Abdullah Yusuf Azzam

8/20/2019 Abdullah Yusuf Azzam

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Abdullah Yusuf AzzamFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Abdullah Yusuf Azzam

Native name عز عبد ل يوسف

Born 1941

Silat al-Harithiya, Palestine

Died N!e"#er $4, 19%9 &a'e 4()4%*

Pesha+ar , Paistan

Nationality Palestinian &1941)194%*

r.anian &194%)19%9*

Alma mater /ni!ersity 0 a"as23s

Occupation sla"i2 s2hlar an. thel'ian

Known for 53n.er 0 6l-7ae.a

Religion S3nni sla"

Abdullah Yusuf Azam ( Arabic: ! وسف عز ,ع #" ‘Abdu’llāh Yūsuf ‘Azzām$ %&'% )' *o+ember %&&-a.k.a. Father of Global Jihad/%0/)0 1a2 a 3ale2tinian 45nni 62lamic 2cholar andtheolo7ian andfo5ndin7 member of al89aeda./0 A;;am preached both defen2i+e andoffen2i+e


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help the Af7han mujahideen a7ain2t the 4o+iet in+ader2./0 >e rai2ed f5nd2, recr5ited and or7ani2edthe international 62lamic +ol5nteer effort of Af7han Arab2thro57h the %&?2, and empha2i2edthe political a2pect2 of 62lam.

A;;am 1a2 a teacher and mentor of @2ama bin aden and per25aded bin aden to come to Af7hani2tan and help the jihad . A2 the 1ar dre1 to an end, they both e2tabli2hed al89aeda. >e 1a2al2o a co8fo5nder of a2hkar8e8Baiba./'0/0/C0/D0/E0/0/&0

A;;am 1a2 killed by a car bomb 1hile 1ithin 3e2ha1ar , 3aki2tan./%?0

Contents

/hide0

• %arly life in the We2t Gank

• )Heli7io52 2t5die2 in Iama2c52

• 6n Jordan and 7ypt

• '6n 4a5di Arabia

• C6n 3aki2tan and Af7hani2tan

o C.%45pport for Af7han m5


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Qhalifa, the Muraqib `Am (Keneral 45per+i2or- of the Grotherhood inJordan. Qhalifa met 1ith A;;amd5rin7 2e+eral +i2it2 that he made to 4ilat al8>arithiya. I5rin7 thi2 part of hi2 life, A;;am be7anreadin7 the 1ork2 of >a2an al8Ganna and other Grotherhood 1ritin72. /%%0

6n the late %&C?2, after he had completed hi2 elementary and 2econdary ed5cation, A;;am left 4ilatal8>arithiya and enrolled in the a7ric5lt5ral Qhad5ri Rolle7e in B5lkarm, abo5t ? kilometre22o5th1e2t of hi2 +illa7e. Bho57h he 1a2 a year yo5n7er than hi2 cla22mate2, he recei+ed 7ood7rade2./%%0/%)0 After 7rad5ation from the colle7e, 2t5dent2 1ere 2ent o5t to teach at local 2chool2.

A;;am 1a2 2ent to the +illa7e of Adir, near the to1n of Qerak in central Jordan./%%0/%)0 Accordin7 to oneof hi2 bio7rapher2, A;;am had 1anted a po2ition clo2er to home, b5t 1a2 2ent to a di2tant 2choolafter an ar75ment 1ith hi2 colle7eP2 dean. /%%0 After 2pendin7 a year in Adir, A;;am ret5rned to theWe2t Gank, 1here he ta57ht at a 2chool in the +illa7e of G5rNin, abo5t fo5r kilometer2 1e2t of Jenin.>i2 collea75e2 in G5rNin remembered him a2 bein7 noticeably more reli7io52 than them. I5rin7break2, 1hile other2 ate, A;;am 1o5ld 2it and read the 95ran./%%0

Religious studies in Damascus/edit0

6n %&D, A;;am enrolled in the Fac5lty of 4haria at the Sni+er2ity of Iama2c52 in 4yria. While inIama2c52, he met 62lamic 2cholar2 and leader2 incl5din7 4haykh =5hammad Adib 4alih, 4haykh

