AA Jh d‘".kk; ue% AAAA Jh d‘".kk; ue% AAAA Jh lqjH;S ue% AAAA Jh lqjH;S ue% AA

izdk'kd

gjlksyko ¼ukxkSj½gjlksyko ¼ukxkSj½

jk/ks';ke jkoksfj;kehBqnkl oS".ko

jk/ks';ke jkoksfj;kehBqnkl oS".ko

vkvks izdk’kd

izLrqr izdk’ku

izdk’kudky

izdk’ku lsok

izkfIr LFkku

jk/ks';ke jkoksfj;k eks- 9042322241

ehBqnkl oS".ko eks- 9444937501

izFke laLdj.k

oS'kk[k lqnh 15] fo- la- 2070

iBu] euu ,oa xkS ikyu

lar Hkwfj;k ckck xkS'kkyk gjlksykoftyk&ukxkSj ¼jkt-½ Hkkjr www.gokranti.com

jk/ks';ke jkoksfj;k eks- 9042322241

ehBqnkl oS".ko eks- 9444937501

izFke laLdj.k

oS'kk[k lqnh 15] fo- la- 2070

iBu] euu ,oa xkS ikyu

lar Hkwfj;k ckck xkS'kkyk gjlksykoftyk&ukxkSj ¼jkt-½ Hkkjr www.gokranti.com

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eqnzd

xksVu&342 902 ftyk&ukxkSj ¼jkt-½ 01591&231243] eks- 9461373443xksVu&342 902 ftyk&ukxkSj ¼jkt-½ 01591&231243] eks- 9461373443F

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xk; ls izse d jsa¼vkt dh vko’;drk xksikyu&xkslaj{k.k½

fuosnufuosnuikBdksa ls fouez fuosnu gS fd bl iqLrd esa vkbZ Js"B ckrsa xks&xksfoUn dk d`ik izlkn ekudj thou esa /kkj.k djsaA _qfV;ksa dks esjh O;fDrxr Hkwy le> dj {kek djsaA /keZ] vFkZ dke vkSj eks{k ,oa buls Hkh vkxs bZ'ojh; izse dks izkIr djus gsrq xks lsok loZ lqyHk lk/ku gSA xks ekrk dh efgek vikj gSA bl lalkj esa xkS ,d vn~Hkwr izk.kh gSA tks okLro esa lcds fy;s dY;k.kdkjh gSA vius 'kkL=ks ds vuqlkj xk; esa rsrhl dksfV nsorkvksa dk fuokl gSA dsoy xksekrk dh lsok ls vius lEiw.kZ nsoh&nsorkvksa dh lsok lEiUu gks tkrh gSA blhfy;s xksekrk dks loZ nsoe;h dgk tkrk gSA xks ds n'kZu ls leLr nsorkvksa ds n'kZu ,oa leLr rhFkksZ dh ;k=k dk iq.; izkIr gksrk gS rFkk xks&n'kZu] xkSLi'kZ] xks&iwtu] xks&Lej.k ,oa xksnku djus ls euq"; loZfo/k ikiksa ls eqDr gks tkrk gSA bl izdkj xkS Hkkjrokfl;ksa fd ije vkjk?;k gSA izkphudky esa vkt dh vis{kk lHkh xks&lsokijk;.k Fks] vkSj xk;s Hkh cgqr vf/kd Fkh] ftlls gekjs ns'k esa xks&tkfr]xO; inkFkZ] vUu] lq[k&'kkfUr ,oa le`f) FkhA cMs+ cqtqxZ dgrs gS ns'k esa nw/k&ngh dh ufn;ka cgrh FkhA

orZeku le; esa nqHkkZX;o'k vk/kqfud lH;rk fd pdkpksUn esa Hkkjrh; xksoa'k dh Hkkjh mis{kk gks jgh gS ,oa xks&gR;k;sa gks jgh gS vkSj xk;ksa dh la[;k cgqr de gks x;hA

ifj.kker% ns'k esa nq[k% nkfjnz; dk foLrkj gks jgk gS] vkSj yksxksa esa fgalk]dzks/k yksHk ,oa foykflrk c<+rh tk jgh gSA

vkt ds ifjos'k esa xksoa'k ds izfr&/kkfeZd ,oa vk/;kfRed fpUru ds lkFk&lkFk vkfFkZd] lkekftd rFkk oSKkfud ,oa LokLF; lacaa/kh fparu dh vko';drk gSA

xkSekrk }kjk iznr iapXkO; ekuoh; LokLF; ds fy;s ve`r rqY; vkS"k/kh gS dbZ izdkj dh vlk/; O;kf/k;ksa ds leu gsrq iapxO; vk;qosZfnd vkS"kf/k;ksa ds iz;ksx Hkkjrh; fpfdRlk 'kkL=ks esa gSA

xhrk izsl ds dY;k.k esa le;&le; ij xks&lsok ,oa xks&efgek izdkf'kr gksrh gS ,oa lar] egkRek] vkpk;ksZ ds Hkh Jheq[k ls cgqr dqN lquus dks feyrk gS mUgh es ls dqN mi;ksxh lkexzh dk ladyu dj yksdksidkj dh n`"Vh ls izdkf'kr dh tk jgh gSaA blds v/;;u ls yksxksa dh dqN n`"Vh cny ldrh gSA ,slh vk'kk gSA Hkxoku ls izkFkZuk gS fd izR;sd Hkkjrh; xksoa'k ds izfr viuk nkf;Ro le>s vkSj thou esa mu lkfRod xq.kks dk lekos'k djsA vk'kk gS vki bls i<+dj xks&lsok ds izfr izsj.kk izkIr djsxsaA vkSj vki lsok esa yxdj nqljksa dks Hkh izsfjr djsaxs A

ladyu drkZ jk/ks';ke jkoksfj;k

ikBdksa ls fouez fuosnu gS fd bl iqLrd esa vkbZ Js"B ckrsa xks&xksfoUn dk d`ik izlkn ekudj thou esa /kkj.k djsaA _qfV;ksa dks esjh O;fDrxr Hkwy le> dj {kek djsaA /keZ] vFkZ dke vkSj eks{k ,oa buls Hkh vkxs bZ'ojh; izse dks izkIr djus gsrq xks lsok loZ lqyHk lk/ku gSA xks ekrk dh efgek vikj gSA bl lalkj esa xkS ,d vn~Hkwr izk.kh gSA tks okLro esa lcds fy;s dY;k.kdkjh gSA vius 'kkL=ks ds vuqlkj xk; esa rsrhl dksfV nsorkvksa dk fuokl gSA dsoy xksekrk dh lsok ls vius lEiw.kZ nsoh&nsorkvksa dh lsok lEiUu gks tkrh gSA blhfy;s xksekrk dks loZ nsoe;h dgk tkrk gSA xks ds n'kZu ls leLr nsorkvksa ds n'kZu ,oa leLr rhFkksZ dh ;k=k dk iq.; izkIr gksrk gS rFkk xks&n'kZu] xkSLi'kZ] xks&iwtu] xks&Lej.k ,oa xksnku djus ls euq"; loZfo/k ikiksa ls eqDr gks tkrk gSA bl izdkj xkS Hkkjrokfl;ksa fd ije vkjk?;k gSA izkphudky esa vkt dh vis{kk lHkh xks&lsokijk;.k Fks] vkSj xk;s Hkh cgqr vf/kd Fkh] ftlls gekjs ns'k esa xks&tkfr]xO; inkFkZ] vUu] lq[k&'kkfUr ,oa le`f) FkhA cMs+ cqtqxZ dgrs gS ns'k esa nw/k&ngh dh ufn;ka cgrh FkhA

orZeku le; esa nqHkkZX;o'k vk/kqfud lH;rk fd pdkpksUn esa Hkkjrh; xksoa'k dh Hkkjh mis{kk gks jgh gS ,oa xks&gR;k;sa gks jgh gS vkSj xk;ksa dh la[;k cgqr de gks x;hA

ifj.kker% ns'k esa nq[k% nkfjnz; dk foLrkj gks jgk gS] vkSj yksxksa esa fgalk]dzks/k yksHk ,oa foykflrk c<+rh tk jgh gSA

vkt ds ifjos'k esa xksoa'k ds izfr&/kkfeZd ,oa vk/;kfRed fpUru ds lkFk&lkFk vkfFkZd] lkekftd rFkk oSKkfud ,oa LokLF; lacaa/kh fparu dh vko';drk gSA

xkSekrk }kjk iznr iapXkO; ekuoh; LokLF; ds fy;s ve`r rqY; vkS"k/kh gS dbZ izdkj dh vlk/; O;kf/k;ksa ds leu gsrq iapxO; vk;qosZfnd vkS"kf/k;ksa ds iz;ksx Hkkjrh; fpfdRlk 'kkL=ks esa gSA

xhrk izsl ds dY;k.k esa le;&le; ij xks&lsok ,oa xks&efgek izdkf'kr gksrh gS ,oa lar] egkRek] vkpk;ksZ ds Hkh Jheq[k ls cgqr dqN lquus dks feyrk gS mUgh es ls dqN mi;ksxh lkexzh dk ladyu dj yksdksidkj dh n`"Vh ls izdkf'kr dh tk jgh gSaA blds v/;;u ls yksxksa dh dqN n`"Vh cny ldrh gSA ,slh vk'kk gSA Hkxoku ls izkFkZuk gS fd izR;sd Hkkjrh; xksoa'k ds izfr viuk nkf;Ro le>s vkSj thou esa mu lkfRod xq.kks dk lekos'k djsA vk'kk gS vki bls i<+dj xks&lsok ds izfr izsj.kk izkIr djsxsaA vkSj vki lsok esa yxdj nqljksa dks Hkh izsfjr djsaxs A

ladyu drkZ jk/ks';ke jkoksfj;k

xk; dh egrk vkSj vko';drkxks efgekxkS'kkyk ;k fiatjkiksyxkS'kkykvksa dh LFkkiuk dk mís';xkS'kkykvksa ls lEcfU/kr gksus okyh xfrfof/k;ka@xks j{kkiapxO; @ xk; ls fpfdRlkxks nq/k dk tknwxks nq/k ds xq.k @ xksew=jksxksa dk fuokj.kxksew= dk vke jksxksa ij ?kjsyw iz;ksxxks nf/k ls jksx fuokj.k@xk; ds ngh ds xq.kxk; ds oSKkfud ykHk rFkk ns'kh xk; ds nw/k ls ykHkns'kh xk; ds ?kh ds oSKkfud ykHkxk; ds xkscj vkSj xksew= dh efgekxksew= vdZ esa ekStwn rRo] jlk;u o ykHkxkslsok ,oa xksj{kk ds ykHkxksj{kk ds fy, D;k djuk pkfg,xksj{kk ds mik; ,oa lk/kuxksj{kk ds fy, viuk drZO; fuHkk,aiapxO; dh efgeki`Foh ij dqN ve`r gS rks xks?k`rxksew= /kuoUrjhnf/k foKkudkuwu tkfu, vkSj xksoa'k cpkbZ;sfuHkZ; ea=@xks xzkl nsus dk QybZ'oj izkfIr ekxZ @izk.k&nkuh dh ln~xfrJk) dk Qy@xks lsok ls fir` izlUurknw/k c<+kus ds <axvFkZ 'kkL= dh n`f"V ls xkscj dk egRoxk; ds xkscj dk vkfFkZd ykHk ,oa mi;ksxve`r opugekjk ladYiHkkjrh; xksekrk o fons'kh uLy esa varjxks&o/k can gksuk gh pkfg,ouLifr ?khxksoa'k ij funZ;rk,as o vR;kpkjlnk ;kn j[ksaHkxoku ls izkFkZuk @milagkj

xk; dh egrk vkSj vko';drkxks efgekxkS'kkyk ;k fiatjkiksyxkS'kkykvksa dh LFkkiuk dk mís';xkS'kkykvksa ls lEcfU/kr gksus okyh xfrfof/k;ka@xks j{kkiapxO; @ xk; ls fpfdRlkxks nq/k dk tknwxks nq/k ds xq.k @ xksew=jksxksa dk fuokj.kxksew= dk vke jksxksa ij ?kjsyw iz;ksxxks nf/k ls jksx fuokj.k@xk; ds ngh ds xq.kxk; ds oSKkfud ykHk rFkk ns'kh xk; ds nw/k ls ykHkns'kh xk; ds ?kh ds oSKkfud ykHkxk; ds xkscj vkSj xksew= dh efgekxksew= vdZ esa ekStwn rRo] jlk;u o ykHkxkslsok ,oa xksj{kk ds ykHkxksj{kk ds fy, D;k djuk pkfg,xksj{kk ds mik; ,oa lk/kuxksj{kk ds fy, viuk drZO; fuHkk,aiapxO; dh efgeki`Foh ij dqN ve`r gS rks xks?k`rxksew= /kuoUrjhnf/k foKkudkuwu tkfu, vkSj xksoa'k cpkbZ;sfuHkZ; ea=@xks xzkl nsus dk QybZ'oj izkfIr ekxZ @izk.k&nkuh dh ln~xfrJk) dk Qy@xks lsok ls fir` izlUurknw/k c<+kus ds <axvFkZ 'kkL= dh n`f"V ls xkscj dk egRoxk; ds xkscj dk vkfFkZd ykHk ,oa mi;ksxve`r opugekjk ladYiHkkjrh; xksekrk o fons'kh uLy esa varjxks&o/k can gksuk gh pkfg,ouLifr ?khxksoa'k ij funZ;rk,as o vR;kpkjlnk ;kn j[ksaHkxoku ls izkFkZuk @milagkj

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44

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13410111719202125262929303132333435363738394043

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46484951525355575859

vuqØe

f.kdk

xk; dh egrk vkSj vko';drk

xk; fo'o dh ekrk gS&^ xkoks fo'oL; ekRkj%A

lw;Z] o:.k] ok;q vkfn nsorkvksa dks ;K] gkse es nh gqbZ vkgqfr ls tks [kqjkd] iqf"V feyrh gSA og xk; ds ?kh ls gh feyrh gSA gkse esa xk; ds ?kh dh gh vkgqfr nh tkrh gS] ftlls lw;Z dh fdj.ksa iq"V gksrh gSa fdj.ksa iq"V gksus ls o"kkZ gksrh gS vkSj o"kkZ ls lHkh izdkj ds vUUk] ikS/ks] ?kkl vkfn iSnk gksrs gS] ftuls lEiw.kZ LFkkoj& taxe] pj&vpj izkf.k;ksa dk Hkj.k&iks"k.k gksrk gSA

fgUnqvksa ds xHkkZ/kku ] tUe] ukedj.k vkfn ftrus laLdkj gksrs gS] mu lc esa xk; ds nw/k] ?kh] xkscj vkfn dh eq[;rk gksrh gSA f}tkfr;ksa dks tks ;Kksiohr fn;k tkrk gS] mlesa xk;dk iaPkxO; ¼nw/k]ngh] ?kh] xkscj] vkSj xksew=½ dk lsou djk;k tkrk gSA ;Kksiohr &laLdkj gksus ij os osn i<+us ds vf/kdkjh gksrs gSA vPNs czkã.k dk yM+dk Hkh ;Kksiohr laLdkj ds fcuk osn i<us dk vf/kdkjh ugha gksrk A tgkW fookg&laLdkj gksrk gSA ogkW Hkh xk; ds xkscj dk ysi djds 'kqf) djrs gSA fookg ds le; xksnku dk Hkh cgqr ekgkRE; gSA tuuk&'kkSp vkSj ej.k'kkSp feVkus ds fy, xk;dk xkscj vkSj xkSew= gh dke esa fy;k tkrk gS] D;ksfd xk; ds xkscj esa y{eh dk vkSj xksew= esa xaxkth dk fuokl gSA tc euq"; chekj gks tkrk gS] rc mldks xk; dk nw/k ihus ds fy;s nsrs gS]

D;ksafd xk; dk nw/k rqjar cy 'kfDr nsrk gS vxj chekj euq"; dks vUUk Hkh u ips rks mlds ikl xk; ds ?kh vkSj [kk| inkFkksZ dh vfxzesa vkgqfr nsus ij mlds /kq,W ls mldks [kqjkd feyrh gSA tc euq"; ejus yxrk gS] rc mlds eq[k esa rqylhfefJr xaxkty ;k xk;dk ngh nsrs gSa dkj.k fd dksbZ euq"; ;k=k ds fy;s jokuk gksrk gSa rks ml le; xk; dk ngh ysuk ekaxfyd gksrk gSa tks lnk ds fy;s ;gk¡ ls jokuk gks jgk gS] mldks xk; dk ngh vo'; nsuk pkfg;s] ftlls ijyksd esa mldk eaxy gksaa vUrdky esa euq"; dks tSls xaxkty nsus dk ekgkRE; gS] oslk gh ekgkRE; xk; dk ngh nsus dk gSA

oSrj.kh ls cpus ds fy;s xksnku fd;k tkrk gS] Jk)&deZ esa xk; ds nw/k dh [khj cuk;h tkrh gS] D;ksafd ifo= gksus ls bl [khj ls firjksa dh cgqr T;knk r`fIr gksrh gSA euq";] nsork] firj vkfn lHkh dks xk; ds nw/k]?kh vkfn ls iqf"V feyrh gSA vr% xk; fo'o dh ekrk gSA

xk; dh egrk vkSj vko';drk

xk; fo'o dh ekrk gS&^ xkoks fo'oL; ekRkj%A

lw;Z] o:.k] ok;q vkfn nsorkvksa dks ;K] gkse es nh gqbZ vkgqfr ls tks [kqjkd] iqf"V feyrh gSA og xk; ds ?kh ls gh feyrh gSA gkse esa xk; ds ?kh dh gh vkgqfr nh tkrh gS] ftlls lw;Z dh fdj.ksa iq"V gksrh gSa fdj.ksa iq"V gksus ls o"kkZ gksrh gS vkSj o"kkZ ls lHkh izdkj ds vUUk] ikS/ks] ?kkl vkfn iSnk gksrs gS] ftuls lEiw.kZ LFkkoj& taxe] pj&vpj izkf.k;ksa dk Hkj.k&iks"k.k gksrk gSA

fgUnqvksa ds xHkkZ/kku ] tUe] ukedj.k vkfn ftrus laLdkj gksrs gS] mu lc esa xk; ds nw/k] ?kh] xkscj vkfn dh eq[;rk gksrh gSA f}tkfr;ksa dks tks ;Kksiohr fn;k tkrk gS] mlesa xk;dk iaPkxO; ¼nw/k]ngh] ?kh] xkscj] vkSj xksew=½ dk lsou djk;k tkrk gSA ;Kksiohr &laLdkj gksus ij os osn i<+us ds vf/kdkjh gksrs gSA vPNs czkã.k dk yM+dk Hkh ;Kksiohr laLdkj ds fcuk osn i<us dk vf/kdkjh ugha gksrk A tgkW fookg&laLdkj gksrk gSA ogkW Hkh xk; ds xkscj dk ysi djds 'kqf) djrs gSA fookg ds le; xksnku dk Hkh cgqr ekgkRE; gSA tuuk&'kkSp vkSj ej.k'kkSp feVkus ds fy, xk;dk xkscj vkSj xkSew= gh dke esa fy;k tkrk gS] D;ksfd xk; ds xkscj esa y{eh dk vkSj xksew= esa xaxkth dk fuokl gSA tc euq"; chekj gks tkrk gS] rc mldks xk; dk nw/k ihus ds fy;s nsrs gS]

D;ksafd xk; dk nw/k rqjar cy 'kfDr nsrk gS vxj chekj euq"; dks vUUk Hkh u ips rks mlds ikl xk; ds ?kh vkSj [kk| inkFkksZ dh vfxzesa vkgqfr nsus ij mlds /kq,W ls mldks [kqjkd feyrh gSA tc euq"; ejus yxrk gS] rc mlds eq[k esa rqylhfefJr xaxkty ;k xk;dk ngh nsrs gSa dkj.k fd dksbZ euq"; ;k=k ds fy;s jokuk gksrk gSa rks ml le; xk; dk ngh ysuk ekaxfyd gksrk gSa tks lnk ds fy;s ;gk¡ ls jokuk gks jgk gS] mldks xk; dk ngh vo'; nsuk pkfg;s] ftlls ijyksd esa mldk eaxy gksaa vUrdky esa euq"; dks tSls xaxkty nsus dk ekgkRE; gS] oslk gh ekgkRE; xk; dk ngh nsus dk gSA

oSrj.kh ls cpus ds fy;s xksnku fd;k tkrk gS] Jk)&deZ esa xk; ds nw/k dh [khj cuk;h tkrh gS] D;ksafd ifo= gksus ls bl [khj ls firjksa dh cgqr T;knk r`fIr gksrh gSA euq";] nsork] firj vkfn lHkh dks xk; ds nw/k]?kh vkfn ls iqf"V feyrh gSA vr% xk; fo'o dh ekrk gSA

xk; ds vaxksa esa lEiw.kZ nsorkvksa dk fuokl crk;k x;k gSA xk; dh Nk;k Hkh cM+h 'kqHk ekuh x;h gSa ;k=k ds le; xk; ;k lkaM nkfgus vk tk; rks 'kqHk ekuk tkuk gSa vkSj mlds n'kZu ls ;k=k lQy gks tkrh gSA nw/k fiykrh xk; dk n'kZu cgqr 'kqHk ekuk tkrk gS&lqjHkh lueq[k fllqfg fiykok ¼ ekul cky-½ xk; egku~ ifo= gksrh gSA mlds 'kjhj dk Li'kZ djus okyh gok Hkh ifo= gksrh gSa mlds xkscj &xksew= Hkh ifo= gksrs gSA tgkW xk; cSBrh gS ogkW dh Hkwfe ifo= gksrh gSA xk; ds pj.kksa dh jat ¼/kwy½ Hkh ifo= gksrh gSaA

xk; ls vFkZ] /keZ] dke vkSj eks{k &bu pkjksa dh flf) gksrh gSA xksikyu ls] xk; ds nw/k ?kh xkscj vkfn ls /ku dh o`f) gksrh gSA dksbZ Hkh /kkfeZd d`R; xk; ds fcuk ugh gksrkA lEiq.kZ /kkfeZd dk;ksZ esa xk; dk nw/k]ngh]?kh xkscj vkSj xksew= dke esa vkrs gSa] dkeukiwfrZ ds fy;s fd;s tkus okys ;Kksaa esa Hkh xk; dk ?kh vkfn dke esa vkrk gSaA fu"dke Hkko ls xk; dh lsok djus ls eks{k gksrk gSa xk; dh lsok djus ek= ls vUr%dj.k fueZy gksrk gSA Hkxoku Jhd`".k us Hkh fcuk twrh ds xk;ksa dks pjk;k Fkk ftlls mudk uke ̂xksiky* iM+kA izkphu dky esa ++_f"k yksx ou esa jgrs gq, vius ikl xk;sa j[kk djrs FksA xk; ds nw/k&?kh dk lsou djus ls mudh cqf)cM+h foy{k.k gksrh Fkh] ftlls os cM+s&cM+s xzUFkksa dh jpuk fd;k djrs Fks vktdy rks mu xzUFkksa dks Bhd&Bhd ls le>us o le>kus okys Hkh de gSa xk; ds nw/k&?kh ls os nh?kkZ;q gksrs FksaA xk; ds ?kh dk ,d uke ̂vk;q* Hkh gSA cM+s&cM+s jktkyksx Hkh mu _f"k;ksa ds ikl vkrs Fks vkSj mudh lykg ls jkT; pykrs FksA

xk; bruh ifo= gS fd nsorkvksa us Hkh mlesa viuk fuokl LFkku cuk;k gSA ftldk xkscj vkSj xksew= Hkh bruk ifo= gSa fQj Lo;a fdruh ifo= gksxhA ,d xk; dk iwtu djus ls lc nsorkvksa dk iwtu gks tkrk gS] ftlls lc nsorkvksa dks iqf"V feyrh gSA iq"V gq, nsorkvksa ds }kjk lEiw.kZ l`f"V dk lapkyu] ikyu] j{k.k gksrk gSA

xk; ds vaxksa esa lEiw.kZ nsorkvksa dk fuokl crk;k x;k gSA xk; dh Nk;k Hkh cM+h 'kqHk ekuh x;h gSa ;k=k ds le; xk; ;k lkaM nkfgus vk tk; rks 'kqHk ekuk tkuk gSa vkSj mlds n'kZu ls ;k=k lQy gks tkrh gSA nw/k fiykrh xk; dk n'kZu cgqr 'kqHk ekuk tkrk gS&lqjHkh lueq[k fllqfg fiykok ¼ ekul cky-½ xk; egku~ ifo= gksrh gSA mlds 'kjhj dk Li'kZ djus okyh gok Hkh ifo= gksrh gSa mlds xkscj &xksew= Hkh ifo= gksrs gSA tgkW xk; cSBrh gS ogkW dh Hkwfe ifo= gksrh gSA xk; ds pj.kksa dh jat ¼/kwy½ Hkh ifo= gksrh gSaA

xk; ls vFkZ] /keZ] dke vkSj eks{k &bu pkjksa dh flf) gksrh gSA xksikyu ls] xk; ds nw/k ?kh xkscj vkfn ls /ku dh o`f) gksrh gSA dksbZ Hkh /kkfeZd d`R; xk; ds fcuk ugh gksrkA lEiq.kZ /kkfeZd dk;ksZ esa xk; dk nw/k]ngh]?kh xkscj vkSj xksew= dke esa vkrs gSa] dkeukiwfrZ ds fy;s fd;s tkus okys ;Kksaa esa Hkh xk; dk ?kh vkfn dke esa vkrk gSaA fu"dke Hkko ls xk; dh lsok djus ls eks{k gksrk gSa xk; dh lsok djus ek= ls vUr%dj.k fueZy gksrk gSA Hkxoku Jhd`".k us Hkh fcuk twrh ds xk;ksa dks pjk;k Fkk ftlls mudk uke ̂xksiky* iM+kA izkphu dky esa ++_f"k yksx ou esa jgrs gq, vius ikl xk;sa j[kk djrs FksA xk; ds nw/k&?kh dk lsou djus ls mudh cqf)cM+h foy{k.k gksrh Fkh] ftlls os cM+s&cM+s xzUFkksa dh jpuk fd;k djrs Fks vktdy rks mu xzUFkksa dks Bhd&Bhd ls le>us o le>kus okys Hkh de gSa xk; ds nw/k&?kh ls os nh?kkZ;q gksrs FksaA xk; ds ?kh dk ,d uke ̂vk;q* Hkh gSA cM+s&cM+s jktkyksx Hkh mu _f"k;ksa ds ikl vkrs Fks vkSj mudh lykg ls jkT; pykrs FksA

xk; bruh ifo= gS fd nsorkvksa us Hkh mlesa viuk fuokl LFkku cuk;k gSA ftldk xkscj vkSj xksew= Hkh bruk ifo= gSa fQj Lo;a fdruh ifo= gksxhA ,d xk; dk iwtu djus ls lc nsorkvksa dk iwtu gks tkrk gS] ftlls lc nsorkvksa dks iqf"V feyrh gSA iq"V gq, nsorkvksa ds }kjk lEiw.kZ l`f"V dk lapkyu] ikyu] j{k.k gksrk gSA

