Indonesia

The Name

•  /ˌɪndoʊˈniːziə/ IN-doh-NEE-zee-ə

• Greek words: ‘Indos’ which means ‘Indian,’ and ‘nesos’ which means ‘islands’.

• Indonesian meaning:  ‘Tanah Air Kita’

The Flag• Known as Sang Saka Merah-

Putih ("The Sacred Red-and-White") 

• Inspired by the Majapahit Empire

• Has been used since 17 August 1945

• The red stands for courage, while the white stands for purity. 

Brief History• It is said that Indonesia was inhabited by

homo sapiens or also known as Java man based on the fossils found in East Java

• Hinduism and Buddhism was the religion which practiced during the 5th century

• During 13th century, Muslim traders introduced Islam in northern Sumatera and it became the dominant religion in Indonesia by 16th century.

• Colonized by the Portuguese, British and Dutch.

• Dutch dominated Indonesia till 1942, which ended by Japanese occupation

• Sukarno, influential national activist, declared independence on 17 August 1945 after Japanese surrendered

• Dutch tried to reestablish their rule after Sukarno declared independence

• On 27 November 1949, the Dutch finally acknowledged Indonesia after a long conflict

• Indonesian consider 17th Aug as their National Independence Day

Population • Estimated population of 253,899,536

(2014)

• 4th most populous country in the world

• World’s most Muslim populated country consisting of 86% Muslims.

• Other religions: 8.7% Christian, 3% Hindu, 1.8% Buddhist and others

• Consists of various ethnic groups:– Javanese: 41.71%– Sundanese: 15.41%– Matay: 3.45%– Madurese: 3.37%– Batak: 3.02%– Minankabau: 2.72%– Betawi: 2.51%– Bantenese: 2.05%– Banjarese: 1.74%– Balinese: 1.51%– Makassarese: 0.99%– Crebonede: 0.94%

*There is a total 350 ethnic groups speaking 750 native languages and dialects

• Most Indonesians are able to speak two languages; native language/dialect and Bahasa Indonesia which is the national language of Indonesia

• Agriculture provides large employment percentage for the population (rice, cassava, peanuts, nutmeg, cloves, palm oil, copra, coffee, cocoa, meat and egg)

Politics• Indonesia uses ‘presidential

representative democratic republic’ political system

• The president is both head of state and head of government

PresidentsSukarno

1945 - 1967Suharto

1967 - 1988

B.J. Habibie1998-1999

Abdurrahman Wahid1999-2001

Megawati Sukarnoputri2001-2004

Susilo Bambang2004-2014

Joko Widodo(Current)

Achievements • The country is home to one of the world's richest

areas of biodiversity

• In the 1990s, a national grant making foundation was created -KEHATI, the Indonesian Biodiversity Foundation (Yayasan Keanekaragaman Hayati Indonesia)

• To support conservation, sustainable use, and equitable sharing of the benefits of Indonesia's biodiversity

Achievements Indonesia’s Part in WWF

• In 2004, WWF-Indonesia gained recognition for its work when the Government, at CBD COP 7 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, declared its commitment to establish 12 new protected areas.

• Three of them were WWF’s sites, i.e. Tesso Nilo in Riau, Sebangau in Central Kalimantan, and Jamursba Medi in Papua.

Achievements Indonesia’s Part in WWF

• In 2005, WWF-Indonesia’s major accomplishment was securing the commitment of the three governments of Brunei, Malaysia and Indonesia to share one vision for the Heart of Borneo (HoB)

• It was an initiative to conserve and achieve sustainable development across 22 million hectares of Asia’s largest trans-boundary tropical forests in Borneo

Achievements Indonesia’s Part in WWF

• The Ministry of Forestry, State Ministry of the Environment, Ministry of Home Affairs, and Ministry of Public Works worked to (1) establish ecosystem-based land-use planning; (2) restore critical areas; and (3) protect areas with high conservation value. 

• The positive commitment made by the government was highlighted at IUCN World Conservation Congress’ side event on 8-10 October 2008 in Barcelona, Spain

5 Achievements of Indonesia that has been

recorded in the Guiness World Book of Records

 

Rudy Hartono

Rudy is essentially a badminton player who won the All England eight times (7 times in a row (1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974 and 1976) where it is recorded in the

Guinness Book of Records in 1982 

 

Kunto Hartono

Hartono Kunto carved his name in the Guinness Book of World Records, drumming 72 hours non-stop. 

Pantai Malalayang Divers

A total of 2861 divers involved in the diving world record breaking at the Malalayang Beach, Manado, North Sulawesi (North Sulawesi) with a

record time of 31 minute

Dominic Brian

12-year-old boy Kuta, Bali listed his name in the book of Guinness World

Records after successfully demonstrated the ability to

remember the 76 rows of numbers in just 60 seconds.

