Active and Passive VoiceActive and Passive Voice

ELİF ZEYREKELİF ZEYREK1090610172 – İÖP1090610172 – İÖP

TenseTense ActiveActive PassivePassive

Present Present simplesimple

They collect They collect the rubbish the rubbish every every MondayMonday

The rubbish The rubbish is collected is collected every every MondayMonday

Am / is / are Am / is / are + past + past participleparticiple

Present Present continuouscontinuous

They are They are building a building a roadroad

A road is A road is being builtbeing built

Am /is / are Am /is / are + being + + being + past past participleparticiple

Past Past simplesimple

Someone Someone stole the stole the moneymoney

The money The money was stolenwas stolen

Was / were Was / were + past + past participleparticiple

TenseTense ActiveActive PassivePassive

Past Past continuoucontinuouss

They were They were repairing repairing the roadthe road

The road The road was being was being reparedrepared

Was / were + Was / were + being + past being + past participleparticiple

Present Present perfectperfect

Someone Someone has has changed the changed the arrangemenarrangementt

The The arrangemenarrangement has been t has been changedchanged

Has / have + Has / have + been +past been +past participleparticiple

Past Past perfectperfect

Someone Someone had invited had invited meme

I had been I had been invitedinvited

Had + been + Had + been + past participlepast participle

TenseTense ActiveActive PassivePassive

WillWill They will They will publish the publish the book next book next yearyear

The book The book will be will be published published next yearnext year

Will + be + Will + be + past past participleparticiple

Going toGoing to I am going I am going to hold a to hold a meeting meeting

A meeting A meeting is going to is going to be heldbe held

Going to + Going to + be + past be + past participleparticiple

Present Present modalsmodals

You can add You can add new things new things to projectto project

New things New things can be can be added to added to projectproject

Modal + be Modal + be + past + past participleparticiple

TenseTense ActiveActive PassivePassive

Past Past modalsmodals

You should You should have done have done this this yesterdayyesterday

This should This should have been have been done done yesterdayyesterday

Modal + Modal + have been have been + past + past participleparticiple

-Ing-Ing I don’t I don’t remember remember anyone anyone telling me telling me thisthis

I don’t I don’t remember remember being told being told thisthis

Being + Being + past past participleparticiple

InfinitiveInfinitive He wanted He wanted people to people to like himlike him

He wanted He wanted to be likedto be liked

To be + To be + past past participleparticiple

TenseTense ActiveActive PassivePassive

Perfect Perfect infinitiveinfinitive

Someone Someone seems to seems to have made a have made a mistakemistake

A A mistake mistake seems seems to have to have been been made.made.

To have To have been + been + past past participlparticiplee

Active ve passive Active ve passive yapının Türkçe’deki yapının Türkçe’deki karşılığı, etken ve karşılığı, etken ve edilgen yapıdır.edilgen yapıdır.

Active yani etken Active yani etken cümlenin öznesi, cümlenin öznesi, cümledeki eylemi cümledeki eylemi gerçekleştirendirgerçekleştirendir

When rewriting active sentences in When rewriting active sentences in passive voice ;passive voice ;

1. The object of the active sentence 1. The object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive becomes the subject of the passive sentence sentence

2. The finite form of the verb is 2. The finite form of the verb is changed (changed (to beto be + past participle) + past participle)

3. The subject of the active sentence 3. The subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped) sentence (or is dropped)

Ahmet waited for the busAhmet waited for the bus

The bus was waited by AhmetThe bus was waited by Ahmet

objectsubject

subject

Aynı cümlenin zamanlara göre çekimi şu şekildedir:Aynı cümlenin zamanlara göre çekimi şu şekildedir:

SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT

Ahmet waits the bus. ActiveAhmet waits the bus. Active

The bus is waited by AhmetThe bus is waited by Ahmet Passive Passive

Subject

Object

Subject

Present Continuous:Present Continuous:

Ahmet is waiting the bus. Ahmet is waiting the bus.

ActiveActive

The bus is being waited by Ahmet The bus is being waited by Ahmet

PassivePassive

Future:Future: AHMET AHMET

Ahmet will wait the bus. – ActiveAhmet will wait the bus. – Active

The bus will be waited by Ahmet. – PassiveThe bus will be waited by Ahmet. – Passive

Be going to:Be going to:

Ahmet is going to wait the bus. – Active Ahmet is going to wait the bus. – Active

The bus is going to be waited by Ahmet. –The bus is going to be waited by Ahmet. –Passive Passive

Simple Past:Simple Past:

Ahmet waited the bus. – ActiveAhmet waited the bus. – Active

The bus was waited by Ahmet. – PassiveThe bus was waited by Ahmet. – Passive

Simple Past Continuous:Simple Past Continuous:

Ahmet was waiting the bus. – ActiveAhmet was waiting the bus. – Active

The bus was being waited by Ahmet. – The bus was being waited by Ahmet. – PassivePassive

Present Perfect:Present Perfect:

Ahmet has waited the bus. – ActiveAhmet has waited the bus. – ActiveThe bus has been waited by Ahmet. – The bus has been waited by Ahmet. –

PassivePassive

Past Perfect:Past Perfect:

Ahmet had waited the bus. – Active Ahmet had waited the bus. – Active The bus had been waited by Ahmet – The bus had been waited by Ahmet –

PassivePassive

Future Perfect:Future Perfect:

Ahmet will have waited the bus. – ActiveAhmet will have waited the bus. – Active

The bus will have been waited by Ahmet. – The bus will have been waited by Ahmet. – PassivePassive

When do we use passiveWhen do we use passive

1.1. When the agent of the action is When the agent of the action is unknown:unknown:

Example:Example:

My wallet My wallet was stolenwas stolen last night. (we last night. (we don’t know who stole the wallet)don’t know who stole the wallet)

Example: My bike was stolen.Example: My bike was stolen.

