AASHTO - Design Guidance for Construction Work...
Transcript of AASHTO - Design Guidance for Construction Work...
Design Guidance for
Construction Work Zones on
High-Speed Highways
Kevin M. Mahoney
Penn State UniversityAASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting
August 2, 2006
San Juan, Puerto Rico
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Panel, NCHRP 3-69
James Kladianos, WY DOT
Russel Lenz, TX DOT
Herbert (Bert) Roy, NYS DOT
Robert Schlicht, FHWA
John Smith, MS DOT
Xiaoduan Sun, U of LA
J. Richard Young, PBSJ
Kenneth Opiela, FHWA
Frank Lisle, TRB
Charles Niessner, NCHRP
Michael Christensen, MnDOT (Retired) - Chair
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Reviewers
James Brewer, KS DOT
Debbie Guest, LA DOTD
Mohammad Kahn, OH DOT
Glenn Rowe, PennDOT
Marcella Saenz, TX DOT
Norman Schips, NYS DOT
David Smith, NH DOT
Barbara Solberg, MD SHA
Marty Weed, WS DOT
Scott Zeller, WS DOT
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Overview
� Construction work zone:
.. area occupied for three or more days …
� High-speed highways:
… 85th percentile free-flow speed of 50 mph or greater
� Coverage:… information or guidance not available in another nationally
referenced publication
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Final Deliverable, NCHRP 3-69
� Research report (summary of methods)
� Hard copy appendix: Design Guidance � Dual units: Metric [US Customary]
� Green Book format and conventions
� CD: Work Zone Speed Prediction Model and User’s Manual
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Design Guidance
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Design Guidance
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
State DOT Priorities
Design Guidance
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Design Guidance: Contents
1. Terminology
2. Controls, Concepts and Principles
3. Conceptual Design and Planning
4. Roadway Design
5. Roadside Design and Barrier Placement
6. Ancillary Design Information
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Design Guidance: Contents
1. Terminology
2. Controls, Concepts and Principles
3. Conceptual Design and Planning
4. Roadway Design
5. Roadside Design and Barrier Placement
6. Ancillary Design Information
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Conceptual Design and Planning
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Conceptual Design and Planning
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Conceptual Design and Planning
Screening two-lane road strategies
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Conceptual Design and PlanningScreening multi-lane road strategies
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Contracting Strategies and Issues
� A+Bx
� Design-Build
� Incentive-Disincentive
� Lane rental
� Night construction
� Review of contractor WZ designs
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Higher agency cost
Higher safety risks
Disrupts normal social patterns
of work force
Noise
Possible compromise in
construction quality
Lower traffic volumes and
lower traffic impacts
Lower impacts to commercial
activity
DisadvantagesAdvantages
Perceived Consequences of Night Work
Contracting Strategies and Issues
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Contracting Strategies and IssuesFramework for Reviewing
Contractor Work Zone
Designs
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Design Guidance: Contents
1. Terminology
2. Controls, Concepts and Principles
3. Conceptual Design and Planning
4. Roadway Design
5. Roadside Design and Barrier Placement
6. Ancillary Design Information
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
� Many DOTs indicated not having an established procedure for SE in WZs
� 8 DOTs use different SE approach for WZsthan permanent roads; 7 use Method 2 distribution
� Recommended guidance: Method 2 or 5
Superelevation-Horizontal Curvature
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Sight Distance
� Half of states responding to survey (16 of 32) do not apply stopping sight distance criteria to WZ design
� Recommended guidance: Provide at least 300 ft of SD with 3.5 ft eye height and 2.0 object height
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Roadway Design: Diversion
Example plan view
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Roadway Design: Diversion
Example normal crown and superelevated sections
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Roadway Design: Median Crossover
Example plan view
Connecting
Roadway Directional roadway
used for two-way traffic
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Roadway Design: Use of Shoulder
Example plan view
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Roadway Design: Interchange Ramps
� Combination of TTC and geometry
� Entrance and exit ramps
� Temporary ramps (with crossovers)
� Minimum acceleration/deceleration lane lengths
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Roadway Design: Interchange Ramps
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Summary of process
1. The minimum acceleration lane length is
determined using Green
Book criteria. The top figure
is the base value that may
need adjustment for grade.
2. If an acceleration lane
length equal or greater than
the minimum criteria value is
provided, no YIELD sign is warranted.