Gita Gutawa

• Gita Gutawa recorded as the youngest singer to hold a solo concert at the age

of 16 years 6 months. • The concert was entitled Music Box Gita

Gutawa, successfully held at Balai Sarbini, Plaza Semanggi, Jakarta,

February 25, 2010.

Achievements in Education

• Indonesian student team won the gold medal in the category of "Laboratory Skill Assessment" in the fields of biology, physics, and chemistry.

• This was in the event of ASEAN Plus Three Junior Science Odyssey (JSO) which took place June 24 to July 1, 2013 in South Korea.

Acievements in Education

• Sepitinus George Saa who hails from Papua, Indonesia,  is a race winner of the First Step to Nobel Prize in Physics in 2004.

Achievements in SportsThe following six badminton athletes are Olympic gold medalists for Indonesia in

badminton:Alan Budikusuma

1992 Barcelona Olympics

Susi Susanti1992 Barcelona Olympics

3andra Wijaya andTony Gunawan:2000 Sydney Olympics.

Markis Kido dan Hendra Setiawan:2008 Beijing Olympics

. Rexy Mainaky (Left) Ricky Subagja:1996 AtlantaOlympics

Taufik Hidayat 2004 Athens Olympics

Acievements in Sports

• During the period 1977-2011, Indonesia has become the

overall champion for 10 times

• Indonesia controlled 40.7 percent of the gold medals or

92 at the Tenth SEA Games in Jakarta, in 1979 and 34

percent of gold medals or 85 at the 11th SEA Games in

Manila in 1981

• Indonesian athletes won in the15th SEA Games in Kuala

Lumpur in 1989, in the 17th SEA Games in Singapore in

1993 and in the 19th SEA Games in Jakarta in 1997

Indonesia’s Music, Dance and ArtsMUSIC

• The music of Indonesia is as profoundly diverse and magnificent as its geography, religion, and culture. "Bhinneka Tunggal Ika" is a national motto in the old Javanese language that means, "Unity in Diversity."

• Types of music in Indonesia: traditional, non-traditional (local) and non-local (western).

• There are also combinations of them. Examples of unique non-traditional Indonesian music styles are "dangdut" and "keroncong“

• Some traditional songs or compositions require specific instruments, such as:

o gamelan,o rebab,o arumba,o calung,

o angklung: instruments made of bamboo.

Indonesia’s Music, Dance and ArtsMUSIC

• Most Indonesian music is closely associated religion and spiritual

practice. 

• Indonesian music is intertwined closely with the four most widely

practiced Indonesian religions: Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism/Taoism, and

Christianity.

• Vocal music plays a significant role in the music-culture of Indonesia.

Solo and group singing are found everywhere in Indonesia with or

without gamelan accompaniment.

Indonesia’s Music, Dance and ArtsDANCE

• Indonesian dance reflects the richness and diversity of race and culture in Indonesia.• Every tribe in Indonesia has its own peculiar variety of dance; In Indonesia there are more than

3000Indonesian original dances.

Prehistoric or patterned dance tribal dance.

• Many anthropologists believe that the dance movements in Indonesia begins with rituals

and religious ceremonies

• Such dances are usually originated from the ritual, such as a war dance, dance shaman to

cure or ward off disease, to summon rain dances, and various types of dance related with

agriculture such as dance Hudoq Dayak

• The dance is an ancient type usually display repetitive movements such as Tor-Tor dance of the

Batak of North Sumatra

• Dance Trance is a sacred dance Dedari special in Bali, where girls who have grown up dancing

in unconscious mental condition believed possessed the holy spirit

• This dance is intended to expel evil spirits from around the village. Kuda

Lumping dance and dagger dance also involves trance.

Indonesia’s Music, Dance and ArtsDANCE

 Hindu-Buddhist-style dance.

• Acts such as the celebrated Hindu epic Ramayana, Mahabharata and

the Flag was the inspiration for display in a dance-drama called "Ballet"

like "ballet" in the western tradition

• Javanese Ramayana Ballet performed regularly at Prambanan,

Yogyakarta, while snedratari the same theme in Balinese version

staged at various temples across the island of Bali. 

• Java Bedhaya sacred ritual dance is believed to come from the

Majapahit in the 14th century and even earlier, this dance comes from

the dance ritual performed by a virgin girl to worship Hindu gods like

Shiva, Brahma and Vishnu

Indonesia’s Music, Dance and ArtsDANCE

 Islamic-style dance

• Dance Zapin Malay and Acehnese Saman dance and music

styles implement nuanced Arabia and Persia, combined with local

style dance featuring a new generation of Islamic era.

• Typical instruments used also Arabic and Persian, such as 

tambourines, drums, and the drum major in the

dance musical nuances of Islam, as well as a

dance accompanist singing humming citing Islamic prayers.