSCRANAP Note that only one RRC Connection is used.Signaling Connection ReleaseRRC (Radio Resource Controller) ContdRANAPIu TransportLayer

RRCRLCMACL1RANUERRCRLCMACL1

MSC

RANAPIu TransportLayer

CN 1RNCSignaling Connection ReleaseRABOne RRC ConnectionA signaling connection normally exists in conjunction with a RABHowever, in some cases a signaling connection is established to perform control plane actions that do not involve any user plane action, such as location area updating.Signaling connection release is used to notify UE that one of its signaling connections has been released.This procedure does not initiate the release of the RRC connection.

SCUE location area updatingTRANSPARENT MESSAGE TRANSFERRRC (Radio Resource Controller) ContdRANAPIu TransportLayer

RRCRLCMACL1RANUERRCRLCMACL1

MSC

RANAPIu TransportLayer

CN 1RNCSCOne RRC ConnectionInitial Direct Transfer (DCCH)The UE sends Initial Direct TransferThis message carries the initial NAS message from the UE to the CN (Reason for the access)

RANCNRRC: RRC Connection RequestRRC: RRC Connection SetupRRC Connection Setup completeInitial Direct Transfer NAS: (Service Request)RRC: Uplink Direct Transfer NAS: (Setup) (i want to make a call)RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer NAS: (Authentication Request)RRC: Security Mode CompleteRRC: Security Mode CommandRRC: Radio bearer Setup completeRRC: Downlink Direct Transfer NAS: (Call Proceeding)RRC: Radio Bearer SetupTransfer of NAS messages at Mobile Originated Call SetupAuthentication ResponseCheck Iu resourcesCheck RNC resources and QOSRAB Assignment Request-------------------------------------------------SC---------------------------------------------------------------SRB-------------------------------------------------------------------RAB--------------------------------------------------------------RB------------------30RRC (Radio Resource Controller) ContdRADIO BEARER MANAGEMENT

RRC performs Radio Bearer establishment,Radio Bearer reconfiguration Radio Bearer release.RRCRLCMACL1RANAPIu TransportLayer

RANAPIu TransportLayer

RRCRLCMACL1CNRANUERAB Assignment RequestRB Manage

RNCRAB Assignment RequestRB Setup CompleteCNAdmission Control,Radio Bearer Setup

RNCRAB Assignment RequestRB Reconfiguration CompleteCNRB Reconfiguration

RNCRAB Assignment RequestRadio Bearer Release CompleteCNRadio Bearer ReleaseRadio Bearer SetupRadio Bearer ReconfigurationRadio Bearer ReleaseRRC (Radio Resource Controller) ContdCELL UPDATE

While in connected mode (DCH) the UE is always in SOFT handoverWhen finish the call (common channels) I have to send cell update To tell the network where I am RRC (Radio Resource Controller) Contd

RNCCell Update Confirm DCCH on FACHCell Update CCCH on RACH CCCH (Logical)RACH(Transport)PRACH (Physical Ch.)Physical Random Access Ch.ULDLDCCH(Logical)FACH(Transport)S-CCPCH (Physical)Secondary Common Control PhysicalCell UpdateRLC Protocols

User dataRLC SDURLC PCIRLC LAYER 2PayloadRLC PCIMAC SDULayer 1User dataRLC SDUPayloadRLC PCIMAC SDULayer 1MAC Layer 2UuSDU service data unit is what I get from higher layersRLC PCI Protocol control information is added to get PDU protocol data unit (headers)RLC LAYER 2MAC layer 2RLC PDURLC Protocols35User dataRLCMAC SDURLC PDU1-Segmentation and re-assemblyI dont know the user data size so I make segmentation into block size to feet the PDUReassembly I have to do the opposite on the other sidePayloadRLC PCIRLC PDURLC PDUUuPayloadRLC PCIPayloadRLC PCIUser dataRLCMAC SDURLC PDUPayloadRLC PCIRLC PDURLC PDUPayloadRLC PCIPayloadRLC PCIRLC SDURLC PCIdata 1RLC PDUSDU 12-ConcatenationIf the contents of an RLC SDU do not fill RLC PDUSo I can concatenate in the PDU and use the headers PCI to know the blocks SDU 2RLC Protocols(Contd)RLC FunctionsRLC3-PaddingData to be transmitted does not fill an entire RLC SDU of given size, The remainder of the data field is filled with padding bits.RLC SDURLC PCIdata 1RLC PDUSDU 1Dummy bits4-Transfer of user dataRLC supports data transfer in the below modes Acknowledged ModeUnacknowledged ModeTransparent ModeUser dataRLCRLC PDUPayloadRLC PCIRLC PDURLC PDUPayloadRLC PCIPayloadRLC PCIBuffer Buffer Buffer I have to put the data in buffer and Release it once I get ACK If get NACK I retransmit the data in the bufferRLC Protocols(Contd)RLC FunctionsRLCAcknowledged Mode (AM)Some data go through and get changed if Error happened Retransmission is requested (interactive PS data)Unacknowledged Mode (UM) Some data to through and get changed but no retransmissions happened (Streaming )User dataRLCPayloadRLC PCIRLC PDURLC PDUPayloadRLC PCITransparent Mode (TM).Some data go through and no change happened on it Signaling, AMR VoiceNo change happened to it As I designed it by 3GPP to feet the lower layers RLC Protocols(Contd)RLC Functions5-In-sequence delivery of upper layer PDUsUser dataRLCMAC SDURLC PDU1RLC PDURLC PDU23RLCMAC SDURLC PDU1RLC PDURLC PDU236-Duplicate detectionEnsures that PDU is delivered only once to the upper layer.

RLC Protocols(Contd)RLC Functions7-Error correctionThis function provides error correction by retransmission in the acknowledged data transfer mode.Operate in ACK mode 8-Flow controlKeep the data in buffer until the resources are ready (Control the rate of transmission)MAC(Medium Access control Protocol) Protocols

MAC C

MAC(Medium Access control Protocol) Protocols

Take data from RLC layer and put them on the Right transport channelLayer 2RLCMACLogical ChannelsTransport ChannelsMAC -DMAC -hsMAC -eCCCHBCCHPCCHRACHFACHPCHDTCHDCCHDCHMAC Architecture UE SideHS -DSCHE-DCHPhysical Layer

Channel CodingMultiplexingMapping to physical channelsSpreadingModulationAir interfaceTransport channelsPhysical Layer OverviewMapped to combination ofCarrier frequencyCodeThanks You