ABC Course

Welcome to the ‘Achieving Behavioural Change’ (ABC)

Course

Presented by:

NAME

Communication and Worker Engagement Training

Produced from original work for:

The Department for Work and Pensions (2003 to 2007)

This must be read in conjunction with the Tutor Notes

Working in Partnership

Administration

Fire & First Aid Arrangements Refreshments / Meal Breaks Mobile Phones Smoking Policy Welfare Facilities


Ice Breaker

Introduce another person

Company, job they do Experience – safety training?

Something interesting, e.g......– Claim to fame!– Interests


Aim

To enhance delegates existing training / experience with an understanding of the influence they as individuals have on health & safety performance, as an integral part of what we do.

To develop a partnership in which all persons involved with “xxx” projects will have an input into achieving the goal of “ABC” through the life of the project.


What is ABC?

‘Achieving Behavioural Change (ABC)’

– A determination and belief that no one should have to be injured, or worse in the course of their work.

– The need of communication and worker engagement in reporting near hits/misses, as a positive means of preventing ill-health and severe accidents and incidents


Following the course you will be able to: List the Legal Duties of Employers and Employees Define Hazards, Risks and Control Measures List Possible Causes of Accidents Appreciate the Link between Attitude, Behaviour, Consultation and

Cooperation (communication and worker engagement) Appreciate the Costs of Poor Safety Performance Appreciate the Benefits of Good Safety Performance and positives

of reporting near hits/ misses Put ‘ABC’ into Practice using the ‘STAARR’ & ‘TASK’ Card Successfully Complete the Course Assessment

Objectives


Legal reasons

Financial reasons

Moral reasons

Why Manage Health and Safety?

Legal Duties


Exercise 1 – Consequences of an Accident

In your groups discuss and complete the exercise as instructed on the form


Facts about Health & Safety

Fatal & ill Health - Figures are for years 1981 to 2006/2007

0

2040

60

80100

120

140160

180


Not intended to stop work being done Intended to make those with duties Stop and Think

how it can be done safely

Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 Provides good framework for H&S in workplaces Sets minimum standards Makes safety everyone's business

Health and Safety at Work?


Exercise 2 – Legal Duties



Legal DutiesEmployers

Ensure health & safety of employees Ensure health & safety of others Provide safe systems and procedures Provide training, supervision etc. Provide safe workplace and equipment Provide welfare facilities and first aid cover Consultation with employees


Legal DutiesEmployees

Ensure your own health & safety Ensure health & safety of others Co-operate with your employer Don’t interfere with safety equipment etc. Report health & safety problems Use equipment safely as trained


“It shall be the duty of every employer to ensure,

so far as is reasonably practicable

the health, safety and welfare at work

of all his/her employees”.

Reasonably Practicable – 1


Reasonably Practicable – 2

•Cost of implementing V’s Risk

(Time, effort etc). High, Medium, Low

•Cost of maintaining. Extent of Risk Elimination/Reduction


Penalties for getting it wrong – 1

Magistrates Court– Fine up to £20,000 and/or– Prison 6 months

Crown Court– Fine £Unlimited and/or prison– Example most recent: £15,000,000


Penalties for getting it wrong – 2

Compensation – Insurance Excess

Negligence

Contributory Negligence

Hazard, Risk and Control


Exercise 3 – Health & Safety Problems



Foreseeable

75% of Accidents deemed Foreseeable.

If Foreseeable - Then Preventable!

Behaviour– Alertness– Hazard Spotting

Reporting– Actual and Potential

Attitude to Risk– Workplace standards – Unsafe Acts/Conditions– Reporting of Near Hits/Misses


Accident Triangle – Positive Reporting

The Industry

With True NearMiss Reporting

& Behavioural Change

FatalsMajors3 Day+First AidNear Hit-Misses


Definitions – 1

• Hazard

A hazard is something with the potential to cause harm. • Risk

The risk is the likelihood of the harm occurring,during the work coupled with the severity.

• Risk Assessment

Structured and systematic technique to identify hazards,evaluate risks and prioritise actions.


Definitions – 2

• Method Statement

A documented logical description of a task.

• Risk Control

The measures taken to eliminate hazard or reduce risk to an acceptable level.


Suitable Controls – ‘ERIC’ Principles

Eliminate Reduce / Substitute (with lesser risk) Engineering controls

– (Isolation, Containment, Guarding) Safe systems of work

– (Information, Instruction, Supervision, Training,)

Warning signage PPE Control

A combination of some or all

may be needed until

risk is adequately controlled


What is a ‘STAAR’ / ‘TASK’ card?

