Acrylic solid surface
11
Nouryon is the world’s leading producer of organic peroxides for the curing of thermoset resins, coatings and specialty monomers. We’re home to the best known brands in the thermoset market, examples include Butanox ® , Cadox ® , Perkadox ® and Trigonox ® . We also have a whole range of auxiliary products, such as accelerators and promotors, to meet your specific production requirements. This application guide introduces you to our thermoset product portfolio and helps you find a suitable curing system for your specific application. Acrylic solid surface Acrylic Solid surface products are a type of cast polymer that utilizes high performance resins that do not require gel coating. Two types of resins can be used for solid surface; unsaturated polyester (UP) resin and acrylic resin. This application guide covers the solid surface based on acrylic resin cured at elevated temperature. Applications Kitchen counter tops, sink basins, vanity tops, shower surrounds. Acrylic solid surface products have superior stain resistance and UV stability to that of polyester. Products based on acrylic resins also can sometimes be thermoformed. General composition 30-40 wt% Acrylic resin i.e. Methyl Methacrylate (MMA) Syrup 60-70 wt% Fillers such as ATH and color chips 5% additives such as pigments Process The resin is mixed under vacuum with organic peroxides, pigments, and fillers to produce a flowable slurry which is poured into a mold to form the desired product shape. . Processing can vary from simple batch mixing to sophisticated continuous meter/ mixing. After filling the mold is closed and the reaction mass is heated up to approx. 80°C. Reason for our products • High quality • Good aftersales and technical service • Intensive safety research • Worldwide distribution • Customized application research: special formulated products for an optimal performance in this application Elevated temperature cure Application data and cure data Acrylic solid surface
Transcript of Acrylic solid surface
Nouryon is the world’s leading producer of organic peroxides for the curing of thermoset resins, coatings and specialty monomers. We’re home to the best known brands in the thermoset market, examples include Butanox®, Cadox®, Perkadox® and Trigonox®. We also have a whole range of auxiliary products, such as accelerators and promotors, to meet your specific production requirements.
This application guide introduces you to our thermoset product portfolio and helps you find a suitable curing system for your specific application.
Acrylic solid surfaceAcrylic Solid surface products are a type of cast polymer that utilizes high performance resins that do not require gel coating. Two types of resins can be used for solid surface; unsaturated polyester (UP) resin and acrylic resin.
This application guide covers the solid surface based on acrylic resin cured at elevated temperature.
ApplicationsKitchen counter tops, sink basins, vanity tops, shower surrounds.
Acrylic solid surface products have superior stain resistance and UV stability to that of polyester. Products based on acrylic resins also can sometimes be thermoformed.
General composition30-40 wt% Acrylic resin i.e. Methyl Methacrylate (MMA) Syrup 60-70 wt% Fillers such as ATH and color chips5% additives such as pigments
ProcessThe resin is mixed under vacuum with organic peroxides, pigments, and fillers to produce a flowable slurry which is poured into a mold to form the desired product shape. . Processing can vary from simple batch mixing to sophisticated continuous meter/mixing. After filling the mold is closed and the reaction mass is heated up to approx. 80°C.
Reason for our products • High quality • Good aftersales and technical service • Intensive safety research • Worldwide distribution • Customized application research:
special formulated products for an optimal performance in this application
Elevated temperature cure
Application data and cure data
Acrylic solid surface
2Acrylic solid surface
Cure temperaturesElevated cure ranging from 60 to 90°C normally around 80°C.The initiating peroxide of choice for this application is Perkadox 16 powder.
Perkadox 16 is a unique product!Perkadox 16 has an activation temperature of only 40°C and at the same time allows for storage at max. 20°C. The combination of such high curing speed and such storage conditions is unique and only found with Perkadox 16. Furthermore Perkadox 16 cures colorless which is key for sanitary products.
Cure systemFor elevated temperature cure, a common cure system is based on Perkadox 16 which is a peroxydicarbonate. Perkadox 16 is temperature activated and does not require an accelerator.
Perkadox 16 is a powder and can easily be handled and stored. If a NFPA Class II storage class is required, Perkadox 16-GB70 can be equally effective. If a liquid system is preferred, Perkadox 16-40XPS is a 40% active viscous suspension which has a NFPA Class III storage class.
Perkadox 16 has an activation temperarture of 40°C. A process temperature of approximately 30 to 40°C higher would normally enable short cycle times. During the cure, exothermic heat will enable swift conversion of all monomers which is essential for low odor end products.
