Acknowledgement of Geographical Regional Division (e.g. Regionalization)

Acknowledgement of Geographical Regional Division (e.g. Regionalization)Acknowledgement of Geographical Regional Division (e.g. Regionalization)

Interaction of Geographical Elements (e.g. Land degradation)Interaction of Geographical Elements (e.g. Land degradation)

Part 2 Process of China GeographyPart 2 Process of China Geography

Evolvement of Geographical Environment （ e.g. Fluctuation of sea-land ） Evolvement of Geographical Environment （ e.g. Fluctuation of sea-land ）

Global change and regional response Global change and regional response

Procedure of AcknowledgementProcedure of Acknowledgement

3.6billion

67million

0.17million

North China

platform

North China

platform Rudimentof

physiognomy

Rudimentof

physiognomy

Modernphysiognomy

Modernphysiognomy

Appearance of ancient humanAppearance of ancient human

Three majornatural regions

Three majornatural regions

6thousand

Evolvement of pure

natural environment

Agricultural developmentAgricultural development

19491736

Yrsbefore A.D.

Now Future

Industrialization-UrbanizationIndustrialization-UrbanizationEvolvement of farm belts

Evolvement of farm belts

Land degeneration and ecological construction Land degeneration and ecological construction

Evolvementof

natural environment

with human

activities

Natural hazards and disaster reduction Natural hazards and disaster reduction

Evolvement of physical-human environment

Evolvement of human-physical environment

Acknowledgement of regionalization

Population -Food –Farmland change Population -Food –Farmland change

Evolvement of economic regions Evolvement of economic regions

Chapter 3 Evolvement of Natural Environment of ChinaChapter 3 Evolvement of Natural Environment of China

Chapter 4 Land Degradation and Natural Hazards in ChinaChapter 4 Land Degradation and Natural Hazards in China

Chapter 5 Urbanization and Economic Pattern Change in ChinaChapter 5 Urbanization and Economic Pattern Change in China

Chapter 6 Acknowledgement of Regionalization of China GeographyChapter 6 Acknowledgement of Regionalization of China Geography

CAI CAI DiscussionDiscussionReportReport

Content 2

Chapter 3 Evolvement of Natural Environment in China

Chapter 3 Evolvement of Natural Environment in China

Section 1Section 1

Section 2Section 2

Section 3Section 3

CAI

Traditional Features in BNU Difficulties

Development of Ancient Environment in Paleozoic Era. and before in China

Formation of Modern Natural Environment in China

Cases of Climate Fluctuation and Natural Environment Evolvement during Holocene in China

CAICAI1st key point: Interface Design

2nd key point: Types of Cartoon Explaining Geographical Process

3rd key point ： Combination of Graphs and Maps

General teaching method——Teaching yourself

General teaching method——Teaching yourself

Professor Zhou Tingru

He was born in Xindeng County of Zhejiang Province on Feb. 15th of 1909,Died on Jul. 18th of 1989.

He was the department director and professer in BNU,academician of CAS.

He was the founder and exploiter of Palaeogeography. BNU press published Zhou Tingru Anthology in 1992.

This book introduced his academic life and key researches. And also represented the theory ,method and research

results of Palaeogeography.

Section 1 Development of Ancient Environment in Paleozoic Era. and before in

China

Section 1 Development of Ancient Environment in Paleozoic Era. and before in

China

Demonstration by CAI

1. Ancient Environment in Early Paleozoic Era. and before1. Ancient Environment in Early Paleozoic Era. and before

3. Ancient Environment in Mesozoic Era.3. Ancient Environment in Mesozoic Era.

2. Ancient Environment in Late Paleozoic Era. 2. Ancient Environment in Late Paleozoic Era.

4. Ancient Environment of the Tertiary Period in Mesozoic Era.4. Ancient Environment of the Tertiary Period in Mesozoic Era.

1. Ancient Environment in Early Paleozoic Era. and Before1. Ancient Environment in Early Paleozoic Era. and Before

Development of Paleo-geographical Environment in Early Paleozoic and Before

Evolvement of Ancient Natural Environment and Regional Difference

Platform and Ancient Marine Environment in ChinaOld core Platform of north(2.6-3.6billion years ago)

Development of Paleo-geographical Environment in Early Paleozoic and BeforePlatform and Ancient Marine Environment in China


•Tectonic movement with land enlargement centralized

North China platform

Sino-Korea platform

Ancient China platform

Sea-land distribution at late-Mesoproterozoic in China

LandLand surface seaTrough

Development of Paleo-geographical Environment in Early Paleozoic and BeforePlatform and ancient marine environment in China

Ancient marine environment

Varanger-Marinoan Ice Ages


Reductive Environment

Ocean

Land

Bacteria

Non-biology

Fe( )Ⅱ

Quartzite containing Fe

Oxidation environment

Fe(III) (Hematite)

Algal-bacterial

Sediment of Si and Fe

Trilobites

Fish

Crustal movement, shallow water, semi - freshwater environment,

animals prepared landing

Postglacial period

Invertebrate including Ca developed

Main iron ages: Anshan (Liaoning), Xuanlong (Hebei)

Temperature decreasedCaCO3 solubility increased

Temperature increasedCaCO3 over saturation

Varanger-Marinoan Ice Ages

Sea pen

Development of Paleo-geography in Late Paleozoic Era.

