Acids and Esters

Organic Acids

• Also called carboxylic acids

• Functional group – Where in chain?

• Naming: Use HC root and add “oic acid” instead of ol

• Example: Ethanoic acid (acetic acid or vinegar)

C

O

OHCH3

C

O

OHCH3

Organic Acids

• Some have terrible smells– Butanoic acid (butyric acid) – rancid butter– Pentanoic acid (valeric acid) – vomit– 3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid – BO

• Dicarboxylic acids - monomers

• Alpha-hydroxy acids– Have alcohol group on carbon next to acid– Found in many foods– Also used for exfoliation

Esters

• Functional group is:– Where in chain?

• Naming: After common name of acid they come from with alkyl branch in front

• Example: ethyl acetate• No hydrogen bonding• Volatile• Nice smells• Nice flavors

C

O

O CH3CH2

CH3

C

O

O CH3CH3

Esters in Addition Polymers

• PMMA – polymethyl methacrylate (plexiglass)– Contact lenses and eyeglasses– Windows– Hospital incubators

Esters in Addition Polymers

• PVA – polyvinylacetate– Latex paints– Adhesives– Chewing gum

Large esters

• Form waxes– Lipstick– Ear wax– Ducks feathers

Acid + Alcohol = Ester

H18 – C6

• 5, 26, 29, 30, 31, 44, 48, 49, 51, 56

• Name all isomers