1 2

xks &efgek

xk;sa izkf.k;ksa dh vk/kkjrk dh dY;k.k dh fuf/k gSA Hkwr vkSj Hkfo"; xkSvks ds gkFk esa gSA os gh lnk jgus okyh iqf"V dk dkj.k rFkk y{eh dh tM+ gSA xkSvks dh lsok esa tks dqN fn;k tkrk gSa mldk Qy v{k; gksrk gSA vUUk xkSvks ls mRiu gksrk gSA nsorkvksa dks Hkh mre Hkfo"; xksekrk nsrh gS xk;sa gh ;K dk Qy nsus okyh gSA _f"k;ks dks izkr% dky vkSj lk;adky esa gkse ds le; xkS, gh gou ds ;ksX; ?k`r vkfn inkFZk nsrh gSA tks yksx nw/k nsusokyh xkS dk nku djrs os vius leLr ladVksa vkSj ikiksa ls ikj gks tkrs gSA

izkr%dky vkSj lk;adky esa izfrfnu xkSvks dks iz.kke djuk pkfg;sA blls euq"; ds 'kjhj vkSj cydh iqf"V gksrh gSA xksew= vkSj xkscj ns[kdj dHkh ?k`.kk u djsA xkSvks ds xq.kks dk dhrZu djsA dHkh mudk vieku u djsA ;fn cqjs LoIu fn[kkbZ ns rks xksekrk dk uke ysA izfrfnu 'kjhj es xkscj yxkdj Luku djsa lw[ks gq, xkscj ij cSBS ml ij Fkwd u QsadsA ey& ew= u R;kxsA xkSvks ds frjLdkj ls cprs jgsaA vfXu esa xk; ds ?k`r dk gou djsa mlh ls LofLrokpu djkosaA xks ?k`rdk nku vkSj Lo;a Hkh mldk lsou djsa rks xkSvks dh o`f) gksrh gSA

xkSvks dks ;K dk vax vkSj lk{kkr ;K:Ik cryk;k x;k gSA buds fcuk ;K fdlh rjg ugh gks ldrk A ;s vius nw/k vkSj ?kh ls iztk dk ikyu iks"k.k djrh gSa rFkk buds iq= [ksrh ds dke vkrs vkSj rjg rjg ds vUu ,oa cht iSnk djrs gS ftuls ;K lEiu gksrs gSA vkSj gO; dO; dk Hkh dke pyrk gSA bUgh ls nw/k ngh vkSj ?kh izkIr gksrs gSa ;s xkS, cM+h ifo= gksrh gSA vkSj cSy Hkw[k I;kl dk d"V lgdj Hkh vusdksa izdkj ds cks> <kssrs jgrs gSA bl izdkj xks tkfr vius dke ls _f"k;ksa rFkk iztktuksa dk ikyu djrh jgrh gSA mlds O;ogkj esa 'kBrk ;k ek;k ugh gksrh og lnk ifo= deZ esa yxh jgrh gSA blh ls ;s xkS, ge lc yksxks ds mij LFkku esa fuokl djrh gSA blds flok xkS, ojnku Hkh izkIr dj pqdh gS rFkk izlUu gksus ij os nwljks dks Hkh ojnku nsrh gSa

xkS,sa lEiw.kZ rifLo;ksa ls c<+dj gSA blfy;s Hkxoku 'kadj us xkSvksa ds lkFk jgdj ri fd;k Fkk A bl xksyksd esa fl) egf"kZ Hkh tkus dh bPNk djrs gSA

xks &efgek

xk;sa izkf.k;ksa dh vk/kkjrk dh dY;k.k dh fuf/k gSA Hkwr vkSj Hkfo"; xkSvks ds gkFk esa gSA os gh lnk jgus okyh iqf"V dk dkj.k rFkk y{eh dh tM+ gSA xkSvks dh lsok esa tks dqN fn;k tkrk gSa mldk Qy v{k; gksrk gSA vUUk xkSvks ls mRiu gksrk gSA nsorkvksa dks Hkh mre Hkfo"; xksekrk nsrh gS xk;sa gh ;K dk Qy nsus okyh gSA _f"k;ks dks izkr% dky vkSj lk;adky esa gkse ds le; xkS, gh gou ds ;ksX; ?k`r vkfn inkFZk nsrh gSA tks yksx nw/k nsusokyh xkS dk nku djrs os vius leLr ladVksa vkSj ikiksa ls ikj gks tkrs gSA

izkr%dky vkSj lk;adky esa izfrfnu xkSvks dks iz.kke djuk pkfg;sA blls euq"; ds 'kjhj vkSj cydh iqf"V gksrh gSA xksew= vkSj xkscj ns[kdj dHkh ?k`.kk u djsA xkSvks ds xq.kks dk dhrZu djsA dHkh mudk vieku u djsA ;fn cqjs LoIu fn[kkbZ ns rks xksekrk dk uke ysA izfrfnu 'kjhj es xkscj yxkdj Luku djsa lw[ks gq, xkscj ij cSBS ml ij Fkwd u QsadsA ey& ew= u R;kxsA xkSvks ds frjLdkj ls cprs jgsaA vfXu esa xk; ds ?k`r dk gou djsa mlh ls LofLrokpu djkosaA xks ?k`rdk nku vkSj Lo;a Hkh mldk lsou djsa rks xkSvks dh o`f) gksrh gSA

xkSvks dks ;K dk vax vkSj lk{kkr ;K:Ik cryk;k x;k gSA buds fcuk ;K fdlh rjg ugh gks ldrk A ;s vius nw/k vkSj ?kh ls iztk dk ikyu iks"k.k djrh gSa rFkk buds iq= [ksrh ds dke vkrs vkSj rjg rjg ds vUu ,oa cht iSnk djrs gS ftuls ;K lEiu gksrs gSA vkSj gO; dO; dk Hkh dke pyrk gSA bUgh ls nw/k ngh vkSj ?kh izkIr gksrs gSa ;s xkS, cM+h ifo= gksrh gSA vkSj cSy Hkw[k I;kl dk d"V lgdj Hkh vusdksa izdkj ds cks> <kssrs jgrs gSA bl izdkj xks tkfr vius dke ls _f"k;ksa rFkk iztktuksa dk ikyu djrh jgrh gSA mlds O;ogkj esa 'kBrk ;k ek;k ugh gksrh og lnk ifo= deZ esa yxh jgrh gSA blh ls ;s xkS, ge lc yksxks ds mij LFkku esa fuokl djrh gSA blds flok xkS, ojnku Hkh izkIr dj pqdh gS rFkk izlUu gksus ij os nwljks dks Hkh ojnku nsrh gSa

xkS,sa lEiw.kZ rifLo;ksa ls c<+dj gSA blfy;s Hkxoku 'kadj us xkSvksa ds lkFk jgdj ri fd;k Fkk A bl xksyksd esa fl) egf"kZ Hkh tkus dh bPNk djrs gSA

ogh ;s xkS, pUnzek ds lkFk fuokl djrh gSa ;s vius nw/k ngh ?kh xkscj peM+k gM~Mh lhax vkSj ckyksa ls txr~ dk midkj djrh jgrh gSA bUgs lnhZ xjeh vkSj o"kkZ dk d"V fopfyr ugh djrk A blfy;s ;s czkã.kks ds lkFk czãyksd es tkdj fuokl djrh gSa blh ls xkS vkSj czkã.k dks fo}ku iq:"k ,d crkrs gSA

xkS, ije ikou vkSj iq.;Lo:ik gSA bUgs czkã.kks dks nku djus ls euq"; LoxZ dk lq[k Hkksxrk gSa ifo= ty ls vkpeu djds ifo= xkSvks ds chp esa xkserh eU= xksek vxzs foekW vJh dk tki djus ls euq"; vR;Ur 'kq) ,oa fueZy gks tkrk gSa fo|k vkSj osnozr esa fuiq.kZ iq.;kRek czkã.kks dks pkfg;s fd os vfxz xkS vkSj czkã.kks ds chp vius f'k";ksa dks ;KrqY; xkserh eU= dh f'k{kk nsA tks rhu jkr rd miokl djds xkserh eU= dk ti djrk gSA mls xkSvks dk ojnku izkIr gksrk gSA iq= dh b+PNkokys dks iq= /ku pkgus okys dks /ku vkSj ifr dh bPNk j[kus okyh L=h dks ifr feyrk gSA bl izdkj xkS,sa euq"; dh lEiw.kZ dkeuk,sa iw.kZ djrh gSA os ;K dk iz/kku vax gSA muls c<+dj nwljk dqN ugh gSAa

ftl xksekrk us viuh vPNh gkyr esa gekjh vikj lsok dh] ftldk tUe gh gekjh HkykbZ ds fy; gqvk gSA ftldh mnkjrk ij gh gekjk thou fuHkZj jgrk gSA ftlus gesa ve`r&lk nw/k fn;k] [ksrh ds fy, cSy fn;s] [ksr ds fy, [kkn nh vkSj vc Hkh ns jgh gS] mldk nw/k lw[k tkus ij ;k mlds ywyh&yaxM+h chekj vkSj vlgk; gks tkus ij mldk ikyu&iks"k.k djus ls eq¡g eksM+ ysuk rks ,d izdkj dh ?kksj d`rKrk vkSj dRkZO; ls foP;qfr gSA

vktdy mi;ksfxrkokn dh ygj cg jgh gS] bl dkj.k ge egRoiw.kZ n;ko`fr vksj mUufr ds uke ij fnuksa&fnu iru ds xgjs x<~<s esa fxjrs tk jgs gSA euq"; thou dk /;s; tc ,dek= /ku gh cu tkrk gS] rc mlesa ,d ,slk eksg iSnk gksrk gS tks mls vius lq[k&'kkfUr ds lk/kuksa ls Hkh foeq[k dj nsrk gS ;gkW rd fd mlls og ,sls deZ djokrk gS ftuls mlds vius gh bg&ykSfdd vkSj ijykSfdd thou dh lq[k 'kkfUr dk L=ksr Hkh fpjdky ds fy;s lw[k tkrk gS] vkSj tc euq"; viuh lq[k&'kkfUr dks gh ugha ns[krk] rc nwljs dh lq[k&'kkfUr dh fpUrk rks mls D;ksa gksus yxhA

ogh ;s xkS, pUnzek ds lkFk fuokl djrh gSa ;s vius nw/k ngh ?kh xkscj peM+k gM~Mh lhax vkSj ckyksa ls txr~ dk midkj djrh jgrh gSA bUgs lnhZ xjeh vkSj o"kkZ dk d"V fopfyr ugh djrk A blfy;s ;s czkã.kks ds lkFk czãyksd es tkdj fuokl djrh gSa blh ls xkS vkSj czkã.k dks fo}ku iq:"k ,d crkrs gSA

xkS, ije ikou vkSj iq.;Lo:ik gSA bUgs czkã.kks dks nku djus ls euq"; LoxZ dk lq[k Hkksxrk gSa ifo= ty ls vkpeu djds ifo= xkSvks ds chp esa xkserh eU= dk tki djus ls euq"; vR;Ur 'kq) ,oa fueZy gks tkrk gSa fo|k vkSj osnozr esa fuiq.kZ iq.;kRek czkã.kks dks pkfg;s fd os vfxz xkS vkSj czkã.kks ds chp vius f'k";ksa dks ;KrqY; xkserh eU= dh f'k{kk nsA tks rhu jkr rd miokl djds xkserh eU= dk ti djrk gSA mls xkSvks dk ojnku izkIr gksrk gSA iq= dh b+PNkokys dks iq= /ku pkgus okys dks /ku vkSj ifr dh bPNk j[kus okyh L=h dks ifr feyrk gSA bl izdkj xkS,sa euq"; dh lEiw.kZ dkeuk,sa iw.kZ djrh gSA os ;K dk iz/kku vax gSA muls c<+dj nwljk dqN ugh gSAa

ftl xksekrk us viuh vPNh gkyr esa gekjh vikj lsok dh] ftldk tUe gh gekjh HkykbZ ds fy; gqvk gSA ftldh mnkjrk ij gh gekjk thou fuHkZj jgrk gSA ftlus gesa ve`r&lk nw/k fn;k] [ksrh ds fy, cSy fn;s] [ksr ds fy, [kkn nh vkSj vc Hkh ns jgh gS] mldk nw/k lw[k tkus ij ;k mlds ywyh&yaxM+h chekj vkSj vlgk; gks tkus ij mldk ikyu&iks"k.k djus ls eq¡g eksM+ ysuk rks ,d izdkj dh ?kksj d`rKrk vkSj dRkZO; ls foP;qfr gSA

vktdy mi;ksfxrkokn dh ygj cg jgh gS] bl dkj.k ge egRoiw.kZ n;ko`fr vksj mUufr ds uke ij fnuksa&fnu iru ds xgjs x<~<s esa fxjrs tk jgs gSA euq"; thou dk /;s; tc ,dek= /ku gh cu tkrk gS] rc mlesa ,d ,slk eksg iSnk gksrk gS tks mls vius lq[k&'kkfUr ds lk/kuksa ls Hkh foeq[k dj nsrk gS ;gkW rd fd mlls og ,sls deZ djokrk gS ftuls mlds vius gh bg&ykSfdd vkSj ijykSfdd thou dh lq[k 'kkfUr dk L=ksr Hkh fpjdky ds fy;s lw[k tkrk gS] vkSj tc euq"; viuh lq[k&'kkfUr dks gh ugha ns[krk] rc nwljs dh lq[k&'kkfUr dh fpUrk rks mls D;ksa gksus yxhA

xksek vxzs foekW vJh

xks'kkyk ;k fiatjkiksy

3 4

vlgk; Ik'kqvksa dk Hkj.k iks"k.k djus okyh mi;ksxh laLFkkvksa dh vksj ls mnklhu gksrs pys tk jgs gS vksj mudk fojks/k djuk gh viuk drZO; ikyu le>rs nq%[k rks bl ckr dk gS fd dsoy vkfFkZd n`f"Vdks.k xks&ikyu djus okys ik'pkR; ns'kksa dh i)fr ij eqX/k gksdj gekjs lEEkkufu; vFkZ'kkL=h fo}ku Hkh vkt o`) vkSj vaix Ik'kqvksa dks i`Foh dk Hkkj crkdj mUgs u ikyu dh lykg nsus vksj izdkjkUrj ls mudks dRy dj Mkyus ds fy;s izksRlkfgr djus yxs gSa] ,slh gkyr esa bl izdkj ds fopkj okys yksxks ds }kjk fiatjkiksy vkSj xkS'kkykvksa dh vuqi;ksfxrk fn[kyk;k tkuk dqN vk'p;Z dh ckr ugh gSA vo'; gh ,slh laLFkkvksa dk fojks/k euq"; dh ,d ifo= dksey vksj e/kqj o`rh dks ekjuk gh gSa!

ftuds ân; esa cM+h lqdksey &lqe/kqj n;k dh o`fr Fkh vkSj tks o`) eka&cki dh lsok djus dh Hkk¡fr gh cw<+h xks&ekrk dh lsok dks Hkh viuk ije drZO; ekurs gSa vius O;kikj ij ykx yxkdj bl dk;Z es lgk;rk djrs gSA viax izk.kh dh lsok esa ,d ije iq.; dh vkSj ifo= drZO; ikyu dh J)k Fkh] vkSj og lPph FkhA blh ls yksx vius&vius ?kjksa esa Hkh v'kDr izkf.k;ksa dh lsok vius gkFkksa ls djrs FksA tc dksbZ x`gLFk ,slh ifjfLFkfr esa iM+ tkrk fd [kqn ru vkSj /ku ls lsok ugh dj ldrk Fkk] rc mlds Ik'kqvksa dks lEHkkyus dk fiatjkiksy dk dke FkkA

blesa dksbZ lansg ugha dh fofHkUu dkj.kksa ls vkt lHkh fiatjk&iksyksa dh n'kk larks"ktud ugha gSa vkSj ;g Hkh lR; gS] fd ;qx ifjorZu ds lkFk&lkFk fiatjkiksy dh dk;Z&i)fr esa Hkh mfpr ifjorZu dh vko';drk gks x;h gSA ij ;g dguk loZFkk vlaxr gS fd fiatjkiksy vkSj xks'kkyk,sa loZFkk O;FkZ vkSj gkfudkjd laLFkk,sa gSA gk¡] ewy mís'; j{kk djrs gq, mudks vkfFkZd n`f"V ls Hkh ftruk mi;ksxh vkSj ftruk LokoyEch cuk;k tk lds] mruk cukuk pkfg;sa lq/kkj ds fy;s lnk gh rS;kj jguk pkfg;s ] ijUrq lq/kkj ds uke ij lagkj ugh gks tk;] bldh lok/kkuh j[kuh pkfg;saA vo'; gh uohurk ds eksg&ek;k esa va/ks gksdj izkphuek= dh tM+ m[kkM+us tkuk tSls cM+h Hkwy gSa oSls gh izkphurk ds uke ij /keZ ls vfo:) uohu mi;ksxh i)fr dks Lohdkj u djuk Hkh de Hkwy ugh gSa A

budks eq[;r% rhu Jsf.k;ksa esa foHkDr fd;k tk ldrk gSA ftuds ikl i;kZIr lax`ghr /ku vkSj dkQh vkenuh gS] ftudk lapkyu fu;fer :Ik ls lTtuksa dh desVh }kjk gksrk gS] vkSj ftuesa dqN dk jftLVªs'ku Hkh gks pqdk gSA

vlgk; Ik'kqvksa dk Hkj.k iks"k.k djus okyh mi;ksxh laLFkkvksa dh vksj ls mnklhu gksrs pys tk jgs gS vksj mudk fojks/k djuk gh viuk drZO; ikyu le>rs nq%[k rks bl ckr dk gS fd dsoy vkfFkZd n`f"Vdks.k xks&ikyu djus okys ik'pkR; ns'kksa dh i)fr ij eqX/k gksdj gekjs lEEkkufu; vFkZ'kkL=h fo}ku Hkh vkt o`) vkSj vaix Ik'kqvksa dks i`Foh dk Hkkj crkdj mUgs u ikyu dh lykg nsus vksj izdkjkUrj ls mudks dRy dj Mkyus ds fy;s izksRlkfgr djus yxs gSa] ,slh gkyr esa bl izdkj ds fopkj okys yksxks ds }kjk fiatjkiksy vkSj xkS'kkykvksa dh vuqi;ksfxrk fn[kyk;k tkuk dqN vk'p;Z dh ckr ugh gSA vo'; gh ,slh laLFkkvksa dk fojks/k euq"; dh ,d ifo= dksey vksj e/kqj o`rh dks ekjuk gh gSa!

ftuds ân; esa cM+h lqdksey &lqe/kqj n;k dh o`fr Fkh vkSj tks o`) eka&cki dh lsok djus dh Hkk¡fr gh cw<+h xks&ekrk dh lsok dks Hkh viuk ije drZO; ekurs gSa vius O;kikj ij ykx yxkdj bl dk;Z es lgk;rk djrs gSA viax izk.kh dh lsok esa ,d ije iq.; dh vkSj ifo= drZO; ikyu dh J)k Fkh] vkSj og lPph FkhA blh ls yksx vius&vius ?kjksa esa Hkh v'kDr izkf.k;ksa dh lsok vius gkFkksa ls djrs FksA tc dksbZ x`gLFk ,slh ifjfLFkfr esa iM+ tkrk fd [kqn ru vkSj /ku ls lsok ugh dj ldrk Fkk] rc mlds Ik'kqvksa dks lEHkkyus dk fiatjkiksy dk dke FkkA

blesa dksbZ lansg ugha dh fofHkUu dkj.kksa ls vkt lHkh fiatjk&iksyksa dh n'kk larks"ktud ugha gSa vkSj ;g Hkh lR; gS] fd ;qx ifjorZu ds lkFk&lkFk fiatjkiksy dh dk;Z&i)fr esa Hkh mfpr ifjorZu dh vko';drk gks x;h gSA ij ;g dguk loZFkk vlaxr gS fd fiatjkiksy vkSj xks'kkyk,sa loZFkk O;FkZ vkSj gkfudkjd laLFkk,sa gSA gk¡] ewy mís'; j{kk djrs gq, mudks vkfFkZd n`f"V ls Hkh ftruk mi;ksxh vkSj ftruk LokoyEch cuk;k tk lds] mruk cukuk pkfg;sa lq/kkj ds fy;s lnk gh rS;kj jguk pkfg;s ] ijUrq lq/kkj ds uke ij lagkj ugh gks tk;] bldh lok/kkuh j[kuh pkfg;saA vo'; gh uohurk ds eksg&ek;k esa va/ks gksdj izkphuek= dh tM+ m[kkM+us tkuk tSls cM+h Hkwy gSa oSls gh izkphurk ds uke ij /keZ ls vfo:) uohu mi;ksxh i)fr dks Lohdkj u djuk Hkh de Hkwy ugh gSa A

budks eq[;r% rhu Jsf.k;ksa esa foHkDr fd;k tk ldrk gSA ftuds ikl i;kZIr lax`ghr /ku vkSj dkQh vkenuh gS] ftudk lapkyu fu;fer :Ik ls lTtuksa dh desVh }kjk gksrk gS] vkSj ftuesa dqN dk jftLVªs'ku Hkh gks pqdk gSA

tks vkjEHk esa dqN yksxksa ds mRlkg ls LFkkfir gks pqdh gS] ij ftuds ikl u rks /ku gS u dkQh vk; gS vkSj u mrjnk;h dk;ZdrkZ gh gS vkSj ftudh is'ksoj yksxks }kjk iSlk dekus ds lk/ku ds :Ik esa LFkkiuk gqbZ gS] vkSj blh mns'; ls ftldk ;su dsu izdkjs.k lapkyu Hkh gks jgk gSA

blesa rhljh Js.kh laLFkk, rks lHkh n`f"V;ksa ls loZFkk vuqi;ksxh vkSj gkfudkjd gSa nwljh Js.kh dh laLFkkvksa ds fy;s dgk tk ldrk gSA fd lq;ksX; dk;ZdrkZ feys vkSj vkenuh gks rks mudk lq/kkj gks ldrk gSaA orZeku fLFkfr eas rks os cgqr mi;ksxh ugh gSa ,slh laLFkkvksa esa bl izdkj dh gkyr ns[kh tkrh gS fd ftl fdlh vPNs dk;ZdrkZ ds gkFk esa dke gks vkSj O;kikjh oxZ dh fLFkfr vPNh gks ml le; rks Bhd&Bhd pyrk gSa ij ftu fnuks vPNs dk;ZdrkZ ugh gksrs ;k O;kikj eank gksrk gS vkSj vko';d pank ugh gks ikrk mu fnuksa buds Ik'kq ;k rks Hkw[ksa ejrs gS ;k vk/ks isV jgrs gSaA fiNys vdky ds le; fdruh gh xks'kkykvksa dh ,slh n'kk ns[kus esa vk;h Fkha] ijUrq igyh Js.kh dh laLFkkvksa ds fy;s Hkh ;g ugh dgk tk ldrk fd muesa lHkh dk dke lqpk: :Ik ls alapkfyr gksrk gSA yksx iSlk rks ns nsrs gS] ij le; ugh ns ikrsA tks lHkkifr eU=h vkSj dk;Zdkfj.kh ds lnL; gksrs gS] os izk;% dsoy uke ds gksrs gSA le; ds vHkko fnypLih ugh gksus rFkk xksikyu dh i)fr ds vKku ls dqN Hkh ugh dj ikrs A cgqr ls rks tkrs gh ughA ftuds ftEEks izcU/k dk Hkkj jgrk gS] os Hkh u rks vuqHkoh gksrs gS u fØ;k'khy blls izcU/k esa =qfV;kW cuh gh jgrh gSA u;h mUUkfr dh ckr rks lksps gh dkSuA Ik;kZIr osru nsdj lq;ksX; vuqHkoh iq:"kks dks izk;% fu;qDr fd;k ugh tkrkA dgh dksbZ vuqHkoh iq:"k j[ks Hkh tkrs gS rks ,d laLFkk esa chlks ekfyd gksus ls mUgs dk;Z djus dk mfpr volj ;k Ik;kZIr volj ugh feyrk A fu;e rFkk iz.kkyh Hkh le; rFkk Ik'kqikyu foKku dh tkudkjh ds vHkko ls dksbZ [kkl lq/kkj ugh fd;k tkrkA ,slh vkSj Hkh dbZ ckrs gksrh gSA

tks vkjEHk esa dqN yksxksa ds mRlkg ls LFkkfir gks pqdh gS] ij ftuds ikl u rks /ku gS u dkQh vk; gS vkSj u mrjnk;h dk;ZdrkZ gh gS vkSj ftudh is'ksoj yksxks }kjk iSlk dekus ds lk/ku ds :Ik esa LFkkiuk gqbZ gS] vkSj blh mns'; ls ftldk ;su dsu izdkjs.k lapkyu Hkh gks jgk gSA

blesa rhljh Js.kh laLFkk, rks lHkh n`f"V;ksa ls loZFkk vuqi;ksxh vkSj gkfudkjd gSa nwljh Js.kh dh laLFkkvksa ds fy;s dgk tk ldrk gSA fd lq;ksX; dk;ZdrkZ feys vkSj vkenuh gks rks mudk lq/kkj gks ldrk gSaA orZeku fLFkfr eas rks os cgqr mi;ksxh ugh gSa ,slh laLFkkvksa esa bl izdkj dh gkyr ns[kh tkrh gS fd ftl fdlh vPNs dk;ZdrkZ ds gkFk esa dke gks vkSj O;kikjh oxZ dh fLFkfr vPNh gks ml le; rks Bhd&Bhd pyrk gSa ij ftu fnuks vPNs dk;ZdrkZ ugh gksrs ;k O;kikj eank gksrk gS vkSj vko';d pank ugh gks ikrk mu fnuksa buds Ik'kq ;k rks Hkw[ksa ejrs gS ;k vk/ks isV jgrs gSaA fiNys vdky ds le; fdruh gh xks'kkykvksa dh ,slh n'kk ns[kus esa vk;h Fkha] ijUrq igyh Js.kh dh laLFkkvksa ds fy;s Hkh ;g ugh dgk tk ldrk fd muesa lHkh dk dke lqpk: :Ik ls alapkfyr gksrk gSA yksx iSlk rks ns nsrs gS] ij le; ugh ns ikrsA tks lHkkifr eU=h vkSj dk;Zdkfj.kh ds lnL; gksrs gS] os izk;% dsoy uke ds gksrs gSA le; ds vHkko fnypLih ugh gksus rFkk xksikyu dh i)fr ds vKku ls dqN Hkh ugh dj ikrs A cgqr ls rks tkrs gh ughA ftuds ftEEks izcU/k dk Hkkj jgrk gS] os Hkh u rks vuqHkoh gksrs gS u fØ;k'khy blls izcU/k esa =qfV;kW cuh gh jgrh gSA u;h mUUkfr dh ckr rks lksps gh dkSuA Ik;kZIr osru nsdj lq;ksX; vuqHkoh iq:"kks dks izk;% fu;qDr fd;k ugh tkrkA dgh dksbZ vuqHkoh iq:"k j[ks Hkh tkrs gS rks ,d laLFkk esa chlks ekfyd gksus ls mUgs dk;Z djus dk mfpr volj ;k Ik;kZIr volj ugh feyrk A fu;e rFkk iz.kkyh Hkh le; rFkk Ik'kqikyu foKku dh tkudkjh ds vHkko ls dksbZ [kkl lq/kkj ugh fd;k tkrkA ,slh vkSj Hkh dbZ ckrs gksrh gSA

5 6

ftuds dkj.k O;oLFkk Bhd ugh gks ikrh vkSj ftruk ykHk gksuk pkfg;s] mruk ugha gksrkA

dlkb;ksa ds gkFkksa ls xk; cpkuk viax vkSj vlgk; xk;ks ds thou&fuokZg dh lqUnj O;oLFkk djuk vkSj nw/kokyh xk;ks dh gR;k jksdus ds fy;s lc izdkj ds mfpr iz;kl djuk vkfn lHkh vko';d dk;Z gS vkSj /keZ gS ijarq lkoZtfud :Ik ls lPPkh xksj{kk rks rHkh lEHko gS] tc xkSdk nw/k Ik;kZIr ek=k esa c<+ tk;sxk vkSj xkS esa cgqr etcwr vkSj cyoku cNM+k iSnk djus dh 'kfDr vk tk;sxhA fiatjkiksy vkSj xkS'kkyk, bl fn'kk esa Hkh cgqr dqN dk;Z dj ldrh gSA esjh le> ls fiatjkiksyksa vkSj xkS'kkykvksa dks viuh&viuh ifjfLFkfr vuqlkj uhps fy[ks dk;Z djus dk iz;Ru djuk pkfg;s&

¼1½ o`)] viax] chekj] nqcZy xk; vkSj vlgk; cSy vkSj ,sls gh cNM+s& cNM+h vkfn ds ikyu iks"k.k dh iwjh O;oLFkk gks] ftlesa os thou dsvfUre lk¡l rd lq[kiwoZd [kk ihdj jg ldsA xks&tkfrdk _.krks mrj gh ugh ldrk] ijUrq lPph d`rKrk izdV djus vkSjekuo&gn; dh cM+h dksey n;ko`fr dh j{kk djus ds fy;s bldh cM+h vko';drk gSA

¼2½ vPNh tkfr dh ,slh xk;ks dks tks pkjs nkus dh deh vkSj ns[kjs[k ds vHkko ls detksj gksdj fclqd x;h gks pqudj vkSj mUgs vyx j[kdj vPNh rjg f[kyk;k&fiyk;k tk; vkSj mudh iwjh&iwjh ns[kHkky dh tk;] ftlls os cgqr mi;ksxh vkSj cMs ifjek.k esa nw/k nsus okyh cu ldsA

