A B U S E 1

Volume 24, Number 2 Division 28 - The American Psychological Association Summer, 1991

PRESIDENT'S LETTER

Klaus Miczek President, Division 28

Social Contract of Bychophannacologists

Support for and interest in psychopharmacology research comes from diverse sources, including some who are eager to develop more drugs and others whose mission is to re- duce, if not eliminate altogether, the use of drugs in our lives. Drugs are a mixed blessing, and most of our col- leagues in the American Psychological Association take a rather dim view of drugs in therapy, at most tolerating them as necessary evils. The current debate about prescription privileges for psychologists illustrates how objectionable chemical restraints and symptom management are for a therapist trying to get to the root of a complex disorder. These prejudices are not new, and psychopharmacologists have not succeeded in informing our skeptical colleagues and the community at large about the impressive insights into the detailed workings of environment-drug-behavior interactions that have accumulated during the past three decades.

Since the greatness and import of psychopharmacology as a field of inquiry and as a profession are not self-evident, it is essential for psychopharmacologists to demonstrate occasionally their raison d'etre. Just as review panels within our ivory towers or in our "invisible college" or in our grant- ing agencies desire to know what we have done lately, our curious practitioner colleagues and researchers in other life sciences need to be informed and periodically updated as to recent intriguing findings. Whether or not psychopharma- cology is a "hot" field, whether or not molecular biology is the "king's road" to insights and eventual therapeutic inter- vention in affective disorders, and how to link molecular, cellular, physiological and behavioral levels of inquiry into the complex interplay between environmental and genetic determinants of drug action throughout the life span are among the tough questions for science managers considering their portfolio. Will molecular genetics render behavioral

interventions for depression, alcoholism, or schizophrenia superfluous? With today's limited resources, such functional analysis of our behavioral and pharmacological interventions has to prove persuasively that it is worthy of support.

The governmental agencies that support psychopharma- cology research are again in the process of being reorgan- ized. Most significantly, the transfer of the research compo- nents of the ADAMHA institutes into the NIH structure (see page 2) will emphasize the managerial and budgetary split between service-targeted functions and research-oriented activities. How will clinical and basic behavioral research on drug abuse, alcoholism, and mental health survive in the NIH world? Considering the deemphasis and consequent exodus of behavioral research in the NIH during the past 10 years, there should be considerable concern and apprehension about support for behavioral pharmacology in the future. Treat- ments for individuals with dependencies for heroin, cocaine, nicotine, alcohol, and other psychoactive substances are experimental and in constant need of evaluation. Separating the treatment and research functions of ADAMHA runs the risk of reducing and delaying evaluative research and tech- nology transfer from basic research on medication to treat- ment units.

Congressional committees and the Secretary of Health and Human Services have to learn again about the value and benefit of psychopharmacological research, whether with human subjects or in animal preparations. Whenever large- scale bureaucratic reorganizations are instituted, the social contract between research scientists and the support agencies that execute the national health and science agenda has to be renegotiated. The essence of this negotiation is a demand for resources based on a demonstration of past performance. How feasible is the demand that those who manufacture and sell alcoholic beverages, tobacco products, or for that matter, certain antianxiety drugs support research into basic depend- ence processes and the necessary therapeutic interventions?

CONVENTION PROGRAM: SEE PAGES 3-6.

ADAMHA REORGANIZATION LIKELY

Legislation (S. 1306) has been introduced by Senators Kennedy and Hatch that would reorganize the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration (ADAMHA). The Act would separate the research and service programs now administered by ADAMHA and transfer the three ADAMHA research institutes (NIMH, NIDA, and NIAAA) to the National Institutes of Health. The legislation would reconstitute ADAMHA as the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Services Administration, which would consist of the Office for Substance Abuse Prevention, the Office for Treatment Improvement, and a new Office for Mental Health Services. Services research would be transferred to NIH with the research institutes. The bill would expand the purpose of NIMH to include the promotion of mental health, and the study of the psychological, social, and legal factors that influence behavior. In addition, the bill would create a medication development division within NIDA with broad authority to promote the development of anti-addiction medi- cations.

Science Directorate and other APA staff are developing, with input from members, an APA position on the proposed reorganization. For more information, call Andrea Solarz at (202) 955-7653.

ANIMALS IN RESEARCH

Hugh L. Evans Chair, Animals in Research

Neuroscientists Struggle with Primate Wellbeing

Many psychologists would have recognized the slippery concepts of "stress," "enrichment" and "optimal stimulation" that dominated a workshop on Wellbeing of Primates at the Society for Neuroscience meeting in October, 1990. At- tempts to quantify stress by defining it as a measurable bio- logical parameter (e.g., corticosteroid content of blood or urine) have not yielded consistent results. The problem, to this observer, is the circularity of the reasoning in this field that would not be tolerated in other fields of science. Stress is defined as any experimental maneuver that increases corti- sol level; then, the observation of a correlation between the supposed stress stimulus and the cortisol response is inter- preted as validating the definition of stress as a cortisol response. Problems arise when several, supposedly stressful, manipulations don't produce a reliable cortisol response.