3. If an acceleration lane
length less than the minimum criteria value is
provided, the bottom figure
is applied to determine
appropriate signing.
Roadway Design: Interchange RampsMaryland SHA process
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Design Guidance: Contents
1. Terminology
2. Controls, Concepts and Principles
3. Conceptual Design and Planning
4. Roadway Design
5. Roadside Design and Barrier Placement
6. Ancillary Design Information
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Principles of Roadside Design• forgiving roadside/clear zone• identification and treatment of hazards• benefit-cost analysis• other considerations
o length of needo flare rateso end treatmentso crash cushions
Roadside Safety Analysis
Program• adaptation to work zones • benefit-cost analysis• common scenarios
Existing Guidance (DOTs, RDG)• adjusted clear zone • types of construction hazards requiring analysis
• gaps
Roadside Design and
Barrier Placement
(Chapter 5)
Roadside Design and Barrier Placement
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Guidance for Generic Scenarios:
1. Right Lane and Shoulder Closure for Part-Width Construction on
a Four-Lane Divided Highway
2. Shoulder Closure on a Four-Lane Divided Highway with Minor
Encroachment
3. Median Work on a Four-Lane Divided Highway with Minor Encroachment
4. Bridge Reconstruction with Temporary Diversion/Runaround on
a Two-Lane, Two-Way Highway
5. Separation of Two-Lane, Two-Way Traffic on a Normally Divided
Facility (Results based on Ross & Sicking)6. Protection of a Normally Downstream Barrier End for Two-Lane,
Two-Way Traffic on a Normally Divided Facility
Roadside Design and Barrier Placement
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Scenario 1: Shoulder Closure on a Four Lane Divided Highway with
Minor Encroachment
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Generic Scenario 1: Shoulder Closure on a Four-Lane Divided Highway with Minor Encroachment
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Results of Benefit Cost Analysis
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
Exposure (106 vehicles) = Two-way ADT (veh/day) x Work Zone Duration (days) x 1/1,000,000
Sp
ee
d L
imit
(m
ph
)
0.07 0.450.13
0.650.490.430.090.05
0.880.570.580.130.07
1.050.720.700.250.13
1.931.071.290.350.18
2.341.531.560.390.20
2.931.781.95
0.490.25
0.680.330.09
0.11
0.14
0.15
0.26
0.35
0.39
0.20
0.14
0.20
0.38
0.53
0.59
0.74
0.11
0.12
0.19
0.24
0.36
0.51
0.59
0.18
0.21
0.27
0.31
0.52
0.69
0.78
0.23
0.22
0.29
0.35
0.64
0.78
0.98
0.27
0.32
0.41
0.46
0.78
1.04
1.18
0.22
0.23
0.38
0.48
0.71
1.02
1.19
0.37
0.47
0.71
0.85
1.01
0.53
0.57
1.05
1.37
0.52
0.80
0.76
1.17
0.80
0.86
1.58
2.16
0.45 0.49
0.50
0.550.440.370.04 0.08 0.13 0.16 0.24 0.42 0.570.09 0.15 0.18 0.29
Generic Scenario 1: Shoulder Closure on a Four-Lane Divided Highway with Minor Encroachment
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
Exposure (106 vehicles) = Two-way ADT (veh/day) x Work Zone Duration (days) x 1/1,000,000
Sp
ee
d L
imit
(m
ph
)
B/C > 1.5
0.75 < B/C ≤ 1.5
0.25 < B/C ≤ 0.75
B/C ≤ 0.25
Generic Scenario 1: Shoulder Closure on a Four-Lane Divided Highway with Minor Encroachment
Results of Benefit Cost Analysis
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Design Guidance: Contents
1. Terminology
2. Controls, Concepts and Principles
3. Conceptual Design and Planning
4. Roadway Design
5. Roadside Design and Barrier Placement
6. Ancillary Design Information
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Ancillary Design Information
� Drainage
� Temporary bridges
� Enforcement pulloff areas
� Emergency turnouts
� Screens *
� Portable Changeable Message Signs *
� Arrow Panels *
� Lighting *
� Rumble strips
* Primarily references MUTCD
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
Ancillary Design Information
Example: Emergency Turnout
August 2, 2006 AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction Meeting Kevin M. Mahoney
The End
�Questions
�Comments
Kevin M. Mahoney
(814) 865-2815