¼3½ ,d vyx nqX/kky; foHkkx gks] ftles tkfr dh nq/kkj xk;ksa dk viuh xk;ksa esa pqudj [kjhndj cNfM;ksa dks mre xk; cukdj laxzg fd;k tk;A ?kkl&pkjs vkSj gok ikuh ds mfpr mi;ksx rFkk vPNs cyoku lk¡Mksa ds la;ksx ls muesa vkSj mudh larfr esa nw/k c<kus dk iz;Ru fd;k tk;A oSKkfud jhfr ls nw/k ds nqgu ls ysdj :ikUrj djus rd lko/kkuh j[kh tk;A bu xk;ksa dk nw/k turk dks [kkl rkSj ij chekjksa vkSj cPPkksa ds fy;s mfpr ewY; ij cspk tk;A tc xkSvks dh la[;k vf/kd gks tk;] rc mUgs fo'oklh ln~x`gLFkksa dks ikyu djus ds fy;s mfpr ewY; ij cspk tk; ij 'krZ ;g jgs fd tc xk; nw/k nsuk can dj nsxhA rc os mldk ikyu djasxas vkSj vleFkZrk dh gkyr esa gj fdlh ds gkFk u cspdj fiatjkiksy okil ns nsaxsaA

ftuds dkj.k O;oLFkk Bhd ugh gks ikrh vkSj ftruk ykHk gksuk pkfg;s] mruk ugha gksrkA

dlkb;ksa ds gkFkksa ls xk; cpkuk viax vkSj vlgk; xk;ks ds thou&fuokZg dh lqUnj O;oLFkk djuk vkSj nw/kokyh xk;ks dh gR;k jksdus ds fy;s lc izdkj ds mfpr iz;kl djuk vkfn lHkh vko';d dk;Z gS vkSj /keZ gS ijarq lkoZtfud :Ik ls lPPkh xksj{kk rks rHkh lEHko gS] tc xkSdk nw/k Ik;kZIr ek=k esa c<+ tk;sxk vkSj xkS esa cgqr etcwr vkSj cyoku cNM+k iSnk djus dh 'kfDr vk tk;sxhA fiatjkiksy vkSj xkS'kkyk, bl fn'kk esa Hkh cgqr dqN dk;Z dj ldrh gSA esjh le> ls fiatjkiksyksa vkSj xkS'kkykvksa dks viuh&viuh ifjfLFkfr vuqlkj uhps fy[ks dk;Z djus dk iz;Ru djuk pkfg;s&

¼1½ o`)] viax] chekj] nqcZy xk; vkSj vlgk; cSy vkSj ,sls gh cNM+s& cNM+h vkfn ds ikyu iks"k.k dh iwjh O;oLFkk gks] ftlesa os thou dsvfUre lk¡l rd lq[kiwoZd [kk ihdj jg ldsA xks&tkfrdk _.krks mrj gh ugh ldrk] ijUrq lPph d`rKrk izdV djus vkSjekuo&gn; dh cM+h dksey n;ko`fr dh j{kk djus ds fy;s bldh cM+h vko';drk gSA

¼2½ vPNh tkfr dh ,slh xk;ks dks tks pkjs nkus dh deh vkSj ns[kjs[k ds vHkko ls detksj gksdj fclqd x;h gks pqudj vkSj mUgs vyx j[kdj vPNh rjg f[kyk;k&fiyk;k tk; vkSj mudh iwjh&iwjh ns[kHkky dh tk;] ftlls os cgqr mi;ksxh vkSj cMs ifjek.k esa nw/k nsus okyh cu ldsA

¼3½ ,d vyx nqX/kky; foHkkx gks] ftles tkfr dh nq/kkj xk;ksa dk viuh xk;ksa esa pqudj [kjhndj cNfM;ksa dks mre xk; cukdj laxzg fd;k tk;A ?kkl&pkjs vkSj gok ikuh ds mfpr mi;ksx rFkk vPNs cyoku lk¡Mksa ds la;ksx ls muesa vkSj mudh larfr esa nw/k c<kus dk iz;Ru fd;k tk;A oSKkfud jhfr ls nw/k ds nqgu ls ysdj :ikUrj djus rd lko/kkuh j[kh tk;A bu xk;ksa dk nw/k turk dks [kkl rkSj ij chekjksa vkSj cPPkksa ds fy;s mfpr ewY; ij cspk tk;A tc xkSvks dh la[;k vf/kd gks tk;] rc mUgs fo'oklh ln~x`gLFkksa dks ikyu djus ds fy;s mfpr ewY; ij cspk tk; ij 'krZ ;g jgs fd tc xk; nw/k nsuk can dj nsxhA rc os mldk ikyu djasxas vkSj vleFkZrk dh gkyr esa gj fdlh ds gkFk u cspdj fiatjkiksy okil ns nsaxsaA

¼4½ fo'oklh ln~x`gLFkksa dks cSy cukus ds fy;s cNM+s nsdj cnys esa cNfM+;k¡ ys yh tk; vkSj mUgs nq/kk# xk;sa cuk;k tk;A

¼5½ fiatjkiksyksa vkSj xkS'kkykvksa esa vPNh cqjh lHkh tkfr;ks ds etcwr vkSj detksj xk;sa] cNM+s vkSj lk¡M vkfn lkFk&lkFk jgk djrs gSA blls fcydqy detksj vkSj vuqi;ksxh xk;sa Hkh c/kjkbZ tkrh gS vkSj cgqr detksj fudEes lkaM cj/kkus dk dke djrs gSa bldk Qy ;g gksrk gS fd mUkdss cNM+s vkSj cNMh+ cgqr gh detksj iSnk gksrs gSA tks vPNk pkjk nkuk feyus ij Hkh jt&fo;Z ds nks"k ds dkj.k viuh gkyr ugh lq/kkj ldrs ,slh cNfM+;k¡ cgqr nsj ls xkfHkUk gksrh gS] vkSj C;kus ij FkksMs+ ls fnuksa rd cgqr FkksMk nw/k nsrh gS vkSj cNM+sbrus nqcZy gksrs gS fd os lk¡M cuus ;ksX; rks jgrs gh ugh vPNs cSy Hkh ugh cu ldrsA bl izdkj nksuks x`gLFk ds fy; Hkkj:Ik gksdj thrs gS vksj nq[k Hkksxrs gSA ,sls detksj xk; cSyks ls nw/k ds mRiknu dh 'kfDr ?kVrh gS vkSj reke larfr [kjkc gks tkrh gSA blfy;s ,slh xk;ks dk vkSj lk¡Mks dk la;ksx dHkh gks gh ugh bl ckr dk iwjk [;ky j[kuk pkfg,A

¼6½ ns'k esa vPNs lk¡Mks dh cgqr deh gks x;h gSa ljdkjh vuqeku gS fd tgka vPNs <kbZ lks lkaM pkfg;s ogk ,d lkaM gSA blfy, vPNs ls vPNs lk¡M cuk;s tk;sa vkSj ikys tk;saA muesa ls dqN dks vius bykds dh vPNh xk;ks ds cj/kku ds fy;s lqjf{kr j[kk tk; ftlls mudh uLy esa lq/kkj gks A ;fn izR;sd fiatjkiksy nl& chl vPNs ls vPNs lkaM cukdj turk ds mi;ksx ds fy;s mUgs lEkfiZr dj ns rks xks &tkfr dh cgqr cMh lsok gks ldrh gSA

¼7½ ,sls vleFkZ ln~x`gLFkksa dh vPNh tkfr dh xkfHku xk;ksa dks ftUgksus nw/k nsuk can dj fn;k gS] ikyu djus ds fy;s de [kpZ ij fitjkiksyksa esa ys fy;k tk; vkSj C;kus ds ckn mUgs okil ns fn;k tk;A blh izdkj vleFkZ x`gLFkksa ds NksVs cNM+s &cNfM+;ksa dk Hkh ikyu fd;k tk;A ,sls xk; cNM+ksa dks dksbZ ekfyd cspuk pkgs rks mUgs fiatjkiksy vPNh nq/kk: xk; vkSj etcwr cSy cukus ds fy;s [kjhn ysA

¼8½ fiatjkiksyksa ds ikl izk; tehu gksrh gh gSA ugh rks tehu dk izcU/k fd;k tk; vkSj mlesa mi;ksxh ?kkl pkjs dh [ksrh dh tk; vkSj izpqjek=k esa ?kkl&pkjk mitk;k tk;sA

¼9½ izfro"kZ gjs ?kkl pkjs dk Bhd i)fr ds vuqlkj xM~Mks esa nckdj ;k dqIiks esa Hkjdj j[kk tk; flyst cuk;s tk;s ftlls lw[ks ekSle

¼4½ fo'oklh ln~x`gLFkksa dks cSy cukus ds fy;s cNM+s nsdj cnys esa cNfM+;k¡ ys yh tk; vkSj mUgs nq/kk# xk;sa cuk;k tk;A

¼5½ fiatjkiksyksa vkSj xkS'kkykvksa esa vPNh cqjh lHkh tkfr;ks ds etcwr vkSj detksj xk;sa] cNM+s vkSj lk¡M vkfn lkFk&lkFk jgk djrs gSA blls fcydqy detksj vkSj vuqi;ksxh xk;sa Hkh c/kjkbZ tkrh gS vkSj cgqr detksj fudEes lkaM cj/kkus dk dke djrs gSa bldk Qy ;g gksrk gS fd mUkdss cNM+s vkSj cNMh+ cgqr gh detksj iSnk gksrs gSA tks vPNk pkjk nkuk feyus ij Hkh jt&fo;Z ds nks"k ds dkj.k viuh gkyr ugh lq/kkj ldrs ,slh cNfM+;k¡ cgqr nsj ls xkfHkUk gksrh gS] vkSj C;kus ij FkksMs+ ls fnuksa rd cgqr FkksMk nw/k nsrh gS vkSj cNM+sbrus nqcZy gksrs gS fd os lk¡M cuus ;ksX; rks jgrs gh ugh vPNs cSy Hkh ugh cu ldrsA bl izdkj nksuks x`gLFk ds fy; Hkkj:Ik gksdj thrs gS vksj nq[k Hkksxrs gSA ,sls detksj xk; cSyks ls nw/k ds mRiknu dh 'kfDr ?kVrh gS vkSj reke larfr [kjkc gks tkrh gSA blfy;s ,slh xk;ks dk vkSj lk¡Mks dk la;ksx dHkh gks gh ugh bl ckr dk iwjk [;ky j[kuk pkfg,A

¼6½ ns'k esa vPNs lk¡Mks dh cgqr deh gks x;h gSa ljdkjh vuqeku gS fd tgka vPNs <kbZ lks lkaM pkfg;s ogk ,d lkaM gSA blfy, vPNs ls vPNs lk¡M cuk;s tk;sa vkSj ikys tk;saA muesa ls dqN dks vius bykds dh vPNh xk;ks ds cj/kku ds fy;s lqjf{kr j[kk tk; ftlls mudh uLy esa lq/kkj gks A ;fn izR;sd fiatjkiksy nl& chl vPNs ls vPNs lkaM cukdj turk ds mi;ksx ds fy;s mUgs lEkfiZr dj ns rks xks &tkfr dh cgqr cMh lsok gks ldrh gSA

¼7½ ,sls vleFkZ ln~x`gLFkksa dh vPNh tkfr dh xkfHku xk;ksa dks ftUgksus nw/k nsuk can dj fn;k gS] ikyu djus ds fy;s de [kpZ ij fitjkiksyksa esa ys fy;k tk; vkSj C;kus ds ckn mUgs okil ns fn;k tk;A blh izdkj vleFkZ x`gLFkksa ds NksVs cNM+s &cNfM+;ksa dk Hkh ikyu fd;k tk;A ,sls xk; cNM+ksa dks dksbZ ekfyd cspuk pkgs rks mUgs fiatjkiksy vPNh nq/kk: xk; vkSj etcwr cSy cukus ds fy;s [kjhn ysA

¼8½ fiatjkiksyksa ds ikl izk; tehu gksrh gh gSA ugh rks tehu dk izcU/k fd;k tk; vkSj mlesa mi;ksxh ?kkl pkjs dh [ksrh dh tk; vkSj izpqjek=k esa ?kkl&pkjk mitk;k tk;sA

¼9½ izfro"kZ gjs ?kkl pkjs dk Bhd i)fr ds vuqlkj xM~Mks esa nckdj ;k dqIiks esa Hkjdj j[kk tk; flyst cuk;s tk;s ftlls lw[ks ekSle

7 8

esa Ik'kqvksa dks iqf"Vdj pht [kkus dks fey ldsA ¼10½ lw[ks vkSj gjs pkjs dk LVkWd fd;k tk; vkSj dkQh LVkWd gksus ij

de ls de nks o"kZ ds fy;s viuh vko';drk dk leku j[kdj 'ks"k mfpr ewY; ij x`gLFkks dks cspk tk;A

¼11½ Ik;kZIr xkspjHkwfe gks ftlesa laLFkku dh xk;sa rks pjk;sa gh mfpr dher ij nwljs yksxksa dh Hkh fclqdh gqbZ xk;sa vkSj cNM+h &cNM+s ogka pj ldsA

¼12½ xkscj dks tykus ds dke esa u ysdj oSKkfud jhfr ls mldh [kkn cuk;h tk;sA blh izdkj xksew= dk Hkh [kkn ds dke esa mi;ksx fd;k tk;A fiatjkiksy dh ijrh tehu esa bl [kkn ls cgqewY; ?kkl pkjk iSnk gks ldrk gSA

¼13½ d`f"k lq/kkj ds vko';d vkSj lqfo/kk ls dke esa ysus yk;d rjhdksa ls Qy&Qwy vkSj lkx Hkh mitk;k tk; vksj mls cspk tk;A xkscj &xksew= dh [kkn ls bl [ksrh esa Hkh cgqr ykHk gks ldrk gSA

¼14½ Ik'kqvksa dh lQkbZ rFkk LokLF; dk muds 'kjhj ij fpapM+h taw vkfn dhM+s ?kj u dj ldsa] bldk iwjk /;ku j[kk tk;A vaxghu chekj] fucZy cyoku~ Ik'kqvksa ds fy;s jgus vkSj pjus ds vyx&vyx LFkku gksa rkfd u rks ijLij jksx laØe.k dj ldsa] u cyoku~ Ik'kqdh ekj ds Mj ls fucZy Ik'kq Hkw[kk jgdj e`R;q dh vkSj vxzlj gksA mUgs /kksus ugykus iksaNus muesa dhM+s u iSnk gksus nsus bR;kfn dh iwjh O;OkLFkk jguh pkfg;sA bekjrsa edku bl <ax ds cukus pkfg;s] ftuesa gok vkSj izdk'k vkrk gks rFkk ftudh vPNh rjg lQkbZ dh tk ldrh gksA dq,sa rFkk flapkbZ vkfn dh O;OkLFkk ykHkizn oSKkfud <ax ls gksA

¼15½ vPNs xks&fpfdRld dks j[kk tk; vkSj lkFk gh ,d vLirky ;k nok[kkuk jgsA chekj Ik'kqvksa dk lko/kkuh ls bykt gks] ftl le; Ik'kqvksa esa ladzked jksx QSyus yxs] ml le; ;fn mUgs nok ds ty ls ugykus izfrjks/kd nok ;k batsD'ku nsus dh iwjh O;oLFkk gks rks jksx dk foLrkj lgt gh :d tk; vkSj cgqr ls Ik'kqvksa ds izk.k vuk;kl gh cp tk;sA dksbZ [kkl ladzked jksx ls ihfMr xk; fiatjkiksy esa vkos rks mls vyx j[kdj bykt djkuk pkfg;s ftlls nwljh xk;ks ij mldk vlj ugh gksA xk;ks dh HkrhZ djrs le; ;fn xkS'kkyk ds MkWDVj xk; dh ijh{kk dj fy;k djs rks loksZre gSA

¼16½ izR;sd LkaLFkk esa ,d Ik'kq&ikyu foKku esa ikjaxr ftEEksokj oSrfud iq:"k jgus pkfg;sa Ik'kqvksa dh igpku] muds j[kus vkSj f[kykus

esa Ik'kqvksa dks iqf"Vdj pht [kkus dks fey ldsA ¼10½ lw[ks vkSj gjs pkjs dk LVkWd fd;k tk; vkSj dkQh LVkWd gksus ij

de ls de nks o"kZ ds fy;s viuh vko';drk dk leku j[kdj 'ks"k mfpr ewY; ij x`gLFkks dks cspk tk;A

¼11½ Ik;kZIr xkspjHkwfe gks ftlesa laLFkku dh xk;sa rks pjk;sa gh mfpr dher ij nwljs yksxksa dh Hkh fclqdh gqbZ xk;sa vkSj cNM+h &cNM+s ogka pj ldsA

¼12½ xkscj dks tykus ds dke esa u ysdj oSKkfud jhfr ls mldh [kkn cuk;h tk;sA blh izdkj xksew= dk Hkh [kkn ds dke esa mi;ksx fd;k tk;A fiatjkiksy dh ijrh tehu esa bl [kkn ls cgqewY; ?kkl pkjk iSnk gks ldrk gSA

¼13½ d`f"k lq/kkj ds vko';d vkSj lqfo/kk ls dke esa ysus yk;d rjhdksa ls Qy&Qwy vkSj lkx Hkh mitk;k tk; vksj mls cspk tk;A xkscj &xksew= dh [kkn ls bl [ksrh esa Hkh cgqr ykHk gks ldrk gSA

¼14½ Ik'kqvksa dh lQkbZ rFkk LokLF; dk muds 'kjhj ij fpapM+h taw vkfn dhM+s ?kj u dj ldsa] bldk iwjk /;ku j[kk tk;A vaxghu chekj] fucZy cyoku~ Ik'kqvksa ds fy;s jgus vkSj pjus ds vyx&vyx LFkku gksa rkfd u rks ijLij jksx laØe.k dj ldsa] u cyoku~ Ik'kqdh ekj ds Mj ls fucZy Ik'kq Hkw[kk jgdj e`R;q dh vkSj vxzlj gksA mUgs /kksus ugykus iksaNus muesa dhM+s u iSnk gksus nsus bR;kfn dh iwjh O;OkLFkk jguh pkfg;sA bekjrsa edku bl <ax ds cukus pkfg;s] ftuesa gok vkSj izdk'k vkrk gks rFkk ftudh vPNh rjg lQkbZ dh tk ldrh gksA dq,sa rFkk flapkbZ vkfn dh O;OkLFkk ykHkizn oSKkfud <ax ls gksA

¼15½ vPNs xks&fpfdRld dks j[kk tk; vkSj lkFk gh ,d vLirky ;k nok[kkuk jgsA chekj Ik'kqvksa dk lko/kkuh ls bykt gks] ftl le; Ik'kqvksa esa ladzked jksx QSyus yxs] ml le; ;fn mUgs nok ds ty ls ugykus izfrjks/kd nok ;k batsD'ku nsus dh iwjh O;oLFkk gks rks jksx dk foLrkj lgt gh :d tk; vkSj cgqr ls Ik'kqvksa ds izk.k vuk;kl gh cp tk;sA dksbZ [kkl ladzked jksx ls ihfMr xk; fiatjkiksy esa vkos rks mls vyx j[kdj bykt djkuk pkfg;s ftlls nwljh xk;ks ij mldk vlj ugh gksA xk;ks dh HkrhZ djrs le; ;fn xkS'kkyk ds MkWDVj xk; dh ijh{kk dj fy;k djs rks loksZre gSA

¼16½ izR;sd LkaLFkk esa ,d Ik'kq&ikyu foKku esa ikjaxr ftEEksokj oSrfud iq:"k jgus pkfg;sa Ik'kqvksa dh igpku] muds j[kus vkSj f[kykus

fiykus dh O;oLFkk] lQy ][ksrh dk izca/k ?kkl pkjs dk laxzg gjs pkjs ds flyst cukus dh O;oLFkk LoPNrk vksj lQkbZ dk izca/k lc phtksa dk vyx&vyx fglkc vkSj jftLVj j[kus vkfn lkjs dke mUgh ds fu;U=.k vkSj ns[kjs[k esa gksus pkfg;sA os Ik'kq fpfdRlk esa Hkh n{k gks rks lcls vPNh ckr gSA oSlh gkyr es i'kq fpfdRlk ds fy;s vyx MkWDVj u j[kdj ,d lq;ksX; lgdkjh j[kus ls Hkh dke py ldrk gSA

¼17½ Ik'kq] ?kkl&pkjk nqX/kky; i'kqvksa dh tfkr vksj muds ekrk&firk Ik'qkvksa ds tUei= vksj laLFkk ds vk;&O;; vkfn dk C;ksjs okj fooj.k j[kuk pkfg;sA

¼18½ u;s fiatjkiksy] xks'kkyk,¡ cuk;s tk;s rks mudks 'kgjksa esa u cukdj ,sls LFkkuksa es cukuk pkfg;s tgka [kqyh txg gksA pkjksa vkSj foLr`r [skr gksA unh rV gks rks cgqr vPNk gS ugh rks ty dk iwjk izcU/k rks vo'; gksA

xkS'kkykvksa dh LFkkiuk dk mís';

1- xkSgR;k ij jksd dk dkjxj rFkk O;kogkfjd gy iznku djuk A2- xkSikyu xksoa'k o`f) ds izfr tu psruk tkxj.k ds orZeku xksikyu

n`f"Vdks.k esa ifjorZu A3- xzkeks esa xzke m|ksx o fVdkÅ d`f"k fodkl dk vk/kkj [kM+k dj

csjkstxkjh o xjhch mUewyu A4- dkjxj i;kZoj.k&izcU/ku dk <k¡pk [kM+k djuk A5- xzke dh gjsd xfHkZ.khukjh rFkk gj f'k'kq dks fu%'kqYd nw/k nsuk rFkk

lqjf{kr ekr`Ro ds ek/;e ls tula[;k foLQksV ij jksd A6- jkT;kfJr] fldqM+rh ne rksM+rh fodkl izfØ;k dk fodYi [kM+kdj jk"Vª

ds vFkZrU= dks lqn`<+ djuk A7- xkS'kkykvksa ds }kjk lexz&xzkeh.k fodkl rFkk xzkeksRFkku ls lEiw.kZ

ØkfUr dk lw=ikr A 8- fodsUnzh;d`r vFkZ O;oLFkk ds <k¡ps ds uewus rFkk lkaLd`frd vkSj

lkekftd xfrfof/k;ksa ds lkeqnkf;d ¼dE;qfuVh½ dsUnz ds :i esa fodflr djukA

fiykus dh O;oLFkk] lQy ][ksrh dk izca/k ?kkl pkjs dk laxzg gjs pkjs ds flyst cukus dh O;oLFkk LoPNrk vksj lQkbZ dk izca/k lc phtksa dk vyx&vyx fglkc vkSj jftLVj j[kus vkfn lkjs dke mUgh ds fu;U=.k vkSj ns[kjs[k esa gksus pkfg;sA os Ik'kq fpfdRlk esa Hkh n{k gks rks lcls vPNh ckr gSA oSlh gkyr es i'kq fpfdRlk ds fy;s vyx MkWDVj u j[kdj ,d lq;ksX; lgdkjh j[kus ls Hkh dke py ldrk gSA

¼17½ Ik'kq] ?kkl&pkjk nqX/kky; i'kqvksa dh tfkr vksj muds ekrk&firk Ik'qkvksa ds tUei= vksj laLFkk ds vk;&O;; vkfn dk C;ksjs okj fooj.k j[kuk pkfg;sA

¼18½ u;s fiatjkiksy] xks'kkyk,¡ cuk;s tk;s rks mudks 'kgjksa esa u cukdj ,sls LFkkuksa es cukuk pkfg;s tgka [kqyh txg gksA pkjksa vkSj foLr`r [skr gksA unh rV gks rks cgqr vPNk gS ugh rks ty dk iwjk izcU/k rks vo'; gksA

xkS'kkykvksa dh LFkkiuk dk mís';

9 10

xkS'kkykvksa ls lapkfyr gks ldus okyh xfrfof/k;k¡1- izFke pj.k dh xfrfof/k;k¡ %& 1- dEiksLV [kkn cukuk rFkk mldh lLrh fcØh A2- xksew= ,d= djuk ,oa mlds fofHkUu mi;ksx lEcU/kh xfrfof/k;ka A3- xkscj xSl IykaV lapkyu] xSl forj.k@fcØh A4- xkscj xSl IykaV dh lySjh dh [kkn cukuk] mldh fcØh A5- xkao dh xHkZorh efgykvksa rFkk f'k'kqvksa dks fu%'kqYd nw/k forj.k A6- xks uLy lq/kkj dk;ZØe ¼ns'kh tkfr;ksa dh lokZaxh.k uLy rS;kj djuk½2-f}rh; pj.k dh xfrfof/k;ka %&1- fefJr ikS/k'kkyk ¼ulZjh½ dh LFkkiuk ,oa lapkyu A2- pkjk mxkuk] lkbyst cukuk ,oa mudh fcØh 3- LFkkuh; tM+h cqafV;ksa dk mRiknu] laj{k.k ,oa forj.k A4- pjkaV fodkl pjku] pqxku] lEcU/kh dk;Z A5- vfgald peZ m|ksx lEcU/kh xfrfof/k;ka A6- O;k;ke'kkyk] laLdkj 'kkyk dh LFkkiuk ,oa lapkyu A7- dqVhj m|ksx mRiknu lgdkjh fcØh dsUnz A8- izkS<+ ikB'kkyk] efgyk m|ksx ikB'kkyk dh LFkkiuk ,oa lapkyu A9- iqLrdky; dh LFkkiuk ,oa lapkyu A10- lkeqnkf;d dsUnz ¼dE;wfuVh lsaVj½ dU;k xq#dqy LFkkiuk

Xkksj{kk

[ksrh djus okys lTtuksa dks pkfg;s fd os xk;] cNM+k] cSy vkfn dks cspsa ughaA [ksrh vkSj xk;dk ijLij cM+k ?kfu"B laca/k gSa [ksrh ls xk; iq"V gksrh gS vkSj xk; ls [ksrh iq"V gksrh gSA xkscj vkSj xksew= ls tehu cM+h iq"V gksrh gSA vc fons'kh [kkn ykdj [ksrksa esa Mkyrs gS rks mlls vkjEHk esa dqN o"kZ [ksrh vPNh gskxh] ij dqN o"kZ ds ckn esa tehu mitkm ugh jgsxh] fudEeh gks tk;xhA fons'kksa esa [kkn ls tehu [kjkc gks x;h gS vkSj os yksx cEcbZ ls tgktksa es xkscj ykndj ys tk jgs gS] ftl xkscj ls tehu Bhd gks tk; cqf)ekuh rks blh esa gS fd xk;ksa dh o`f) dh tk;A xk;ksa dh o`f) gkssus ls nw/k] ?kh vkfn dh o`f) gksxh] ftuls euq";ksa dk thou pysxk] mudh cqf) c<+sxhA

Xkksj{kk

[ksrh djus okys lTtuksa dks pkfg;s fd os xk;] cNM+k] cSy vkfn dks cspsa ughaA [ksrh vkSj xk;dk ijLij cM+k ?kfu"B laca/k gSa [ksrh ls xk; iq"V gksrh gS vkSj xk; ls [ksrh iq"V gksrh gSA xkscj vkSj xksew= ls tehu cM+h iq"V gksrh gSA vc fons'kh [kkn ykdj [ksrksa esa Mkyrs gS rks mlls vkjEHk esa dqN o"kZ [ksrh vPNh gskxh] ij dqN o"kZ ds ckn esa tehu mitkm ugh jgsxh] fudEeh gks tk;xhA fons'kksa esa [kkn ls tehu [kjkc gks x;h gS vkSj os yksx cEcbZ ls tgktksa es xkscj ykndj ys tk jgs gS] ftl xkscj ls tehu Bhd gks tk; cqf)ekuh rks blh esa gS fd xk;ksa dh o`f) dh tk;A xk;ksa dh o`f) gkssus ls nw/k] ?kh vkfn dh o`f) gksxh] ftuls euq";ksa dk thou pysxk] mudh cqf) c<+sxhA

cqf) c<+us ls foosd dks cy feysxk] ftlls lr~&rRo dh izkfIr gksxhA lr~ &rRo dh izkfIr gksus ij iw.kZrk gks tk;sxhA vFkkZr~ euq"; d`rd`R;] Kkr&KkRkO; vkSj izkIr&izkIrO; gks tk;sxkA

xk;ksa ds xkscj vkSj xks ew= ls gksus okyh [kkn cgqr cf<+;k gksrh gSA xk; dk xkscj vkSj xksew= rks cM+k ifo= gksrk gSA xkscj esa y{eh dk vkSj xksew= esa xaxk dk fuokl gSA ?kj esa fdlh dh e`R;q gks tk; vFkok ckyd iSnk gks tk; rks ?kj dh 'kqf) ds fy;s xksew= ykdj fNM+drs gS] xkscj dk pkSdk yxkrs gSa dksbZ ejusokyk gks rks xkscj dk pkSdk yxkdj ml ij lqykrs gSA tc ckyd dk ukedj.k djrs gS] rc xkscj dk pkSdk yxkdj ml ij ckyd dks cSBkrs gSA bruh ifo= phtsa iSnk djrh gSxk;sa! mu xk;ksa dks gh vkt [kRe dj jgs gSa] fQj xkscj dgk¡ ls feysxk? iz'u blfy, [skrh djus okyksa ls dguk gS fd xk;ksa dks] cNM+ks dks cspks erA cw<s+ cSy vkSj cw<+h xk;ksa dh fcØh er djksA mudks dlkb;ksa ds gkFk er cspksA xk; cw<+h gks x;h] cNM+k ugh nsrh] nw/k ugh nsrh] mldks csp nsrs gks] fQj ?kj esa tks cw<+h ekrk,¡ gSa] cw<+s firk gSa mudk D;k djksxs?