The cure is typically accelerated with a secondary peroxide in used in combination with Perkadox 16. Trigonox C or Trigonox 21S are two common secondary peroxides used.
PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION PEROXIDE CONTENT TS MAX. (°C)
Perkadox 16 Powder grade 96% 20
Perkadox 16-GB70 NFPA Class II grade powder 70% 20
Perkadox 16-40XPS Pumpable suspension 40% 20
Trigonox C Secondary peroxide to be combined with Perkadox 16 98% 25
Trigonox 21S Secondary peroxide to be combined with Perkadox 16 97% 20
Curing recipeA common cure system for acrylic solid surface based on Perkadox 16 follows showing cure speed at 55 and 75°C. All versions of Perkadox 16 should be adjusted to provide the same concentration (phr) of active peroxide.
Acrylic resin syrop (parts) 100 100 100 100
Perkadox 16 (active phr) 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7
Trigonox 21S (phr) 0.1 0.1
Trigonox C (phr) 0.1
1% Cobalt (phr) 0.1
t/T-curve at 55°C
Geltime (mi.n) 28 32 32 30
Min. cure time /cycle time (min.) 32 35 36 34
Peak exotherm (°C) 91 88 88 91
t/T-curve at 75°C
Geltime (min.) 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.1
Min. cure time / cycle time (min.) 5.5 6.3 6.2 5.8
Peak exotherm (°C) 1) 132 121 125 129
1) A high peak exotherm may sometimes lead to formation of bubbles which are cause by boiling MMA just prior to gelling. Un such case the peak exotherm should be adjusted by reducing the intake Perkadox 16 and adding a small amount of Trigonox C or Trigonox 21S instead. In that case the cycle time will increase a bit.
3Acrylic solid surface
The dosage level of Trigonox C or Trigonox 21S is usually no more than 0.1 phr as it is only needed to finalize the cure and reduce the residual monomer.
To speed up the cure a small amount of Cobalt accelerator can be added to the formulation. Cobalt will reduce the activation temperature of Trigonox C and Trigonox 21S and lead to faster cure.
When using either Perkadox 16-GB70 or Perkadox 16-40XPS, the intake levels should be adjusted to deliver the same amount of active Perkadox 16.
4Acrylic solid surface
Cure data
Perkadox 16 is not suitable for the production of clear - castings or - coatings, due to a slight haze in the end product. In this case, Perkadox 16S can be advised.
Perkadox 16 shows a high reactivity at elevated temperatures, which is demonstrated by its low activation temperature, in combination with a relatively long pot life at ambient temperatures.
Perkadox 16 is mostly used in combination with a low reactive peroxide to ensure a good final cure. Combinations of Perkadox 16 with e.g. Trigonox C, Trigonox 29-B50, Trigonox 21 or Perkadox CH-50X can therefore successfully be used for those applications where a long gel time or production time is required at room temperature in combination with a fast cure at elevated temperatures of e.g. 60-140°C. Applications area can be: pultrusion, filament winding, manufacturing of artificial marble.
DosingDepending on working conditions, the following application characteristics were determined:
* (parts per hundred resin)
Cure characteristicsIn a high reactive standard orthophthalic polyester resin the following application characteristics were determined:
Activation temperature1 phr Perkadox 16 40°C
Gel times at 100°C1 phr Trigonox C 10min.1 phr Trigonox C + 0.5 phr Perkadox 16 2 min.1 phr Trigonox C + 1.0 phr Perkadox 16 1.2 min.
Pot life at 20°C1 phr Perkadox 16 2 days1 phr Trigonox C 56 days1 phr Trigonox C + 0.5 phr Perkadox 16 8 days1 phr Trigonox C + 1.0 phr Perkadox 16 2 days
Perkadox 16Perkadox 16 is a solid peroxydicarbonate which is used for the curing of unsaturated polyester resins and methacrylic resins mainly in the temperature range of 60°C and higher.
Perkadox 16as such1 - 2 phr *
Perkadox 16as kicker0.5 - 1 phr
5Acrylic solid surface
Time-temperature curves at elevated temperaturesTime-temperature curves have been determined at 60°C, 100°C and 140°C to demonstrate the use of Perkadox 16 as kicker in pultrusion applications. From the curves the time to peak was calculated as an indication for the cure speed.
TIME TO PEAK AT
60°C(HOURS)
100°C(MIN.)
140°C(MIN.)