A point of work assessment completed by you A tool which is intended to:

– Compliment the formal risk assessment– Prompts and reminds us to:

–Consider our workplace–Consider our activity–Consider the potential for accidents

You must carry your card at all times on site


What isWhat is S.T.A.A.R.R.?A tool asking individuals to:A tool asking individuals to:

TThink hink

AAct ct

RRevieweview

AAssessssess

RReport eport

Before commencing the task / job &

Your controls

On Additional controls ?

Upon completion

Problems encountered

Use the tool to help you


How is it used / operatedS.T.A.A.R.R.

Contractors staff issued with ‘STAARR’ cardCompleted by individuals at the point of work, before commence of the task.Other contractors working in the area.Other hazards introducedOnly one assessment need be completed in a groupAll team members sign / initial appropriate section


Operatives

Complete your group exercise entitled

“Motivating Safety Behaviour”

Managers / Supervisors

View the following video clips then Complete Part 2 of the tool

kit form “Point of Work Assessment”“STAARR”

24

Other's (specify) Risk to you from others 12

Risk to others from your work 23Vehicle 11

Uncertified equip. (see supervisor) 22Stored energy or insecure load 10

Adverse weather 21Manual Handling 9

Temperature 20Object overturning / collapsing 8

Poor lighting 19Contact with stationary object 7

Contamination (loose, airborne) 18Risk to plant 6

Electricity 17Heat / fire / explosion 5

Vibration 16Chemicals / harmful substances 4

Noise 15Falling / flying objects 3

Fumes 14Falls from height 2

Dusts 131Slips, trips or falls on same level 1

Point of Work Assessment Identify any hazards that have not been identified in formal risk assessment/method statement.

Video Clip 1Video Clip 1

PAR

T 2

TH

INK

PAR

T 2

TH

INK


Introducing the ‘TASK’ Card

Think first

Act safe

Stop if hazardous

Keep safe

Causes of accidents


Near hit / missNear hit / miss

Hazard – Unsafe Act or Condition

Death

Plant/equip Damage Plant/equip Damage

Serious injury

First aid injuryUnplanned Event

AccidentAccident

Incident

Outcome

Unplanned Events and Outcomes


Safe Behaviour

Causes of accidents are:-– Unsafe Acts– Unsafe Conditions

People cause accidents!

NAPO


Exercise 4A – Unsafe Acts



Unsafe Acts

Standing on top step of step ladders Removing guards from machines Leaving materials on floor of a corridor Blocking a doorway or escape route Not wearing correct PPE Putting chemicals in unmarked containers Using machines or tools without training


Exercise 4B – Unsafe Conditions



Unsafe Conditions

Unstable or dangerous working platform Dangerous machinery Materials and trip hazards on floor Blocked access routes and exits Excessive noise levels, or dust in air etc. Overcrowding External factors such as weather etc.


Causes of Unsafe Acts and/or Conditions

Lack of:-– Experience– Training

Poor Supervision Laziness Distractions Pressures:-

– Peers– Management

Cost:-– Time– Equipment

Personal Pressures:-– Your team playing

tonight?– Problems at home

Human Errors– Forgetfulness


Chain of events

Lack of ControlUnsafe Acts

Unsafe ConditionsAccident

Consequences


Exercise 5 – Costs of Accidents



Business costs:

Lost time Damaged equipment and materials Loss of contracts Loss of expertise Higher insurance premiums Damaged reputation Fines, Compensation Claims etc.


Human Cost of Accidents

Physical injury or ill health Pain and suffering Loss of earnings Treatment / medication costs Temporary or permanent inability to enjoy pastime

activities / hobbies and possible Change of Job Change of Lifestyle Stress to family/friends


Cost of Accidents

Ian wasn’t killed in a building site accident

He just lost his life…

VIDEO

Attitude and Behaviour


Reminder: Causes of Unsafe Acts/Conditions

Lack of:-– Experience– Training

Poor Supervision Laziness Distractions Pressures:-

– Peers– Management

Cost:-– Time– Equipment

Personal Pressures:-– Your team playing

tonight?– Problems at home

Human Errors– Forgetfulness

NAPO


Results of behaviour

Safe AttitudePhysical actions

Effect on selfEffect on others

Safe Outcome


Results of Behaviour

Safe AttitudePhysical actions

Effect on selfEffect on others

Safe Outcome

Unsafe Attitude

Unsafe Outcome


Experience and Attitude

Experience shapes our attitudes

NAPO


Experience and Behaviour

Take a short cut

Nothing Accident/Injury

You were lucky

You will do it the same way again(Habit)

HOW LONG WILL LUCK LAST?