dlkbZ[kkusa esa vPNs&vPNs] toku&toku cSy Vªdksa esa Hkjdj yk;s tkrs gS vkSj [kM+s dj fn;s tkrs gS A nwj&nwj rd lhax gh lhax fn[krs FksA ,sls cSyksa dks e'khuksa ds }kjk cM+h cqjh rjg ls ekjrs gSA thrs&th mudk peM+k mrkjk tkrk gS] D;ksafd thrs gq, dk peM+k mrkjk tk; rks og cgqr uje gksrk gSa] tks xk;ksa vkSj cSyksa dks csprs gS] mudks ;g gR;k yxrh gSA muds NksVs&cNM+s&cNM+h csp nsrs gSA dkj.k fd xk;&cSyks dh vis{kk cNMs+&cNfM+;ks dk ekal fons'kks esa cgqr eg¡xk fcdrk gSA

xk; vkSj ek; cspus dh ugh gksrhA tc rd xk; nw/k vkSj cNM+k nsrh gS] cSy dke djrk gS] rc rd mudks j[krs gSA tc os cw<+s gks tkrs gS] rc csp nsrs gSA ;g fdruh d`rKrk dh ckr gSA fdrus iki dh ckr gS xk¡/khth us ̂ uothou* v[kckj esa fy[kk Fkk] fd cw<+k cSy ftruk xkscj vkSj xkSew= djrk gS] mlls de [kpkZ djrk gSA ftruk ?kkl [kkrk gS] mruk xkscj vkSj xksew= dj nsrk gSA oSKkfudksa us dgk gS fd ,d le; ,slk vkusokyk gS] tc u fctyh feysxh] u isVªksy&Mhty fQj D;k n'kk gksxh yksxksa dh ? blfy, vki yksxksa ls dgrk gq¡ fd xk;&cSy dks cNM+k&cNM+h dks cspks erA vHkh Hkh rsy eg¡xk gks jgk gS vkSj vki VSªDVjksa ls rsy [kpZ dj jgs gksA tc rsy ugha feysxk] rc fcuk VSªDVjks ds [ksrh dSls djksxs ?cSyksa dks rks [kRe dj jgs gks! [ksrksa dh iqf"V xk;&cSyksa ls gksrh gS] VªsDVjksa ls ughA blfy, xk; cSyksa dh j{kk djksA

cqf) c<+us ls foosd dks cy feysxk] ftlls lr~&rRo dh izkfIr gksxhA lr~ &rRo dh izkfIr gksus ij iw.kZrk gks tk;sxhA vFkkZr~ euq"; d`rd`R;] Kkr&KkRkO; vkSj izkIr&izkIrO; gks tk;sxkA

xk;ksa ds xkscj vkSj xks ew= ls gksus okyh [kkn cgqr cf<+;k gksrh gSA xk; dk xkscj vkSj xksew= rks cM+k ifo= gksrk gSA xkscj esa y{eh dk vkSj xksew= esa xaxk dk fuokl gSA ?kj esa fdlh dh e`R;q gks tk; vFkok ckyd iSnk gks tk; rks ?kj dh 'kqf) ds fy;s xksew= ykdj fNM+drs gS] xkscj dk pkSdk yxkrs gSa dksbZ ejusokyk gks rks xkscj dk pkSdk yxkdj ml ij lqykrs gSA tc ckyd dk ukedj.k djrs gS] rc xkscj dk pkSdk yxkdj ml ij ckyd dks cSBkrs gSA bruh ifo= phtsa iSnk djrh gS xk;sa! mu xk;ksa dks gh vkt [kRe dj jgs gSa] fQj xkscj dgk¡ ls feysxk iz'u blfy, [skrh djus okyksa ls dguk gS fd xk;ksa dks] cNM+ks dks cspks erA cw<s+ cSy vkSj cw<+h xk;ksa dh fcØh er djksA mudks dlkb;ksa ds gkFk er cspksA xk; cw<+h gks x;h] cNM+k ugh nsrh] nw/k ugh nsrh] mldks csp nsrs gks] fQj ?kj esa tks cw<+h ekrk,¡ gSa] cw<+s firk gSa mudk D;k djksxs

dlkbZ[kkusa esa vPNs&vPNs] toku&toku cSy Vªdksa esa Hkjdj yk;s tkrs gS vkSj [kM+s dj fn;s tkrs gS A nwj&nwj rd lhax gh lhax fn[krs FksA ,sls cSyksa dks e'khuksa ds }kjk cM+h cqjh rjg ls ekjrs gSA thrs&th mudk peM+k mrkjk tkrk gS] D;ksafd thrs gq, dk peM+k mrkjk tk; rks og cgqr uje gksrk gSa] tks xk;ksa vkSj cSyksa dks csprs gS] mudks ;g gR;k yxrh gSA muds NksVs&cNM+s&cNM+h csp nsrs gSA dkj.k fd xk;&cSyks dh vis{kk cNMs+&cNfM+;ks dk ekal fons'kks esa cgqr eg¡xk fcdrk gSA

xk; vkSj ek; cspus dh ugh gksrhA tc rd xk; nw/k vkSj cNM+k nsrh gS] cSy dke djrk gS] rc rd mudks j[krs gSA tc os cw<+s gks tkrs gS] rc csp nsrs gSA ;g fdruh d`rKrk dh ckr gSA fdrus iki dh ckr gS xk¡/khth us ̂ uothou* v[kckj esa fy[kk Fkk] fd cw<+k cSy ftruk xkscj vkSj xkSew= djrk gS] mlls de [kpkZ djrk gSA ftruk ?kkl [kkrk gS] mruk xkscj vkSj xksew= dj nsrk gSA oSKkfudksa us dgk gS fd ,d le; ,slk vkusokyk gS] tc u fctyh feysxh] u isVªksy&Mhty fQj D;k n'kk gksxh yksxksa dh blfy, vki yksxksa ls dgrk gq¡ fd xk;&cSy dks cNM+k&cNM+h dks cspks erA vHkh Hkh rsy eg¡xk gks jgk gS vkSj vki VSªDVjksa ls rsy [kpZ dj jgs gksA tc rsy ugha feysxk] rc fcuk VSªDVjks ds [ksrh dSls djksxs cSyksa dks rks [kRe dj jgs gks! [ksrksa dh iqf"V xk;&cSyksa ls gksrh gS] VªsDVjksa ls ughA blfy, xk; cSyksa dh j{kk djksA

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;fn ,slk u gks lds& ge lc dqN Hkxoku~ dk u le> ldsa rks fQj de&ls&de viuh vk; dk&viuh lEifr dk "k"Bka'k rks vo'; gh Hkxoku~ dh lsok esaa&/keZ dk;ksaZ esa yxk;saA ;g gekjs }kjk gh fd;k tk ldrk gSA /keZ dks 'kkL=ksa us iaxq crk;k gS& og gekjs pyk;s gh py ldrk gSA jktk dh rjg og gles cyiwoZd dj olwy ugha djrkA gesa pkfg;s fd tks ge Hkksxksa ds fufer /ku dks ikuh dh rjg cgkrs gS] C;kg &'kkfn;ksa esa rFkk vU; lkekftd dk;ksZ esa vuki&'kuki [kpZ djrs gS] dhfrZ ds fy;s vFkok mikf/k vkfn ds :Ik esa ljdkj dh izlUurk izkIr djus ds fy, cM+h&cM+h /kujk'kh pans ds :Ik esa nsrs gSa rFkk ljdkjh vQljksa dks cM+h&cM+h ikfVZ;k¡ nsrs gS] ,slk u djds viuh vk; dk vFkok lEifr dk de&ls&de "k"Bka'k yksdksidkj ds dk;ksZ esa yxk;sa] vius dkjksckj ds dbZ foHkkxksa esa ls ,d foHkkx dks vFkok ,d gh foHkkx gks rks mlds ,d fgLls dks yksdlsod VªLV ds :Ik esa ifjofrZr dj nsa]rkfd mldh lkjh&dh&lkjh vk; yksdksidkj ds dk;ksZ esa [kpZ dh tk lds vkSj ml ij gekjk futh LokehRo fcydqy u jgsA dguk u gh gksxk fd mi;qZDr dk;ksZ ds fufer /ku O;; djus esa ljdkj Hkh gesa izksRlkgu nsrh gSA bldk izR;{k izek.k ;g gS fd /kkfeZd ,oa yksdksidkj ds dks"kksa ij ljdkj dh vksj ls ^bUde&VSDl* vkfn fdlh izdkj dk dj ugha fy;k tkrk A vktdy ̂bUde &VSDl* vkfn dj ls cpus ds fy, gekjs cgqr ls O;kikjh HkkbZ >wB&diV dk vkJ; ysrs ns[ks tkrs gSaA bl izdkj vU;k; ls yk[kksa :Ik;ksa dh tks cpr dh tkrh gS] bl izdkj yksdksidkj ds dk;ksZ esa tks dqN O;; fd;k tk;sxk] og v{k; gks tk;sxkA ge Hkksx&cqf} ls tks dqN cVksjrs gSa] og rks gekjs ejus ds ckn ;gha iM+k jg tk;sxk mlesa ls ,d ikbZ Hkh gekjs lkFk ugha tk ldsxh] ,d lwbZ ij Hkh gekjk vf/kdkj ugha jg tk;sxkA fdUrq /keZ ds fy;s ge tks dqN Hkh [kpZ djsaxs] og ijyksd esa Hkh gesa izkIr gksxkA pkjk vkfn ds }kjk xkSvksa dh j{kk djus dh gSA vkt ns'k ds dbZ Hkkxksa esa vUu dk cM+k Hkkjh d"V fn[kk;h ns jgk gSA

xks&tkfr ij Hkh bl le; gekjs ns'k esa cMk ladV gSA izfrfnu gtkjksa dh la[;k esa gekjs ns'k dh nw/k nsus okyh toku xk;sa] cfN;k rFkk cSy gekjs gh lkeus dVrsa gSa vkSj ge viuh vkW[kks ls ;g lc ns[kdj Hkh bldk dqN Hkh izfrdkj ugha dj jgs gSaA cgqr&lh xk;sa rks pkjs vkfn ds vHkko ls ej jgh gSaA gekjk drZO; gS fd ge muds fy;s pkjs vkfn dh leqfpr O;oLFkk djsa vkSj bl izdkj muds c<+rs gq, âkl dks jksdus dh ps"Vk djsaA xks&/ku gekjk lcls cM+k /ku gS&mlls gekjk /keZ&deZ lc

;fn ,slk u gks lds& ge lc dqN Hkxoku~ dk u le> ldsa rks fQj de&ls&de viuh vk; dk&viuh lEifr dk "k"Bka'k rks vo'; gh Hkxoku~ dh lsok esaa&/keZ dk;ksaZ esa yxk;saA ;g gekjs }kjk gh fd;k tk ldrk gSA /keZ dks 'kkL=ksa us iaxq crk;k gS& og gekjs pyk;s gh py ldrk gSA jktk dh rjg og gles cyiwoZd dj olwy ugha djrkA gesa pkfg;s fd tks ge Hkksxksa ds fufer /ku dks ikuh dh rjg cgkrs gS] C;kg &'kkfn;ksa esa rFkk vU; lkekftd dk;ksZ esa vuki&'kuki [kpZ djrs gS] dhfrZ ds fy;s vFkok mikf/k vkfn ds :Ik esa ljdkj dh izlUurk izkIr djus ds fy, cM+h&cM+h /kujk'kh pans ds :Ik esa nsrs gSa rFkk ljdkjh vQljksa dks cM+h&cM+h ikfVZ;k¡ nsrs gS] ,slk u djds viuh vk; dk vFkok lEifr dk de&ls&de "k"Bka'k yksdksidkj ds dk;ksZ esa yxk;sa] vius dkjksckj ds dbZ foHkkxksa esa ls ,d foHkkx dks vFkok ,d gh foHkkx gks rks mlds ,d fgLls dks yksdlsod VªLV ds :Ik esa ifjofrZr dj nsa]rkfd mldh lkjh&dh&lkjh vk; yksdksidkj ds dk;ksZ esa [kpZ dh tk lds vkSj ml ij gekjk futh LokehRo fcydqy u jgsA dguk u gh gksxk fd mi;qZDr dk;ksZ ds fufer /ku O;; djus esa ljdkj Hkh gesa izksRlkgu nsrh gSA bldk izR;{k izek.k ;g gS fd /kkfeZd ,oa yksdksidkj ds dks"kksa ij ljdkj dh vksj ls ^bUde&VSDl* vkfn fdlh izdkj dk dj ugha fy;k tkrk A vktdy ̂bUde &VSDl* vkfn dj ls cpus ds fy, gekjs cgqr ls O;kikjh HkkbZ >wB&diV dk vkJ; ysrs ns[ks tkrs gSaA bl izdkj vU;k; ls yk[kksa :Ik;ksa dh tks cpr dh tkrh gS] bl izdkj yksdksidkj ds dk;ksZ esa tks dqN O;; fd;k tk;sxk] og v{k; gks tk;sxkA ge Hkksx&cqf} ls tks dqN cVksjrs gSa] og rks gekjs ejus ds ckn ;gha iM+k jg tk;sxk mlesa ls ,d ikbZ Hkh gekjs lkFk ugha tk ldsxh] ,d lwbZ ij Hkh gekjk vf/kdkj ugha jg tk;sxkA fdUrq /keZ ds fy;s ge tks dqN Hkh [kpZ djsaxs] og ijyksd esa Hkh gesa izkIr gksxkA pkjk vkfn ds }kjk xkSvksa dh j{kk djus dh gSA vkt ns'k ds dbZ Hkkxksa esa vUu dk cM+k Hkkjh d"V fn[kk;h ns jgk gSA

xks&tkfr ij Hkh bl le; gekjs ns'k esa cMk ladV gSA izfrfnu gtkjksa dh la[;k esa gekjs ns'k dh nw/k nsus okyh toku xk;sa] cfN;k rFkk cSy gekjs gh lkeus dVrsa gSa vkSj ge viuh vkW[kks ls ;g lc ns[kdj Hkh bldk dqN Hkh izfrdkj ugha dj jgs gSaA cgqr&lh xk;sa rks pkjs vkfn ds vHkko ls ej jgh gSaA gekjk drZO; gS fd ge muds fy;s pkjs vkfn dh leqfpr O;oLFkk djsa vkSj bl izdkj muds c<+rs gq, âkl dks jksdus dh ps"Vk djsaA xks&/ku gekjk lcls cM+k /ku gS&mlls gekjk /keZ&deZ lc

dqN pyrk gS rFkk gekjs 'kjhj dk iks"k.k gksrk gSA xk; vkSj cSyksa ds fcuk gekjk thou gh dfBu gks tk;sxkA ,slh n'kk esa izR;sd Hkkjroklh dk ;g dRkZO; gks tkrk gS fd og xkSvksa dh j{kk ds fy;s ru&eu vksj /ku ls Hkh dfVc) gks tk;A izR;sd Hkkjrh; x`gLFk dks pkfg;s fd og d"V lgdj Hkh de&ls&de ,d xkS vius ?kj esa vo'; j[ksA ftl le; Hkkjr esa xkSvksa dh vf/kdrk Fkh] ml le; gekjk ;g Hkkjro"kZ lq[k&le`f) ls iw.kZ FkkA ;gk¡ nw/k&ngh dh ufn;k¡ lh cgrh FkhaA ftl eD[ku vksj ?kh ds vkt ge yksxksa dks n'kZu nqyZHk gks jgs gSa] mls Hkxoku~ Jh d`".k rks ckY;koLFkk esa canjksa dks Hkh yqVkrs FksA vdsys uUnckck ds ;gk¡ uks yk[k xk;sa Fkha vksj ,d&,d jktk yk[k&yk[k xk;ksa dknku dj nsrs FksA vkt gekjs xks&/kudk tks Hk;adj âkl n`f"Vxkspj gks jgk gS] og gekjs gh izekn dk nq"ifj.kke gSA gesa pkfg;sa fd vc Hkh psrs vkSj bl yqVrs gq, /ku dks cpkus dh ps"Vk djsaA

izkphu le; esa yksx xkS&j{kk ds fy, cM+s&cM+s d"V lgus ds fy;s rS;kj jgrs Fks] xkS ds izk.k cpkus ds fy;s vius izk.kksa dh Hkh vkgqfr nsus esa ugha fgpdrs FksaA egkjkt fnyhi dh xkS&HkfDr vkSj vtqZu xks&j{kk ozr blds ToyUr mnkgj.k gSA jktk fnyhi pØorhZ lezkV FksA xq: of'k"B dh vkKk ls mUgksus mudh xkS ufUnuh dh lsok dk Hkkj vius Åij ys fy;kA brus cM+s lezkV gksus ij Hkh mUgs xks&lsok djus esa yTtk ugha vk;h A os Lo;a mls pjkus ds fy;s taxy esa ys tkrs vkSj b"Vnsoh dh Hkkafr mldh lsok esa fpfUrr jgrsA os mlds cSBus ij cSBrs] [kMs+ gksus ij Lo;a [kMs+ gks tkrs] mlds HkjisV pj ysus ij gh Lo;a viuh Hkw[k 'kkUr djrs vkSj mldks ty fiykdj gh Lo;a ty xzg.k djrsA ,d fnu ufUnuh gjh Hkjh ?kklks ls lq'kksfHkr fgeky; dh dUnk esa izos'k dj x;hA ml le; mlds ân; esa rfud Hkh Hk; ugha FkkA jktk fnyhi fgeky; ds lqUnj f'k[kj dh 'kksHkk fugkj jgs FksA brus esa gh ,d flag us vkdj ufUnuh dks cyiwoZd /kj nck;kA jktk dks flag ds vkus dh vkgV rd ugha ekywe gqbZA flag ds paxqy esa Q¡ldj ufUnuh us n;uh; Loj esa cM+s tksj ls phRdkj fd;kA jktk us lglk ioZr dh vksj ls n`f"V gVkdj xkS ds fpYykus dk dkj.k tkuuk pkgk mUgksus ns[kk] ,d Hka;dj flag xkS ij >iV jgk gS vkSj og mlls Hka;Hkhr gksdj fpYyk jgh gSa jktk us rqjar viuk /kuq"k mBk;k vkSj ml ij ck.k dk la/kku djds mls flag ij NksM+ fn;kA

ijUrq flag ij jktk ds ck.k dk dqN Hkh vlj ugha gqvk A mUgksaus ftrus ck.k flag ij NksMs] os lc&ds&lc [kkyh x;sA tc jktk us ns[kk fd vkSj fdlh mik; ls xkS dh j{kk gksuh dfBu gS ]rc os Lo;a tkdj flag ds lkeus iM+ x;s vkSj mlls dgus yxs dh ̂rw bl xk;

dqN pyrk gS rFkk gekjs 'kjhj dk iks"k.k gksrk gSA xk; vkSj cSyksa ds fcuk gekjk thou gh dfBu gks tk;sxkA ,slh n'kk esa izR;sd Hkkjroklh dk ;g dRkZO; gks tkrk gS fd og xkSvksa dh j{kk ds fy;s ru&eu vksj /ku ls Hkh dfVc) gks tk;A izR;sd Hkkjrh; x`gLFk dks pkfg;s fd og d"V lgdj Hkh de&ls&de ,d xkS vius ?kj esa vo'; j[ksA ftl le; Hkkjr esa xkSvksa dh vf/kdrk Fkh] ml le; gekjk ;g Hkkjro"kZ lq[k&le`f) ls iw.kZ FkkA ;gk¡ nw/k&ngh dh ufn;k¡ lh cgrh FkhaA ftl eD[ku vksj ?kh ds vkt ge yksxksa dks n'kZu nqyZHk gks jgs gSa] mls Hkxoku~ Jh d`".k rks ckY;koLFkk esa canjksa dks Hkh yqVkrs FksA vdsys uUnckck ds ;gk¡ uks yk[k xk;sa Fkha vksj ,d&,d jktk yk[k&yk[k xk;ksa dknku dj nsrs FksA vkt gekjs xks&/kudk tks Hk;adj âkl n`f"Vxkspj gks jgk gS] og gekjs gh izekn dk nq"ifj.kke gSA gesa pkfg;sa fd vc Hkh psrs vkSj bl yqVrs gq, /ku dks cpkus dh ps"Vk djsaA

izkphu le; esa yksx xkS&j{kk ds fy, cM+s&cM+s d"V lgus ds fy;s rS;kj jgrs Fks] xkS ds izk.k cpkus ds fy;s vius izk.kksa dh Hkh vkgqfr nsus esa ugha fgpdrs FksaA egkjkt fnyhi dh xkS&HkfDr vkSj vtqZu xks&j{kk ozr blds ToyUr mnkgj.k gSA jktk fnyhi pØorhZ lezkV FksA xq: of'k"B dh vkKk ls mUgksus mudh xkS ufUnuh dh lsok dk Hkkj vius Åij ys fy;kA brus cM+s lezkV gksus ij Hkh mUgs xks&lsok djus esa yTtk ugha vk;h A os Lo;a mls pjkus ds fy;s taxy esa ys tkrs vkSj b"Vnsoh dh Hkkafr mldh lsok esa fpfUrr jgrsA os mlds cSBus ij cSBrs] [kMs+ gksus ij Lo;a [kMs+ gks tkrs] mlds HkjisV pj ysus ij gh Lo;a viuh Hkw[k 'kkUr djrs vkSj mldks ty fiykdj gh Lo;a ty xzg.k djrsA ,d fnu ufUnuh gjh Hkjh ?kklks ls lq'kksfHkr fgeky; dh dUnk esa izos'k dj x;hA ml le; mlds ân; esa rfud Hkh Hk; ugha FkkA jktk fnyhi fgeky; ds lqUnj f'k[kj dh 'kksHkk fugkj jgs FksA brus esa gh ,d flag us vkdj ufUnuh dks cyiwoZd /kj nck;kA jktk dks flag ds vkus dh vkgV rd ugha ekywe gqbZA flag ds paxqy esa Q¡ldj ufUnuh us n;uh; Loj esa cM+s tksj ls phRdkj fd;kA jktk us lglk ioZr dh vksj ls n`f"V gVkdj xkS ds fpYykus dk dkj.k tkuuk pkgk mUgksus ns[kk] ,d Hka;dj flag xkS ij >iV jgk gS vkSj og mlls Hka;Hkhr gksdj fpYyk jgh gSa jktk us rqjar viuk /kuq"k mBk;k vkSj ml ij ck.k dk la/kku djds mls flag ij NksM+ fn;kA

ijUrq flag ij jktk ds ck.k dk dqN Hkh vlj ugha gqvk A mUgksaus ftrus ck.k flag ij NksMs] os lc&ds&lc [kkyh x;sA tc jktk us ns[kk fd vkSj fdlh mik; ls xkS dh j{kk gksuh dfBu gS ]rc os Lo;a tkdj flag ds lkeus iM+ x;s vkSj mlls dgus yxs dh ̂rw bl xk;

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dks NksM+ ns vkSj blds cnys esa esjs ekal ls viuh Hkw[k 'kkUr dj ysA og flag vkSj dksbZ ugh Fkk] ufUnuh dh ek;k FkhA jktk dh ijh{kk ds fy;s gh mlus ;g ek;k jph FkhA jktk ds bl vuqie R;kx dks ns[kdj ufUnuh izlUu gks x;hA FkksM+h nsj ds ckn jktk us ns[kk dh dgha dqN ugha gS] vdsyh UkfUnuh ekSt ls ?kkl pj jgh gSA

ftu fnuksa ge Hkkjroklh xkS&ekrk ds fy;s bl izdkj izk.k nsus vkSj ?kksj&ls&?kksj d"B mBkus ds fy;s rS;kj jgrs Fksa] mUgh fnuksa ge vius dks lPPkk xksj{kd dg ldrs FksA vktdy rks ge yksx xks&j{kk dk [kkyh ne Hkjrs gSA

xks&j{kk ds fy;s ;g vko';d gS fd ge yksx xkSvksa ds izfr vius drZO; dks le>sa muds fy;s pkjk lqxerk ls fey lds&blds fy;s vf/kd&ls&vf/kd xkspjHkwfe NqM+okus dk Ikz;Ru djsa xkS,sa cNM+s dlkbZ;ksa ds gkFkksa esa rFkk cwpM[kkuksa esa u tkus ik;sa&blds fy;s izk.ki.k ls ps"Vk djsa xkSvksa ds ikyu&iks"k.k rFkk vkjke dk vf/kd&ls&vf/kd /;ku j[ks] cw<+h RkFkk BkB+ xk;ksa dh RkFkk cNM+ksa dh j{kk dk Hkh leqfpr izcU/k djsaa ,oa xkSvksa dh uLy lq/kkj ds fy, vPNs&vPNs lkaMksa dh O;oLFkk djsaA

bu lc dkeksa ds fy;s iq"dy nzO; ds lkFk&lkFk mRlkg ,oa yxu dh vko';drk gSA /ku dh lgk;rk gekjs /kuh Hkkb;ksa dks fo'ks"k :Ik ls djuh pkfg;sA oS';ksa ds fy, rks xks&j{kk ,d eq[; O;olk; vkSj /keZ ekuk x;k gSA Hkxoku~ us Hkh xhrk esa dgk gS%&

d`f"kxkSj{;okf.kT;a oS'odeZ LoHkkote~A^[ksrh] xks&ikyu rFkk O;kikj & ;s oS'; ds LokHkkfod /keZ gSA*

dky ds ifjorZu ls [ksrh vkSj xks&ikyu &bu nks deksZ dks OkS';&tkfr us ,d izdkj ls NksM+ gh j[kk gS] O;kikj gh mudh thfodk dk iz/kku lk/ku jg x;k gSA /kkfeZd n`f"V ls gekjs oS'; Hkkb;ksa dks pkfg;s fd O;kikj dh Hkkafr os bu nks O;olk;ksa dks Hkh viuk;s] ftlls budh Hkh mUufr gksA gekjs uxjksa esa yksxkssa dks 'kq} nw/k vkfn XkO; inkFkZ lqxerk ls fey ldsa] blds fy;s Msjh QkeksZ dk c`gn~:Ik esa vk;kstu djsaA /kkfeZd n`f"V ds lkFk&lkFk O;olk; dh n`f"V ls Hkh tc ge xks&ikyu ds dk;sZ dks gkFk esa ysaxsa] rHkh xkSvksa dh j{kk vkSj o`f} lEHko gSA xks/ku rks gekjh iz/kku lEifr jgh gSA iwoZdky esa /kuokuksa dh gSfl;r xkSvks dh la[;k ls gh vkadh tkrh FkhA ftlds ikl ftruh vf/kd xkS,W gksrh Fkha] og mruk gh lEiUu ekuk tkrk FkkA gekjs ;gka Hkwfe vkSj xkS&;s nks gh mRiknu ds iz/kku lk/ku ekus x;s gSA Hkwfe vkSj xkSdk ijLij cM+k /kfUk"B lac/k Hkh gSA xkSvksa dk ikyu&iks"k.k fcuk Hkwfe ds ugha gks ldrk A xkspj&Hkwfe;ksa dh

dks NksM+ ns vkSj blds cnys esa esjs ekal ls viuh Hkw[k 'kkUr dj ysA og flag vkSj dksbZ ugh Fkk] ufUnuh dh ek;k FkhA jktk dh ijh{kk ds fy;s gh mlus ;g ek;k jph FkhA jktk ds bl vuqie R;kx dks ns[kdj ufUnuh izlUu gks x;hA FkksM+h nsj ds ckn jktk us ns[kk dh dgha dqN ugha gS] vdsyh UkfUnuh ekSt ls ?kkl pj jgh gSA

ftu fnuksa ge Hkkjroklh xkS&ekrk ds fy;s bl izdkj izk.k nsus vkSj ?kksj&ls&?kksj d"B mBkus ds fy;s rS;kj jgrs Fksa] mUgh fnuksa ge vius dks lPPkk xksj{kd dg ldrs FksA vktdy rks ge yksx xks&j{kk dk [kkyh ne Hkjrs gSA

xks&j{kk ds fy;s ;g vko';d gS fd ge yksx xkSvksa ds izfr vius drZO; dks le>sa muds fy;s pkjk lqxerk ls fey lds&blds fy;s vf/kd&ls&vf/kd xkspjHkwfe NqM+okus dk Ikz;Ru djsa xkS,sa cNM+s dlkbZ;ksa ds gkFkksa esa rFkk cwpM[kkuksa esa u tkus ik;sa&blds fy;s izk.ki.k ls ps"Vk djsa xkSvksa ds ikyu&iks"k.k rFkk vkjke dk vf/kd&ls&vf/kd /;ku j[ks] cw<+h RkFkk BkB+ xk;ksa dh RkFkk cNM+ksa dh j{kk dk Hkh leqfpr izcU/k djsaa ,oa xkSvksa dh uLy lq/kkj ds fy, vPNs&vPNs lkaMksa dh O;oLFkk djsaA

