ACIDS, BASES, & pHMAIN IDEAS1. ACIDS2. BASES3. pH SCALE4. BUFFERS

ObjectiveSWBAT explain the properties of acids and bases

utilizing indicators with the pH scale

to identify & define them.

IaN pg. 37

Don't find fault, find a remedy.- Henry

Ford

Polar Water molecules can react to form ions

hydrogenion

hydroxideion

Hydrogen & Hydroxide Ions form when water molecules are broken apart.

I. Acids/ AcidityA. pH < 7 (Smaller # = Stronger

Acid)

B. Taste sour, burn skin, react with carbonate (CO3), react with

metals producing H2, Turns litmus paper RED

C. Acids produce a H+ ions in reactions.1.

2. Acids Ionize H2O producing Hydronium

ionsH+ + H2O H30+

HCl H+ + Cl-Hydrochloric Acid

PRODUCTS

REACTANTS

A. pH > 7 (Larger # = Stronger Base)B. Taste bitter, burn skin, feels slippery,

Turns litmus BLUE

II. Bases / Alkalinity

C. Bases dissolve in H2O to produce Hydroxide ions.

NaOH Na+ + OH-

Sodium Hydroxid

e

Strongly Acidic

Strongly Basic

Neutral

III. pH Scale

• pH < 7 = acid and pH > 7 = baseMeasures concentration of Hydroxide & Hydronium Ions

OH- H30+

• pH of 7 has equal numbers of H+ and OH- ions so it is neutral

Buffers• Cells in human body need

to maintain a pH between 6.5 and 7.5• Buffers help prevent sharp

changes in pH• Buffers are weak acids and

weak bases

IV. Neutralization Reactions

1. Upset Stomach = Increased stomach acid

Antacid = BASE (TUMS) Stomach Acid + Tums (Base) WATER +

Salt

A. Mixtures of Acids & Bases produces neutral solutions (When their strengths are similar!)

PRODUCTS

REACTANTS

pH Scale

Increasing Strength

Neutral

Increasing Strength

Turn you IaN sideways & use the WHOLE page on IaN pg. 36