You learned the hard way

Next time do it differently(Correct way)

WILL YOU GET A NEXT TIME?


What else influences attitudes?

Previous experienceOther’s opinionsKnowledge TrainingPerception


Motivation for Safe Behaviour

Definition:

The enthusiasm for doing something continually safely


Exercise 6 – Motivation for Safe Behaviour



Motivation for Safe Behaviour

Reward:– Financial bonus– Promotion– Extra responsibility– Incentive schemes

Active Encouragement of Involvement in:– Decisions on Consultation– Risk Assessments– Safe Systems of Work

Provision of:– Training– Good Working Environment– Welfare Facilities

Explanation of Ultimate Consequences

Consistent/Controlled Discipline


How to Motivate for Safe Behaviour

Effective clear and timely communication Co-operation and Co-ordination Selection of Competent Persons Sharing Ownership Providing Leadership Never ignoring safety problems Not allowing pressures or other priorities to

influence them to condone deviations or short cuts Being polite Praising safe performance


Safety Culture

“The way we do things around here”

Benefits of getting it right


Exercise 7 – Benefits



Benefits of ‘ABC’:

Safe working environmentHealthy working environmentBetter lifestyle – less stressSavings in time and moneyA good reputationConsistent safe working

Achieving the ‘ABC’ Goal


Understand your legal responsibilities Change of attitudes Influence behaviour – report near hits/misses

and ensure lessons are learnt Identify possible hazards Eliminate or control hazards Realisation of benefits Communicate with others Practice what you preach

Achieving the ‘ABC’ Goal:


Achieving the ‘ABC’ GoalEmployers’ Actions

– Induction– Continuous Training– Refreshers– Good Working

Environment– Sufficient well

maintained equipment– Safe Systems of Work

– Appropriate Supervision– Good Communication– Consultation– Regular Team Briefings– Safety Meetings– Tool Box Talks– Resources


Achieving the ‘ABC’ GoalEmployees Actions

Site Rules:-– Understand & follow them

Induction/Toolbox Talks:-– Listen and ask questions

Comply with SSoW Report problems and watch out for Hazards Check equipment and tags Communicate with others Set a personal example of safe behaviour IF IN ANY DOUBT – ASK – Remember yours is a dynamic

changing environment


What can we use to prevent this?

A tool designed to help prevention of error– the ‘STAAR’ / ‘TASK’ card

Forgetfulness?


Completed by individuals at point of task– Before commencement of the job

Checked / updated when task / workplace changes– Other contractors move into working area – Other hazards introduced

Only one assessment needed in a group– All team members sign/initial appropriate section

How is ‘STAARR’ & ‘TASK’ Used and Operated


Task Use and Operation

Only needs to identify problems not in original Risk Assessment

For each hazard identified and ticked there must be an appropriate control

Control measures if...– Complex or– In doubt or– Group cannot agree

Must consult management before continuing


Exercise 8 – Use of ‘STAAR’ / TASK’ card

In groups, complete each exercise as instructed on the form.

VIDEO


Dedicated telephone number – xxx will be answered between 0900-1700hrs Monday to Friday

After hours – Answer service only

Contact Hotline


Contact Hotline

Report Received Form sent to EHS Investigated immediately by appointed EHS and

depending upon severity no later than within 5 working days

Response sent back to the office Conclusion to be posted onto site notice boards or

as appropriate for nature of complaint


DWP Hotline – Questions Asked

Name (optional anonymity will be respected) Site Name of Contractor Sub-Contractor if applicable Date of Health & Safety Issue Nature of Health & Safety Issue Injury or property damage Management response Would you like a response to this issue?


Legal Duties - Employer & Employee Hazard, Risk and Control Causes of Accidents Attitude, Behaviour – Communication & Worker

Engagement Benefits of Getting in Right – Problem &

Solution Solving Achieving the ‘ABC’ Goal Integral to what we should be doing!

Summary


Course test

‘We hope you enjoyed and benefited from participating in this course’.

Have a Safe Journey Home

ABC Course

Documents

Transcript of ABC Course