Development ancient Asian continent

Ancient China

Continent is

connectedwith

Siberia platform

in Triassic period

Sea-land distribution at late-Paleozoic in China

2. Ancient Environment in Late Paleozoic Era. 2. Ancient Environment in Late Paleozoic Era.

Land(erosion region)Land(sedimentary region)Sea bed upliftRemaining seaLand surface seaTrough


Development of Paleo-geography in Late Paleozoic Era.

Natural environment in continent


Semitropical climate was very wet and hot;Fern, gymnosperm and amniote developed;

Carboniferous and Permian were the main coal forming periods.

三、中国中生代古地理环境发展过程3. Ancient Environment in Mesozoic Era.3. Ancient Environment in Mesozoic Era.

Development of Paleo-geography in Mesozoic Era.,when initial physiognomy is formed

Tectonic movement Late Paleozoic Indosinian movement (Late Triassic Period)

Yanshan movement( Jurassic Period

and Cretaceous Period)Sea-land Distribution of Yanshan Movement

LandLand(presuming plain region)Epicontinental sea Trough


Change from north-south difference to east-west

difference,Forming the east-west

difference with the boundary of

Helan Mts.(Rudiment of

modern relief difference)East-high, West-low,

Himalaya and Taiwan were oceans in that period.

Formation:Fault Depression Basins were

in ancient Daxinanling-Taihang Mts.-Xuefeng Mts. and their east.

Tethys

Ancient Kunlun Mts.

Helan M

ts.

Ancient Qingling Mts. Ancient X

uefeng Mts.

Daxinanling

Ancient-T

aihangM

ts.

Huge development of biological universe Warmness and huge change of humidity



From gymnosperm to angiosperm-key coal forming period;Amphibian-crawler-birds developed;

Crawler takes dominant position in land.

Red rock series accumulated in basins and depressions;Gypsum and salt sediment in south China of Triassic;

Warm and humid in Jurassic-key coal forming period


Two Chief Natural Belts (Jurassic Period and Cretaceous Period)

Continental climate, rich in ginkgo plant

Marine climate, rich in fern plant

Ancient Kunlun Mts.

Ancient Qingling Mts.


四、中国新生代第三纪古地理环境发展过程4. Ancient Environment of the Tertiary Period in Mesozoic Era.4. Ancient Environment of the Tertiary Period in Mesozoic Era.

Formation of modern natural geographical environment of China at Tertiary Period

Distribution of Natural Belts in Early Tertiary Period

Modern natural geographical environment of China at early Tertiary Period

GypsumSaltCoal Oil shale


Characteristics:The earth's crust was stable, peneplane;

Climate was warm and hot, controlled by planetary wind system;

Red weathering crust developed extensively;Three latitude-direction natural belts;

Mammal developed.

1.Northern humid warm temperate, evergreen broadleaved forest

and deciduous broadleaved forest2.Middle arid subtropical,sparse broadleaved forest,

woodland 3.Southern humid tropical,

subtropical forest

Mammal Developed

Formation of modern natural geographical environment of China at Tertiary Period

Crustal deformation and natural belt transformation at Late Tertiary Period

Himalayan movement: setting shape of modern physiognomy

Enlargement of sea-land monsoon circle but weakening of planetary wind system circle

Formation of ancient monsoon(Sea-land monsoon)


Six Natural Belts

Formation of modern physical geographical environment of China at Tertiary Period

Crustal deformation and natural belt transformation at Late Tertiary Period

Distribution of natural belts in elate Tertiary Period

Three modern natural regions, the northwest, the east,

the Qinghai-Tibet plateau

GypsumSaltCoal Oil shalePalm


I. West arid and semi arid forest grassland and grassland areaII. East ancient monsoon broadleaved forest

II 1Temperate zone II 2 Warm temperate and subtropical zone

II 3 Subtropical zone II 4 Tropical zone and warm subtropical zone

III. Qinghai-Tibet Betula,quercus and shrubland vegetation zone

Acknowledgement of Geographical Regional Division (e.g. Regionalization)

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