A.Belogianni, P.Ganoti, M.Spyropoulou-Stassinaki University of Athens for the ALICE collaboration
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Transcript of A.Belogianni, P.Ganoti, M.Spyropoulou-Stassinaki University of Athens for the ALICE collaboration
1117/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008
Comparison of Kaon identification through central barrel detectors signals, with the kink topology in
ALICE experiment at CERN
A.Belogianni, P.Ganoti, M.Spyropoulou-Stassinaki
University of Athens
for the ALICE collaboration
2217/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008
Outline
The ALICE experiment at CERN : physics goals
Kaon ID and spectra using the central barrel detectors signals
Kaon ID and spectra using the “kink” topology
Comparison of the two methods
Future plans
3317/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008
The ALICE detector
ITSLow pt trackingVertexing
ITSLow pt trackingVertexing
TPCTracking, dEdxTPCTracking, dEdx
TRDElectron IDTRDElectron ID
TOFPIDTOFPID
HMPIDPID (RICH) @ high pt
HMPIDPID (RICH) @ high pt
PHOS,0 PHOS,0
MUON -pairs MUON -pairs
PMD multiplicityPMD multiplicity
4417/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008
Physics GoalsStudy of the QGP which is predicted by QCD at extreme conditions of high energy density, achieved in relativistic heavy ion collisions. Signals of QGP may remain in the bulk properties of the collision, and simultaneous observations of multiple QGP signals in the final state would serve as a strong evidence of QGP formation.
The bulk properties include: strangeness baryon production rates collective transverse radial flow
All these can be studied via particle spectra
The study of particle yields and spectra in low, intermediate and hard pT regions is essential in order to distinguish among the various models which aim to describe the particle production.
Test of various models where it is argued that
particle multiplicity density per transverse area of interaction measures the initial gluon density
particle ratios measure the chemical freeze-out conditions
transverse momentum spectra measure the kinetic freeze-out conditions
resonances probe the time interval between chemical and kinetic freeze-out
5517/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008
Pb-Pb
Hadronization: Hadrons are formed from quarks
Chemical freeze-out: end of inelastic interactions (particle yields)
Thermal freeze-out: end of elastic interactions (particle spectra)
Λ(1520)p
πK-
Rescattering
Κ-
p
Λ(1520) K-
pRegeneration
Signal lost
spac
e
time
Signal measured
Resonance Life-time [fm/c] 1.3++ 1.7 f0(980) 2.6 K*(892) 4.0 (1520) 13 ω(783) 23(1020) 45
Resonances may probe the timescale between chemical and kinetic freeze-out
6617/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008
ALICE Particle Identification capabilitiesALICE Particle Identification capabilities
Particle ID from low to high momenta. ALICE can combine the single detector PID information.
ALICE uses ~ all known techniques!
TPC + ITS (dE/dx)
HMPID (RICH)
TOF
1 10 100 p (GeV/c)
TRD e / PHOS /0
/K
/K
/K
K/p
K/p
K/p
e /
e /
0 1 2 3 4 5 p (GeV/c)
7717/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008
Kaon is the lightest strange hadron, with a high branching ratioto the muonic decay channel ( 63,26%) and large geometrical acceptance in the ALICE TPC. This decay can be measured as a “kink”. The reconstruction of the kink topology (secondary vertex with mother and daughter tracks of the same sign) is a key technique for identifying kaons over a momentum range wider than that achieved by combining PID signals from different detectors.
Background of kinks in kaon study are the kinks from pion decays, hadronic interactions in the TPC gas and combinatorics.
The kink topology is important in both Pb-Pb collisions and pp interactions.
K / π identification-separation is based on the different kinematics of their decays to μ+νμ.
K/π separation from kinematics
17/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008 88
K μνμ 63.43%
Κ ππ021.13%
Κ eπ0νe 4.87% kinks
Κ μπ0νμ 3.27%
Κ ππ0π0 1.73%
Κ πππ 5.58% 3 prong decay
π μνμ 99%
Branching Ratios
9917/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008
Variables like the lab decay angle at a given momentum of the mother particle (K or π) and the qT of the produced daughter muon may be used for K/π separation.