4aOid >a11a, 4haykh =5hammad 4aOid Hamadan al8G5ti, =5llah Hamadan al8G5ti, and 4haykh=ar1an >adid./%%0 A;;amP2 mentor, 4hafiN A2ad OAbd al8>adi died in %&D'. Bhi2 2tren7thened A;;amP2 determination in 1orkin7 for the ca52e of 62lam. I5rin7 the holiday2, A;;am 1o5ld ret5rn tohi2 +illa7e, 1here he 1o5ld teach and preach in the mo2N5e. /%%0 A;;am 7rad5ated 1ith hi7he2t honor2in %&DD, recei+in7 a Gachelor of Art2 in 4haria. Bhereafter he ret5rned to the We2t Gank, 1here heta57ht and preached in the re7ion aro5nd hi2 +illa7e. After the %&DE 4iM8Iay War ended 1iththe 62raeli military occ5pation of the We2t Gank, A;;am and hi2 family left the We2t Gank andfollo1ed the 3ale2tinian eMod52 to Jordan./%%0/%)0

In Jordan and Egypt/edit0

6n Jordan, A;;am participated in paramilitary operation2 a7ain2t the 62raeli occ5pation b5t becamedi2ill52ioned 1ith the 2ec5lar and pro+incial nat5re of the 3ale2tinian re2i2tance coalition held

to7ether 5nder the 5mbrella of the 3ale2tine iberation @r7ani;ation (3@- and led by La22er Arafat.6n2tead of p5r25in7 the 3@T2 =arMi2t8oriented national liberation 2tr577le 25pported by the 4o+ietSnion, A;;am en+i2ioned a pan862lamic tran28national mo+ement that 1o5ld tran2cend the politicalmap of the =iddle a2t dra1n by non862lamic colonial po1er2. /%0 >e i2 belie+ed to ha+e had a role info5ndin7 the 62lami2t >ama2 mo+ement in 3ale2tine./citation needed 0

A;;am then 1ent to 7ypt to contin5e 62lamic 2t5die2 at RairoT2 Al8A;har Sni+er2ity 1here heearned a =a2terT2 de7ree in 4haria. >e ret5rned to teach at the Sni+er2ity of Jordan in Amman. 6n%&E%, A;;am recei+ed a 2cholar2hip to ret5rn to Al8A;har Sni+er2ity 1here he obtained hi2 3h.I. inthe 3rinciple2 of 62lamic J5ri2pr5dence (S2ool 5l8FiNh- in %&E.

In audi Arabia/edit0

After obtainin7 hi2 Ioctorate in 7ypt in %&E, A;;am ret5rned to teach at the Sni+er2ity of Jordan,b5t hi2 radical +ie12 1ere 25ppre22ed there /citation needed 0 and A;;am then mo+ed to 4a5di Arabia. 4incethe %&D?2, Qin7 Fai2al of 4a5di Arabia had 1elcomed eMiled teacher2 from 4yria, 7ypt, and Jordan,/citation needed 0 2o that by the early %&E?2 it 1a2 common to find many 4a5di hi7h 2chool and 5ni+er2ityteacher2 1ho had become in+ol+ed 1ith eMiled di22ident member2 of the =52lim Grotherhood. /citationneeded 0

A;;am took a po2ition a2 lect5rer at Qin7 Abd5l A;i; Sni+er2ity in Jeddah, 4a5di Arabia, 1here heremained 5ntil %&E&. @2ama bin aden1a2 enrolled a2 a 2t5dent in the 5ni+er2ity bet1een %&ED and%&% and probably fir2t met A;;am d5rin7 that time./%'0

