ENGLISH GRAMMAR

AFRA ASHIQUE 9E

VOICE

Voice is the quality of a verb which

indicates whether the subject acts or is

being acted upon.Two type of voices are

Active voice Passive voice

• In active voice the subject of the sentence does the action.

• The active voice is preferred for most type of business writing because it is shorter, more personal, and more forceful

• Example:-• I heated the solution• You made a mistake

Active Voice

PASSIVE VOICE

• In passive voice the subject of the sentence receives the action.

• The passive voice emphasizes the action being performed rather than the person doing the action

• The passive voice has two main uses:– To present ideas objectively

• (Showing that the results are more important than the person doing the work)

• Eg. “The surveys were tabulated.”

– To avoid using names or assigning blame• Eg.“An unfortunate error has occurred.”

Active versus PassiveActive Voice• More emphatic• More concise• Used as the general rule

Passive Voice• Used when you want to stress the importance of the

action or its recipient.• Used when the actor is unknown or irrelevant.

Subject ( Doer ) + Verb + Object

CONSTRUCTION OF THE ACTIVE VOICE

subject + modal verb + auxiliary verb (be) + main verb (past participle)

CONSTRUCTION OF THE PASSIVE VOICE

subject + auxiliary verb (be) + main verb (past participle)

Cat eat fish.Example:-

Example:- Fish is eaten by cat.

Example:- Fish must be eaten by cat.

Note : The active object becomes the passive subject.

Sentence Structures

CHANGING THE VOICE

ACTIVE VOICE

Active Subject

Active Verb

Direct Object

Robert gave a coin

byPassive Verb

Passive Subject

Agent

PASSIVE VOICEwas given by

CHANGING THE VOICE

RULES OF

The places of subject and object in sentence are inter-changed in passive voice.

Subject becomes object. Object becomes subject.

For example

Active: They collect eggs.

Passive: Eggs are collected by them.

Tense Active VoicePassive Voice

Simple Present

• Take• Takes

• Is taken• Are taken

Present Continuous

• Am taking • Is taking• Are taking

• Is being taken• Are being taken

Present Perfect

• Has taken• Have taken

• Has been taken• Have been taken

Tense Active Voice Passive Voice

Simple Past • Took • Was taken• Were taken

Past Continuous

• Was taking• Were taking

• Was being taken• Were being taken

Past Perfect • Had taken • Had been taken

TenseActive Voice

Passive Voice

Simple Future (will/shall)

• Will take

• Shall take• Will be taken

• Shall be taken

Simple Future (going to be)

• Am going to take a cake

• She is going to take two cakes

• They are going to take a cake

• Cake is going to be taken by me

• Two cakes are going to be taken by her

• Cake is going to be taken by them

Future Perfect • Will have taken

• Will have been taken

Active Voice Passive Voice

• I• We• You• He• She• It• They

• me• us• you• him• her• it• them

Commands :-

let + subject +be (not) +past participle

Active : Shut the door.

Passive : Let the door be shut.

Example:-

Example:-

Active : Kindly help him.

Passive : You are requested to help him.

Requests:-

HOW MUCH YOU KNOW

ABOUT TENSES??

Change the sentences below to the passive voice.

My uncle looks after me. I am looked after by my uncle.

Someone must have stolen the necklace.

The necklace must have been stolen by someone.

Inform the police. Let the police be informed.

The boys are running a race. A race is being run by the boys.

BY AFRA ASHIQUE

9E

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