Acid RainAcid Rain

By Kurt HoskinBy Kurt Hoskin

Formation of acidic or basic Formation of acidic or basic solutions from metal and non-solutions from metal and non-

metal oxidesmetal oxidesMetal OxidesMetal Oxides

CaO CaO Ca+2 + O-2 Ca+2 + O-2

O-2 + H20 O-2 + H20 2OH- 2OH-

Non-metal OxidesNon-metal Oxides

CO2 + H2O CO2 + H2O H2CO3 H2CO3

Acid Rain pH Conditions Acid Rain pH Conditions

In order for rain to In order for rain to be called Acid Rain, be called Acid Rain, it must have a pH it must have a pH lower than normal lower than normal rain, which has a rain, which has a pH of 5.6pH of 5.6

Normal Rain WaterNormal Rain Water

Normal rain has a pH of 5.6 with the CO2 Normal rain has a pH of 5.6 with the CO2 from non-human activityfrom non-human activity

Normal rain is actually carbonic acidNormal rain is actually carbonic acid

NOx NOx

2NO2 + H2O 2NO2 + H2O HNO3 + HNO2 HNO3 + HNO2

The main source of NOx’s is motor vehicle The main source of NOx’s is motor vehicle emissionsemissions

SOxSOx

Some sources of Some sources of SOx’s include coal-SOx’s include coal-fired power fired power generating stations generating stations and non ferrous and non ferrous ore smeltersore smelters

SO2 + H2O SO2 + H2O H2SO3 H2SO3

SO3 + H2O SO3 + H2O H2SO4 H2SO4

Environmental Problems caused Environmental Problems caused by Acid Rainby Acid Rain

Leaching of heavy Leaching of heavy metal ions into lakes metal ions into lakes on granitic strataon granitic strata

Aquatic life and Aquatic life and waterfowl waterfowl populations populations threatenedthreatened

Possible damage to Possible damage to human health, human health, crops, and forestscrops, and forests