bu lc dkeksa ds fy;s iq"dy nzO; ds lkFk&lkFk mRlkg ,oa yxu dh vko';drk gSA /ku dh lgk;rk gekjs /kuh Hkkb;ksa dks fo'ks"k :Ik ls djuh pkfg;sA oS';ksa ds fy, rks xks&j{kk ,d eq[; O;olk; vkSj /keZ ekuk x;k gSA Hkxoku~ us Hkh xhrk esa dgk gS%&

d`f"kxkSj{;okf.kT;a oS'odeZ LoHkkote~A^[ksrh] xks&ikyu rFkk O;kikj & ;s oS'; ds LokHkkfod /keZ gSA*

dky ds ifjorZu ls [ksrh vkSj xks&ikyu &bu nks deksZ dks OkS';&tkfr us ,d izdkj ls NksM+ gh j[kk gS] O;kikj gh mudh thfodk dk iz/kku lk/ku jg x;k gSA /kkfeZd n`f"V ls gekjs oS'; Hkkb;ksa dks pkfg;s fd O;kikj dh Hkkafr os bu nks O;olk;ksa dks Hkh viuk;s] ftlls budh Hkh mUufr gksA gekjs uxjksa esa yksxkssa dks 'kq} nw/k vkfn XkO; inkFkZ lqxerk ls fey ldsa] blds fy;s Msjh QkeksZ dk c`gn~:Ik esa vk;kstu djsaA /kkfeZd n`f"V ds lkFk&lkFk O;olk; dh n`f"V ls Hkh tc ge xks&ikyu ds dk;sZ dks gkFk esa ysaxsa] rHkh xkSvksa dh j{kk vkSj o`f} lEHko gSA xks/ku rks gekjh iz/kku lEifr jgh gSA iwoZdky esa /kuokuksa dh gSfl;r xkSvks dh la[;k ls gh vkadh tkrh FkhA ftlds ikl ftruh vf/kd xkS,W gksrh Fkha] og mruk gh lEiUu ekuk tkrk FkkA gekjs ;gka Hkwfe vkSj xkS&;s nks gh mRiknu ds iz/kku lk/ku ekus x;s gSA Hkwfe vkSj xkSdk ijLij cM+k /kfUk"B lac/k Hkh gSA xkSvksa dk ikyu&iks"k.k fcuk Hkwfe ds ugha gks ldrk A xkspj&Hkwfe;ksa dh

deh bl le; xks&tkfr ds ºklz dk ,d iz/kku dkj.k cu jgh gSA blh izdkj xkSvksa dh lgk;rk ds fcuk Hkwfe mitkÅ ugh gks ldrhA vk/kqfud foKku ds ;qx esa Hkh xkscj ds leku vkSj fdlh [kkn dk vkfo"dkj vc rd ugh gks ldk gSA Hkwfe dks tksrus rFkk cjkcj djus ds fy;s Hkh cSy gh vf/kd mi;ksx esa vkrs gSaA laLd`r esa Hkwfedk ,d uke ̂xkS* Hkh gS% D;ksafd i`Foh tc&tc vR;kpkjksa ds Hkkj ls ihfM+r gksrh gS] rc&rc og xkSdk :Ik /kkj.k dj czákth ds lkeus viuk nq[kM+k jksrh gSa bl izdkj [ksrh vkSj xks&ikyu dk ijLij vfoPNsn laca/k gS vkSj ,d dks nwljs dh lgk;rk dh cgqr vf/kd vko';drk gSA oS'; Hkkb;ksa ls izkFkZuk gS fd os bu nksuksa O;olk;ksa dks Hkh vius gkFk esa ysdj pysaA lkjka'k ;g gS fd orZeku le; yksd&lsok ds fy, vR;Ur mi;ksxh gSA gekjs /kfud&lekt dks pkfg;s fd bl lqugjs volj ls ykHk mBkdj viuh lEifr dk lsok ds dk;ksZ esa vf/kd ls vf/kd mi;ksx djsA /ku dh lkFkZdrk blh esa gS fd mldk turk &tuknZu dh lsok esa mi;ksx fd;k tk;sa ;g ekSdk ;fn gkFk ls pyk x;k rks fQj flok iN+rkus ds vkSj dqN Hkh gkFk ugha yxsxkA /ku ds lkFk&lkFk thou dk Hkh dksbZ Hkjkslk ugha gS A vkt gS vkSj dy ughaA vkt ;fn ge py cls rks fQj ;g /ku gekjs fdl dke vk;sxkA blfy;s thou jgrs bls lRdk;ksZ esa yxk nsuk pkfg;sA dgrs gSa&^rqjar nku egkdY;k.kA* ;gh ckr lHkh mre dk;ksZ ds laca/k esa ykxw le>uh pkfg;sA fdlh Hkh vPNs dke dks dy ds fy;s ugha NksM+uk pkfg;s] rqjar dj gh Mkyuk pkfg;sA

deh bl le; xks&tkfr ds ºklz dk ,d iz/kku dkj.k cu jgh gSA blh izdkj xkSvksa dh lgk;rk ds fcuk Hkwfe mitkÅ ugh gks ldrhA vk/kqfud foKku ds ;qx esa Hkh xkscj ds leku vkSj fdlh [kkn dk vkfo"dkj vc rd ugh gks ldk gSA Hkwfe dks tksrus rFkk cjkcj djus ds fy;s Hkh cSy gh vf/kd mi;ksx esa vkrs gSaA laLd`r esa Hkwfedk ,d uke ̂xkS* Hkh gS% D;ksafd i`Foh tc&tc vR;kpkjksa ds Hkkj ls ihfM+r gksrh gS] rc&rc og xkSdk :Ik /kkj.k dj czákth ds lkeus viuk nq[kM+k jksrh gSa bl izdkj [ksrh vkSj xks&ikyu dk ijLij vfoPNsn laca/k gS vkSj ,d dks nwljs dh lgk;rk dh cgqr vf/kd vko';drk gSA oS'; Hkkb;ksa ls izkFkZuk gS fd os bu nksuksa O;olk;ksa dks Hkh vius gkFk esa ysdj pysaA lkjka'k ;g gS fd orZeku le; yksd&lsok ds fy, vR;Ur mi;ksxh gSA gekjs /kfud&lekt dks pkfg;s fd bl lqugjs volj ls ykHk mBkdj viuh lEifr dk lsok ds dk;ksZ esa vf/kd ls vf/kd mi;ksx djsA /ku dh lkFkZdrk blh esa gS fd mldk turk &tuknZu dh lsok esa mi;ksx fd;k tk;sa ;g ekSdk ;fn gkFk ls pyk x;k rks fQj flok iN+rkus ds vkSj dqN Hkh gkFk ugha yxsxkA /ku ds lkFk&lkFk thou dk Hkh dksbZ Hkjkslk ugha gS A vkt gS vkSj dy ughaA vkt ;fn ge py cls rks fQj ;g /ku gekjs fdl dke vk;sxkA blfy;s thou jgrs bls lRdk;ksZ esa yxk nsuk pkfg;sA dgrs gSa&^rqjar nku egkdY;k.kA* ;gh ckr lHkh mre dk;ksZ ds laca/k esa ykxw le>uh pkfg;sA fdlh Hkh vPNs dke dks dy ds fy;s ugha NksM+uk pkfg;s] rqjar dj gh Mkyuk pkfg;sA

15 16

ns'kh xk; dk nw/k %&ns'kh xk; dk nw/k Lokfn"V] :fpdj] fLuX/k] cydkjd] vfriF;] dkafrizn] cqf)] izKk] es/kk dQ] rqf"V] iqf"V oh;Z vkSj vkst dks c<+kus okyk] vk;q dks n`<+ djus okyk] ân;] jlk;u] xq#] iq#"kRo iznku djus okyk] ns'kh xk; dk nw/k larqfyr :i ls 'kjhj dk fodkl djrk gS Ans'kh xk; dk ?kh %& vk;qo)Zd] 'kqØo/kZd] jl vkSj ikd esa Lokfn"V] tBjkfXu dks iznhIr djus okyk] fLuX/k] lqxfU/kr] :fpdj] us=ksa dh T;ksfr c<+kus okyk] dkafrdkjd] o`"; vkSj es?kk] yko.;] Lojdkjd] ân;] rst vkSj cy nsus okyk gksrk gSA ckydksa] o`)ksa rFkk detksjksa ds fy;s Bksl] 'kL={kr] okr] fir] dQ] ne] fo"k vkfn nks"kksa dk uk'k djrk gSAns'kh xk; dk ngh %& Lokfn"V] cyo/kZd] :fpdj] rstLoh] nhiu] ikSf"Vd] ehBk] xzkã v'kZ dk uk'k djus okyk gSA Mk;fcVht ¼e/kqesg½ ds jksxh }kjk fu;fer :i ls ns'kh xk; ds nw/k dk cuk rktk ngh 100 xzke lsou djus ls 'kjhj esa LQwfrZ jgsxh A blls ;g jksx iw.kZr;k feV tkrk gSAns'kh xk; dh NkN %& tBjkfXu dks iznhIr djus okyh vkSj f=nks"k rFkk v'kadk uk'k djus okyh gksrh gSA lk/kkj.k NkN Lokfn"V] xzkgh] [kV~Vh] rq'kZ] y?kq] xje] ikd ds le; e/kqj] rh[kh] :[kh] cyizn] r`fIrdj] ân; dks cy iznku djus okyh] :fpdj vkSj 'kjhj dks d`'k cukus okyh gksrh gSA

1- nw/k fpfdRlk % fo'oHkj esa xks nw/k ds leku ikSf"Vd vU; dksbZ vkgkj ugha gS( fo'ks"kr% xHkZorh efgykvksa] f'k'kqvksa rFkk cq<+ksa ds fy;s( blhfy;s bls ve`r dgk x;k gSA ;g iw.kZ vkgkj gSA ekuo ds 'kjhj] eu&cqf) rFkk vk/;kRe dh 'kfDr c<+kus okyk eka ds nw/k ds i'pkr xks nw/k dk gh LFkku gS A 1- ftxj ds jksx % dqN er [kkbZ;s dsoy xks nw/k ihrs jgsa] 'kgn dk th Hkj ds iz;ksx djsaA ftxj frYyh xqnsZ vkfn lE;d dke djus yxsaxsA 2- ilyh pyuk % blesa cPps dk ne ?kqVrk gS] vk¡[ksa ckgj fudy vkrh gS( tkuysok Hkh gks ldrk gS A nks pEep xquxqus nw/k esa vk/kk pEep ?kh vkSj ,d pEep 'kgn feykdj cPps dks pVkuk 'kq: dj nsaA xys vkSj Nkrh dh lQkbZ gksrs gh cPpk lq[k dh lk¡l ysus yxsxk A xk; dk xquxquk ?kh cPps dh Nkrh vkSj xys ij Hkh eysaA blls dQ fi?kydj gV tk;sxh 'okl uyh lgt gks tk;sxh A

iapxO;iapxO; 3- risfnd % fo[;kr if'peh MkWDVjksa us iz;ksxksa ds mijkUr izekf.kr dj fn;k fd xks nw/k ls Vh-ch- dk Hkh lE;d bykt fd;k tk ldrk gSA ipkl xzke feJh nl xzke ihiyh ihldj 250 xzke xks nw/k esa vkSVkdj dk<+k cuk;sa iqu% 10&15 xzke xks ?k`r esa 20 xzke e/kq ysdj bruk QsVsa fd >kx vk tk;sA bls pwlrs jgsa A QsaQM+ksa esa Nsn Hkh gksaxs rks 'kuS% 'kuS% Hkjus yxsaxs A 4- /krwjs dk fo"k % xks nw/k esa xks ?k`r feykdj fiykrs jgsa A xks ?k`r tSlk fo"kuk'kd ve`r 'kk;n gh dksbZ nwljk gks A5- udlhj % ,d di mcys nw/k esa iqjkus ls iqjkuk xks ?k`r Mkysa vkSj dqN iy ulokj dh rjg lw¡?ksaA ;gh nw/k feJh ?kksydj fi;sa A udlhj ugha cgsxh A ;fn ,d ewyh [kkyh isV [kkrs jgs vkSj nw/k esa xktj dk jl ihrs jgs rks udlhj pyus dh fLFkfr gh ugha vk;sxh A 6- isV ds dhM+s % dM+oh dlSyh nok,¡ [kkus ds ctk; xks nw/k esa e/kq feykdj ihuk 'kq# dj nsaA blls /khjs&/khjs iqjkus dhM+s ej tk;saxs] u;s mRiUu ugha gksaxs A 7- eq¡g ds Nkys % Nkys pkgs xehZ ls gks ;k xje [kkus ls] xeZ ihus ls( xks nw/k dh eykbZ ;k ?kh ysi nsus ls Nkys cSB tk;saxs vkSj tyu 'kkUr gks tk;sxh A 8- psgjs dh >kbZ;ka % ,d di ikuh esa 2 pEep nw/k Mkydj fuR; psgjs ij ey fy;k djsa A eq¡g ls >kbZ;ka] Nk;k gV tk;sxh vkSj psgjk lkQ gks tk;sxk A 9- uklwj % ;g gM~Mh rd igqap tkus okyk QksM+k gS( ftlls nqxZfU/kr eokn cgrk gS A iqjkus xks ?k`r ls ;g 'kh?kz Hkjdj lw[k tkrk gS A igys uhe i=ksa ds dk<+s ls QksM+k lkQ djsa A i'pkr diM+s dh cÙkh cuk] xks ?k`r esa rj djds uklwj esa Mky nsaA fnu esa 2&2 ckj cÙkh cny nsaA Ms<+&nks ekg esa oz.k dh tM+sa lq[k tk;sxh vkSj ?kko Hkjus yxsxk A nw/k esa ?kh Mkydj fiykrs Hkh jgsa rkfd 'kjhj fufoZ"k jgs A10-tqdke %& nwf"kr ikuh ukd ls cgus nsa vkSj nw/k esa 'kgn feykdj ihrs jgsaA Hkkstu lknk djsaA11-fMIFkhfj;k %& vke cksyh esa bls gCck&MCck Hkh dgk tkrk gSA cPpksa dk ;g jksx tkuysok gksrk gSA 2 pEep nw/k esa vk/kk pEep ?kh vkSj ,d pEep 'kgn feykdj cPps dks pVkuk 'kq# dj nsaA xk; dk ?kh vkSj 'kgn feykdj xys ij Hkh eysa A12- FkdkoV %& xk<s nw/k esa eykbZ Mkydj ihus ls fdruh Hkh FkdkoV gks nwj gks tk;sxh A

xk; ls fpfdRlk (Cow Therapy)xk; ls fpfdRlk (Cow Therapy)

17 18

xks&nw/k ve`rrqY; gSA blesa 87-1 izfr'kr ty rFkk 12-9 izfr'kr ?kuinkFkZ gSA ,-Mh-bZ-ch vkSj lh thoulR; gSA blds vykok izksfVvkst] ySDvksE;qflu vkSj e|nzkod izksVhu Hkh va'kr% ik;s tkrs gSaA nw/k esa izksVhujfgr ukbVªkstu okys inkFkZ ¼ySDVksØkse] fØ,Vhu] ;wfj;k] fFk;kslofud ,flM] vksjksfVd ,flM] gkbiksDlsUFkhu] tSUFkhu] vkSj ;wfjd ,flM] dksfyu VªkbesfFkysfeu] VªkbesfFkysfeu vkWDlkbZM] esfFky XosfufMu vkSj veksfu;k {kkj½ ik;s tkrs gSaA vkSj QkWLQksjlokys inkFkZ ¼Ýh QkLQsV] QkLQsV dslhu ds lkFk feyk gqvk] ysflfFku vkSj flQsfyu] Mkbfeuks eksuksQkLQksVkbM rFkk rhu vEy nzkod lsfUn; QkLQjl ;ksfxd½ ik;s tkrs gSaA nw/k rRoksa dh [kkl fo'ks"krk ;g gS fd os gekjs Hkkstu ds vU; inkFkZ&vkVk] pkoy] vkyw] Qy&Qwy] 'kkd vkfn ds nks"k dks u"V djus esa] bu inkFkksZa dks mPprj :i esa iyVusl esa] bUgsa lqikP; cukus esa lgk;rk djrk gSAnw/k esa de ls de 50 inkFkZ lok lkS&Ms<+ lkS #iksa esa jgrs gSaA bruk loZxq.klEiUu vkSj lc izdkj ls ifjiw.kZ ikSf"Vd vkSj lkFk gh cqf) esa lkfRodrk mRiUu djus okyk cgqr lLrk vkgkj gSA

xkS dk /kkjks".k nqX/k cydkjd] y?kq] 'khr] ve`r ds leku] vfXunhid] f=nks"k'kked gksrk gSA izkr%dky fi;k gqvk nw/k o`/;] c`g.k rFkk vfXunhid gksrk gSa] nksigj esa fi;k gqvk nw/k cyo/kZd] dQuk'kd] firuk'kd gksrk gS vkSj jkf= esa fi;k gqvk nw/k ckyd ds 'kjhj dks c<+krk gSA blfy, nw/k izfrfnu ihuk pkfg,A

vk;qosZn esa nw/k dks ̂ loksZ"k/khlkj* dgk x;k gS vFkkZr~ lHkh vkS"k/kh;ksa dk lkj ¼lr~½ gS nw/kAxk; dk nw/k laiw.kZ [kk| inkFkZ gS] blesa 85 izfr'kr izksVhugksrk gS] nw/k esa ekStwn olk ¼QsV½ loZJs"B inkFkZ gSA xk; ds nw/k ds d.k lw{e vkSj lqikP; gksrs gSaA vr% og efLr"d dks 'kfDr iznku djrs gSaA xk; ds nw/k esa dsjksVhu ¼foVkfeu&,½ uke dk ihyk inkFkZ jgrk gS tks vk¡[kksa dh T;ksfr c<+krk gSA pjd lw= LFkku 1@18 ds vuqlkj xk; dk nw/k thou 'kfDr iznku djus okys nzO;ksa esa loZJs"B gSA xk; ds nw/k esa vkB izfr'kr izksVhu] 8 izfr'kr dkcksZgkbMsªV vkSj 0-7 izfr'kr feujYl ¼100 vkbZ-;w-½] foVkfeu , vkSjfoVkfeu ch] lh- Mh ,oa bZ gksrk gSA fu?k.Vq ds vuqlkj xk; dk nw/k jlk;u] iF;] cyo/kZd] ân; ds fy, fgrdkjh] cqf)o/kZd] vk;qizn] iqalRodkdj rFkk f=nks"k ¼okr] fiÙk] dQ½ uk'kd gSA

xk; dk nw/k Je ls mRiUu Fkdku dk uk'k djus okyk ve`re; jl gSA xk; dk nw/k ̂ vk;qo)Zd* vFkkZr~ vk;q c<+kus okykxk; dk nw/k ̂ vf{k&T;ksfr* vka[kksa dh jks'kuh c<+kus okykxk; dk nw/k ̂ e/;* efLr"d dh es?kk 'kfDr c<+kus okykxk; dk nw/k ̂ â|* ân; dks cy iznku djus okykxk; dk nw/k ̂ oh;Zoku* vFkkZr~ oh;Z esa o`f) djus okyk xk; dk nw/k ̂ cY;* vFkkZr~ cy iznku djus okykxk; dk nw/k ̂ jlksÙke* vFkkZr~ leLr jlksa esa Js"B gSA

xksew= ekuo tkfr rFkk ouLifr txr dks izkIr gksus okyk nqyZHk vuqnku gSA ;g /keZ }kjk vuqeksfnr izkd`frd lgt miyC/k] gkfu jfgr] dY;k.kdkjh ,oa LokLF; j{kd jlk;u gSA fujksx O;fDr ds LokLF; j{k.k rFkk jksxh ds jksx 'keu gsrq vk;qosZn esa xksew= dks nsoh; vkS"k/kh ekuk x;k gSA

vk/kqfud n`f"V ls xksew= esa iksVkf'k;e] dSfY'k;e DyksjkbZM] ;wfj;k] QkLQsV] veksfu;k] fØ,Vhuhu vkfn fHkUu&fHkUu iks"kd {kkj fo|eku jgrs gSaA ftlds dkj.k blesa vkS"k/kh; xq.kksa dh Hkjekj gSA ijUrq bruk lqyHk vkSj lLrk gksrs gq, Hkh tkudkjh ds vHkko esa ge mls vkS"k/kh ekurs gh ugha gSaA mnj ds jksxksa ds fy;s rks xks ew= jkeck.k gS A

nw/k ds xq.k

xksew=

xks&nw/k (Cow Milk) dk tknw

19 20

xksew= lsou fof/k % jksx fuokj.k gsrq fofHkUu fof/k;ksa }kjk xksew= dk lsou fd;k tkrk gSA buesa iku djuk] ekfy'k gsrq 2&7 fnu iqjkuk xks ew= Js"B gSA cPpksa dks 5 xzke vkSj cM+ksa dks 10&30 xzke ek=k esa fnu esa nks ckj ysuk pkfg;s A blds lsou dky esa fepZ&elkys] Hkkjh Hkkstu] rEckdq vkfn lHkh eknd inkFkksZa dk R;kx vko';d gS A /kwyk gqvk lQsn lwrh diM+k ysdj 4&8 rgs cukdj mlls xks ew= Nkudj fQj iz;ksx djsa A xks ew= lsou esa lko/kkfu;ka % xksew= lsou esa fuEu ckrksa dk fo'ks"k /;ku j[kuk pkfg, %&1- xk; ns'kh gh gks A 2- xk; ;fn izfrfnu taxy esa pjus tkrh gks rks loksZÙke gS A 3- xk; fcuk C;kbZ gks rks vf/kd vPNk gS A 4- xk; xHkZorh u gks] jksxh u gksA5- ;fn 1 o"kZ ls de vk;q dh cfN;k gks rks lcls vPNh gSA ns'kh xk; ls vFkZ Hkkjrh; uLy dh xk;ksa ls gS A tks xq.k nslh xk;ksa ds ew= rFkk xkscj esa gksrs gSaA os xq.k fons'kh xk;ksa o 'kadj ¼vesfjdu½ uLy dh xk;ksa esa ugha gksrs gSa A blds ihNs rF; ;g gS fd fons'kh ;k ladj xk;sa cgqr vf/kd nw/k nsrh gS] mUgsa nkuk vf/kd fn;k tkrk gS] vf/kd nkuk nsus ds dkj.k muds ew= rFkk xkscj esa ,sls vkS"k/kh; xq.k ugha gksrs tSls nslh uLyksa esa gksrs gSa A taxy esa pjus okyh xk; vusd izdkj ds ?kkl rFkk cwafV;ka [kkrh gS A

vr% mlds ew=&xkscj esa vusd vkS"k/kh; xq.k vk tkrs gSa A xHkZorh xk; ds ew= esa vusd gkeksZuksa dk L=ko gksrk gSA tks vf/kd xq.kdkjh ugha gksrk] jksxh xk; ds ew= esa jksxk.kqvksa dh la[;k rFkk v/kZips inkFkksZa dh ek=k c<+ tkrh gS ftlls og xksew= vf/kd xq.kdkjh ugha jg tkrk gSA blfy;s fcuk C;kbZ cNM+h dk ew= loksZÙke ekuk tkrk gS A

O;kf/k;ksa ds fouk'k ds fy;s xksew= dk iz;ksx fuEu jksxksa esa fo'ks"k ykHkdkjh gS %& 1- isV dh xSl] isV Qwyuk] dCt] [kV~Vh Mdkj vkfn ij %&Hkkjh Hkkstu] cklh Hkkstu] vf/kd elkys nkj] ryk gqvk Hkkstu rFkk vfrHkkstu djus ij dCt] isV Qwyuk] [kV~Vh Mdkj vkuk vkfn dh leL;k mRiUu gks tk;k djrh gS A rhu rksyk LoPN rktk Nkuk gqvk xksew= esa vk/kk eklk lknk ued feykdj fi;sa A FkksM+s le; mijkUr gh isV lkQ gks tk;sxk A ;fn fdlh cPps dk isV Qwy tk;s rks ,d pEep LoPN xks ew= fiyk nsaA rqjUr vkjke feysxk A ftudks mnj esa xSl vf/kd cuus dh f'kdk;r gS & izkr%dky 50 xzke xksew= esa dkyk ued rFkk fuEcq jl feykdj ihus ls xSl jksx ls dqN fnuksa esa gh NqVdkjk fey tkrk gSA

jksxksa dk fuokj.k

bl jksx esa xks ew= dks idkdj izkIr fd;k x;k {kkj Hkh xq.kdkjh gS A Hkkstu ds izFke xzkl esa vk/kk pEep xksew= {kkj rFkk ,d pEep xks ?k`r feykdj [kkus ls ok;q ugha curh gS A2- iqjkuk tqdke] utyk] 'okl jksx] nek] mPp CyM izs'kj ij % fotkfr; rRoksa ds izfr vlfg".kqrk ¼,ythZ½ ls ckj&ckj tqdke gksrk gS A ukd cguk ckj&ckj Nhad vkuk] uklk cUn gks tkuk] ckn esa cky fxjuk ;k 'kh?kz lQsn gks tkuk vkfn y{k.k Hkh mRiUu gks tkrs gSa A bl voLFkk esa xks ew= dk lsou rFkk uL; ysus ls peRdkfjd ykHk feyrk gS A jksxh dks 50 xzke rktk LoPN xks ew= ysdj mlesa 1@4 pEep QqykbZ gqbZ fQVdjh feykdj lsou djuh pkfg, A nek jksxh dks NksVh cfN;k dk ,d rksyk ew= fu;fer :i ls ihus ij ykHk gksrk gS A mPp jDrpki jksxh dks xks ew= cgqr ykHkdkjh fl) gksrk gS A3- vEyfir ¼,lhfMVh½ % bl jksx esa jksxh ds eqag esa [kV~Vk ikuh Hkjuk] [kV~Vh Mdkj] isV esa tyu] isV nnZ] Nkrh vkSj xys esa tyu] dHkh dHkh mYVh gksuk] Hkw[k u yxuk dbZ ckj Hkw[k lgu u gksuk vkfn y{k.k gksrs gSa A jksxh dks izkr% mBrs gh xk; dk izFke ew= ,d nks ?kw¡V ls vkjEHk dj 10&15 fnu esa 5&6 ?kw¡V rd c<+krs gq, ysuk pkfg;s A vkjEHk ds fnuksa esa 2&3 ckj 'kkSp tkuk iM+ ldrk gSA nl iUnzg fnu esa 'kkSp Lor% gh Bhd gks tk;sxk A nks ekg rd lsou djus ls jksx tM+ ls dV tk;sxk A4- ;d`r o Iyhgk c<+uk % ;d`r ¼ftxj½ dk c<+uk ;k lwtuk rFkk Iyhgk ¼frYyh½ ds jksxksa esa xksew= jkeck.k vkS"k/kh gS A ;d`r] Iyhgk c<+us ij isV c<+ tkrk gS] Hkw[k de yxrh gS] vipu] ,flfMVh] v'kfDr vkfn y{k.k iznf'kZr gksrs gSaA blesa jksxh dks xksew= fuEu <ax ls ysuk pkfg, %& 1- ikap rksyk xks ew= esa ,d pqVdh ued feykdj A 2- iquuZok ds dk<+s esa leku ek=k esa xksew= feykdj A 3- xeZ baV ij xksew= esa diM+k fHkxkdj yisVsa rFkk gYdh gYdh fldkbZ izHkkfor LFkku ij djsa A5- e/kqesg] 'kqxj] Mk;fcfVt % vkt dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ;g jksx lkekU; gks x;k gSA blesa jDr rFkk ew= esa 'kqxj dh ek=k vf/kd gks tkrh gSA 'kwxj jksxh dk jDrpki ¼izs'kj½ vlarqfyr gks tk;k djrk gS rFkk lHkh jksxksa ds fy;s lEHkkouk c<+ tkrh gSA fofHkUu vkS"k/kksa ds iz;ksx ls dHkh&dHkh 'kwxj dh ek=k bruh de gks tkrh gS fd pDdj vkuk rFkk vpsrrk vkfn gksus yxrs gSaA bl jksx okys dks ;fn fcuk C;kbZ xk; dk ew= ,d Ms<+ rksyk nsa rks vR;Ur ykHk gksrk gSA 6- xys dk dSalj % xys dk dSalj gksus ij jksxh dks [kkus esa dfBukbZ gksrh gSA

