Abdominal Exam - SCHOOL NURSING 101 · 2016-09-25 · Abdominal Physical Exam Palpaon óStart...
Transcript of Abdominal Exam - SCHOOL NURSING 101 · 2016-09-25 · Abdominal Physical Exam Palpaon óStart...
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WinterQuarter2010AdaptedfrompreviousyearsbyAmandaKocoloski,OMSIV
AbdominalExam
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Agenda
ó Historyó Anatomyó Physicaló Prac4cecases
ó 2gastrointes4nalcomplaintsó Workonincorpora4ngGIintohistoryandphysicalexamskills
ó Prac4cedocumenta4on
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History
CommonComplaints:ó Abdominalpainó Changeinappe4teó Dysphagia/Odynophagia
ó Difficultorpainfulswallowing
ó Nausea/Vomi4ngó Jaundice
ó Changeinbowelhabitsó Melena/Hematochezia
ó Darktarryorredstools
ó Hemorrhoidsó Analpruri4s
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Anatomy
Regions(Anatomical) Quadrants(Clinical)
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SurfaceAnatomy
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EnhancingtheExam
ó Emptybladderó Pa4entcomfort(pillowsanddraping)ó Armsatsideorcrossedoverchestó Askthepa4enttopointtoanypainfulareas;examinelast
ó Warmhandsandstethoscopeó Ticklishornervouspa4ents:slowmovements,distrac4on,usetheirhands
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ExamOrder
ó Inspec4onó Ausculta4on
ó Percussionorpalpa4oncanalterbowelsoundfrequency
ó BonusQues4on:Whatisthemedicaltermfor“stomachgrowling”?ó Borborygmus
ó Percussionó Palpa4on
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AbdominalPhysicalExamInspec4on
ó Contouró Flató Scaphoidó Distendedó Symmetry
ó Movementó Peristal4có Respira4onsó Aor4cpulsa4on
ó Skinó Scars–cicatrixó Striaeó Discolora4onó Venouspa_ernsó Edema
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AbdominalPhysicalExamAusculta4on
ó 4quadrantsó 15-20secondsó Bowelsounds
ó Frequencyó Pitch
ó VascularSoundsó Renaló Iliacó Femoral
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AbdominalPhysicalExamPercussion
ó NotesElicitedó Tympanic
ó PredominantduetogasinGItractó Hyperresonantó Dull
ó Organs,fluidandfecesó Flat
ó Distensionofabdomenó Fluidvs.Air
ó OutlineOrgansó Liver,spleen,andgastricbubble
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AbdominalPhysicalExamPalpa4on
ó Startfarthestfrompainandmovetowardsitó 4abdominalquadrants
ó Lightpalpa4onó Deeppalpa4on
ó Peritonealinflamma4onó Painwithcoughing,gentlepalpa4onó Involuntaryrigidityó Reboundtenderness
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AbdominalPhysicalExamPalpa4on-LehUpperQuadrant
ó Liver:lehlobeó Spleenó Stomachó Jejunumandproximalileumó Pancreas:bodyandtailó Lehkidneyó Lehsuprarenalglandó Lehcolic(splenic)flexureó Transversecolon:lehhalfó Descendingcolon:superior
part
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ó Liver:lehlobeó Spleenó Stomachó Jejunumandproximalileumó Pancreas:bodyandtailó LehKidneyó LehSuprarenalglandó Lehcolic(splenic)flexureó Transversecolon:lehhalfó Descendingcolon:superior
part
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AbdominalPhysicalExamPalpa4on-LehUpperQuadrant
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AbdominalPhysicalExamPalpa4on-RightUpperQuadrant
ó Liver:rightlobeó Gallbladderó Stomach:pylorusó Duodenum:parts1-3ó Pancreas:headó Rightsuprarenalglandó Rightkidneyó Rightcolic(hepa4c)flexureó Ascendingcolon:superior
partó Transversecolon:righthalf
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AbdominalPhysicalExamPalpa4on-RightUpperQuadrant
ó Liver:rightlobeó Gallbladder–Murphy’s
signó Stomach:pylorusó Duodenum:parts1-3ó Pancreas:headó Rightsuprarenalglandó Rightkidneyó Rightcolic(hepa4c)flexureó Ascendingcolon:superior
partó Transversecolon:righthalf
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AbdominalPhysicalExamPalpa4on-RightLowerQuadrant
ó Cecumó Vermiformappendix
ó McBurney’spointó Rovsing’ssignó Psoassignó Obturatorsign
ó Mostofileumó Ascendingcolon:inferior
partó Rightovaryó Rightuterinetubeó Rightsperma4ccordó Uterus(ifenlarged)ó Urinarybladder(iffull)
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AbdominalPhysicalExamPalpa4on-RightLowerQuadrant
ó Cecumó Vermiformappendix
ó McBurney’sPointó Rovsing’ssignó Psoassignó Obturatorsign
ó Mostofileumó Ascendingcolon:inferior
partó Rightovaryó Rightuterinetubeó Rightsperma4ccordó Uterus(ifenlarged)ó Urinarybladder(iffull)
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18Walgreens.com
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AbdominalPhysicalExamPalpa4on-LehLowerQuadrant
ó Sigmoidcolonó Descendingcolon:inferiorpart
ó Lehovaryó Lehuterinetubeó Lehureter:abdominalpart
ó Lehsperma4ccord:abdominalpart
ó Uterus(ifenlarged)ó Urinarybladder(iffull)
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AbdominalPhysicalExamPalpa4on-LehLowerQuadrant
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ó Sigmoidcolonó Descendingcolon:inferiorpart
ó Lehovaryó Lehuterinetubeó Lehureter:abdominalpart
ó Lehsperma4ccord:abdominalpart
ó Uterus(ifenlarged)ó Urinarybladder(iffull)
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Extrasó AbdominalAortaó InguinalLymphNodesó Costovertebralangle(CVA)tenderness
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AbdominalPhysicalExamPrac4ce-20Minutes
• Inspec4on– Contour– Skin– Movement
• Ausculta4on– Bowelsounds– Vascularsounds
• Percussion– Abdomenformassesorfluid
– Liverspan– Spleen– Gastricbubble
• Palpate– Generalpalpa4on– Liver– Gallbladder– Spleen– RandLkidneys– Abdominalaorta– Inguinallymphnodes
• Special:– Murphy’ssign– McBurney’spoint– Rovsing’ssign– Psoassign– Obturatorsign– Reboundtenderness– CVAtenderness
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