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History of Computing
History of Computing
Abacus – invented by the Chinese
3000 BC
History of Computing
• 1600s first use of the term computer
•19th Century, computers referred to machines performing calculation
Charles Babbage mechanical computer
1600 - 1832
History of Computing
Z1, first electronic/mechanical computer designed and constructed by Konrad Zuse
Two years to build – by one person!
First to use BINARY code to program
1936
History of ComputingColossus - first electric programmable computer
Built during WWII to break enemy codes.
History of Computing
Harvard Mark I
• 15 meters long!• 2 to 6 seconds to add two numbers
1944
History of Computing
ENIAC
• it was about the size of a small gym
• capable of 5000 calculations per second
• initially built for the army
• used for predicting weather after the war
1946
History of ComputingUNIVAC
• capable of 8300 calculations per second
• first commercial computer
• first used for census tabulation
keyboard entry
magnetic tapes
1951
History of Computing
“Big Brother”
• capable of 16,000 calculations per second
• International Business Machines
• main memory holds 2048 words “tube”
1952
IBM 701 Machines
IBM 701 Processor
Individual tubes
History of Computing“Space Race” forced computers to become smaller
1950s to 1960s
History of Computing 1958 - 1971
1958 – invention of the Integrated Circuit (the “chip”)
1964 – the first mouse
1969 – ARPAnet – original internet
1971 – “floppy” disks
History of Computing 1971 - 1981
1971 – IBM 5100
First Consumer Computers
1976/77– Apple I & II 1979-1981 TRS-80
History of Computing 1980s and 1990s
More Personal Computers
History of ComputingMobile Computing
1980s and 1990s
History of ComputingEarly Tablets
History of ComputingComputing Speeds – then and now
1944 – 2 to 6 seconds to add two numbers
2012 – 177,730,000,000 instructions per second (home computer)
2012 – 27,000,000,000,000,000 instructions per second (Titan Supercomputer)
In one hour, the Titan computer will do as much work as a home computer can do in 20 years.
History of ComputingPortable Media Storage Comparison
2012 – average USB memory stick has 16 GB of memory
= 11,428 3.5” floppy disks or 22,222 5.25” floppy disks
History of Computing