21 22

xys esa xkaB iM+ tkrh gS A [kkuk u [kk ikus ds dkj.k jksxh v'kDr gks tkrk gS rFkk pyus fQjus esa v{ke jgrk gS A blds rFkk vU; dbZ izdkj ds dSaljksa dh izFke rFkk f}rh; voLFkkvksa ds mipkj ds fy;s nslh xk; dk 100 xzke ew= rFkk lqikjh ds cjkcj xk; dk rktk xkscj nksuksa dks feykdj Nku ysa A izkr% dky fujkgkj lsou djsa A pkj ekg esa iw.kZ vkjke fey tkrk gSA 7- fify;k] ik.Mq jksx % jksxh dh Ropk rFkk vk¡[ks ihyh iM+ tkrh gS] is'kkc dk jax Hkh ihyk gks tkrk gSA Hkw[k u yxuk] dCt jguk] vipu rFkk v'kfDr vkfn y{k.k gks tkrs gSa] blds fy;s xks ew= nks ls <+kbZ lkS xzke 15 fnu rd ihuk pkfg;s A8- tyksnj % bl jksx esa isV esa ikuh Hkj tkus ls 'kjhj Qwy tkrk gSA dHkh&dHkh fgyus Mwyus esa Hkh dfBukbZ gksrh gSA lkal cM+h dfBurk ls vkrk gS A [kkuk fuxyuk dfBu gks tkrk gSA bl jksx esa xks ew= dk lsou ije fgrdkjh gS A ipkl xzke xks ew= esa 2 xzke ;olkj ¼tkS[kkj½ feykdj ihrs jgus ls dqN gh lIrkg esa isV dk ikuh de gks tkrk gSA tyksnj jksxh dks xks nw/k ij gh jguk pkfg;s A 9- eksVkik % eksVkik 'kjhj ds fy;s vfrd"Vnk;d rFkk cgqr ls jksxksa dks vkeaf=r djus okyk fodkj gSA LFkwyrk ls eqfDr ikus gsrq vk/kk Xykl rktk ikuh esa 4 pEep xksew=] 2 pEep e/kq rFkk ,d pEep uhacw dk jl feykdj fuR; ihuk pkfg;s A blls 'kjhj dh vfrfjDr pchZ lekIr gksrh gS rFkk nsg lkSan;Z cuk jgrk gSA 10- isV esa d`fe % bl jksx ds gksus ij vk/kk pEep vtok;u ds pw.kZ ds lkFk pkj pEep xksew= dk ,d lIrkg rd lsou djus ls varfM+;ksa ds lc d`fe ej dj fudy tkrs gSaA cPpksa dks vk;q ds vuqlkj nsa A11- peZ jksx ¼nkn] [kkt] [kqtyh vkfn½ ij % fofHkUu peZ jksxksa ds fuokj.k gsrq xks ew= jkeck.k vkS"kf/k gS A uhe vkSj fxyks; ds DokFk ds lkFk nksuksa le; xks ew= dk lsou djus ls jDrnks"k tfur peZ jksx u"V gksrs gSa A thjs dks lw{e ihldj xksew= ls la;qDr dj ysi djus ls ;k xksew= dh ekfy'k djus ls peM+h dapu rFkk jksx jfgr gks tkrh gS A12- tksM+ksa dh ihM+k ¼lfU/kokr½ % tksM+ksa dk u;k rFkk iqjkuk nnZ cM+k d"Vnk;d gksrk gSA egkjkLukfn DokFk ds lkFk xksew= feykdj ihus ls ;g jksx u"V gksrk gSA lfnZ;ksa esa lksaB ds pw.kZ ls Hkh bldk lsou fd;k tk ldrk gSA osnuk LFkku ij xeZ xksew= dk lsd Hkh djsaA 13- nk¡r dh ihM+k ;k ik;fj;k % nk¡r&nnZ esa xksew= cgqr vPNk dk;Z djrk gSA tc nk¡r nnZ vlguh; gks tk;s rks xks ew= ls dqYyk djsaA blls

vusd'k cM+k peRdkfjd izHkko gksrk gSA xksew= ls izfrfnu dqYyk djus ij ik;fj;k jksx iw.kZr;k lekIr gks tkrk gSA 14- vk¡[k dk /kqa/kykiu] v¡/kjkrk rFkk n`f"V&nqcZyrk % us= jksxksa esa xksew= jkeck.k gSA blds fy;s dkyh cfN;k dk ew= ,d= djds rkacs ds crZu esa xje djsaA pkSFkkbZ Hkkx cpus ij mls fuFkkj dj ikuh vyx dj ysaA uhps tks yo.k cps mUgsa Qsad nsaA mij dk LoPN ikuh fdlh LoPN dk¡p dh 'kh'kh esa Hkj ysaA fu;fer :i ls izkr% lk;a vk¡[k esa MkysaA cgqr FkksM+h lh yxrh gSA ijUrq vk¡[k dh [kqtyh] /kaq/kykiu] jrkSa/kh rFkk nqcZy n`f"V okyksa ds fy;s cgqr vPNh vkS"kf/k fl) gksrh gS A ,d nks ekg esa gh ;k rks p'ek gV tk;sxk ;k mldk uEcj de gks tk;sxk A15-izlo ihM+k % izlo dh ihM+k ds le; 50 xzke xksew= dks xk;=h ea= ls vfHkefU=r djds fiykus ls izlo ihM+k de gksrh gSA rFkk izlo vklkuh ls gks tkrk gSA 16-vU; mi;ksx % xksew= dk mi;ksx iapke`r] iapxO; rFkk "kVHkhao.k esa fd;k tkrk gS A bu lHkh dk vkS"k/kh; egRo gSA izlo ds mijkUr ?kjksa dh 'kqf)dj.k gsrq xksew= dk fNM+dko fd;k tkrk gSA 'e'kku ls vkus ds i'pkr lHkh O;fDr;ksa dk 'kqf)dj.k xaxkty vFkok xksew= fNM+ddj rFkk fiykdj fd;k tkrk gSA blds thok.kquk'kd xq.kksa ds dkj.k ,slh ijEijk,sa gSaA bl izdkj xksew= dk lsou cgqr lh O;kf/k;ksa dk 'keu djrk gSA LoLFk O;fDr dk LokLF; j{k.k djus rFkk jksxksa ls cpus ds fy, bldk lsou fd;k tkrk gSA dgk tkrk gS fd jke ouokl ds le; rFkk Hkjr 14 o"kZ rd blh dkj.k LoLFk jgdj vk/;kfRed mUufr djrs jgs] D;ksafd os vUu ds lkFk xksew= dk lsou djrs Fks A &

^^xksew= ;koda HkqRokHkzkrjaoYyddykEcje~ A**¼Jhen~ Hkkxor 9@20@34½

23 24

1- dCt ds jksxh dks xksew= dbZ ckj Nkudj ysus ls isV lkQ gksus yxrk gSA2- xksew= esa gjM+s Mkydj vkxij j[ksa vkSj tyHkkx dks mM+k gjM+s fudkydj

pw.kZ djsaA bl pw.kZ dks fu;fer ysrs jgus ls isV lkQ jgus yxrk gSA3- [kkalh] nek] tqdke vkfn jksxksa ls xksew= lh/kk gh ysus ls rqjUr di

fudydj jksx 'kkUr gksrk gSA4- isV ds gj jksx esa xksew= ihus ls ykHk gksrk gSA5- 'kjhj dh lwtu esa dsoy nw/k ihdj lkFk esa xksew= dk lsou djus ls lwtu

feV tkrh gSA6- vka[kksa dh tyu] dCt lqLrh vkSj v:fpr vFkkZr ,sflMhVh esa xksew=

'kDdj feykdj ysus ls jksxksa dk fuokj.k gksrk gSA 7- [kkt] Qaqfl;ka] ,fXtek esa xksew=&vkek gYnh feykdj ihuk&vfr

ykHkdkjh gSA8- peM+h jksxksa esa gjrky] ckdqph] ekydaxuh dks xksew= esa jxM+dj nwf"kr

Hkkx ij yxkuk mÙke gSA Qqycgjh ¼lQsn fpUgksa½ ij xksew= esa ckdqph ihl dj ysi djuk vfrykHknk;d gSA

9- dku dh ihM+k esa xksew= dks lqgkrk xje dj 1&2 cwansa Mkyus ls osnuk nwj gksrh gSA

10-gkFkh ikao ¼QkbZysfj;k½ esa izkr%dky [kkyhisV xksew= ysuk cgqr mi;ksxh gSA

11-fjaxoeZ ij ¼nnZ½] /krwjs ds iRrs xksew= esa ihldj mlh esa mckydj xk<+k gksus ij yxkosaA ykHkdkjh gksxkA

12-xksew= flj esa eydj FkksM+h nsj yxkdj j[ksa] lq[kus ij /kks nsa cky lqUnj gksaxs A

13-VkbZQkbZM ls ;k fdlh nokbZ ds [kkus ls fdlh LFkku ds cky mM+ tk;sa rks xksew= esa rEckdw [kwc ihldj Mky nsoasA 10 fnu ckn isLV tSlk cu tkus ij vPNk jxM+dj cky >M+s LFkku ij yxkus ls cky fQj vk tkrs gSaA flj ij Hkh yxk ldrs gSaA

14-'kjhj esa [kkt [kqtyh gks rks xksew= esa uhe ds iRrs ihldj yxkuk pkfg;s A15-xksew= esa iqjkuk xqM+ vkSj gYnh pw.kZ feykdj ihus ls nkn] dq"B vkSj gkFkh

ikao nwj gksrs gSa A 16-isV esa d`fe esa Mhdkekyh dk pw.kZ xksew= ds lkFk ysus ls d`fe fudyus

yxrk gSA

xksew= dk vke jksxksa ij ?kjsyw iz;ksx 17- laf/kokr vkfn tksM+ksa ds jksxksa esa xksew= ds lkFk ,j.M dk rsy ,d ekl rd ihus ls lfU/k;ksa ds jksx rFkk vU; lc okr jksx nwj gksrs gSaA

18-cPpksa ds isV nnZ rFkk isV Qwyuk ij ,d pEep xksew= esa FkksM+k ued feykdj fiykus ls ;s nwj gksrs gSaA

19-cPpksa ds lw[kk jksx ij ,d ekl rd izkr% lk;a xksew= esa dslj feykdj fiyk;saA

xks&nf/k ¼ngh½ m".k] vfXu dks iznhIr djus okyk] fLuX/k] dqN d"kk;] xq# rFkk foikd esa vEy gksrk gSA ew=d`PN] izfr';k;] fo"keToj] vfrlkj] v#fp rFkk d`'krk esa bldk mi;ksx iz'kLr gSA ;g cy ,oa 'kqØ dks c<+krk gSA1- y?kq xaxk/kj pw.kZ %& ukxjeksFkk] bUnztkS] csy dk eTtk ¼xwnk½] yks/kz] ekspjl ,oa /kk; dk Qwy&bu N% nzO;ksa dk pw.kZ cukdj ngh ds lkFk xqM+ feykdj ihus ij lHkh izdkj ds vfrlkj ,oa izokfgdk esa ykHknk;d gSA2- vteksnkfn pw.kZ %&vteksnk] ekspjl] 'kq.Bh] /kk;dk iq"i&bu pkj nzO;ksa dks ihldj pw.kZ cukdj xkS ds ngh esa pw.kZ dks vPNh rjg QsaVdj lsou djus ls og xaxk dh /kkjk ds leku izokfgr vfrlkj dks Hkh jksdus esa leFkZ gSA 3- rØkfj"V %& vtokbu] vkeyk] dkyh fepZ izR;sd 12&12 rksyk] ik¡pksa ued&izR;sd 4 rksyk budk pw.kZ cukdj feV~Vh ds ,d I;kys esa Mkydj mlesa rØ ¼NkN½ 6 lsj 6 NV¡kad 2 rksyk Mky nsa vkSj ik= dk eq[k can dj la/kku ds fufeÙk ,d ekg ds fy, j[k nsaA ckn esa Nkudj izfrfnu Ms<+ rksyk ls <+kbZ rksyk izkr%&lk;a ty feykdj lsou djsaA ;g mÙke nhiu rFkk ikpu djus okyk gS rFkk 'kks/k] xqYe] v'kZ] d`fe] izseg] vfrlkj vkSj mnj&jksx dks u"V djrk gSA

tks Hkksjfga eBk fi;r gS] thjk ued feyk; Acy cqf) rhls c<+r gS] lcS jksx tfj tk; AAvkaoys ds pw.kZ ds lkFk ngh dk lsou djus ls 'kjhj ds lHkh nks"k feV tkrs gSa A ?kh ds lkFk ngh ds lsou ls dQ c<+rk gSA ysfdu okr o fir 'kkar gksrk gSA

xks&nf/k ¼ngh½ m".k] vfXu dks iznhIr djus okyk] fLuX/k] dqN d"kk;] xq# rFkk foikd esa vEy gksrk gSA ew=d`PN] izfr';k;] fo"keToj] vfrlkj] v#fp rFkk d`'krk esa bldk mi;ksx iz'kLr gSA ;g cy ,oa 'kqØ dks c<+krk gSA1- y?kq xaxk/kj pw.kZ %& ukxjeksFkk] bUnztkS] csy dk eTtk ¼xwnk½] yks/kz] ekspjl ,oa /kk; dk Qwy&bu N% nzO;ksa dk pw.kZ cukdj ngh ds lkFk xqM+ feykdj ihus ij lHkh izdkj ds vfrlkj ,oa izokfgdk esa ykHknk;d gSA2- vteksnkfn pw.kZ %&vteksnk] ekspjl] 'kq.Bh] /kk;dk iq"i&bu pkj nzO;ksa dks ihldj pw.kZ cukdj xkS ds ngh esa pw.kZ dks vPNh rjg QsaVdj lsou djus ls og xaxk dh /kkjk ds leku izokfgr vfrlkj dks Hkh jksdus esa leFkZ gSA 3- rØkfj"V %& vtokbu] vkeyk] dkyh fepZ izR;sd 12&12 rksyk] ik¡pksa ued&izR;sd 4 rksyk budk pw.kZ cukdj feV~Vh ds ,d I;kys esa Mkydj mlesa rØ ¼NkN½ 6 lsj 6 NV¡kad 2 rksyk Mky nsa vkSj ik= dk eq[k can dj la/kku ds fufeÙk ,d ekg ds fy, j[k nsaA ckn esa Nkudj izfrfnu Ms<+ rksyk ls <+kbZ rksyk izkr%&lk;a ty feykdj lsou djsaA ;g mÙke nhiu rFkk ikpu djus okyk gS rFkk 'kks/k] xqYe] v'kZ] d`fe] izseg] vfrlkj vkSj mnj&jksx dks u"V djrk gSA

vkaoys ds pw.kZ ds lkFk ngh dk lsou djus ls 'kjhj ds lHkh nks"k feV tkrs gSa A ?kh ds lkFk ngh ds lsou ls dQ c<+rk gSA ysfdu okr o fir 'kkar gksrk gSA

tks Hkksjfga eBk fi;r gS] thjk ued feyk; Acy cqf) rhls c<+r gS] lcS jksx tfj tk; AA

xks&nf/k ¼ngh½ ls jksx fuokj.kxks&nf/k ¼ngh½ ls jksx fuokj.k

xk; ds ngh ds xq.k

25 26

ngh dk lsou o"kkZ] gseUr vkSj f'kf'kj _rqvksa esa ugha djuk pkfg,Afu;fer :i ls ngh dk lsou djus ls 'khr ,oa laØked jksx ugha gksrs gSaA ngh esa ik;k tkus okyk ,flMksfQye dkWyu&dSalj dks jksdus esa enn djrk gSArØ ¼NkN½ dk iku djus okyk O;fDr lksrs ls tkx mBrk gS] nqcys 'kjhj esa fctyh lh mtkZ vk tkrh gS] ikao esa ifg, tSlh pyus dh 'kfDr vk tkrh gSA ngh esa ik;s tkus okys vufxur cSDVksfj;k 'kjhj esa xSLVªh& baVsLVkbuy&fMLvkWMlZ] Mk;fj;k] dCt] bfjVscy ckmy flaMªkse rFkk QwM ikW;tfuax dks ugha gksus nsrs gSaAngh ls gekjs 'kjhj dks Hkjiwj dSfY'k;e] izksVhu] ftax] jkbZcks¶ysfcu rFkk foVkfeu ch&12 feyrk gSA fu;fer :i ls ngh dk lsou djrs jgus ls gekjs 'kjhj dh jksxksa ls yM+us dh {kerk ¼bE;qfufV½ c<+rh gSA eB~Bk cukus dh fof/k % ngh esa fcuk ikuh feyk, vPNh rjg ls eFk dj FkksM+k eD[ku fudkyus ds ckn tks va'k cprk gS mls eB~Bk dgrs gSaA eB~Bk okr ,oa fir nksuksa dk ije 'k=q gSA

rØ ¼xk<+h NkN½ cukus dh fof/k % ngh esa ,d pkSFkkbZ ikuh feykdj vPNh rjg ls eFk dj eD[ku fudkyus ds ckn tks cprk gS mls rØ dgrs gSaA rØ 'kjhj esa tes eSy dks ckgj fudkydj oh;Z cukus dk dke djrk gSA rØ dQ uk'kd gSA

NkN cukus dh fof/k % ngh ls eykbZ fudkydj ikap xquk ikuh feykdj vPNh rjg eFkus ds ckn tks nzO; curk gS mls NkN dgrs gSaA NkN esa lsa/kk ;k dkyk ued feykdj lsou djus ls okr ,oa fir nksuksa nks"k Bhd gksrs gSaA NkN ok;q uk'kd gS vkSj isV dh vfXu dks izfnIr djrk gSA rktk eB~Bk] rØ ;k NkN fny dh /kM+du okys jksfx;ksa ds fy, ve`r gSA NkN dk LoHkko 'khry gksrk gSA

ngh dk lsou o"kkZ] gseUr vkSj f'kf'kj _rqvksa esa ugha djuk pkfg,Afu;fer :i ls ngh dk lsou djus ls 'khr ,oa laØked jksx ugha gksrs gSaA ngh esa ik;k tkus okyk ,flMksfQye dkWyu&dSalj dks jksdus esa enn djrk gSArØ ¼NkN½ dk iku djus okyk O;fDr lksrs ls tkx mBrk gS] nqcys 'kjhj esa fctyh lh mtkZ vk tkrh gS] ikao esa ifg, tSlh pyus dh 'kfDr vk tkrh gSA ngh esa ik;s tkus okys vufxur cSDVksfj;k 'kjhj esa xSLVªh& baVsLVkbuy&fMLvkWMlZ] Mk;fj;k] dCt] bfjVscy ckmy flaMªkse rFkk QwM ikW;tfuax dks ugha gksus nsrs gSaAngh ls gekjs 'kjhj dks Hkjiwj dSfY'k;e] izksVhu] ftax] jkbZcks¶ysfcu rFkk foVkfeu ch&12 feyrk gSA fu;fer :i ls ngh dk lsou djrs jgus ls gekjs 'kjhj dh jksxksa ls yM+us dh {kerk ¼bE;qfufV½ c<+rh gSA

ngh esa fcuk ikuh feyk, vPNh rjg ls eFk dj FkksM+k eD[ku fudkyus ds ckn tks va'k cprk gS mls eB~Bk dgrs gSaA eB~Bk okr ,oa fir nksuksa dk ije 'k=q gSA

ngh esa ,d pkSFkkbZ ikuh feykdj vPNh rjg ls eFk dj eD[ku fudkyus ds ckn tks cprk gS mls rØ dgrs gSaA rØ 'kjhj esa tes eSy dks ckgj fudkydj oh;Z cukus dk dke djrk gSA rØ dQ uk'kd gSA

ngh ls eykbZ fudkydj ikap xquk ikuh feykdj vPNh rjg eFkus ds ckn tks nzO; curk gS mls NkN dgrs gSaA NkN esa lsa/kk ;k dkyk ued feykdj lsou djus ls okr ,oa fir nksuksa nks"k Bhd gksrs gSaA NkN ok;q uk'kd gS vkSj isV dh vfXu dks izfnIr djrk gSA rktk eB~Bk] rØ ;k NkN fny dh /kM+du okys jksfx;ksa ds fy, ve`r gSA NkN dk LoHkko 'khry gksrk gSA

eB~Bk cukus dh fof/k %

rØ ¼xk<+h NkN½ cukus dh fof/k %

NkN cukus dh fof/k %

xkS dk ?k`r fo'ks"k :i ls us= ds fy;s mi;ksxh gSA ;g o`";] vfXunhid] jl ,oa foikd esa e/kqj 'khr rFkk rhuksa nks"kksa dk 'keu djus okyk gSA es/kk] yko.;] dkfUr] vkst rFkk rst dh o`f) djus okyk] vkyL;] iki rFkk Hkwrok/kkuk'kd gSA xq#] cyo/kZd] ifo=] vk;q c<+kus okyk dY;k.kdkjd] jlk;u] mÙke xa/kokyk] ns[kus esa euksgj rFkk lc ?k`rksa esa vf/kd cyoku gSA fgaXokfn ?k`r %& ghax] ljlksa] ckyop] lksaB] ejhp ,oa ihiy 2&2 d"kZ] xks?k`r 1 izLFk rFkk xksew= 4 izLFk feykdj ?k`r fl) djsaA bldk iku] uL; ,oa vH;nz djus ls xzgck/kk ls eqfDr izkIr gksrh gSA

iapxO; ?k`r %& xkscj dk Lojl] xksnqX/k] xkS dk ngh] xksew= rFkk xks?k`r dks feykdj fl) djsaA ;g ?k`r viLekj] Toj] mUekn rFkk dkeuk dks 'kkUr djrk gSA iapdksykfn ?k`r&ihiy] fiiykewy] nzO;] fplk] rFkk lksaB vkSj tks[kkj 1&1 iy] xks?k`r 1 izLFk ¼lsj½ rFkk xksnqX/k ,d lsj eUn vfXu ij idkdj Nku ysaA ;g ?k`r jlokgh L=ksrksa dks 'kq) djrk gS vkSj xqYe&Toj&mnj&jksx] xzg.kh jksx] ihul] 'okl dkl] eUnkfXu] 'kks/k rFkk mn~xkj dks u"V djrk gSA

vFkkZr xkscj esa y{eh dk fuokl gSA vkbZ, oSKkfud vk/kkj ij tkusa fd dSls xkscj esa y{eh fuokl djrh gSA

xk; ds xkscj dk jl 'kjhj ds lq{e fNnzksa dks [kksydj ilhus ds ek/;e ls peZ jksx ds dkj.kksa dks ckgj fudkyrk gSAxk; ds xkscj dk jl izlwfr (Delivery) ds fy, ve`r rqY; gS] blds iz;ksx ls izlqfr lkekU; (Normal) gks tkrh gSA vkSj izlqfr ds fy, vkWijs'ku (Sigerian) dh vko';drk ugha iM+rh gSA xk; ds rkts xkscj ls LFkku fo'ks"k ij ysiu ls Vh-ch- rFkk eysfj;k ds dhVk.kq rRdky ej tkrs gSaA xk; dk xkscj gekjh Ropk ds nkn] ,fDtek vkSj ?kko dks lcls tYnh Bhd djrk gSA

xkS dk ?k`r fo'ks"k :i ls us= ds fy;s mi;ksxh gSA ;g o`";] vfXunhid] jl ,oa foikd esa e/kqj 'khr rFkk rhuksa nks"kksa dk 'keu djus okyk gSA es/kk] yko.;] dkfUr] vkst rFkk rst dh o`f) djus okyk] vkyL;] iki rFkk Hkwrok/kkuk'kd gSA xq#] cyo/kZd] ifo=] vk;q c<+kus okyk dY;k.kdkjd] jlk;u] mÙke xa/kokyk] ns[kus esa euksgj rFkk lc ?k`rksa esa vf/kd cyoku gSA

ghax] ljlksa] ckyop] lksaB] ejhp ,oa ihiy 2&2 d"kZ] xks?k`r 1 izLFk rFkk xksew= 4 izLFk feykdj ?k`r fl) djsaA bldk iku] uL; ,oa vH;nz djus ls xzgck/kk ls eqfDr izkIr gksrh gSA

xkscj dk Lojl] xksnqX/k] xkS dk ngh] xksew= rFkk xks?k`r dks feykdj fl) djsaA ;g ?k`r viLekj] Toj] mUekn rFkk dkeuk dks 'kkUr djrk gSA iapdksykfn ?k`r&ihiy] fiiykewy] nzO;] fplk] rFkk lksaB vkSj tks[kkj 1&1 iy] xks?k`r 1 izLFk ¼lsj½ rFkk xksnqX/k ,d lsj eUn vfXu ij idkdj Nku ysaA ;g ?k`r jlokgh L=ksrksa dks 'kq) djrk gS vkSj xqYe&Toj&mnj&jksx] xzg.kh jksx] ihul] 'okl dkl] eUnkfXu] 'kks/k rFkk mn~xkj dks u"V djrk gSA

vFkkZr xkscj esa y{eh dk fuokl gSA vkbZ, oSKkfud vk/kkj ij tkusa fd dSls xkscj esa y{eh fuokl djrh gSA

xk; ds xkscj dk jl 'kjhj ds lq{e fNnzksa dks [kksydj ilhus ds ek/;e ls peZ jksx ds dkj.kksa dks ckgj fudkyrk gSAxk; ds xkscj dk jl izlwfr ds fy, ve`r rqY; gS] blds iz;ksx ls izlqfr lkekU; gks tkrh gSA vkSj izlqfr ds fy, vkWijs'ku dh vko';drk ugha iM+rh gSA xk; ds rkts xkscj ls LFkku fo'ks"k ij ysiu ls Vh-ch- rFkk eysfj;k ds dhVk.kq rRdky ej tkrs gSaA xk; dk xkscj gekjh Ropk ds nkn] ,fDtek vkSj ?kko dks lcls tYnh Bhd djrk gSA

fgaXokfn ?k`r %&

iapxO; ?k`r %&

(Delivery)

(Normal)

(Sigerian)

27 28

xk; ds oSKkfud ykHkns'kh xk; ds nw/k ds oSKkfud ykHk

1- ns'kh xk; ds nw/k esa dSfY'k;e izpqj ek=k esa gksrk gS] ;g gfM~M;ksa dk fodkl djrk gS vkSj lkFk gh dSalj dks jksdus esa Hkh ykHknk;d gSA

2- ns'kh xk; ds nw/k esa 8 izfr'kr izksVhu] 8 izfr'kr dkcksZgkbZMªsV] 0-7izfr'kr [kfut o foVkfeu ,] ch-lh-Mh o bZ izpqj ek=k esa gksrs gSa] tks cPpksa o xHkZorh efgykvksa ds fy, vfr vko';d gSA

3- ns'kh xk; ds nw/k esa dSjkslhV uked rRo gksrk gS] tks us= T;ksfr dks c<+krk gSA

4- ns'kh xk; dk nw/k vklkuh ls ip tkrk gS vkSj VkWfud ds :i esa efLr"d dh izR;sd ul] ukM+h rd igq¡pdj Lej.k 'kfDr c<+krk gSA

5- ns'kh xk; ds nw/k esa cgqr ls ,sls xq.k gSa] tks euq"; dks LQwfrZoku] cqf)eku ,oa fujksxh cukrs gSaA

6- ns'kh xk; dk nw/k gh B2 Js.kh dk gksrk gS tks ekuo ds fy, Js"B gSA7- ns'kh xk; ds nw/k ds dSyksjh 65 izfr'kr izksfVu 3-3 izfr'kr] olk 4-1

izfr'kr gksrh gS] tks fd eka ds nw/k ls yxHkx led{k gS A

1- ns'kh xk; ds ?kh ân; jksfx;ksa ds fy, Hkh ykHknk;d gS o eksVkik dedjrk gSA

2- ns'kh xk; dk 10 xzke ?kh dk nhid tykus ls okrkoj.k 'kq) gksrk gSA 3- ns'kh xk; dk ?kh vklkuh ls ip tkrk gS rFkk ekuo 'kjhj esa