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasan_al-Bannahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasan_al-Bannahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-hegghammer-11https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khodori_Institute,_Tulkarmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khodori_Institute,_Tulkarmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulkarmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulkarmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-hegghammer-11https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-defenseBio-12https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Karakhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Karakhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-hegghammer-11https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-defenseBio-12https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-defenseBio-12https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-hegghammer-11https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-hegghammer-11https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burqinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quranhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-hegghammer-11https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam&action=edit&section=2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Damascushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriahttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Sa%60id_Ramadan_al-Buti&action=edit&redlink=1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-hegghammer-11https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-hegghammer-11https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachelor_of_Artshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shariahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six-Day_Warhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six-Day_Warhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israeli-occupied_territorieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israeli-occupied_territorieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bankhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bankhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967_Palestinian_exodushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-hegghammer-11https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-hegghammer-11https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-defenseBio-12https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam&action=edit&section=3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestine_Liberation_Organizationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasser_Arafathttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasser_Arafathttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marxisthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Unionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Unionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Easthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Easthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Easthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-DMLFOAI-13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_studieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Azhar_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Azhar_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Jordanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principles_of_Islamic_Jurisprudencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principles_of_Islamic_Jurisprudencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principles_of_Islamic_Jurisprudencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam&action=edit&section=4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faisal_of_Saudi_Arabiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Abdul_Aziz_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeddahhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osama_bin_Ladenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-14https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasan_al-Bannahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-hegghammer-11https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khodori_Institute,_Tulkarmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulkarmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-hegghammer-11https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-defenseBio-12https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Karakhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-hegghammer-11https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-defenseBio-12https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-hegghammer-11https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burqinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quranhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-hegghammer-11https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam&action=edit&section=2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Damascushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriahttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Sa%60id_Ramadan_al-Buti&action=edit&redlink=1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-hegghammer-11https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-hegghammer-11https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachelor_of_Artshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shariahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six-Day_Warhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israeli-occupied_territorieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bankhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967_Palestinian_exodushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-hegghammer-11https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-defenseBio-12https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam&action=edit&section=3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestine_Liberation_Organizationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasser_Arafathttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marxisthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Unionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Unionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Easthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-DMLFOAI-13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_studieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Azhar_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Jordanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principles_of_Islamic_Jurisprudencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam&action=edit&section=4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faisal_of_Saudi_Arabiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Abdul_Aziz_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeddahhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osama_bin_Ladenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-14


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In !akistan and Afghanistan/edit0

%&E& became a pi+otal year for 62lamic mo+ement, 1ith three h57e re+ol5tionary e+ent2 in the=52lim 1orld. Fir2t, on %D Jan5ary %&E& the6ranian He+ol5tion 25cceed in takin7 o+er the co5ntryand eMilin7 the 4hah, =ohammad He;a 3ahla+i, 1hich then bro57ht abo5t the 1orldP2 fir2t modern=52lim theocracy 5nder the r5le of Ayatollah H5hollah Qhomeini.

Bhe 2econd mae then mo+ed to 3aki2tan to be clo2e to the na2cent Af7han Jihad./citation needed 0

6n the third mao52e of >elper2- in 3e2ha1ar toeMpand A;;amT2 ability to 25pport V Af7han Arab e 7ranted Qhadr a letter of commendation to take back to Ranadianmo2N5e2, callin7 for donation2. >o1e+er, the pair had a 2en2ationali2t 2ho1do1n 1hen Qhadr

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam&action=edit&section=5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Movement_(disambiguation)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_Revolutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_Revolutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shahhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shahhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theocracyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatollahhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeinihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Mosque_Seizurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Mosque_Seizurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meccahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/40th_Army_(Soviet_Union)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam&action=edit&section=6https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_invasion_of_Afghanistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatwahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatwahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-DMLFOAI-13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jihadhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Muftihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Muftihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Muftihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_al-Aziz_Bin_Bazhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_al-Aziz_Bin_Bazhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Islamic_University,_Islamabadhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshawarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maktab_al-Khadamathttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-Atkins-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-Commins-174-16https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-Commins-174-16https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-rashid-129-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-rashid-129-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-rashid-129-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Passhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safed_Kohhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safed_Kohhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_Kushhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-18https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_Atefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_Atefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-noodles-19https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghan_Arabshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed_Khadrhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed_Khadrhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam&action=edit&section=5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Movement_(disambiguation)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_Revolutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shahhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theocracyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatollahhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeinihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Mosque_Seizurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Mosque_Seizurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meccahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/40th_Army_(Soviet_Union)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam&action=edit&section=6https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_invasion_of_Afghanistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatwahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-DMLFOAI-13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jihadhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Muftihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_al-Aziz_Bin_Bazhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_al-Aziz_Bin_Bazhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Islamic_University,_Islamabadhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshawarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maktab_al-Khadamathttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-Atkins-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-Commins-174-16https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-Commins-174-16https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-rashid-129-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-rashid-129-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Passhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safed_Kohhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_Kushhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-18https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_Atefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-noodles-19https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghan_Arabshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed_Khadr


