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![Page 1: About Nanotechnology - general informations -. What is Nanotechnology? Nanotechnology is the creation and use of materials or devices at extremely small.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062301/5697bffa1a28abf838cc04d2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
About Nanotechnology- general informations -
![Page 2: About Nanotechnology - general informations -. What is Nanotechnology? Nanotechnology is the creation and use of materials or devices at extremely small.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062301/5697bffa1a28abf838cc04d2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is Nanotechnology?
• Nanotechnology is the creation and use of materials or devices at extremely small scales.
1 nm = 0.000000001 m
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Tools In Nanotechnology
• The main tools used in nanotechnology are three main microscopes– Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)– Atomic Force Microscope (AFM)– Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM)
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Nanotechnology Foretold
• Concept first introduced by American physicist Richard P. Feynman (1918-1988)
• Calculated that an encyclopedia set could be compressed to fit the head of a pin.
• Predicted several aspects in today’s nanotechnology– Advanced microscopes– Developments in fabrication methods– Possibilities of atom-to-atom assembly
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Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
• Uses high-energy electron beam to probe material with thickness < 100 nm.
• Some electrons are absorbed or bounced off object; some pass through the object and make magnified images
• Digital camera records images.
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Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM)
• Uses nanosized probe to scan objects and materials
• Uses tunneling to detect surface and creates a map of surface
• Rate of electrons that tunnel from probe to surface related to distance between probe and surface
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Other Uses for Tools
• Microscopes used for imaging and manipulating nanostructures
• “Arms” in AFMs and STMs used to move around individual atoms
• Scientists at IBM made this image using an STM to with iron atoms into a circular structure
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Computer Circuits
• Computer circuits are small pieces of semiconducting material containing an electronic circuit.
• Most commonly used in computers
• Consists of as many as millions of transistors.
Nanotechnology is applied to the reduction in the size of these computer circuits!!!
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Methods of Developing Computer Circuits
• The most common method of fabricating computer circuits is the top-down method– Thin films of materials, which make up a
mask, are deposited on a silicon wafer– Unnecessary portions are etched off
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Benefits of Nanotechnology• In the computer world,
nanotechnology is important to the development of small computer circuits that can reduced the size of computers.
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Disadvantages of Nanotechnology
• Safety hazards with nanomaterials
• Some studies detected possible cancer-causing properties of carbon nanotubes
• Some nanomaterials bounded with other materials or components
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Conclusion
• Nanotechnology has a lot of advantages in different kind of activities and becomes more present in our lives.
• I think it is the way to develop new technologies , becoming more efficient.