(Lubrication) dk dk;Z djrk gSA 4- ns'kh xk; dk ?kh cPpksa] xHkZorh efgykvksa o ;qokvksa ds fy, vko';d o

ykHknk;d gSaA5- ns'kh xk; ds ?kh esa (Butyric) ,flM gksrk gS] tks dSalj vkSj ok;jy tSls

jksxksa dh jksdFkke djrk gSA6- ns'kh xk; dk ?kh lw{e d.k dk gksrk gS] tks efLr"d dh izR;sd ul ukM+h

rd igqapdj Lej.k 'kfDr c<+krk gSA7- ns'kh xk; dk ?kh f=nks"k ¼dQ] okr] fiÙk½ uk'kd gSA

ns'kh xk; ds ?kh ds oSKkfud ykHk

xk; ds xkscj esa y{ehth dk vkSj xksew= esa xaXkkth dk fuokl ekuk x;k gSA blfy;s xk;ds xkscj&xksew= Hkh cM+s ifo= gSA xkscj ls fyis gq, ?kjksa esa Iysx] gStk vkfn Hk;adj chekfj;k¡ ugh gksrhA blds flok; ;q}ds le; xkscj ls fyis gq, edkuksa ij ce dk mruk vlj ugha gksrk] ftruk lhesaV vkfn ls cus gq, edkuksa ij gksrk gSA

xkscj esa tgj [khapus dh fo'ks"k 'kfDr gksrh gSA dk'kh esa dksbZ vkneh lkai ds dkVus ls ej x;kA yksx mldh nkg&fdz;k djus ds fy;s mldks xaXkkth ds fdukjs ys x;sA ogka ,d lk/kq jgrk FkkA mlus iwNk fd bl vkneh dks D;k gqvk yksxksa us dgk fd ;g lkai dkVus ls ejk gSa lk/kq us dgk fd ;g ejk ugha gS] rqe yksx xk; dk xkscj ys vkvks xkscj yk;k x;k A lk/kq us tehu ij xkscj Mkydj ml ijml vkneh dks fyVk fn;k vkSj mldh ukfldk dks NksM+dj iqjs 'kjhj ij xkscj Fkksi fn;kA vka[ks ehpdj] mu ij diM+k j[kdj mlds mij Hkh xkscj j[k fn;kA vk/ks ?kaVs ds ckn nwljh ckj ml ij xkscj Fkksi fn;kA dqN ?kaVks esa ml vkneh ds 'okl pyus yxs vkSj og th mBkA

vxj fdlh vax esa fcPNw dkV tk; rks tgka rd fo"k Pk<+k gqvk gS] ogka rd xkscj yxk fn;k tk; rks fo"k mrj tkrk gSA geus lquk gS fd 'kjhj esa dksbZ Hkh jksx gks] tehu esa xgjk xM~Mk [kksndj mlesa jksxh dks [kM+k dj n]s vkSj mlds xys rd og xM~Mk xkscj ls Hkj nsA yxHkx vk/ks ?kVs rd vFkok mruh nsj rd og xM~Ms esa [kM+k jgsA tc rd jksx 'kkUr u gks tk;] rc rd izfrfnu ;g iz;ksx djrk jgsA

vktdy xkscj ls xSl iSnk dh tkrh gSa] ml xSl ls fctyh Hkh iSnk dh tkrh gS] ftldks dbZ txg dke esa fy;k tkrk gSA xSl fudyus ds ckn xkscj dh rsth de gks tkrh gSA vkSj og [ksrksa es nsus fy;s cf<+;k [kkn gks tkrh gSa laf[k;k] fHkykok vkfn cMs+&cM+s tgjksa dh 'kqf)Hkh xksew= ls gh gksrh gSaA lksuk]pkanh vkfn /kkrq,sa Hkh xksew= ls 'kq)dh tkrh gSA HkLe cukrs le; mu /kkrqvks dks rikdj rsy esa] xk; dh NkN esa vkSj xksew= esa cq>kdj 'kq) fd;k tkrk gSA

NksVh cNM+h dk xksew= izfrfnu rksyk nks rksyk ihus ls isV ds jksx nwj gksrs gSA ;d`r &ihM+k esa Hkh xksew= dk lsou cM+k ykHknk;d gksrk gSA ,d lar dks nekjksx FkkA mUgksusa NksVh cNM+h dk xksew= izkr% [kkyh isV ,d rksyk izfrfnu ysuk 'kq: fd;k rks mudk jksx cgqr de gks x;kA Nkrh esa] dysts esa nnZ gksrk gks rks ,d crZu esa xksew= ysdj mldks xje

xk; ds xkscj esa y{ehth dk vkSj xksew= esa xaXkkth dk fuokl ekuk x;k gSA blfy;s xk;ds xkscj&xksew= Hkh cM+s ifo= gSA xkscj ls fyis gq, ?kjksa esa Iysx] gStk vkfn Hk;adj chekfj;k¡ ugh gksrhA blds flok; ;q}ds le; xkscj ls fyis gq, edkuksa ij ce dk mruk vlj ugha gksrk] ftruk lhesaV vkfn ls cus gq, edkuksa ij gksrk gSA

xkscj esa tgj [khapus dh fo'ks"k 'kfDr gksrh gSA dk'kh esa dksbZ vkneh lkai ds dkVus ls ej x;kA yksx mldh nkg&fdz;k djus ds fy;s mldks xaXkkth ds fdukjs ys x;sA ogka ,d lk/kq jgrk FkkA mlus iwNk fd bl vkneh dks D;k gqvk yksxksa us dgk fd ;g lkai dkVus ls ejk gSa lk/kq us dgk fd ;g ejk ugha gS] rqe yksx xk; dk xkscj ys vkvks xkscj yk;k x;k A lk/kq us tehu ij xkscj Mkydj ml ijml vkneh dks fyVk fn;k vkSj mldh ukfldk dks NksM+dj iqjs 'kjhj ij xkscj Fkksi fn;kA vka[ks ehpdj] mu ij diM+k j[kdj mlds mij Hkh xkscj j[k fn;kA vk/ks ?kaVs ds ckn nwljh ckj ml ij xkscj Fkksi fn;kA dqN ?kaVks esa ml vkneh ds 'okl pyus yxs vkSj og th mBkA

vxj fdlh vax esa fcPNw dkV tk; rks tgka rd fo"k Pk<+k gqvk gS] ogka rd xkscj yxk fn;k tk; rks fo"k mrj tkrk gSA geus lquk gS fd 'kjhj esa dksbZ Hkh jksx gks] tehu esa xgjk xM~Mk [kksndj mlesa jksxh dks [kM+k dj n]s vkSj mlds xys rd og xM~Mk xkscj ls Hkj nsA yxHkx vk/ks ?kVs rd vFkok mruh nsj rd og xM~Ms esa [kM+k jgsA tc rd jksx 'kkUr u gks tk;] rc rd izfrfnu ;g iz;ksx djrk jgsA

vktdy xkscj ls xSl iSnk dh tkrh gSa] ml xSl ls fctyh Hkh iSnk dh tkrh gS] ftldks dbZ txg dke esa fy;k tkrk gSA xSl fudyus ds ckn xkscj dh rsth de gks tkrh gSA vkSj og [ksrksa es nsus fy;s cf<+;k [kkn gks tkrh gSa laf[k;k] fHkykok vkfn cMs+&cM+s tgjksa dh 'kqf)Hkh xksew= ls gh gksrh gSaA lksuk]pkanh vkfn /kkrq,sa Hkh xksew= ls 'kq)dh tkrh gSA HkLe cukrs le; mu /kkrqvks dks rikdj rsy esa] xk; dh NkN esa vkSj xksew= esa cq>kdj 'kq) fd;k tkrk gSA

NksVh cNM+h dk xksew= izfrfnu rksyk nks rksyk ihus ls isV ds jksx nwj gksrs gSA ;d`r &ihM+k esa Hkh xksew= dk lsou cM+k ykHknk;d gksrk gSA ,d lar dks nekjksx FkkA mUgksusa NksVh cNM+h dk xksew= izkr% [kkyh isV ,d rksyk izfrfnu ysuk 'kq: fd;k rks mudk jksx cgqr de gks x;kA Nkrh esa] dysts esa nnZ gksrk gks rks ,d crZu esa xksew= ysdj mldks xje

xk; ds xkscj vkSj xksew= dh efgek

29 30

djsA ml crZu ij ,d yksgs dh Nyuh j[kdj ml ij diM+k ;k iqjkuh :bZ j[k ns og diM+k ;k :bZ xje gks tk; rks mlls Nkrh ij lsd djrs jgsaA blls nnZ nwj gks tkrk gSA xksew= ls Luku djus ls 'kjhj dh [kqtyh feVrh gSA

bl izdkj xkscj vkSj xksew= ls vusd jksx nwj gksrs gSA

ukbZVªkstu] lYQj] veksfu;k] dkWij] vk;ju] ;qfj;k] ;wfjd] ,flM] iksVk'k] esxuht] dkjO;wfyd ,flM] QkLQsV] lksfM;e] iksVsf'k;e] dSfY'k;e] lkYV] foVkfeu ,]ch]lh]Mh]bZ] ysDVksl] ,utkbZel] okVj] gkbZ¶;wfjd ,flM] fØ;ksfVfuu] gkbZMªksDlkbZd A1- ;g jDr izokg dks o 'kkjhfjd rkiØe dks fu;af=r djrk gSA2- ;g ân; esa lwtu o tyu feVkrk gSA3- ;g dCt dks nwj djrk gS o ik;fj;k jksx esa ykHkdkjh gSA

1- ;g jDr o fo"k dh fod`fr dks gVkrk gS] cM+h vkar esa xfr dks 'kfDr nsrk gS] 'kjhj esa okr fir o dQ nks"k dks fLFkj j[kus esa lg;ksx djrk gSA

2- ;g vfuf'pr o vuko';d olk dks fufeZr gksus ls jksdrk gS] yky jDr dksf'kdkvksa ,oa gheksXyksfcu ds mRiknu esa lUrqyu j[krk gSA

3- ;g fo"kk.kquk'kh o ew=o/kZd gksus ls fo"k ¼VksfDlu½ dks u"V djrk gS] ew= ekxZ ls iFkjh dks gVkus esa lgk;d gS] jDr'kqf) djrk gSA

4- ;g rstkc foghu] oa'kkuqxr xfB;k jksx ls eqDr djrk gSA vkyL; o ekalisf'k;ksa dh detksjh dks gVkrk gS] dhVk.kq uk'kd] dhVk.kq dh o`f) jksdrk gS] ¼xsUxjhu½ ekal lM+ko ls j{kk djrk gSA

5- ;g jDr'kqf) drkZ vfLFk esa 'kfDr iznkrk ¼dhVk.kquk'kd½ jDr esa rstkch vo;oksa dks de djrk gSA

6- ;g thou esa 'kfDr o mRlkgo)Zu esa lfØ;rk ykrk gS o ekufld :X.krk o I;kl ls cpkrk gSA vfLFk esa iqu% 'kfDr iznku dj thou esa meax o`f) djrs gq, iqujksRiknd 'kfDr iznku djrk gSA

7- ;g jksx izfrjks/kkRed 'kfDr o)Zd] ân; dks 'kfDr o larks"k iznku djrk gSA

djsA ml crZu ij ,d yksgs dh Nyuh j[kdj ml ij diM+k ;k iqjkuh :bZ j[k ns og diM+k ;k :bZ xje gks tk; rks mlls Nkrh ij lsd djrs jgsaA blls nnZ nwj gks tkrk gSA xksew= ls Luku djus ls 'kjhj dh [kqtyh feVrh gSA

bl izdkj xkscj vkSj xksew= ls vusd jksx nwj gksrs gSA

xksew= vdZ esa ekStwn rRo o jlk;uxksew= vdZ esa ekStwn rRo o jlk;u

xksew= vdZ esa ekStwn rRo o jlk;u ds ykHk %&xksew= vdZ esa ekStwn rRo o jlk;u ds ykHk %&

xk; dh j{kk ls euq";] nsork] Hkwr&izsr] ;{k&jk{kl] Ik'kq&i{kh] o`{k ?kkl vkfn lcdh j{kk gksrh gSA i`Foh ij dksbZ Hkh ,slk LFkkoj&taxe izk.kh ugha gS ! tks xk; ls iqf"V u ikrk gksA xk; vFkZ] /keZ] dke vkSj eks{k dks fl) djus okyh] yksd&ijyksd esa lgk;rk djus okyh vkSj ujdksa ls m)kj djus okyh gSA

xksj{kk ds fy;s cfynku djusokyksa dh dFkkvksa ls bfrgkl] iqjk.k Hkjs iM+s gSA cM+s Hkkjh nq%[k dh ckr gS fd vkt gekjs ns'k esa iSlksa ds yksHk ls izfrfnu gtkjks dh la[;k esa xk;ksa dh gR;k dh tk jgh gS vxj blh rjg xksgR;k gksrh jgh rks ,d le; xksoa'k lekIr gks tk;xkA tc xk;sa ugha jgsxha rc ns'k dh D;k n'kk gksxh] fdruh vkQrsa vk;saxh&bldk vankt ugha yxk;k tk ldrk gSA tc xk;sa [kRe gks tk;sxh vkSj tehu ls rsy fudyuk can gks tk;xk rc [ksrh dSls gksxh ? [ksrh u gksus ls vUu rFkk oL= dSls feysxk ?

yksxks dks 'kjhj&fuokZg ds fy;s vUu] ty vkSj oL= feyuk Hkh eqf'dy gks tk;xkA jktLFkku ds xkaoksa esa eSus ns[kk gS fd igys ogka cSyksa ds }kjk tehu ls ikuh fudkyk tkrk FkkA fQj ogka fctyh vkus ls fctyh ls ikuh fudyus yxk vksj cSyksa dks yksxsk us fcØh dj fn;kA vc vxj fctyh can gks tk;! rks ikuh Hkh can gks tkrk gS vkSj yksx nq%[k ikrs gSA ;g izR;{k ns[kh gqbZ ckr gSA tSls Hkxoku~ dh lsok djus ls f=yksdh dh lsok gksrh gS] ,sls gh fu"dke Hkko ls xk; dh lsok djus dh fo'oek= dh lsok gksrh gS] D;ksfd xk; fo'o dh ekrk gSA xk; dh lsok ls yksfdd vkSj ijyksfdd nksuks rjg ds ykHk gksrs gSA xk; dh lsok ls vFkZ] /keZ] dke vkSj eks{k ;s pkjksa iq:"kkFkZ fl) gksrs gSA j?kqoa'k Hkh xk; dh lsok ls gh pyk FkkA

xk; ds dysts] ekal [kwu vkfn ls cgqr lh vaxzsth nokbZ;kW curh gSA mu nokbZ;ksa dk lsou djus ls xk; ds ekal [kwu vkfn dk va'k yksxksa ds isV esa pyk x;k gS] ftlls mudh cqf)efyu gks x;h gSA

yksx iki ls iSlk dekrs gS vkSj mUgh iSlksa dk vUu [kkrs gS] fQj mudh cqf) 'kq) dSls gksxh] vkSj cqf)'kq) gq, fcuk lPph] fgrdj ckr vPNh dSls yxsxhA

xk; dh j{kk ls euq";] nsork] Hkwr&izsr] ;{k&jk{kl] Ik'kq&i{kh] o`{k ?kkl vkfn lcdh j{kk gksrh gSA i`Foh ij dksbZ Hkh ,slk LFkkoj&taxe izk.kh ugha gS ! tks xk; ls iqf"V u ikrk gksA xk; vFkZ] /keZ] dke vkSj eks{k dks fl) djus okyh] yksd&ijyksd esa lgk;rk djus okyh vkSj ujdksa ls m)kj djus okyh gSA

xksj{kk ds fy;s cfynku djusokyksa dh dFkkvksa ls bfrgkl] iqjk.k Hkjs iM+s gSA cM+s Hkkjh nq%[k dh ckr gS fd vkt gekjs ns'k esa iSlksa ds yksHk ls izfrfnu gtkjks dh la[;k esa xk;ksa dh gR;k dh tk jgh gS vxj blh rjg xksgR;k gksrh jgh rks ,d le; xksoa'k lekIr gks tk;xkA tc xk;sa ugha jgsxha rc ns'k dh D;k n'kk gksxh] fdruh vkQrsa vk;saxh&bldk vankt ugha yxk;k tk ldrk gSA tc xk;sa [kRe gks tk;sxh vkSj tehu ls rsy fudyuk can gks tk;xk rc [ksrh dSls gksxh [ksrh u gksus ls vUu rFkk oL= dSls feysxk

yksxks dks 'kjhj&fuokZg ds fy;s vUu] ty vkSj oL= feyuk Hkh eqf'dy gks tk;xkA jktLFkku ds xkaoksa esa eSus ns[kk gS fd igys ogka cSyksa ds }kjk tehu ls ikuh fudkyk tkrk FkkA fQj ogka fctyh vkus ls fctyh ls ikuh fudyus yxk vksj cSyksa dks yksxsk us fcØh dj fn;kA vc vxj fctyh can gks tk;! rks ikuh Hkh can gks tkrk gS vkSj yksx nq%[k ikrs gSA ;g izR;{k ns[kh gqbZ ckr gSA tSls Hkxoku~ dh lsok djus ls f=yksdh dh lsok gksrh gS] ,sls gh fu"dke Hkko ls xk; dh lsok djus dh fo'oek= dh lsok gksrh gS] D;ksfd xk; fo'o dh ekrk gSA xk; dh lsok ls yksfdd vkSj ijyksfdd nksuks rjg ds ykHk gksrs gSA xk; dh lsok ls vFkZ] /keZ] dke vkSj eks{k ;s pkjksa iq:"kkFkZ fl) gksrs gSA j?kqoa'k Hkh xk; dh lsok ls gh pyk FkkA

xk; ds dysts] ekal [kwu vkfn ls cgqr lh vaxzsth nokbZ;kW curh gSA mu nokbZ;ksa dk lsou djus ls xk; ds ekal [kwu vkfn dk va'k yksxksa ds isV esa pyk x;k gS] ftlls mudh cqf)efyu gks x;h gSA

yksx iki ls iSlk dekrs gS vkSj mUgh iSlksa dk vUu [kkrs gS] fQj mudh cqf) 'kq) dSls gksxh] vkSj cqf)'kq) gq, fcuk lPph] fgrdj ckr vPNh dSls yxsxhA

??

xkslsok ,oa xksj{kk ds ykHkxkslsok ,oa xksj{kk ds ykHk

yksxksa esa xksj{kk dh Hkkouk de D;ksa gks jgh gSyksxksa esa xksj{kk dh Hkkouk de D;ksa gks jgh gS

31 32

LokFkZ cqf) vf/kd gksus ls euq"; dh cqf)Hkz"V gks tkrh gS] cqf) rkelh gks tkrh gS] fQj mldks vPNh ckrsa Hkh foijhr fn[kus yxrh gSA vktdy euq";ksa esa LokFkZ&Hkkouk cgqr T;knk c<+ x;h gS] ftlls muesa xksj{kk dh Hkkouk de gks jgh gSA

xk; ds ekal] peM+s vkfn ds O;kikj esa cgqr iSlkv/kEkZ /keZfefr ;k eU;rs relko`rkA lokZFkkZfUoijhrkaJ cqf)% lk ikFkZ rkelhA

^reksxq.k ls f?kjh gqbZ tks cqf) v/keZ dks /keZ vkSj lEiw.kZ phtksa dks mYVk gh ekurh gS] og rkelh gSA iSLkk vkrk gqvk fn[krk gSA euq"; yksHk ds dkj.k iSlksa dh rjQ rks ns[krk gS] ij xksoa'k u"V gks jgk gS] ifj.kke esa gekjh D;k n'kk gksxh] fdrus Hk;adj ujdksa esa tkuk iM+sxk fdruh ;kruk Hkksxuh iM+sxh&bl rjQ og ns[krk gh ugha rkRi;Z gS fd rkRdkfyd ykHk dks ns[kus ls euq"; Hkfo"; dk fopkj ugha dj ldrk] D;ksfda yksHk ds dkj.k mldh fopkj djus dh 'kfDr dqf.Br gks tkrh gS] nc tkrh gSA yksHk ds dkj.k og viuk okLrfod fgr lksp gh ugha ldrkA

eSa uezrk ds lkFk fuEufyf[kr fo"k;ksa ij vius fopkj izdV djus dk lkgl djrk gwW A bu fOk"k;ksa esa esjk futh fo'ks"k vuqHko ugh A fe=ksa ds vuqjks/k rFkk drZO; dh izsj.kk ls gh viuh le> esa tks ckr mfpr tSlh yxh og fy[kh tk jgh gSA vk'kk gS fd ikBdx.k fopkj djsaxsA vkSj vuqfpr fopkjksa ds fy;s lko/kku djus dh d`ik Hkh djsxsA

xk;ksa dh j{kk ds fy, mudksa vius ?kjksa esa j[kuk pkfg;s vkSj mudk ikyu djuk pkfg;sA xk; ds nw/k ?kh dk lsou djuk pkfg;s] HkSal vkfn dk ugha ! xk;ksa dh j{kk ds mís'; ls gh xkS'kkyk,sa cukuh pkfg;s] nw/k ds mís'; ls ugha ? ftruh xkspj Hkwfe gS] mudh j{kk djuh pkfg;s rFkk ljdkj ls vkSj xkspj&Hkwfe NqMkbZ tkuh pkfg;sA ljdkj dh xksgR;k&uhfrdk dM+k fojks/k djuk pkfg;s vkSj oksV mudks gh nsuk pkfg;s tks iwjs ns'k esa iw.kZ:i ls xksgR;k can djus dk opu nsaA

LokFkZ cqf) vf/kd gksus ls euq"; dh cqf)Hkz"V gks tkrh gS] cqf) rkelh gks tkrh gS] fQj mldks vPNh ckrsa Hkh foijhr fn[kus yxrh gSA vktdy euq";ksa esa LokFkZ&Hkkouk cgqr T;knk c<+ x;h gS] ftlls muesa xksj{kk dh Hkkouk de gks jgh gSA

xk; ds ekal] peM+s vkfn ds O;kikj esa cgqr iSlkv/kEkZ /keZfefr ;k eU;rs relko`rkA lokZFkkZfUoijhrkaJ cqf)% lk ikFkZ rkelhA

^reksxq.k ls f?kjh gqbZ tks cqf) v/keZ dks /keZ vkSj lEiw.kZ phtksa dks mYVk gh ekurh gS] og rkelh gSA iSLkk vkrk gqvk fn[krk gSA euq"; yksHk ds dkj.k iSlksa dh rjQ rks ns[krk gS] ij xksoa'k u"V gks jgk gS] ifj.kke esa gekjh D;k n'kk gksxh] fdrus Hk;adj ujdksa esa tkuk iM+sxk fdruh ;kruk Hkksxuh iM+sxh&bl rjQ og ns[krk gh ugha rkRi;Z gS fd rkRdkfyd ykHk dks ns[kus ls euq"; Hkfo"; dk fopkj ugha dj ldrk] D;ksfda yksHk ds dkj.k mldh fopkj djus dh 'kfDr dqf.Br gks tkrh gS] nc tkrh gSA yksHk ds dkj.k og viuk okLrfod fgr lksp gh ugha ldrkA

eSa uezrk ds lkFk fuEufyf[kr fo"k;ksa ij vius fopkj izdV djus dk lkgl djrk gwW A bu fOk"k;ksa esa esjk futh fo'ks"k vuqHko ugh A fe=ksa ds vuqjks/k rFkk drZO; dh izsj.kk ls gh viuh le> esa tks ckr mfpr tSlh yxh og fy[kh tk jgh gSA vk'kk gS fd ikBdx.k fopkj djsaxsA vkSj vuqfpr fopkjksa ds fy;s lko/kku djus dh d`ik Hkh djsxsA

xk;ksa dh j{kk ds fy, mudksa vius ?kjksa esa j[kuk pkfg;s vkSj mudk ikyu djuk pkfg;sA xk; ds nw/k ?kh dk lsou djuk pkfg;s] HkSal vkfn dk ugha ! xk;ksa dh j{kk ds mís'; ls gh xkS'kkyk,sa cukuh pkfg;s] nw/k ds mís'; ls ugha ftruh xkspj Hkwfe gS] mudh j{kk djuh pkfg;s rFkk ljdkj ls vkSj xkspj&Hkwfe NqMkbZ tkuh pkfg;sA ljdkj dh xksgR;k&uhfrdk dM+k fojks/k djuk pkfg;s vkSj oksV mudks gh nsukpkfg;s tks iwjs ns'k esa iw.kZ:i ls xksgR;k can djus dk opu nsaA

?

tks xk;ksa vkSj cSyksa dks csprs gS] mudks ;g gR;k yxrh gSA vr% viuh iwjh 'kfDr yxkdj gj gkyr esa xk;ksa dh j{kk djuk] mudks dRy[kkuksa esa tkus ls jksduk rFkk mudk ikyu djuk mudh o`f) djuk gekjk ije drZO; gSA

dRy[kkus tkrs gq;s xkso'ka dh j{kk gsrq iqfyl o xks lsod dks tkudkjh nsosaA?kk;y xksoa'k dks cpkus ds fy, xk; ,Ecqysal dks Qksu dj Ik'kq fpfdRlky; igqpk;saA IykfLVd dh Fksyh esa Mkyh xbZ Hkkstu lkexzh] Qy o lfCt;ksa ds fNyds] FkSyh lfgr [kkus ls xksoa'k ejrk gS] vr% IykfLVd dh FkSfy;ksa dk iz;ksx u djsaa] Hkkstu lkezxh vyx ls dkxt ij j[k dj nsosa AHkkstu dk;ZØeksaa esa IykfLVd fMLiksty dk iz;ksx u djsaA ;s xkso'ka ,oa Ik;kZoj.k ds fy, [krjukd gSA blds LFkku ij dkxt o feÍh ds fMLiksty dk iz;ksx djsaA vius ?kj] QSDVªh] nqdku ,oa dk;kZy; ij xks&xqYyd j[ksaA izfrfnu 1 ?k.Vk xksoa'k dh lsokFkZ ,oa mUgs cpkus ds iz;kl o izpkj &izlkj esa yxkosA mre fdLe ds uUnh ls Hkkjrh; uLy ds xksoa'k dk loa/kZu djkosaA

,d&,d xk; ?kj esa t:j t:j ikysaAHkSal dh txg xk; ikyksAu;s vPNh uLy ds uUnh cukvks vkSj lkaM dk gh nku djksAxks nku dh txg igys pkjs nkus dk nku djksA xkspj Hkwfe vf/kd ls vf/kd NqMokvks] [kjhndj xkoks dks d`".kkiZ.k dj nksA ;g cM+s iq.; dk dk;Z gSAxk; ds peMs dh dksbZ oLrq mi;ksx u djus dh izfrKk dj yks u;s&u;s <ax dk pkjk ckaVuk vkjEHk djksA nkc?kkl cukvks] pkjk dqVkbZ rFkkpkjk dkVus ds fy;s ;U=ksa ls dke yksA xk;ksa dh [kwc lsok djksA mUgsa jkst ekfyl djks /kksvks ugykvks vkSj chp&chp esa Mqcdh yxokdj ugykrs jgks A

tks xk;ksa vkSj cSyksa dks csprs gS] mudks ;g gR;k yxrh gSA vr% viuh iwjh 'kfDr yxkdj gj gkyr esa xk;ksa dh j{kk djuk] mudks dRy[kkuksa esa tkus ls jksduk rFkk mudk ikyu djuk mudh o`f) djuk gekjk ije drZO; gSA

dRy[kkus tkrs gq;s xkso'ka dh j{kk gsrq iqfyl o xks lsod dks tkudkjh nsosaA?kk;y xksoa'k dks cpkus ds fy, xk; ,Ecqysal dks Qksu dj Ik'kqfpfdRlky; igqpk;saA IykfLVd dh Fksyh esa Mkyh xbZ Hkkstu lkexzh] Qy o lfCt;ksa ds fNyds] FkSyh lfgr [kkus ls xksoa'k ejrk gS] vr% IykfLVd dh FkSfy;ksa dk iz;ksx u djsaa] Hkkstu lkezxh vyx ls dkxt ij j[k dj nsosa AHkkstu dk;ZØeksaa esa IykfLVd fMLiksty dk iz;ksx u djsaA ;s xkso'ka ,oa Ik;kZoj.k ds fy, [krjukd gSA blds LFkku ij dkxt o feÍh ds fMLiksty dk iz;ksx djsaA vius ?kj] QSDVªh] nqdku ,oa dk;kZy; ij xks&xqYyd j[ksaA izfrfnu 1 ?k.Vk xksoa'k dh lsokFkZ ,oa mUgs cpkus ds iz;kl o izpkj &izlkj esa yxkosA mre fdLe ds uUnh ls Hkkjrh; uLy ds xksoa'k dk loa/kZu djkosaA