D. Bowden (Univ. of WA) reported that steroid level exhibits a transient increase following many manipulations (tethering, change in cage size, blood sampling). Since

baseline level is recovered in 2-3 days, it is questionable that these procedures produce lasting "stress." The issue of pairing animals was discussed by V. Reinhardt (Univ. of WI), who began with the assumption that singly-housed macaques are "understimulated," and thus pairing them should provide "enrichment. " Unfortunately, the only crite- rion for beneficial effects was blood cortisol level. Since singly-housed males had the same cortisol levels as paired males, one might assume that pairing was ineffective in alter- ing stress, if one accepts cortisol level as defining stress. The paper by Crockett suggested pairing of females is feasi- ble because, although most fight and many fight hard enough to shed blood, these injuries "did not require medical atten- tion" and "were not stressful, since serum cortisol was not increased." A report by Line (Primate Newsletter 29:(4), 1990) termed the pairing of 5 macaques as "successful" because fighting was not so injurious as to require separation.

This observer has difficulty seeing how such fighting can be viewed as "successful" and "beneficial," when similar scratches and bites, if sufficient to draw blood, would be labeled as "cruel" if inflicted by a human rather than a conspecific. Research in this area must recognize the need for (1) a matched control group that does not receive the supposed "enrichment" but does receive increased human observation and measurement, (2) clearly defined outcome variables; many have been reluctant to define classes of behavior as "desirable" or "undesirable," but evaluation of the proposed manipulations is difficult without more rigorous outcome assessment. It does not seem advisable to rely on cortisol as an index of health and psychological wellbeing of primates. Changing cage size seems to have few, if any, effects that are lasting and measurable.

"SCIENCE, MEDICINE, AND ANIMALS"

Larry Byrd Yerkes Regional Primate Center, Emory University

An excellent source of information on the use of animals in research was published this year by the National Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Medicine. The document is entitled "Science, Medicine and Animals." Copies are avail- able from the National Academy Press, 2101 Constitution Ave. N.W., P.O. Box 285, Washington, DC 20055, or by calling (800) 624-6242. The document is outstanding, and it gives excellent bibliographic references to document the value of laboratory research with animals and its benefits to animals and humans. Anyone involved in laboratory re- search should have at least one copy available for reference. I recommend that laboratory heads provide a copy to each person in the laboratory. The document costs $5.00 each, or as little as $2.50 per copy in multiples of ten or more.

1991 APA PROGRAM SCHEDULE: DIVISION 28

THURSDAY, AUGUST 15,1991

7:00-11:00 pm (MARRIOTT, Pacific East). Executive Committee Meeting.

macotherapeutic Options, Chair: Robert Balster (Med. Coll. of VA).

5:00-550 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 220). Business Meeting, Chair: Klaus Miczek fHifts Univ.).

FRIDAY, AUGUST 16,1991 SATURDAY, AUGUST 17,1991

9:OO-10:50 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 200). Symposium: Dependence Potential of Caffeine in Humans, Chair: Steven

Heishman (NIDA ARC), Discussant: Jack Henningfield (NIDA

ARC), Participants: 1. Larry Chait (Univ. of Chicago), Subjective and

Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Caffeine; 2. Roland Griffiths (Johns

Hopkins Univ. School of Medicine), Suzette Evans (NIDA ARC),

Reinforcing Effects of Caffeine in Humans; 3. Suzette Evans (NIDA

ARC), Roland Griffiths (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medicine),

Physical Dependence on Caffeine; 4. David Sachs (Palo Alto Center

for Pulmonary Disease Prevention), Caffeine-Nicotine Interactions

during Nicotine Withdrawal; 5. John Hughes (Univ. of VT), How

Caffeine Dependence Influences the Diagnosis and Treatment of

Behavioral Disorders.

11:00-11:50 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 200). Invited Address: New Fellows I, Chair: Steven Fowler (UNV. of MS), Participants: 1.

May Kallman (Univ. of MS), Conditioned Tolerance and Dependence

to the Operant Effects of Benzodiazepines; 2. Brenna Bry (Rutgers

Univ.), Substance Abuse Prevention: Adolescent and Prenatal Prob-

lem-Solving and Explanatory Statements.

12:00-1250 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 222). Invited Address: James Barren (Lilly Research Laboratories), Anxiolytic Drugs: Novel

Developments, Chair: Roy Pickens (NIDA ARC).

1:OO-250 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 222). Symposium: Current Research on the Behavioral Pharmacology of Benzodiaze- pines, Chair: John Roache (Univ. of TX Health Science Center),

Discussant: Kimberly Kirby (Univ. of TX Health Science Center);

Participants: 1. Nancy Ator (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medi-

cine), Drug Reinforcement and Drug Discrimination with Benzodiaze-

pines in the Baboon; 2. John Roache (Univ. of TX Health Science

Center), Reinforcing and Stimulus Effects of Benzodiazepines in

Humans; 3. Richard Lister (NIAAA), Benzodiazepine-Induced Amne-

sia in Humans: A Comparison with other Amnesias; 4. Chris Sanner-

ud, Roland Griffiths (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medicine),

Assessment of Benzodiazepine Physical Dependence in Baboons.

3:00-350 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 220). Invited Address: Young Psychopharmacologist Award, Chair: Larry Byrd (Yerkes

Regional Primate Research Center). Recipient: Robert Mansbach

(Medical College of VA), A Startle Response Model of Sensorimotor

Gating Deficits in Schizophrenia.