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in2i2ted that he had a ri7ht to kno1 ho1 the money 1o5ld be 2pent, and A;;amP2 25pporter2 labelledQhadr a We2tern 2py. A 4haria co5rt 1a2 con+ened in bin adenP2 compo5nd, and A;;am 1a2 fo5nd75ilty of 2preadin7 alle7ation2 a7ain2t Qhadr, tho57h no 2entence 1a2 impo2ed. /)?0

mployin7 tactic2 of a2ymmetric 1arfare, the Af7han re2i2tance mo+ement 1a2 able to fend off the4o+iet SnionP2 25perior military force2 thro57ho5t mo2t of the 1ar, altho57h the li7htly armed

Af7han m5


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mo+ement./0 6n %&&, after the 4o+iet2 p5lled o5t of Af7hani2tan, A;;am and hi2 dep5ty @2ama binaden decided to keep their mo+ement permanent and fo5nded the Al 9aeda./0

ike earlier infl5ential 62lami2t 4ayyid 95tb, A;;am 5r7ed the creation of Opioneerin7 +an75ardO, a2the core of a ne1 62lamic 2ociety. OBhi2 +an75ard con2tit5te2 the 2olid ba2eO /Naeda in Arabic0 for thehoped8for 2ociety ... We 2hall contin5e the o1e+er, it 1a2 reported that Gin aden and

A;;am al2o had a ma


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fa+ored 52in7 the or7ani;ation to train fi7hter2 in +ario52 part2 of the 1orld 1hile A;;am fa+oredkeepin7 the trainin7 camp2 in Af7hani2tan./0

Let another actor acc52ed of the hit i2 the 6ranian =ini2try of 6ntelli7ence,/'?0 an acti+e ad+er2ary of4alafi 62lam. 6n )??&, Jordanian do5ble a7ent >5mam Qhalil Ab58=5lal al8Gala1i claimed kno1led7eof Jordanian Iairat al8=5khabarat al8Ammah cooperation 1ith the R6A to 2et 5p the a22a22ination. /'%0

"egacy /edit0

After hi2 death, A;;amT2 militant ideolo7y and related paramilitary man5al2 1ere promoted thro57hprint and 6nternet media by A;;am 35blication2,/')0 a p5bli2hin7 ho52e that operated from a ondonpo2t office boM/'0 and an 6nternet 2ite. /''0 Goth 1ere 2h5t do1n 2hortly after the 4eptember %%, )??%attack2 and are no lon7er acti+e, tho57h mirror 2ite2 per2i2ted for 2ome time after1ard2. Gabar

Ahmad, the alle7ed admini2trator of a;;am.com, i2 a1aitin7 eMtradition from the SQ to the S4A.

A;;am pop5lari;ed the idea of armed 62lamic 2tr577le (1hich 1ent on to be de+eloped f5rther by7ro5p2 25ch a2 the Armed 62lamic Kro5p of Al7eria (K6A-,/'C0- 3rior to hi2 1ork, declaration2 of ero of the north.U/C?0

• U=52lim2 cannot be defeated by other2. We =52lim2 are not defeated by o5r enemie2, b5t

in2tead, 1e are defeated by o5r o1n 2el+e2.U/citation needed 0

• U@nce Ir =52a Gin8=5hammad Gin8Lahya al89arni a2ked A;;am: 4haykh Abdallah, do yo5