1 phr Trigonox 29-B50 5.5 7.7 2.8
1 phr Trigonox 29-B50 + 1 phr Perkadox 16 0.25 2. 1.4
1 phr Trigonox C 24 13.5 3.5
1 phr Trigonox C + 1 phr Perkadox 16 0.25 2.1 1.4
6Acrylic solid surface
Trigonox C is preferred for the curing of UP resin based Hot Press Molding formulations (SMC, BMC etc.) in the temperature range of 120-170°C.
Trigonox C can also be used in combination with high reactive peroxides like Perkadox 16 or Trigonox HM as kicker in formulations for pultrusion in the temperature range of 100-150°C.
In combination with a cobalt accelerator (e.g. Accelerator NL-53NN, 10% cobalt), Trigonox C is also applicable for the cure of UP resins in the temperature range of 70°C and higher. Application area can be: air drying lacquers, diplacquers, filament winding, etc.
DosingDepending on application and working conditions, the following peroxide and when applicable cobalt accelerator dosage levels are recommended:
* (parts per hundred resin)
Cure characteristics in pure UP resinIn a high reactive standard orthophthalic UP resin the following application characteristics were determined:
Activation temperature1 phr Trigonox C 80°C1 phr Trigonox C + 0.1 phr Acc. NL-53N 70°C
Pot life at 20°C1 phr Trigonox C 56 days1 phr Trigonox C + 0.1 phr Acc. NL-53N 17 days
For the application at elevated temperatures the following data determined in 25 g pure UP resin can be used as an indication of the reactivity:
Time-Temperature curves at 90°C
GEL TIMEMIN.
TIME TO PEAKMIN.
PEAK EXOTHERM(°C)
1 phr Trigonox C 9 25 236
1 phr Trigonox C + 0.1 phr Accelerator NL-53N 2 6 258
Trigonox C
Trigonox C, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, is an aromatic perester, which is used for the curing of unsaturated polyester resins at elevated temperatures.
Trigonox C
1 - 2 phr *
Accelerator NL-53N
0.1 - 0.6 phr
7Acrylic solid surface
Cure characteristics in Hot Press MoldingIn a standard Hot Press Molding compound based on a high reactive orthophthalic polyester resin with calciumcarbonate as filler and magnesium oxide as thickening agent, the following application characteristics were determined:
Shelf life at 30°C not pigmented + 5 phr iron oxide black1 phr Trigonox C 47 days 17 days
Platengel time Mold temperature 120°C 140°C1 phr Trigonox C 85 sec. 22 sec.
For more information about the performance of the peroxide in the HPM application reference can be made to the technical bulletin ‘Initiators for UP Resin molding compounds’.
8Acrylic solid surface
Trigonox 21S is preferred for the curing of UP resin based Hot Press Molding formulation (such as SMC and BMC) in the temperature range of 120 - 160°C. As Trigonox 21S is a high reactive peroxide, it is very suitable as a kicker in formulations for pultrusion and SMC/BMC.
In combination with a cobalt accelerator, Trigonox 21S is also applicable for the cure of UP resins in the temperature range of 60°C and higher. Application area can be air drying lacquers, diplacquers, wall panels, filament winding, etc.
Trigonox 21S has normally a much shorter pot life in the pure resin than Trigonox C, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate
DosingDepending on working conditions, the following dosage levels are recommended:
* (parts per hundred resin)
Cure characteristics in pure UP resinIn a high reactive standard orthophthalic UP resin the following application characteristics were determined:
Activation temperature1 phr Trigonox 21S 60°C1 phr Trigonox 21S + 1 phr Acc. NL-49PN 50°C
Pot life at 20°C1 phr Trigonox 21S 22 days1 phr Trigonox C 56 days1 phr Trigonox 21S + 1 phr Acc. NL-49PN 5 days1 phr Trigonox C + 1 phr Acc. NL-49PN 17 days
For the application at elevated temperatures the following reactivity data give an idea of the performance:
Time-Temperature curves at 70°C and 90°C
CURE TEMPMIN
GEL TIMEMIN.
TIME TO PEAKMIN.
PEAK EXOTHERM(°C)
1 phr Trigonox 21S 70 9 16 233
1 phr Trigonox 21S + 1 phr Accelerator NL-49PN 70 3 5 214
1 phr Trigonox 21S 90 1 6 258
1 phr Trigonox 21S + 1 phr Accelerator NL-49PN 90 0.3 1.5 240
Trigonox 21S
Trigonox 21S, tert-butyl peroxy 2 ethylhexanoate, is a perester which is used for the curing of unsaturated polyester resin at elevated and high temperatures.