4:OO-450 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 220). Presidential Address: Klaus Miczek P f t s U.), Aggression and Violence: Phar-

8:00-850 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 212). Symposium: The Etiology of Alcoholism: Definition of Risk Factors, Chair: Steven

Schandler (Chapman College), Discussant: Michael Cohen (VAMC,

Long Beach, CA), Participants: 1. Peter Finn (IN UNV.), Alcoholism Risk and Psychophysiological Correlates of Behavioral Inhibition

System Deficits; 2. Steven Schandler (Chapman Coll.), Alcoholism

Risk and Visuospatial Processing; 3. Vicki Pollock (USC), Subgroups

of Men at Risk for Alcoholism.

9:00-950 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 220). Invited Address: Herman Samson (Univ. of WA), Oral Alcohol Self-Administration in

the Rat: Environmental-Genetic Interactions, Chair: James Woods

(Univ. of MI Medical School).

10:OO-11:50 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 200). Symposium: Future Direction in the Treatment of Nicotine Addiction, Chair:

Dorothy Hatsukami (Univ. of MN), Discussant: Neil Grunberg

(USUHS); Participants: 1. Jack Henningfield, Caroline Cohen, John

Slade, Stephen Goldberg (NIDA ARC), Is Nicotine More Addictive

than Heroin or Cocaine? 2. Maxine Stitzer (Johns Hopkins Univ.

School of Medicine), Behavioral Treatment of Nicotine Addiction; 3.

Dorothy Hatsukami (Univ. of MN), Clinical Trials with Nicotine

Replacement Therapies; 4. Jed Rose, Edward Levin (VAMC, Durham,

NC), Primary Reinforcement in the Maintenance of Cigarette Smok-

ing; 5. John Hughes, Paul Newhouse (Univ. of VT), Nicotine as a

Treatment for Medical and Psychiatric Disorders.

12:00-1250 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 222). Invited Address: Ellen Gritz (UCLA), Smoking Cessation in Cancer Patients: Biologi-

cal, Clinical, and Behavioral Considerations, Chair: Sharon Hall

(VAMC, San Francisco).

1 :00-150 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 220). Symposium: Caffeine and Human Behavior, Chair: Mary Mays (USA Research

Institute of Environmental Medicine), Discussant: Hams Lieberman

(USA Research Institute of Environmental Medicine), Participants: 1.

John Gabrieli (Northwestern Univ.), Hams Lieberman (USA Research

Institute of Environmental Medicine), Dietary Dose Effects of Caffeine

on Performance, Mood, and Memory; 2. Larry Matteson, Paul Naitoh,

Timothy Elsmore, Tamsin Kelly, Steven Gomez (Naval Health Re-

search Center), Robert Rubin (UCLA), Caffeine Effects on Cortisol

Levels and Performance during Sleep Deprivation; 3. Kristen Ander-

son (Northwestern Univ.), Caffeine and Cognitive Performance: Data

and a Theoretical Model; 4. Thomas Sobotka (FDA), Science and

Regulatory Status of Caffeine as a Food Chemical.

1:OO-150 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 212). Symposium:

Cocaine Dependence: Behavioral and Pharmacological Treat- molts, Chair: John Grabowski (Univ. of TX Health Science Center),

Discussant: Richard Meisch (Univ. of TX Health Science Center),

Participants: 1. Kenzie Preston (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of

Medicine), A Laboratory Model for Testing Pharmacological Thera-

pies for Cocaine Abuse; 2. Ron Elk, Howard Rhoads, Kimberly

Kirby, John Grabowski (Univ. of TX Health Science Center), Behav-

ioral-Pharmacological Treatment of Cocaine Dependence; 3. Kimberly

Kirby, Robert Andres, Susan Landry, Howard Rhoades, Ron Elk,

John Grabowski (Univ. of TX Health Science Center), Behavioral

Treatments for Pregnant Cocaine and Opiate Abusing Women; 4.

Steven Higgins, Alan Budney, Dawn Delaney, Lisa Kent, Warren

Bickel, John Hughes (Univ. of VT), Community Reinforcement and

Contingency Management Treatment of Cocaine Dependence.

2:00-250 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 212). Invited Address:

George Koob (Research Institute of Scripps Clinic), The Neurobiology

of Drug Dependence: Evidence for an Opponent Process, Chair:

Klaus Miczek (Tufts Univ.).

3:00-350 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 212). Invited Address:

George Bigelow (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medicine), Medica-

tion Development for Drug Abuse Treatment: Clinical Research

Approaches, Chair: John Grabowski (Univ. of TX Health Science

Center).