2till belie+e that =a22o5d i2 the hero of Af7hani2tanY

A;;am replied: 6ndeed he i2 the hero of 62lam.U

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-uoozvz-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_Ministry_of_Intelligencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-40https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-40https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_agenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humam_Khalil_Abu-Mulal_al-Balawihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humam_Khalil_Abu-Mulal_al-Balawihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dairat_al-Mukhabarat_al-Ammahhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-test-41https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam&action=edit&section=9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-42https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-43https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-44https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_11,_2001_attackshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_11,_2001_attackshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_11,_2001_attackshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirror_websitehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babar_Ahmadhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babar_Ahmadhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babar_Ahmadhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babar_Ahmadhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed_Islamic_Group_of_Algeriahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-Kepel-144-45https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-Kepel-147-46https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-gorka-2009-47https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-kadri-166-48https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Qaedahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Qaedahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-49https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam&action=edit&section=10https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmad_Shah_Massoudhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-Al-Hayat.2FAriana-50https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-uoozvz-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_Ministry_of_Intelligencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-40https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_agenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humam_Khalil_Abu-Mulal_al-Balawihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dairat_al-Mukhabarat_al-Ammahhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-test-41https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam&action=edit&section=9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-42https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-43https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-44https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_11,_2001_attackshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_11,_2001_attackshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirror_websitehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babar_Ahmadhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babar_Ahmadhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed_Islamic_Group_of_Algeriahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-Kepel-144-45https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-Kepel-147-46https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-gorka-2009-47https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-kadri-166-48https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Qaedahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-49https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam&action=edit&section=10https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmad_Shah_Massoudhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_note-Al-Hayat.2FAriana-50https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed


8/12

Written $orks/edit0

• Defence of the Muslim Lands& $he irst !bli"ation after aith, %&E& (many typo7raphical

error2-$ )??) (2econd n7li2h ed., re+i2ed 1ith impro+ed citation2 and 2pellin7.- 62 a 2t5dy onthe le7al r5lin72 of Jihad. 6t di2c522e2 the type2 of Jihad, the condition2 5nder 1hich Jihad

become2 an obli7ation 5pon all =52lim2, parent2T permi22ion, fi7htin7 in the ab2ence of the62lamic 4tate and peace treatie2 1ith the enemy.-/%0

• 'oin the (ara)an, %&E, %&&% (2econd n7li2h ed.- (An appeal for =52lim2 to e2tabli2h Va

2olid fo5ndation a2 a ba2e for 62lam in Af7hani2tan by eMpellin7 the H522ian in+ader2 of thi2=52lim land. Bhe a5thor N5oted eMten2i+ely from the 95ran and the ahadeeth in e2tabli2hin7 hi2


9/12

• >a2an al8Ganna

• Ja+ed Ahmed Khamidi

• Qh5r2hid Ahmad

• =ohammad Amin al8>52ayni

• 4ayyid Ab5l Ala =a5d5di

• 4ayyid 95tb

• L525f al89arada1i

• Gri7ade2 of Abd5llah A;;am

•

Abd5llah A;;am 4haheed Gri7ade

References/edit0

%. Jump up ̂ /iedel, +ruce 011 -e2 341156 7$he 8911 Attac*s’ -2iritual ather7 6 +roo*in"s6/etrie)ed 34 :o)ember 34136

). Jump up ̂ .eter +roo*es 01 March 344;56 A De)ilman ? Littlefield6 226 @@6 B-+: 8;C#4#;3E#8E@#16/etrie)ed 34 :o)ember34136

. Z J5mp 5p to: a b c d e f g 7+ill Moers 'ournal6 A +rief Fistor of Al Gaeda7 6 .+-6com6 'ul 3;,344;6 /etrie)ed 3413#4@#@16

'. Jump up ̂ GGR *e12: Gin aden bio7raphy, )? *o+ember )??%

C. Jump up ̂ Qepel, Kille2. 'ihad . >ar+ard Sni+er2ity 3re22, ()??)-, p. %'C

D. Z J5mp 5p to: a b =ri"ht, La>rence 0344H56 $he Loomin" $o>er& Al#Gaeda and the road to 89116:e> Yor*& Alfred A6 Ino2f 6 B-+: 8;C4@;E1CH3 6

