Skeletal System Lab 6, Axial Skeleton Orange = axial skeleton Yellow = appendicular skeleton.
Adaptations in birds and insects. Skeleton -Lightweight skeleton -Mostly thin and hollow bones.
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Transcript of Adaptations in birds and insects. Skeleton -Lightweight skeleton -Mostly thin and hollow bones.
Wings
- The upper arm is short and thick, for powering the wing beat
- The bend in the middle of the wing is actually the bird’s wrist.
- The last joint of the wing is like our hand, but it has only one finger bone.
- This holds all the long primary feathers used for flying.
Curved on the top, flat on the bottom to create lift
Tail
- The tail helps the bird with some lift and speed of flight and also with direction.
- Uses the tail like a ship uses a rudder, steers the bird
- Also keeps it balance.
Propulsion
Use their wings as the source of propulsion
With each motion the bird maintains flight
As the wings beat, the primary flight feathers actually twist to provide thrust
Feathers
Feathers are incredibly strong and yet are incredibly flexible. To allow both lift and forward movement, feathers can bend at almost a right angles.
Contour feathers: small feathers that cover the body, wings, and tail.
Flight feathers: feathers used in flight
Semi-plumes: feathers used to create shape for the bird and provide some warmth
Down feathers: soft under-feathers that provide insulation for warmth for a bird.
Bristles: feathers used as a touch sensor or funnel that make the bird reflexively snap up food.
What about penguins?
- Penguins have very small wings, yet are very heavy & fat.
- special bone structure and the blubber that they carry
- Penguin feathers are short and tight to keep water away from the skin and to create a smooth surface to lower drag.
- Flying birds have very different feathers that are fluffy to trap air for insulation
If lift becomes greater than the weight, the plane would …
If thrust becomes greater than the drag, the plane would…
If lift, weight, thrust and drag become equal, the plane would..
If thrust becomes less than drag, the plane would..
If lift becomes less than weight, the plane would…
In a flying airplane…