4:OO-550 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Hall A). Poster Session and

Social Hour, (with Divisions 3, 6, 21, & 25). Participants: 1. Jane

Acri, Neil Grunberg (USUHS), A Psychophysical Task to Quantify

Smoking Cessation-Induced Irritability; 2. Toby Ansfield, Vincent

Adesso (Univ. of WI-Milwaukee), Bruce Christiansen (Blue Cross and

Blue Shield of WI), Likert or Not: Two Answer Formats for the

Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire; 3. Julian Azorlosa, Maxine Stitzer

(Johns Hopkins Univ. of the Health Sciences), Acute Physical Depend-

ence in Opiate-Experienced and Opiate-Naive Males; 4. Bertrand

Berger, Vincent Adesso (Univ. of WI-Milwaukee), Alcohol Expectan-

cy, Beverage Preferences and Consumption Patterns Among College

Students; 5. DJ Bobelis, RL Balster (VA Commonwealth Univ.),

Discriminative Learning with a Compound Drug and Exteroceptive

Stimulus; 6. Alan Budney, Stephen Higgins, John Hughes, Warren

Bickel (Univ. of VT), Assessment of Caffeine and Nicotine Use in

Cocaine Dependent Individuals; 7. Richard Campbell (Univ. of TX

Southwestern Medical Center), Sebastian Striefel (UT State Univ.),

Dennis Odell (Developmental Center for Handicapped Persons), Phyl-

lis Cole (UT State Univ.), Sunita Steward (Univ. of TX Southwestern

Medical Center), ADHD and UADD: Differential Effects of Stimulant

Medication; 8. Marilyn Carroll (Univ. of MN), Severity of Drug

Withdrawal Effects is Altered by Behavioral Economic Variables; 9.1.

Michael Chase and Stephen Fowler (Univ. of MS), Cocaine Differen-

tially Affects Enriched and Isolated Rats' Attentional Performance; 10.

Desmond Coen (Workers Compensation Board of British Columbia),

Defeated Humans Show Analgesia: Endogenous Opioids Implicated;

11. Caroline Cohen, Aleksandras Radzius, Eric Simmons, Jack Hen-

ningfield (NIDA ARC), Time Course of Buccal Nicotine Absorption;

12. Mark Egli, Don Cherek (Univ. of TX Health Science Center),

Secobarbital Effects on Humans' Lever Pressing Suppressed by

Response Contingent Point Loss; 13. Jane Ellis, C. Anne Patterson-

Barnett, Larry Byrd (Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center),

Characterizing Neurobehavioral Development in Monkeys Using

Modified Bayley and Brazelton Scales; 14. Maria Felix-Ortiz (Univ. of

CA), Michael Newcomb (USC), Protective and Risk Factors for Drug

Use: A Longitudinal Analysis; 15. Stephen Fowler, Patrick Hopkins,

J. Michael Chase, Mary Kallrnan, Candice Murphy-Farmer (Univ. of

MS), Cocaine Quickens the High-speed Forelimb Movements of

Enriched Rats; 16. David Gauvin, Frank Holloway (Univ. of OK

Health Sciences Center), Generalization of an Ecologically Relevant

Stimulus to the Pentylenetetrazole Cue; 17. David Gauvin, Frank

Holloway (Univ. of OK Health Sciences Center), Historical and

Environmental Factors in the Development of ETOH Conditioned

Place Preference (CPP); 18. Mary Gentile, Jesse Milhy (Univ. of AL),

An Investigation of Methadone Maintenance Detoxification Fear

Components; 19. Lawrence Greenfield, Robert Brooner, George

Bigelow (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medicine), Changes in Drug

Abusers' HN-1 Risk Behavior; 20. Stephen Heishman, Laura Rich-

ards, Jack Henningfield (NIDA ARC), Effect of Nicotine on Cognitive

and Psychomotor Performance in Nonsmokers; 21. Leonard Howell,

Larry Byrd (Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center), Chronic

Administration of D2-Selective Dopamine Antagonists Enhances Sensi-

tivity to Cocaine; 22. William Hunt, Rose Orozco (Claremont McKen-

na College), Reinforcing Effects of Caffeine via Cola; 23.

Thomas Kelly, Richard Foltin, Marian Fischman (Johns Hopkins

Univ. School of Medicine), Alcohol, Instructions and Aggressive

Behavior: Acute and Cumulative Dose Effects; 24. Julia Lee (The

Marin Institute for the Prevention of Alcohol and Other Drug Prob-

lems), Alcohol Intake and Alcohol Sensitivity: U-Shaped Curve for

Ethnic Groups; 25. Brian Levine, Mark Goldman (Univ. of S. FL),

Alcohol Expectancies, Imagined and in vivo Situations: Relationship to

Drinking Patterns; 26. Anthony Liguori (Boston Univ.), Ethanol as a

Forageable Commodity: Effects of Search Cost; 27. Robert Malow,

Tanya Bannister, Sheila Corrigan, A. Mark Calkins, Jose Pena (VA

Medical Center, New Orleans), Relationship of Anxiety, Depression,

and Drug Use to HIV Risk Behavior; 28. Robert Malow, Jeffrey West,

Sheila Comgan, Jose Pena, W. Criss Lott (VA Medical Center, New

Orleans), Psychopathology Differences Between Cocaine and Speed-

ball Users; 29. L. Stephen Miller, Charles Strople, James Griffin,

Elizabeth Jenkins, Suzanne Hasseltine, Thomas Lombardo, Stephen

Fowler (Univ. of MS), Caffeine and Time of Day Effects on Human

Physiological Tremor; 30. Carolyn Morse, Vincent Adesso (Univ. of

WI-Milwaukee), Family History and Alcohol Problems in Impulsive

and Nonimpulsive Individuals; 31. Ricardo Pellon, Jonathan Katz

(NIDA ARC), Scratching Induced by Dopamine D-2 Agonists in

Squirrel Monkeys; 32. DM Penetar, DR Thorne, UD McCann, JB

Fertig, ASD Schelling, ML Thomas, HC Sing, GL Belenky (Walter

Reed Army Institute of Research), Caffeine Effects on Alertness and

Performance Following Sleep Deprivation; 33. Craig Rush, Stephen

Higgins, Warren Bickel, John Hughes (Univ. of VT), Effects of Triaz-

olam and Lorazepam on Human Learning and Performance; 34. CA

Sannerud, AJG Alastra, PL Harger (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of

Medicine), Contingent Tolerance to Chlordiazepoxide (CDP) in Rats:

Differential Effects of Benzodiazepine (BZ) and Non-BZ Drugs; 35.

