Abstraction and Visualization to Support Access to NPO’s Structure and Content Michael Halper,...
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Transcript of Abstraction and Visualization to Support Access to NPO’s Structure and Content Michael Halper,...
Abstraction and Visualization to Support Access to NPO’s Structure
and Content
Michael Halper, Vladimir Ventura, Yehoshua PerlSABOC
New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewark, NJ 07102
2
Overview
• Abstraction Networks (“AbNs”) for Ontologies• Two example AbNs:– Area taxonomy– Partial-area taxonomy
• BLUOWL: taxonomy-based software tool• Application to the NPO• Conclusions
3
Ontology Excerpt
IS-A
wave speed
Parameter
length unit
unit of measurement
wave parameter
wavelengthwave amplitude
speed of sound wave
has_
unit_
of_m
easu
re
unit of velocity
wavelength of sound
frequency of sound
wave
frequency unit
wave frequency
amplitude of sound
wave
4
Abstraction Networks (“AbNs”)• An abstraction network (“AbN”) is derived from an
ontology’s content and structure and provides a compact (summarization) view
• AbNs group “similar” concepts together and represent them using a single node
• Nodes are organized into a hierarchy
5
Area and Partial-Area Taxonomies
• Area taxonomy summarizes structurally similar concepts
• Partial-area taxonomy refines the area taxonomy into hierarchically related groups of concepts
• Will review derivation using examples from NPO
6
Area Taxonomy Derivation
An area is a set of concepts that share the same relationship structure (structurally similar)
Areas
Participates_in6 concepts
Inheres_in, participates_in
37 concepts
6 Concepts
∅
Denoted_by, inheres_in,
participates_in 2 concepts
Has_DOI, hasPubMedID, has_abstract, has_author,
has_journal_name, has_publication_year,
inheres_in, participates_in1 concept
Inheres_in, participates_in,
unit_of121 concepts
+120 descendants
Thing
entity Premerged Concepts
Preretired Concepts
Retired Concepts
Current Year
Retired Concepts
continuant
Spatial region
One dimensional
region
Three dimensional
region
Two dimensional
region
Zero dimensional
region
Dependent_ continuant
Generically_ dependent_ continuant
Specifically_ dependent_ continuant
Journal article
Alphanumeric number
number Unit of measurement
Nanoparticle property
Surface property
Numeric number
+4 child concepts
+27 descendants
∅
Participates_ in
Inheres_in, participates_in
Has_DOI, hasPubMedID, has_abstract, has_author,
has_journal_name, has_publication_year
, inheres_in, participates_in
Inheres_in, participates_in,
unit_of
Denoted_by, inheres_in, participates_in
7
+120 descendants
Thing
entity Premerged Concepts
Preretired Concepts
Retired Concepts
Current Year
Retired Concepts
continuant
Spatial region
One dimensional
region
Three dimensional
region
Two dimensional
region
Zero dimensional
region
Dependent_ continuant
Generically_ dependent_ continuant
Specifically_ dependent_ continuant
Journal article
Alphanumeric number
number Unit of measurement
Nanoparticle property
Surface property
Numeric number
+4 child concepts
+27 descendants
∅
Participates_ in
Inheres_in, participates_in
Has_DOI, hasPubMedID, has_abstract, has_author,
has_journal_name, has_publication_year
, inheres_in, participates_in
Inheres_in, participates_in,
unit_of
Denoted_by, inheres_in, participates_in
Inheres_in, participates_in, unit_of
Participates_in
Inheres_in, participates_in
Denoted_by, inheres_in, participates_in
Has_DOI, hasPubMedID, has_abstract, has_author,
has_journal_name, has_publication_year, inheres_in,
participates_in
Ø
Dependent_ continuant
37 Concepts
Alphanumeric number
1 Concept
Numeric Number
1 Concept
Unit of Measurement121 Concepts
Journal1 Concept
Thing6 Concepts
continuant6 Concepts
Partial-Area Taxonomy Derivation
• Root: A concept with no parents in its area• Partial-area: A root + all its descendants in the area
(structurally similar and clustered similarly)
Root
8
Overlapping Concepts• Partial-areas are not necessarily disjoint• A concept residing in two or more partial-areas
is called an overlapping concept
Dendrimer Repeat Unit
Fiat Dendrimer part Repeat Unit
overlapping
9
Overlapping Metrics
Level Area Name # overlapping
3 has_function, part_of, participates_in 1
3 has_function, has_quality, participates_in 18
4 has_function, has_part, has_quality, participates_in 6
6 has_component_part, has_function, has_part, has_quality, has_role, participates_in 3
6has_output_participant, has_participant, negatively_regulates, positively_regulates, realizes, regulates 1
10
Applications of Taxonomies
• QA (inconsistency detection and improved modeling)
• Summarization• Navigation• Proposed:– Support of ontology development – Support of various biomedical applications
where similar concepts need to be identified
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Taxonomy-Based Software Tool
• BLUOWL• Automatic generation of a variety of
taxonomy views• Concept-level browsing based on those
views• Aids for QA guidelines
12
NPO Taxonomies
• Based on the inferred view of the NPO
• Relationships (object properties) defined in terms of domains
• And/or relationships defined as restrictions on concepts