Absolutism - Weebly · 2020-03-14 · Absolutism •Element: Examine absolutism through a...
Transcript of Absolutism - Weebly · 2020-03-14 · Absolutism •Element: Examine absolutism through a...
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Absolutism
• Element: Examine absolutism through a comparison of the rules of Louis XIV, Tsar Peter the Great and Tokugawa Ieyasu.
• Vocabulary: absolutism, Louis XIV, Peter the Great, Tokugawa Ieyasu
• Essential Question: How did absolutism impact the world during the 17th and 18th centuries?
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Absolutism
Definition:
• the belief that the ruler has complete control
Examples in the Ancient World:
• Shi Huangdi of the Qin Dynasty
• Caesar’s of the Roman Empire
• Charlomagne of the Franks
• Suleyman the Magnificantof the Ottoman Empire
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Immediate Causes of Absolutism
• Religious and Territorial conflicts created fear and uncertainty
• The Growth of Armies to deal with conflict caused rulers to raise taxes to pay troops
• Heavy taxes led to addition unrest and peasant revolts
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Absolute Rulers
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Centralized Government
Tokugawa Ieyasu:
• by 1603
• daimyo that unified Japan
• became new shogun
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Centralized Government
Louis XIV:
• increased power of government agents
• known as the intendants
• kept central power
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Centralized Government
Peter the Great:
• became an absolute ruler
• forced change on the people
• had to “westernize”
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Stop and Think!
• How did these three absolute rulers establish a more centralized government?
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Eliminated Competition
Tokugawa Ieyasu:
• defeated rivals at the battle of Sikigahara
• earned loyalty of all Daimyo
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Eliminated Competition
Louis XIV:
• made sure local officials communicated regularly with him
• Cardinal Richelieu will pass away
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Eliminated Competition
Peter the Great:
• survived his brother and co-ruler
• his brother died of illness
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Stop and Think!
• How did these three absolute rulers eliminate competition?
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Controlled Land Owning Masses
Tokugawa Ieyasu:
• Daimyo ruled at local level
• Alternate Attendance Policy
• a hostage system
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Controlled Land Owning Masses
Louis XIV:
• weakened the power of the nobles
• excluded them from his council
• forced nobility to live at the capital
• believed in mercantilism as a means to make money
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Controlled Land Owning Masses
Peter the Great:
• reduced nobles power
• promoted lower ranking families
• gave lower class grants of land
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Stop and Think!
• How did these absolute rulers take control over the nobility and use this control to their advantage?
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Controlled Religion
Tokugawa Ieyasu:
• by 1612
• outlawed Christianity
• drove out Christian missionaries
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Controlled Religion
Louis XIV:
• appointed France’s Cardinal Richelieu as a minister and advisor of the state
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Controlled Religion
Peter the Great:
• Government controlled Russian Orthodox Christianity
• Monarch viewed as head of the Church
• abolished position of the patriarch
• created the Holy Synod that reported to the monarch
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Stop and Think!
• How did controlling religion contribute to the power of absolute rulers?
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Built New Grand Capital
Tokugawa Ieyasu:
• moved capital from Kyoto to Edo
• modern day Tokyo
• Daimyo placed in charge of building program
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Built New Grand Capital
Louis XIV:
• built palace of Versailles
• became a “Patron of the Arts”
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Built New Grand Capital
Peter the Great:
• established a new capital St. Petersburg
• the “window on Europe”
• became a “Patron of the Arts”
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Stop and Think!
• Why do you think building a grand new capital would help absolute rulers become more powerful?
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Traits of Absolutism
1. Centralized Government
2. Eliminated Competition
3. Controlled Land Owning Masses
4. Controlled Religion
5. Built New Grand Capital
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Immediate Effects of Absolutism
• Rulers increased the size of their courts to appear more powerful
• Rulers created bureaucracies to control their countries economies
• Gained support of the working class through control of the land owning masses
• Rulers regulated religious worship and social gatherings to control the spread of ideas
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Long-term Effects of Absolutism
• rise of the Enlightenment
• English political reforms that influence U.S. democracy
• revolution in France
• western European influence on Russia
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Stop and Think!
• How did absolutism impact the world during the 17th and 18th centuries?