Kenneth Silverman, Kimberly Kirby, Roland Griffiths (Johns Hopkins

Univ. School of Medicine), Contextual Modulation of Human Stimu-

lant Self-Administration; 36. AW Stacy, MD Newcomb, PM Bentler

(UCLA), Cognitive Motivations, Sensation Seeking, and Drinking

Problems: A Longitudinal Study; 37. JM Stapleton, BCK Yung, ML

Spurgeon, MJ Morgan, RL Phillips, NG Cascella, JH Jaffe, DF

Wong, ED London (NLDA ARC and Johns Hopkins Medical Institu-

tions), Personality Characteristics in Substance Abuse and Relationship

to Physiological Parameters in Humans; 38. RE Steinpreis, KJ Mahan,

DJ Reser, JD Salamone (Univ. of CT), PCP-Induced Abnormal Social

Behavior: Possible Relation to Schizophrenic Pharmacology; 39. Dace

Svikis, Mary McCaul (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medicine),

Drug-free Outpatient Treatment: Changing Client Characteristics and

Outcome; 40. P Terry, JM Witkin, JL Katz (NIDA ARC), Changes in

the Stimulus Effects of Cocaine with Training Dose; 41. E Tirelli, JM

Witkin (NIDA ARC), Behavioral Rebound Hypersensitivity of Dopa-

minergic Function after Acute Cocaine; 42. Joseph Troisi, Thomas

Critchfield, Roland Griffiths (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medi-

cine), The Reinforcing and Subjective Effects of Buspirone and Lo-

razepam; 43. JA Vivian, KA Miczek (Tufts Univ.), Opioid Suppres-

sion of Male and Female Ultrasounds during Social Defeat; 44. Ellen

Walker, Alice Young (Wayne State Univ.), Comparison of Opioid

Agonists in Analgesia and Drug Discrimination Assays.

SUNDAY, AUGUST 18,1991

9:00-950 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 224). Invited Address: New Fellows 11, Chair: Nancy Ator (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of

Medicine), Participants: 1. Henry Marcucella (Boston Univ.) Ethanol

Consumption as a Function of Schedule of Access; 2. Timothy Schal-

lert (Univ. of TX at Austin), Neuronal Rescue and Plasticity Promo-

tion by Pharmacotherapy after Brain Damage.

10:00-1050 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 200). Invited Address: Joe Martinez (Univ. of CA, Berkeley), How to Increase and Decrease

the Strength of Memory Traces: The Role of Opioids, Chair: Alice

Young (Wayne State Univ.).

1:00-250 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 212). Symposium: Drug Abuse Treatment: Integration of Behavioral and Pharmacological Approaches, Chair: Maxine Stitzer (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of

Medicine), Discussant: George Bigelow (Johns Hopkins Univ. School

of Medicine), Participants: 1. Thomas McLellan, George Woody,

David Metzger, Charles O'Brien (Univ. of PA School of Medicine),

Counseling Level Effects in Methadone Treatment; 2. Donald Calsyn

(Univ. of WA School of Medicine), Effective Utilization of Urinalysis

Results, 3. Michael Kidorf, Maxine Stitzer (Johns Hopkins Univ.

School of Medicine), Community-Based Contingency Programs for

Methadone Maintenance Patients; 4. Richard Rawson (Matrix Center),

Pharmacotherapy Plus Intensive Outpatient Treatment for Cocaine

Dependency; 5. Dawn Delaney, Steven Higgins, Alan Bidney, Lisa

Kent, Warren Bickel (Univ. of VT), Treatment of Cocaine Depend-

ence with Disulfiram (cosponsored with Division 25).

MONDAY, AUGUST 19,1991

8:OO-850 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 200). Paper Session: ADHD and Methylphenidate: Effects on Classroom Functioning and Intemalizhg Symptomatology, Chair: Mark Rapport (UNV. of

HI), Participants: 1. Mark Rapport (Univ. of HI), Attention Deficit

Disorder: Methylphenidate Dose-Response Effects on Classroom

Behavior; 2. Russell Barkley, George DePaul (Univ. of MA), Psychos-

timulant Response of Children with ADHD: Interaction with Intemal-

izing Symptoms; 3. George DePaul (Univ. of MA), Attention Deficit

Disorder: Does Methylphenidate Normalize Classroom Functioning?

9:OO-10:50 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 222). Symposium: Commonalities in Stimulus Equivalence and Drug Discrimination Research, Chair: Warren Bickel (Univ. of VT), Discussant: Chris-

Ellyn Johanson (USUHS); Participants: 1. Richard Serna, Gina

Green (EK Shriver Center for Mental Retardation), Functional Analy-

sis of Contextual Stimulus Control; 2. KJ Saunders, RR Saunders, JE

Spradlin (Univ. of KS), Current Issues in Stimulus Class Research; 3.