Trigonox 21S
1 - 2 phr *
Accelerator NL-49PN
0.5 - 3 phr
9Acrylic solid surface
Cure characteristics in Hot Press MoldingIn a standard Hot Press Molding (HPM) compound based on a high reactive orthophthalic polyester resin with calcium carbonate as filler and magnesium oxide as thickening agent, the following application characteristics were determined:
Shelf life at 30°C
not pigmented + 5 phr iron oxide black1 phr Trigonox 21S 14 days 4 days1 phr Trigonox C 47 days 7 days
Platengel time Mold temperature 120°C 140°C
1 phr Trigonox 21S 13 s 5 s1 phr Trigonox C 85 s 22 s
Minimum Molding timeMeasured in a 4 mm cup shaped molding at 140°C.
1 phr Trigonox 21S 15 s1 phr Trigonox C 60 s
For more information about the performance of the peroxide in the HPM application, reference can be made to the technical bulletin ‘Initiators for UP Resin molding compounds’.
10Acrylic solid surface
Contact us
Additional informationProduct Data Sheets (PDS) and Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for our polymerization initiators are available at www.nouryon.com
All information concerning this product and/or suggestions for handling and use contained herein are offered in good faith and are believed to be reliable. Nouryon, however, makes no warranty as to accuracy and/or sufficiency of such information and/or suggestions, as to the product’s merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose, or that any suggested use will not infringe any patent. Nouryon does not accept any liability whatsoever arising out of the use of or reliance on this information, or out of the use or the performance of the product. Nothing contained herein shall be construed as granting or extending any license under any patent. Customer must determine for himself, by preliminary tests or otherwise, the suitability of this product for his purposes. The information contained herein supersedes all previously issued information on the subject matter covered. The customer may forward, distribute, and/or photocopy this document only if unaltered and complete, including all of its headers and footers, and should refrain from any unauthorized use. Don’t copy this document to a website.
Butanox, Laurox, Nouryact, Nourytainer, Perkadox and Trigonox are registered trademarks of Nouryon Functional Chemicals B.V. or affiliates in one or more territories.
© June 2021
For product inquiry and ordering information, please contact your Nouryon account manager or regional Nouryon sales office.
US and other countries
Citadel Center
131 S Dearborn St, Suite 1000
Chicago IL 60603-5566
USA
T +1 800 828 7929 (US only)
Mexico
Av. Morelos No. 49
Col. Tecamachalco
Los Reyes La Paz Estado de Mexico
C.P. 56500 Mexico
T +52 55 5858 0700
Brazil
Rodavia Nouryon no. 707
Portão A – Planta C
Bairro São Roque da Chave
13295-000 Itupeva - São Paulo
Brazil
T +55 11 4591 8800
Americas
France, Italy, Spain and Portugal
Autovia de Castelldefels, km 4.65
08820 El Prat de Llobregat
Barcelona
Spain
T +34 933 741991
IndiaNorth Block 801, Empire Tower,Reliable Cloud City Campus,Off Thane – Belapur RoadAiroli, Navi Mumbai - 400708IndiaT +91(0) 22 68426700E [email protected]
Middle East
Silicon park, Building A6
Office no 402, 4th floor
Dubai Silicon Oasis
Dubai
United Arab Emirates
T +971 4 2471500
Europe, India, Middle East and Africa
Russia and CIS
Smolnaya Str., 24D,
Commercial Tower Meridian
125445 Moscow
Russia
T +7 495 766 16 06
Other countries
Zutphenseweg 10
7418 AJ Deventer
The Netherlands
Asia Pacific
Room 2501 & 26F, Building A
Caohejing Center
No. 1520 Gumei Road, Xuhui District
Shanghai 200233
P.R. China
T +86 21 2289 1000
nouryon.com
Nouryon is a global, specialty chemicals leader. Markets and con-
sumers worldwide rely on our essential solutions to manufacture
everyday products, such as personal care, cleaning goods, paints
and coatings, agriculture and food, pharmaceuticals, and building
products. Furthermore, the dedication of more than 9,700 employ-
ees with a shared commitment to our customers, business growth,
safety, sustainability and innovation has resulted in a consistently
strong financial performance. We operate in over 80 countries
around the world with a portfolio of industry-leading brands. Visit our
website and follow us @Nouryon and on LinkedIn.