In the example above, the focus is on In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know, however, who did it.not know, however, who did it.

22. . To be tactful by not To be tactful by not naming the actornaming the actor

Example: A mistake was made.Example: A mistake was made.

In this case, I focus on the fact that a In this case, I focus on the fact that a mistake was made, but I do not mistake was made, but I do not blame anyone (e.g. You have made a blame anyone (e.g. You have made a mistake.).mistake.).

3.3. When the agent is unimportant: When the agent is unimportant:

Example:Example:

The new students’ centre The new students’ centre was was completedcompleted last week. (the people last week. (the people who built the centre are unnecessary who built the centre are unnecessary information for the meaning of the information for the meaning of the sentence)sentence)

4. The agent is common 4. The agent is common knowledge, and mentioning it knowledge, and mentioning it would be redundant.would be redundant.

Example:Example:

George Bush George Bush was electedwas elected in 2000. in 2000.

5.5. To emphasize (put importance on) To emphasize (put importance on) the recipient (receiver) of the action:the recipient (receiver) of the action:

Example:Example:

a. Only Jane a. Only Jane was injuredwas injured in the in the accident; the remainder of the accident; the remainder of the passengers were unhurt.(we want passengers were unhurt.(we want Jane to be the subject of the Jane to be the subject of the sentence and at the beginning to sentence and at the beginning to emphasize her importance)emphasize her importance)

b. Erina b. Erina was chosenwas chosen as best student, as best student, and of course this made her happy. and of course this made her happy. (the (the teacherteacher who chose Erina is not who chose Erina is not what we want to emphasize)what we want to emphasize)

6. 6. To connect ideas in different To connect ideas in different clauses more clearly:clauses more clearly:

Example :Example :

The music was being played too loud The music was being played too loud by the students, who by the students, who were finally were finally askedasked to turn it down. to turn it down.

7.7. To make generic statements, To make generic statements, announcements, and explanations:announcements, and explanations:

a. Something a. Something should be doneshould be done about about the traffic jams in this town.the traffic jams in this town.

b.b. It's said It's said that it's going to rain that it's going to rain tonight.(Often, people will say, 'They tonight.(Often, people will say, 'They say that it's going to rain tonight', the say that it's going to rain tonight', the theythey being the weatherman.) being the weatherman.)

Active and Active and PassivePassive

Voice QuizVoice Quiz

1)Thomas feeds his dog. Active / Passive

2) The dog is fed by Thomas. Active / Passive

3) The family went to the beach. Active / Passive

4) The letter was written by Marshall. Active / Passive

5) The dog was hit by the car. Active / Passive

6) The problem was solved. Active / Passive

7) The stunt man risked his life. Active / Passive

8) The fire was extinguished. Active / Passive

9) The car was being cleaned by its owner.

Active / Passive

10) It gets cold here during the winter.

Active / Passive

Directions: Rewrite the passive voice sentences as active voice sentences.

Passive: The dog was hit by the car.

Active

The car hit the dog

Passive: The house will be built by the construction crew in five months.

Active

The construction

crew will built the house in five months

1.1. Everybody ___ by the terrible news yesterday.Everybody ___ by the terrible news yesterday.A)shockedA)shockedB)was shockedB)was shocked

2.2. Mr. Green ___ at the University since 1989.Mr. Green ___ at the University since 1989.A)has been teachingA)has been teachingB)has been taughtB)has been taught

3.3. Not much ___ about the accident since that Not much ___ about the accident since that time.time.A)has saidA)has saidB)has been saidB)has been said

4.4. A new book ___ by that company next year.A new book ___ by that company next year.A)will publishA)will publishB)will be published B)will be published

5. 5. He ___ the girl's name now.He ___ the girl's name now.A)remembersA)remembersB)is rememberedB)is remembered

6.6. The secretary ___ to her new boss yesterday.The secretary ___ to her new boss yesterday.A)introducedA)introducedB)was introducedB)was introduced

7. 7. Our plan ___ by the members of the committee.Our plan ___ by the members of the committee.A)is being consideredA)is being consideredB)is consideredB)is considered

8.8. He ___ responsible for the accident.He ___ responsible for the accident.A)was holdingA)was holdingB)was held B)was held

9.9. A prize ___ to whoever solves A prize ___ to whoever solves this equation.this equation.A)will be givingA)will be givingB)will be givenB)will be given

10. 10. When the manager arrived, When the manager arrived,

the problem __.the problem __.A)had already been solved.A)had already been solved.B)had already solved. B)had already solved.

THE ENDTHE END

PREPARED BYPREPARED BY

ELİF ZEYREKELİF ZEYREK