Richard DeGrandpre, Warren Bickel, Stephen Higgins, John Hughes

(Univ. of VT), Functionally Equivalent Stimulus Control over Re-

sponding by Exteroceptive and Interoceptive Stimuli; 4. Warren Bick-

el, Richard DeGrandpre, Stephen Higgins, John Hughes (Univ. of

VT), Stimulus Control over Responding by Exteroceptive and Intero-

ceptive Stimuli: Drug Studies (cosponsored with Division 25).

10:OO-1150 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 226). Paper Session: Recent Findings in the Neurobiology of Drug Abuse, Chair: Steven

Dworkin (Bowman Gray Sch. of Med.), Participants: 1. Aaron Etten-

berg (Univ. of CA, Santa Barbara), Reinforcing and Anxiogenic

Properties of Self-Administered Cocaine; 2. Mark Geyer (UCSD),

MDMA and the Psychopharmacology of Presynaptic Serotonin Releas-

ers; 3. Kathryn Cunningham, Patrick Callahan (Univ. of TX, Galves-

ton), Neural Mediators of the Discriminative Stimulus Effects of

Cocaine; 4. Steven Dworkin (Bowman Gray Sch. of Med.), Changes

in Neurotransmitter Tumover Associated with Cocaine Reinforcement;

5. Ronald Kuczenski (UCSD), Relationship of Psychostimulant

Monoarninergic and Behavioral Response Profiles (with Division 6).

12:OO-150 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 200). Paper Session: Imaging Technologies to Study Drugs and Behavior, Chair: John

Metz (Univ. of Chicago); Participants: 1. Linda Porrino (Bowman

Gray School of Medicine), Metabolic Mapping of the Effects of

Abused Drugs in Animals; 2. Harriet De Wit, John Metz, Malcolm

Cooper (Univ. of Chicago), Methodological Issues in PET Studies of

Drugs of Abuse; 3. Nora Volkow, David Schlyer, Joanna Fowler,

Gene Wong, Robert MacGregor, Alfred Wolf (Brookhaven National

Laboratory), Receptor Ligand Studies Using PET; 4. Scott Lukas,

Elena Kouri, Michelle Fortin, Leslie Amass (McLean Hospital),

Topographic Mapping and Source Localization of EEG and ERP

Dipoles; 5. Thomas Aigner, Joseph Frank (NIMH), Functional Mag-

netic Resonance Imaging of Cocaine-Treated Rhesus Monkeys (with

Division 6).

1 :00-150 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 222). Paper Session:

Drug Abuse Treatment: Pharmacological and Psychological

Variables, Chair: Dace Svikis (Johns Hopkins Univ. Sch. of Med.);

Participants: 1. Maria Costantini, Tamara Wall, James Sorensen,

David Gibson (UCSF), Coupons Brhg Untreated Addicts into Detoxi-

fication; 2. Richard Foltin (Johns Hopkins Univ. Sch. of Med.), The

Analysis of Cocaine Choice in Human Subjects; 3. Mark Litt, Ronald

Kadden (Univ. of CT Health Center), Ned Cooney (VAMC, West

Haven), Herbert Getter (Univ. of CT), Matching Alcoholics to Coping

Skills or Interactional Therapies; 4. Mary McCaul, Dace Svikis,

Deborah Mangold (Johns Hopkins Univ. Sch. of Med.), Counselor-

Targeted Interventions: Effects on Client Participation in Drug Treat-

ment; 5. Jesse Milby (VA Medical Center, Birmingham), Mary

Simms, Mary Gentile (Univ. of AL), Ann Hohmann (NIMH), Thomas

McLellan, George W y (Univ. of PA), Neil Haas (UCLA): Detoxi-

fication Fear: Its Persistence and Role in Methadone Maintenance.

2:00-350 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 224). Symposium: From

Opioid Receptors to Behavior and Vice Versa, Chair: James Woods

(Univ. of MI Medical School), Discussant: Linda Dykstra (UNC),

Participants: 1. James Woods (Univ. of MI Medical School), Intro-

duction to Receptor Theory; 2. Sandra Comer (Univ. of MI), Affinity

of Opioid Antagonists; 3. Charles France (Univ. of MI), Relative

Efficacy of Opioid Agonists: A Behavioral Analysis; 4. Alice Young

(Wayne State Univ.), Tolerance and Receptors.

OTHER EVENTS OF INTEREST TO DIVISION 28

Continuing Education Master Lecture Series: PSYCHOPHARMA-

COLOGY, (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 206):

Friday, 3:00-4:50 pm: Chris-Ellyn Johanson, Principles of Drug Action.

Saturday, 10:00-1150 am: Linda Dykstra, Understanding Drug Action.

Saturday, 2:00-350 pm: John Hughes, Principles of Phannacotherapy for

Mental Disorders.

Sunday, 12:00-150 pm: B. Weiss, Behavioral Toxicology Creates a New

Agenda for Assessing the Risks of Environmental Pollution.

Monday, 10:00-11:50 am: G. Alan Marian, Substance Abuse: Etiology,

Prevention and Treatment Issues.

SCIENCE DIRECTORATEISCIENCE WEEKEND

Sunday's Thane: Scientific Bases of Psychological Interventions

9:OO-1050 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 301) Symposium:

Scientific Basis for Drug Abuse Treatment, Chair: Travis Thompson

with Robert Balster, George Bigelow, Steven Higgins.