The momentum of the daughter muon in the K/π rest frame is 236 and 30 MeV/c respectively.
This is the maximum qT value of the muon in the Lab frame.
Mother Momentum (GeV/c)
red : Kμ+νμ
blue: πμ+νμ
restrestrest
restrestlab Ep
p*** cos
sintan
101017/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008
Event sample and track selection
1.16 M simulated pp events (s=14 TeV), generated in the frame of the ALICE Physics Data Challenge 2006 (PDC06) have been analyzed at CERN Analysis Facility (CAF).
Track selection cuts :
Track quality cuts
pT > 0.3GeV/c
Cut of 3σ on the impact parameter to select primary tracks
111117/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008
Combined PID from TPC and TOF
When several detectors are capable of separating the particle types, their contributions are accumulated with proper weights, thus providing an improved combined PID.
In the case of Kaons, combining the PID signals from TPC and TOF :
Kaon momentum spectrum (TPC and TOF)
121217/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008
PID using the kink topology
Next step : try to include the kinks in the PID procedure.
Study of the kink sample
- Each reconstructed track is checked whether it is a kink or no.
- If yes, the appropriate cuts are applied in order to obtain a clean sample of kaons.
Cuts to select Kaon kinks:
The kink angle must be greater than the maximum decay angle of the decay πμνμ but less than the corresponding angle for the decay Kμνμ.
The qT > 50MeV/c
The kink vertex is between 110 cm and 230 cm (in the active volume of the TPC).
|η| < 1.1
The invariant mass considering the daughter as a muon is less than 0.6 GeV/c2.
131317/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008
This procedure, after being implemented in reconstructed tracks, will either adds kaons in the corresponding sample, not recognized by the combined PID procedure, or correct those tracks for which the combined PID procedure has assigned wrong particle type.
141417/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008
The kink method for kaon identification looks very promising at intermediate momentum regions (p > 2 - 6 GeV/c) after accumulating enough statistics.
17/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008 1515
In numbers...
In 1.16 M events we have (0 - 7 GeV/c):
655687 generated kaons in the detectors acceptance
336418 are recognized via combined PID
From the sample of tracks recognized as kinks:
70824 are true kaons
31597 are recognized via combined PID
69728 are recognized by applying the kink cuts
161617/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008
Future Plans
Analysis of the new simulated dataset (PDC07) available where ITS and TRD are added to the combined PID procedure.
Implement the kink analysis in the Λ(1520) study (the group has already published results with the standard PID procedure). An increase of the signal of ~16% is expected from preliminary calculations.
Study of other observables concerning Resonances Study
- Transverse momentum and transverse mass spectra- Particle Ratios (Resonant over no Resonant particles)
17/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008 1717
For a detailed description
Estimation of Kaon and Pion Yields from the decay Kaon/pion to muon + muon neutrino kink topolgy, in one year of Pb-Pb for ALICE
ALICE-INT-2006-012
Study of Λ (1520) resonance in pp interactions at ALICE and K identification from its decay in muon+neutrino
http://www.ct.infn.it/SPHIC06/
Study of Λ(1520) production in pp interactions at 14 TeV with the ALICE detector
J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 35 (2008) 401 – 407
Talks in collaboration meetings can be found at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/Collaboration/Meetings/index.html
(ALICE Weeks and Physics Working Group 2 – Soft Physics)
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Backup
17/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008 1919
Combined PID procedure
Having to combine the PID information coming from different detecting systems implies dealing, in some common way with PID signals of a different nature.
The situation is additionally complicated by the amount of data to be processed.
Thus the particle identification procedure should be as much as possible automatic and should also be capable of combining signals distributed according to quite different density functions.
Combining PID signals in a Bayesian way satisfies all these requirements.
First, the Bayesian PID with a single detector is taken from the detectors response functions.
Then, the method is extended for combining PID measurements from several detectors, thus considering the whole system of N contributing detectors as a single “super-detector”.
17/4/200817/4/2008 [email protected]@HSSHEP2008 2020