Acid rain powerpoint presentation[1]
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Transcript of Acid rain powerpoint presentation[1]
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WHAT IS ACID RAIN?WHAT IS ACID RAIN?
• Generally, rain water has a pH value of 5.6 because of the carbon dioxide from air dissolved in it.
• Any rainfall has a pH value less than 5.6 is defined as acid rain.
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• When gas pollutants e.g. sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide
dissolve in rain water, various acids are formed.CO2 + H2O H2CO3 (carbonic acid)SO2 + H2O H2SO3 (sulphorous acid)NO2 + H2O HNO2 (nitrous acid) +
HNO3 (nitric acid)
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CAUSES OF ACID RAINCAUSES OF ACID RAINSO2 : 70% NOx : 30%
X = 1 or 2
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FORMATION OF FORMATION OF ACID RAINACID RAIN
SO2
NOX
SMOKE FROM FACTORIES
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1.Vegetation1.Vegetation• Wash away essential nutrients
ions from soil• Poor growth of plants.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMSPROBLEMS
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2.Aquatic Life2.Aquatic Life
• Inflow of acidic water containing poisonous metal ions
• Kill the fish and water plants
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3. Building3. Building• Acid rain attacks the building
materials and causes corrosion.
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On-line ReferencesOn-line References
• http://igc.apc.org/acidrain/
• http://beakman.com/acid/acid.html
• http://qlink.queensu.ca/~4lrm4/
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Your TaskYour Task
• Your town council is commissioning a new statue to be displayed downtown. You and your lab partner will conduct an experiment to investigate the effect of acid rain on various building materials in order to make a recommendation to the town council as to the best material to use for the statue. In your experiment, vinegar (pH 3) will simulate acid rain.
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Research QuestionResearch Question
Of pea stone, red sandstone, and granite,
which material is the BEST for building a weather
resistant statute?
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HypothesisHypothesis
If pea stone, red sandstone, and granite are subjected to acid rain
(pH 3) then granite will deteriorate the least because it is the most resistant to weathering.
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Independent VariableIndependent Variable
Type of building material (pea stone, red sandstone, and
granite).
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Dependent VariableDependent Variable
Difference in Remaining Mass (grams)
(final mass of stone – initial mass of stone)
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Control GroupControl Group
Instead of acid rain test (submerge) the building materials (pea stone, red sandstone, and
granite) in tap (pure) water with a pH of 7.
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Variables that must be kept constant
• Same amount of time in the vinegar (24 hours).
• same amount of vinegar (100 mL), same mass of building material (20 g).
• same balance. • same brand of vinegar.• same size container/lid.
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Procedure
• Obtain a sample of each rock and record the mass of the sample in grams on the data table.
• Pour vinegar into each cup until the stone is completely covered.
• Let the stone sit for 24 hours. • Pour the vinegar out of each cup and mass the
stone. • Record the final mass of each type of stone in
the data table.• Subtract the original mass from the final mass of
each stone and record the data.
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Data TableData Table
Type of Stone Mass Day 1 (grams)
Mass Day 2 (grams)
Pea stone
Red Sandstone
Granite