11:00 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 2741276). Invited Address:

Charles Schuster, The Necessity of Animals in Substance Abuse

Research; Chair: Lewis Seiden.

11:OO am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 301). Invited Address:

Richard Evans, Theory-based Models in Prevention of AIDS in Ado-

lescents; Chair: Bertram Raven.

2:00 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 306). Invited Address: Enoch

Goodis, NIAAA, Chair: Peter Nathan.

3:00 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 306). Invited Address: Alan

Leshner, NIMH, Chair: Bonnie Strickland.

4:00 pm (MARRIOTT, Marina Room AIB). Invited Address: Fred

Goodwin, ADAMHA, Research on the Coexistence of Mental and

Addictive Disorders: New Opportunities, New Challanges; Chair: Pat

DeLeon (Reception to Follow).

PRACTICE DIRECTORATE

Satuday, 1:00-250 pm (MARRIOTT, Marina Room A/B). Miniconven-

tion: Issues in Prescription Privileges for Psychologists: A F'redoc-

toral Curriculum, Robert Balster (Medical College of Virginia).

AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION O F

GRADUATE STUDENTS

Friday, 12:00-1250 pm Symposium: Substance Abuse Treatment: Clini-

cal Hazards and Legal Values.

Saturday, 3:00-4:50 pm Symposium: Psychologists in Substance Abuse:

Current Opportunities, Chair: Joan Zweben (East Bay Community

Recovery Project), Discussant: George DeLeon (Community Studies

Institute), Participants: 1. Charles Schuster (NIDA), Opportunities for

Psychologists through NIDA; 2. Marian Fischman (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medicine), Behavioral Pharmacology: Research with

Human Subjects; 3. Thomas McClellan and Arthur Alterman (VAMC,

Philadelphia), The Role of Psychologists in VA Substance Abuse

Treatment and Research; 4. James Sorensen and Sharon Hall (UCSF),

Treatment Research in Drug Abuse; 4. Joan Zweben (East Bay

Community Recovery Project), Opportunities for Clinicians in Sub-

stance Abuse.

PUBLIC INFORMATION COMMITTEE/DMSION 46

Friday, 3:OO-450 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 309). Work-

shop: Gaining Public Support for Scientific Psychology: The Scientist

and the Media. Participants: 1. Perry Buffington (author, radio

commentator): Edward D ~ ~ e r S t e i n (Univ. of CA, Santa Barbara); 3.

Tiffany Field (Univ. of Miami, FL); 4. Lawrence Kutner (columnist,

New York limes ). Chair: Frank Farley (Univ, of WI, Madison).

DIVISION 28 MEMBERS RECEIVE HONORS

Schuster Elected to Institute of Medicine (from ADAMHA NEWS, Vol XVII, #1, March-April 1991)

NIDA Director [and Division 28 Fellow] Charles R. Schuster, Ph.D., has been elected to membership in the National Academy of Sciences' Institute of Medicine (IOM). Dr. Schuster was nominated in recognition of his pioneering contribution to behavioral pharmacology and his intemation- ally recognized expertise on the pharmacology of drugs of abuse. While serving as director of the University of Chica- go's Drug Research Center, Dr. Schuster created the stand- ard animal model for studying addiction, which replicates the compulsive drug-seeking behavior seen in people addicted to drugs. Dr. Schuster was also honored for his work on the behavioral and environmental determinants and consequences of drug administration, and his active interest in drug abuse epidemiology, treatment and policy issues.

The purpose of the Institute is the advancement of the health sciences, education, and the improvement of health care. Election both confers one of the highest honors in biomedical science and entails an obligation to work on behalf of the organization, including commitment of a signif- icant amount of volunteer time to serving on committees engaged in a broad range of studies on health policy issues.

Henningfield Receives World No-Tobacco Day Medal

On the occasion of the 4th World No-Tobacco Day, held this year with the theme of tobacco-free public places and transport, and traditionally celebrated in member states of the World Health Organization (WHO), a ceremony was held on May 3 1, 1991 at WHO Headquarters in Geneva. Individuals and organizations involved in tobacco control were presented by Dr. Mohammed Abdelmoumene, Deputy Director-Gener- al, with the WHO Tobacco or Health Medal.

Among the awardees was Division 28 member Jack Henningfield, Chief, Clinical Pharmacology Branch, Addic- tion Research Center, NIDA, Baltimore, MD, who was recognized for having made highly significant contributions to understanding the addictive nature of nicotine and tobacco, as well as to methods of treating addiction. Other awardees inc:luded Dr. Abdel Rahman Al-Awadi, former Minister of Public Health in Kuwait, who has led an anti-smoking campaign in the Gulf countries; Air Canada, the first airline to ban smoking on transatlantic flights; Prof. Joseph Mbada, Minister of Public Health of Cameroon, who has worked actively against tobacco; and Spirou, a Belgian weekly widely known among French-speaking youth, which has been involved for several years in tobacco or health education of children and adolescents.