E. Jump up ̂ Ieadly mbrace: 3aki2tan, America and the F5t5re of KlobalJihadhttp:[[111.brookin72.ed5[e+ent2[)?%%[?%%\paki2tan\america.a2pM

. Jump up ̂ Ieadly mbrace: 3aki2tan, America and the F5t5re of Klobal Jihad, tran2cript /%0

&. Jump up ̂ Bhe &[%% Attack2T 4pirit5alFather http:[[111.brookin72.ed5[opinion2[)?%%[?&%%\riedel.a2pM

%?. Jump up ̂ Allen, Rharle2. Jodn =ords6 Jhazale, .ascale, trans6 +el*na2.ress of Far)ard %ni)ersit .ress6 B-+: 8;C4H;43C4@6

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasan_al-Bannahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javed_Ahmed_Ghamidihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khurshid_Ahmad_(Islamic_scholar)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad_Amin_al-Husaynihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayyid_Abul_Ala_Maududihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayyid_Qutbhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yusuf_al-Qaradawihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brigades_of_Abdullah_Azzamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Azzam_Shaheed_Brigadehttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam&action=edit&section=13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-Riedel_1-0http://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2011/09/11-riedelhttp://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2011/09/11-riedelhttp://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2011/09/11-riedelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-2https://books.google.com/books?id=Uw1WGl0iHa0C&pg=PA33https://books.google.com/books?id=Uw1WGl0iHa0C&pg=PA33https://books.google.com/books?id=Uw1WGl0iHa0C&pg=PA33https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7425-4953-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-6https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-6https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-6http://www.pbs.org/moyers/journal/07272007/alqaeda.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC_Newshttp://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/1667010.stmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-wright_6-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-wright_6-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-wright_6-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-wright_6-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-wright_6-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Wrighthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Looming_Towerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Looming_Towerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Looming_Towerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_A._Knopfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_A._Knopfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780375414862https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-7http://www.brookings.edu/events/2011/0118_pakistan_america.aspxhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-8http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/events/2011/0118_pakistan/20110118_deadly_embrace.pdfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-9http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2011/0911_riedel.aspxhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-10https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-6https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-6https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-6https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-7https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-8https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-8https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-8https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674028043https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasan_al-Bannahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javed_Ahmed_Ghamidihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khurshid_Ahmad_(Islamic_scholar)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad_Amin_al-Husaynihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayyid_Abul_Ala_Maududihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayyid_Qutbhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yusuf_al-Qaradawihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brigades_of_Abdullah_Azzamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Azzam_Shaheed_Brigadehttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam&action=edit&section=13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-Riedel_1-0http://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2011/09/11-riedelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-2https://books.google.com/books?id=Uw1WGl0iHa0C&pg=PA33https://books.google.com/books?id=Uw1WGl0iHa0C&pg=PA33https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7425-4953-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-uoozvz_3-6http://www.pbs.org/moyers/journal/07272007/alqaeda.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC_Newshttp://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/1667010.stmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-wright_6-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-wright_6-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Wrighthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Looming_Towerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_A._Knopfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780375414862https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-7http://www.brookings.edu/events/2011/0118_pakistan_america.aspxhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-8http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/events/2011/0118_pakistan/20110118_deadly_embrace.pdfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-9http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2011/0911_riedel.aspxhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-10https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-6https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-7https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-8https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam#cite_ref-hegghammer_11-9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674028043


10/12

%). Z J5mp 5p to: a b c d e UGio7raphy of 4haheed Abd5llah A;;amU. 6n A;;am, Abd5llahL525f. Defenceof the Muslim Lands& $he irst !bli"ation after Bman. Bran2.

%. Z J5mp 5p to: a b c Iefence of the =52lim and2$ Bhe Fir2t @bli7ation After 6man$ Gio7raphy of Abd5llah A;;am and 6ntrod5ction, by Abd5llah A;;am (4haheed-, n7li2h tran2lation 1ork done byGrother2 in Hibatt.] reli7io2cope.com

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