OPEN POSITIONS

Behavioral PharmacoIogist/Toxicologist: Postdoctoral position is

available for basic and applied research in evaluating preclinical efficacy and

safety of potential drug abuse treatment compounds, in a lab consisting of

behavioral pharmacologists and medicinal chemists. Particular focus is on

treatments for cocaine and amphetamine abuse and toxicity in animal mod-

els. Applicant, with a background in pharmacology or behavioral neurosci-

ence, must have received a Ph.D. within the last 3 years. Send CV and 2

representative publications to Dr. J.M. Witkin, Drug Development Group,

NJDA Addiction Research Center, P.O. Box 5180, Baltimore, MD 21224.

NIDA is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.

Behavioral pharmacologist: Behavioral pharmacologist position

available in the CNS Pharmacology Department of Novo Nordisk's CNS

Division in Maaloev, Denmark. Candidate must meet the following re-

quirements: Some postdoctoral experience, preferably in the pharmacology

of psychosis, epilepsy, or ischemialneurodegeneration; high potential for

creative and original scientific research that may lead to new projects; ability

to work in a project-oriented environment; ability to collaborate in a multi-

disciplinary setting. Excellent working conditions in newly-built CNS

Research facilities in the beautiful countryside of Maaloev, 20 kilometers

north of Copenhagen; many possibilities for personal and professional

development in a large CNS Research and Development group (+250

people) with a strong emphasis on drug discovery. Applications, including

CV, should be forwarded to the Personnel Department, Health Care Group,

Novo Nordisk AIS, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark, quoting ref. no. 318,

before September lst, 1991. Further information may be obtained from Dr.

Erik B. Nielsen, Head of CNS Pharmacology, tel. +45 4444 8888, ext.

3605; FAX +45 4298 5007. Novo Nordisk AIS is one of the world's lead-

ing hiotechnology companies. It is a major force in insulin manufacture and

diabetes treatment and is the world's largest producer of industrial enzymes;

it also manufactures and markets a variety of other pharmaceutical and

bioindustrial products. The company has offices in over 120 countries and

employs approximately 8,500 people.

Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Behavioral Medicine. We expect to

open a second 1-2 year postdoctoral research fellowship in human psycho-

pharmacology and substance abuse, with a particular focus on nicotine; can

start as soon as January, 1992. The trainee will collaborate on laboratory-

based projects using pharmacological probes and examining the involvement

of corticosteroids in smoking and/or gender differences in smoking. Some

of these projects represent growth areas for our laboratory and will allow the

trainee to participate in the early stages of development of new lines of

research. Instruction in psychopharmacology, neuruendocrinology, andlor

statisticslresearch methodology will be provided, depending on the needs

and background of the trainee. Persons with M.D. or Ph.D. (in hand or

expected shortly) in experimental psychology, pharmacology, or other

relevant disciplines are invited to apply. Salary is competitive. Send letter

of interest, CV, and 3 letters of recommendation to Cynthia S. Pomerleau,

Ph.D., Director, Behavioral Medicine Laboratory, Univ. of MI Dept. of

Psychiatry, R ive~ iew Bldg., 900 Wall St., Ann Arbor, MI 48105, tel (313)

764-7152. The Univ. of MI is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action

Employer.

DIVISION 28 OFFICERS: Elected: President

President-Elect

Past-President

Council Representative

Members-at-large

Appointed: Treasurer

Secretary

Program Chair, 199 1

Past-Program Chair

Incoming Program Chair

Klaus Miczek

(617) 381-3414

Ronald W. Wood

(914) 351-4249

Robert L. Balster

(804) 786-8402

Stephen C. Fowler

(601) 232-7383

Alice M. Young

(3 13) 577-3290

Robert Sprague

(217) 333-4123

Marilyn E. Carroll

(612) 626-6289

Jack E. Henningfield

(301) 550-1494

Stephen T. Higgins

(802) 660-3066

David Penetar

(301) 427-5521

Warren K. Bickel

(802) 660-3067

Nancy Ator

(301) 955-3135

Term

8/89-8192

8190-8193

9188-819 1

2/91-1194

9/88-8191

8/89-8192

8190-8193

8/88-8191

8/88-8191

8\89-8192

9/88-8191

8190-8193

Newsletter Editor

Membership Chair

CPDD Liaison

Public Information

ASPET Liaison Officers

APA Public Affairs Liaison

APS Liaison

Committee on Nominations

Neurobehavioral Tox. Committee

Committee on Animal Research

Committee on Prescript. Priv.

Centennial Officer

Cynthia S. Pomerleau

(313) 764-7152

Stephen C. Fowler

(601) 232-7383

Robert L. Balster

(804) 786-8402

John G. Grabowski

(713) 792-7925

Alice M. Young

(313) 577-3290

Chris Johanson

(301) 295-3470

Donald Overton

(215) 787-1534

Larry D. Byrd

(404) 727-7730

Ronald W. Wood

(914) 35 1-4249

Hugh L. Evans

(914) 351-4249

Marlyne Kilbey

(3 13) 577-2802

Herbert Barry

(412) 648-8563

NEWSLETTER DEADLINES (Newsletter appears 4-6 weeks later):

Fall issue: September 15 Spring Issue: March 15

Winter issue: December 15 Summer Issue: June 15

Cynthia S. Pomerleau, Ph.D. Editor, Division 28 Newsletter Behavioral Medicine Program University of Michigan Department of Psychiatry Riverview Building, 900 Wall Street Ann Arbor, MI 48105

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