,d&,d xk; ?kj esa t:j t:j ikysaAHkSal dh txg xk; ikyksAu;s vPNh uLy ds uUnh cukvks vkSj lkaM dk gh nku djksAxks nku dh txg igys pkjs nkus dk nku djksA xkspj Hkwfe vf/kd ls vf/kd NqMokvks] [kjhndj xkoks dks d`".kkiZ.k dj nksA ;g cM+s iq.; dk dk;Z gSAxk; ds peMs dh dksbZ oLrq mi;ksx u djus dh izfrKk dj yks u;s&u;s <ax dk pkjk ckaVuk vkjEHk djksA nkc?kkl cukvks] pkjk dqVkbZ rFkkpkjk dkVus ds fy;s ;U=ksa ls dke yksA xk;ksa dh [kwc lsok djksA mUgsa jkst ekfyl djks /kksvks ugykvks vkSj chp&chp esa Mqcdh yxokdj ugykrs jgks A

xksj{kk ds fy;s D;k djuk pkfg;sxksj{kk ds fy;s D;k djuk pkfg;sxks&j{kkij dqN lVhd fopkjxks&j{kkij dqN lVhd fopkj

xksj{kk ds mik; ,ao lk/kuxksj{kk ds mik; ,ao lk/ku

33 34

xk; vkSj mlds ifjokj dh tUei=h vkSj mudh mUufr dk fglkc j[kksAxk; ds nw/k ?kh dh iSnkbZ'k dks ns[kdj mldh vuqikr ls pkjk nkuk nks Axkscj dks tykuk NksM+ nks mlds cnys esa ydM+h iSnk djks vkSj mls tykvksaAxkscj&xksew= dwM+s dpjs vkSj ?kkl pkjs dh cph jn~nh ls oSKkfud<ax ij [kkn cukvksAfiatjkiksyksa ds fofo/k vaxks dk fodkl djds mUgs vkn'kZ xks&lnu ;k xksyksd cuk yksAxksijh{k.k vkSj fujh{k.k ds fy;s la?k dk;e djksa Algdkjh i)fr ls nqX/k O;olk; vkSj mldh j{kk dk dk;Z djksAnqX/kky; dh lgdkfjrk vkSj cqf)erk ds lkFk oSKkfud <ax ls O;oLFkk djksA iwath dh lqO;oLFkk djksAxk;ks dks jksxxzLr er gksus nksA lQkbZ fpfdRlk rFkk vU; mik;ksa ls mUgs lnk fujksx j[kksAcSyks ds izfr Hkkj <ksus vkSj gy tksrus esa tqYe u gks bldk iwjk&iwjk [;ky j[kksA cSyks ds LFkku ij Vªdks dks vkSj VªSDVjks dks LFkku er nks AHkxoku dh d`ik 'kfDrij fo'okl j[kdj foKku foosd vkSj J)k ds lkFk xksoa'k dh mUUkfr ds bu dk;ksZ dks 'kq: djksA budks pykrs jgks vkSj leqTtoy lQyrk izkIr djksA

;fn vki Hkkjrh; gSa rks lef>;s fd xÅ gekjh ekrk gS] xÅ nw/k LokLF; vkSj lq[k dk nkrk gS A;fn vki O;olk;h gSa rks vFkZ&O;oLFkk ds vk/kkj&xk; cSyksa dks cpkus gsrq /ku nhft;sAvki ljdkjh@vljdkjh deZpkjh gS rks lkFk dke djus okyks dks xk; cSyksa dk egRo le>kbZ;sA vki fopkjd gSa rks viuk cqf)cy vkSj rst c<kus gsrq xkS&nw/k ihft;sA vki xkS&izseh gSa rks gR;k ds fy;s tkus ls jksdh xbZ xÅvksa dks lEHkkfy;sA

xk; vkSj mlds ifjokj dh tUei=h vkSj mudh mUufr dk fglkc j[kksAxk; ds nw/k ?kh dh iSnkbZ'k dks ns[kdj mldh vuqikr ls pkjk nkuk nks Axkscj dks tykuk NksM+ nks mlds cnys esa ydM+h iSnk djks vkSj mls tykvksaAxkscj&xksew= dwM+s dpjs vkSj ?kkl pkjs dh cph jn~nh ls oSKkfud<ax ij [kkn cukvksAfiatjkiksyksa ds fofo/k vaxks dk fodkl djds mUgs vkn'kZ xks&lnu ;k xksyksd cuk yksAxksijh{k.k vkSj fujh{k.k ds fy;s la?k dk;e djksa Algdkjh i)fr ls nqX/k O;olk; vkSj mldh j{kk dk dk;Z djksAnqX/kky; dh lgdkfjrk vkSj cqf)erk ds lkFk oSKkfud <ax ls O;oLFkk djksA iwath dh lqO;oLFkk djksAxk;ks dks jksxxzLr er gksus nksA lQkbZ fpfdRlk rFkk vU; mik;ksa ls mUgs lnk fujksx j[kksAcSyks ds izfr Hkkj <ksus vkSj gy tksrus esa tqYe u gks bldk iwjk&iwjk [;ky j[kksA cSyks ds LFkku ij Vªdks dks vkSj VªSDVjks dks LFkku er nks AHkxoku dh d`ik 'kfDrij fo'okl j[kdj foKku foosd vkSj J)k ds lkFk xksoa'k dh mUUkfr ds bu dk;ksZ dks 'kq: djksA budks pykrs jgks vkSj leqTtoy lQyrk izkIr djksA

;fn vki Hkkjrh; gSa rks lef>;s fd xÅ gekjh ekrk gS] xÅ nw/k LokLF; vkSj lq[k dk nkrk gS A;fn vki O;olk;h gSa rks vFkZ&O;oLFkk ds vk/kkj&xk; cSyksa dks cpkus gsrq /ku nhft;sAvki ljdkjh@vljdkjh deZpkjh gS rks lkFk dke djus okyks dks xk; cSyksa dk egRo le>kbZ;sA vki fopkjd gSa rks viuk cqf)cy vkSj rst c<kus gsrq xkS&nw/k ihft;sA vki xkS&izseh gSa rks gR;k ds fy;s tkus ls jksdh xbZ xÅvksa dks lEHkkfy;sA

vki iqfyl gSa rks dkuwu dh mYya?kuk dj xk; cSyksa dk cwpM+[kkuks esa ys tkus okyks dks idfM+;sA;fn vki odhy gSa rks i'kq&O;kikfj;ksa ds paxqy ls xk;&cSyks dks NqM+kus okys yksxks dks mRlkfgr cuk;s j[kus ds fy, fu%'kqYd eqdnek yhft;sAvki U;k;k/kh'k gS rks lafo/kku }kjk lqjf{kr xk; cSyksa ij vR;kpkj djus okyks dks nf.Mr dhft;sAvki Ik'kq&O;kikjh gSa rks ns'k dh vikj lEifr u"V djus okys xkS O;kikj dks cUn dj nhft;sA ;fn vki ys[kd gSa rks xk;&cSyksa ds vkfFkZd lkaLd`frd vkSj oSKkfud i{k dks mtkxj djus okyh jpuk dhft;sAvki dlkbZ gSa rks xk;&cSyksa ij Nqjh pykdj jk"Vª ?kkr u dhft;sAvki i=dkj gSa rks xk;&cSyks ls lcaf/kr lekpkjksa dks izeq[krk nhft;sA;fn vki laosnu'khy gSa rks viuk e;kZfnr vkReHkko ihfM+rksa rd igqapkus ds fy, xkS&lsok dhft;sA;fn vki fpard gSa rks yksxksa ds fpr&pfj= dks izHkkfor dhft;s ftlls os LokFkZo'k Ik'kq gR;k u djsaA;fn vki dfo gSa&rks jk"Vª dfo eSfFkyh 'kj.k xqIr dh Hkkafr xkS&ekrk dh iqdkj dks Loj nhft;sA;fn vki fo|kFkhZ gSa rks xk; dk nq/k gh fi;saA vki le; le; ij xks'kkyk esa viuk le; nsaA

xk; ds nw/k dh efgek

xk; dk nw/k ftruk lkfRod gksrk gS] mruk lkfRod nw/k fdlh dk Hkh ugh gksrkA gekjs ns'k dh xk;sa lkSE; vkSj lkfRod gksrh gS] blhfy;s mudk nw/k Hkh lkfRod gksrk ] ftldks ihus ls cqf)rh{.k gksrh gS vkSj LoHkko lkSE;] 'kkUr gksrk gSA fons'kh xk;ksa dk nw/k rks T;knk gksrk gS] ij muds nw/k esa mruh lkfRodrk ugha gksrh rFkk muesa xqLlk Hkh T;knk gksrk gSA vr% mudk nw/k ihus ls euq"; dk LoHkko Hkh dwzj gksrk gSA fons'kh xk;ksa ds nw/k esa ?kh de gksrk gS vkSj [kkrh Hkh T;knk gSA

vki iqfyl gSa rks dkuwu dh mYya?kuk dj xk; cSyksa dk cwpM+[kkuks esa ys tkus okyks dks idfM+;sA;fn vki odhy gSa rks i'kq&O;kikfj;ksa ds paxqy ls xk;&cSyks dks NqM+kus okys yksxks dks mRlkfgr cuk;s j[kus ds fy, fu%'kqYd eqdnek yhft;sAvki U;k;k/kh'k gS rks lafo/kku }kjk lqjf{kr xk; cSyksa ij vR;kpkj djus okyks dks nf.Mr dhft;sAvki Ik'kq&O;kikjh gSa rks ns'k dh vikj lEifr u"V djus okys xkS O;kikj dks cUn dj nhft;sA ;fn vki ys[kd gSa rks xk;&cSyksa ds vkfFkZd lkaLd`frd vkSj oSKkfud i{k dks mtkxj djus okyh jpuk dhft;sAvki dlkbZ gSa rks xk;&cSyksa ij Nqjh pykdj jk"Vª ?kkr u dhft;sAvki i=dkj gSa rks xk;&cSyks ls lcaf/kr lekpkjksa dks izeq[krk nhft;sA;fn vki laosnu'khy gSa rks viuk e;kZfnr vkReHkko ihfM+rksa rd igqapkus ds fy, xkS&lsok dhft;sA;fn vki fpard gSa rks yksxksa ds fpr&pfj= dks izHkkfor dhft;s ftlls os LokFkZo'k Ik'kq gR;k u djsaA;fn vki dfo gSa&rks jk"Vª dfo eSfFkyh 'kj.k xqIr dh Hkkafr xkS&ekrk dh iqdkj dks Loj nhft;sA;fn vki fo|kFkhZ gSa rks xk; dk nq/k gh fi;saA vki le; le; ij xks'kkyk esa viuk le; nsaA

xk; dk nw/k ftruk lkfRod gksrk gS] mruk lkfRod nw/k fdlh dk Hkh ugh gksrkA gekjs ns'k dh xk;sa lkSE; vkSj lkfRod gksrh gS] blhfy;s mudk nw/k Hkh lkfRod gksrk ] ftldks ihus ls cqf)rh{.k gksrh gS vkSj LoHkko lkSE;] 'kkUr gksrk gSA fons'kh xk;ksa dk nw/k rks T;knk gksrk gS] ij muds nw/k esa mruh lkfRodrk ugha gksrh rFkk muesa xqLlk Hkh T;knk gksrk gSA vr% mudk nw/k ihus ls euq"; dk LoHkko Hkh dwzj gksrk gSA fons'kh xk;ksa ds nw/k esa ?kh de gksrk gS vkSj [kkrh Hkh T;knk gSA

xk; ds nw/k dh efgek

xkS&j{kk ds fy, viuk&viuk drZO; fuHkk;sxkS&j{kk ds fy, viuk&viuk drZO; fuHkk;s iapxO; dh efgekiapxO; dh efgek

35 36

HkSal ds nw/k esa ?kh T;knk gksus ls og 'kjhj dks eksVk rks djrk gS] ij og nw/k lkfRod ugha gksrkA xkM+h pykus okys tkurs gh gS fd xkM+h dk gkuZ lqurs gh xk; lM+d ds fdukjs gks tkrh gSA tc fd HkSal lM+d esa gh [kM+h jgrh gSA blfy;s HkSal ds nw/k ls cqf)LFkwy gksrh gSA lSfudksa ds ?kksM+ks dks xk; dk nw/k fiyk;k tkrk gSA] ftlls os ?kksM+s cgqr rst gksrs gSa] ,d ckj lSfudks us ijh{kk ds fy;s dqN ?kksM+ksa dks HkSl dk nw/k fiyk;k] ftlls ?kksM+s [kwc eksVs gks x;sa ijarq tc unh ikj djus dk dke iM+k] rc os ?kksM+s ikuh es cSB x;sA HkSal ikuh esa cSBk djrh gS] blfy;s ogh LoHkko ?kksM+ksa esa Hkh vk x;kA

ÅaVuh dk nw/k Hkh fudyrk gS] ij ml nw/k dk ngh] eD[ku gksrk gh ughaA mldk nw/k rkelh gksusls nqxZfr esa ys tkusokyk gksrk gSA Le`fr;ksa esa ÅaV] dqrs] x/ks vkfn dks vLi`'; crk;k x;k gSa] cdjh dk nw/k uhjksx djus okyk ,oa ipus esa gydk gksrk gS] ij og xk; ds nw/k dh rjg cqf)o/kZd vkSj lkfRod ckr le>us ds fy, cy nsus okyk ugha gksrk A

xk; ds nw/k ls fudyk ?kh ̂ve`r* dgykrk gSA LoxZ dh vIljk moZ'kh jktk iq:jok ds ikl x;h rks mlus ve`r dh txg xk; dk ?kh ihuk gh Lohdkj fd;k&

^?k`ra es ohj Hk{;a L;kr~*

u;k ?kh&Hkkstu] riZ.k] ifjJe] cyghurk] ikaMq] deyk rFkk us= jksxksa esa ve`r tSlk A iqjkuk ?kh&f=nks"k uk'kd] ewPNkZ] dq"B] fo"k] mUekn] fexhZ ,oa eksfr;kfcan nwj djus esa l{keA;K esa xkS?k`r ds lkFk pkoy dh vkgqrh nsus ls bZFkhyhu vkDlkbM] izksihyhu vkDlkbM vkSj QkjeSYMhgkbM xSlsa mRiUu gksrh gSA xkS?k`r ls ;K djus ls vkWDlhtu curh gSA?kh uO; ds :i esa iz;ksx djsa rks efLr"d ds lHkh jksx feV tkrs gSaA tSls ljnnZ] ekbZxzsu] vfunzk] Lej.k'kfDr de gksuk] lnhZ&tqdke vkfn dQ ds lHkh 40 jksx feV tkrs gSaAxkS?k`r us=ksa ds fy, fgrdkjh] vfXuiznhid] f=nks"k uk'kd] cyo/kZd] vk;qo/kZd] jlk;u] lqxa/k;qDr] e/kqj] 'khry] lqanj vkSj mÙke gksrk gSA xkS?k`r ân; jksfx;ksa ds fy, mÙke vkS"k/k A xks?k`r ds lsou ls dkWysLVªky ugha c<+rk D;ksafd blesa gkbZ MsaflVh fy;ksizksVhu gksrk gSA

HkSal ds nw/k esa ?kh T;knk gksus ls og 'kjhj dks eksVk rks djrk gS] ij og nw/k lkfRod ugha gksrkA xkM+h pykus okys tkurs gh gS fd xkM+h dk gkuZ lqurs gh xk; lM+d ds fdukjs gks tkrh gSA tc fd HkSal lM+d esa gh [kM+h jgrh gSA blfy;s HkSal ds nw/k ls cqf)LFkwy gksrh gSA lSfudksa ds ?kksM+ks dks xk; dk nw/k fiyk;k tkrk gSA] ftlls os ?kksM+s cgqr rst gksrs gSa] ,d ckj lSfudks us ijh{kk ds fy;s dqN ?kksM+ksa dks HkSl dk nw/k fiyk;k] ftlls ?kksM+s [kwc eksVs gks x;sa ijarq tc unh ikj djus dk dke iM+k] rc os ?kksM+s ikuh es cSB x;sA HkSal ikuh esa cSBk djrh gS] blfy;s ogh LoHkko ?kksM+ksa esa Hkh vk x;kA

ÅaVuh dk nw/k Hkh fudyrk gS] ij ml nw/k dk ngh] eD[ku gksrk gh ughaA mldk nw/k rkelh gksusls nqxZfr esa ys tkusokyk gksrk gSA Le`fr;ksa esa ÅaV] dqrs] x/ks vkfn dks vLi`'; crk;k x;k gSa] cdjh dk nw/k uhjksx djus okyk ,oa ipus esa gydk gksrk gS] ij og xk; ds nw/k dh rjg cqf)o/kZd vkSj lkfRod ckr le>us ds fy, cy nsus okyk ugha gksrk A

xk; ds nw/k ls fudyk ?kh ̂ve`r* dgykrk gSA LoxZ dh vIljk moZ'kh jktk iq:jok ds ikl x;h rks mlus ve`r dh txg xk; dk ?kh ihuk gh Lohdkj fd;k&

^?k`ra es ohj Hk{;a L;kr~*

u;k ?kh&Hkkstu] riZ.k] ifjJe] cyghurk] ikaMq] deyk rFkk us= jksxksa esa ve`r tSlk A iqjkuk ?kh&f=nks"k uk'kd] ewPNkZ] dq"B] fo"k] mUekn] fexhZ ,oa eksfr;kfcan nwj djus esa l{keA;K esa xkS?k`r ds lkFk pkoy dh vkgqrh nsus ls bZFkhyhu vkDlkbM] izksihyhu vkDlkbM vkSj QkjeSYMhgkbM xSlsa mRiUu gksrh gSA xkS?k`r ls ;K djus ls vkWDlhtu curh gSA?kh uO; ds :i esa iz;ksx djsa rks efLr"d ds lHkh jksx feV tkrs gSaA tSls ljnnZ] ekbZxzsu] vfunzk] Lej.k'kfDr de gksuk] lnhZ&tqdke vkfn dQ ds lHkh 40 jksx feV tkrs gSaAxkS?k`r us=ksa ds fy, fgrdkjh] vfXuiznhid] f=nks"k uk'kd] cyo/kZd] vk;qo/kZd] jlk;u] lqxa/k;qDr] e/kqj] 'khry] lqanj vkSj mÙke gksrk gSA xkS?k`r ân; jksfx;ksa ds fy, mÙke vkS"k/k A xks?k`r ds lsou ls dkWysLVªky ugha c<+rk D;ksafd blesa gkbZ MsaflVh fy;ksizksVhu gksrk gSA

vr% blds lsou ls ân; ij dksbZ cqjk izHkko ugha iM+rk gS cfYd ân; cfy"B gksrk gSA :lh oSKkfud f'kjksfo; ds 'kks/k ds vuqlkj xk; ds ?kh esa euq"; 'kjhj esa igqaps jsfM;ks/kehZ fdj.kksa dk izHkko u"V djus dh vlhe 'kfDr gSA

xkSew= ls dSalj] ân;jksx] jDrpki] nek] e/kqesg] peZjksx] fdMuh] eksVkik] L=hjksx vkfn tSls vlk/; jksxksa dks Hkh Bhd djus esa iw.kZ lQyrk feyh gSA xkSew= 'kjhj esa O;kIr fo"k dks u"V djrk gSA 'kjhj esa lQsn jDr dksf'kdkvksa dh o`f) dj jksx izfrjks/kd {kerk c<+krk gSA vesfjdk }kjk fy, x, xkSew= isVsaV dk uke QkekZL;qfVdy dEiksft'ku dUVsfuax dkm ;wfju] fMLVhysV ,aM ,u ,afVck;ksfVd gS ftldk uacj 6410059 gSA vesfjdh oSKkfud ØkdksM gsfeYVu us vk/kqfud foKku dks ;g fl) dj fn;k gS fd xksew= ds mi;ksx ls ân; jksx dks Bhd fd;k tk ldrk gSA MkW- lhelZ us xkSew= ls jDr cgus okyh ukfM+;ksa dks uqdlkunk;d dhVk.kqvksa ls eqDr djus dk nkok fd;k gSA xksew= vdZ ls dSalj dk mipkj djus dk rjhdk vesfjdk us isVsaV djok fy;k gSA oSKkfudksa dk ekuuk gS fd xksew= ls gkbZMªkstu lcls 'kq) :i esa izkIr gks ldrh gS Atks fd Hkfo"; dk baZ/ku gS vkSj fcuk iznw"k.k ds tyrk gSA blh ds lkFk os ;g Hkh Lohdkj djrs gSa fd vxj fo'o dks dksbZ ;g gkbZMªkstu ns ldrk gS rks og Hkkjr jk"Vª gh gSA xkSew= esa rklz gksrk gS tks ekuo 'kjhj esa Lo.kZ ds :i esa ifjofrZr gks tkrk gSA xkSew= dhVuk'kd gksus ls okrkoj.k dks 'kq) djrk gS vkSj tehu dh moZjk 'kfDr dks c<+krk gSA xkSew= f=nks"k uk'kd gS] fdarq fiÙk fuekZ.k djrk gSA ysfdu dkyh xk; dk ew= fiÙk uk'kd gksrk gSA

jkst losjs ty fi,sa] Hkkstu ds lax NkN Anw/k fi,sa fQj jkr dks] jksx u vkos ikl AA

vr% blds lsou ls ân; ij dksbZ cqjk izHkko ugha iM+rk gS cfYd ân; cfy"B gksrk gSA :lh oSKkfud f'kjksfo; ds 'kks/k ds vuqlkj xk; ds ?kh esa euq"; 'kjhj esa igqaps jsfM;ks/kehZ fdj.kksa dk izHkko u"V djus dh vlhe 'kfDr gSA

xkSew= ls dSalj] ân;jksx] jDrpki] nek] e/kqesg] peZjksx] fdMuh] eksVkik] L=hjksx vkfn tSls vlk/; jksxksa dks Hkh Bhd djus esa iw.kZ lQyrk feyh gSA xkSew= 'kjhj esa O;kIr fo"k dks u"V djrk gSA 'kjhj esa lQsn jDr dksf'kdkvksa dh o`f) dj jksx izfrjks/kd {kerk c<+krk gSA vesfjdk }kjk fy, x, xkSew= isVsaV dk uke QkekZL;qfVdy dEiksft'ku dUVsfuax dkm ;wfju] fMLVhysV ,aM ,u ,afVck;ksfVd gS ftldk uacj 6410059 gSA vesfjdh oSKkfud ØkdksM gsfeYVu us vk/kqfud foKku dks ;g fl) dj fn;k gS fd xksew= ds mi;ksx ls ân; jksx dks Bhd fd;k tk ldrk gSA MkW- lhelZ us xkSew= ls jDr cgus okyh ukfM+;ksa dks uqdlkunk;d dhVk.kqvksa ls eqDr djus dk nkok fd;k gSA xksew= vdZ ls dSalj dk mipkj djus dk rjhdk vesfjdk us isVsaV djok fy;k gSA oSKkfudksa dk ekuuk gS fd xksew= ls gkbZMªkstu lcls 'kq) :i esa izkIr gks ldrh gS Atks fd Hkfo"; dk baZ/ku gS vkSj fcuk iznw"k.k ds tyrk gSA blh ds lkFk os ;g Hkh Lohdkj djrs gSa fd vxj fo'o dks dksbZ ;g gkbZMªkstu ns ldrk gS rks og Hkkjr jk"Vª gh gSA xkSew= esa rklz gksrk gS tks ekuo 'kjhj esa Lo.kZ ds :i esa ifjofrZr gks tkrk gSA xkSew= dhVuk'kd gksus ls okrkoj.k dks 'kq) djrk gS vkSj tehu dh moZjk 'kfDr dks c<+krk gSA xkSew= f=nks"k uk'kd gS] fdarq fiÙk fuekZ.k djrk gSA ysfdu dkyh xk; dk ew= fiÙk uk'kd gksrk gSA

jkst losjs ty fi,sa] Hkkstu ds lax NkN Anw/k fi,sa fQj jkr dks] jksx u vkos ikl AA

i`Foh ij dqN ve`r gS rks xm?k`ri`Foh ij dqN ve`r gS rks xm?k`r

xkSew= /kuoarjhxkSew= /kuoarjh

37 38

'kjhj ds 95 izfr'kr jksx vkek'k; ds fodkj] jksx&dhVk.kq] ok;q vkSj v.kql`f"V ls mRiUu gksrs gSaA bu lc foifÙk;ksa dks Vkyus dh 'kfDr nw/k&ngh dh v.kql`f"V esa gSA nw/k&ngh esa mÙke izdkj ds iks"k.k inkFkZ ¼v.kq½ vf/kd ek=k esa gSA iSarhl cw¡n nw/k ¼1 D;wfcd lsaVhehVj½ esa 5 ls 10 yk[k vkSj NkN esa 5 ls 10 djksM+ iks"kd v.kq jgrs gSaA budk mi;ksx jksxk.kqvksa dks ekj Hkxkuk gSA lHkh nw/k ngh esa ,d gh izdkj ds mÙke v.kq ugha gksrs gSaA blfy;s tks Hkh nw/k&ngh feys mls ihuk Bhd ugha gSA nw/k&ngh] muds crZuksa dh rFkk okrkoj.k vkfn dh lQkbZ dk fo'ks"k /;ku j[kuk vko';d gSA nw/k&ngh&NkN esa tks v.kqfötd ewY; gksrs og fo'ks"k :ils ^ySfDVd ,flM cSDVhfj;k* rFkk ^cslfyl cYxsfjd~l tkfr ds gSaA muesa thouj{kd rRo gksrk gSA nwljs izdkj ds v.kqthoksa ds izos'k ls ngh [kV~Vk gks tkrk gS] xa/k] jax] Lokn esa fodkj mRiUu gks tkrk gSA fcuk rik;k nw/k ?kaVksa rd iM+k jgk rks mlesa gok] /kwy] izdk'k vkfn ds dkj.k gkfudkjd ifjorZu gksrk gSA rktk ;k /kkjks".k nw/k esa v.kqfötksa dh cgqyrk jgrh gS vr% og ngh tekus ds fy;s vPNk gksrk gSA nw/k dks ean vk¡p ij mcky yksA fQj BaMk djds ¼xquxquk½ mlesa fiNys fnu dk lkQ ngh tkeu ds :i esa 1 izfr'kr ¼tkM+s ds fnu esa 2 izfr'kr½ Mkydj mls vPNh rjg fgykdj NksM+ nsaA dk¡p ds crZu esa ngh vPNk ugha terkA feV~Vh ds crZu vkn'kZ gksrs gSa fdUrq mudh lQkbZ Bhd ls ugha gks ikrhA tks ngh ,d leku gks] ikuh u NwVk gks] Qqndh u iM+h gks] Lokn esa [kV~Vk ehBk gks og ngh ykHk djrk gSA ngh esa T;knk ty Mkyus ij NkN dk iks"k.k ewY; ?kVsxkA gok] izdk'k] /kwi vkSj /kwa,s ls mlds vfuok;Z lw{e rRo ?kVsaxsA ngh ls Jh[k.M] dslhu] cqduh] NkN curs gSa] fdUrq vkU=jksxksa dks ykHk igqapkus okys xq.k dsoy ngh vkSj NkN esa gh jgrs gSaA

Hkkjrh; laLd`fr esa xkS dks ifo= ekuk x;k gS rFkk xks dks ekrk dk ntkZ fn;k x;k gSA 'kkL=ksa esa xks rFkk xkS ls izkIr inkFkksZa dk fo'ks"k egRo gSA viuh ek¡ dk nw/k u feyk gks rks uUgsa f'k'kq dks xk; dk nw/k nsrs gSaA bl nw/k esa lRoxq.k gksrk gS rFkk og nh?kkZ;q iznku djrk gSA blesa pjch (Fat) de gksrh gSA ;g nw/k gesa papy vkSj m|ksxh cukrk gSA xk; dk nw/k fiÙknks"k dks de djrk gSA

'kjhj ds 95 izfr'kr jksx vkek'k; ds fodkj] jksx&dhVk.kq] ok;q vkSj v.kql`f"V ls mRiUu gksrs gSaA bu lc foifÙk;ksa dks Vkyus dh 'kfDr nw/k&ngh dh v.kql`f"V esa gSA nw/k&ngh esa mÙke izdkj ds iks"k.k inkFkZ ¼v.kq½ vf/kd ek=k esa gSA iSarhl cw¡n nw/k ¼1 D;wfcd lsaVhehVj½ esa 5 ls 10 yk[k vkSj NkN esa 5 ls 10 djksM+ iks"kd v.kq jgrs gSaA budk mi;ksx jksxk.kqvksa dks ekj Hkxkuk gSA lHkh nw/k ngh esa ,d gh izdkj ds mÙke v.kq ugha gksrs gSaA blfy;s tks Hkh nw/k&ngh feys mls ihuk Bhd ugha gSA nw/k&ngh] muds crZuksa dh rFkk okrkoj.k vkfn dh lQkbZ dk fo'ks"k /;ku j[kuk vko';d gSA nw/k&ngh&NkN esa tks v.kqfötd ewY; gksrs og fo'ks"k :ils ^ySfDVd ,flM cSDVhfj;k* rFkk ^cslfyl cYxsfjd~l tkfr ds gSaA muesa thouj{kd rRo gksrk gSA nwljs izdkj ds v.kqthoksa ds izos'k ls ngh [kV~Vk gks tkrk gS] xa/k] jax] Lokn esa fodkj mRiUu gks tkrk gSA fcuk rik;k nw/k ?kaVksa rd iM+k jgk rks mlesa gok] /kwy] izdk'k vkfn ds dkj.k gkfudkjd ifjorZu gksrk gSA rktk ;k /kkjks".k nw/k esa v.kqfötksa dh cgqyrk jgrh gS vr% og ngh tekus ds fy;s vPNk gksrk gSA nw/k dks ean vk¡p ij mcky yksA fQj BaMk djds ¼xquxquk½ mlesa fiNys fnu dk lkQ ngh tkeu ds :i esa 1 izfr'kr ¼tkM+s ds fnu esa 2 izfr'kr½ Mkydj mls vPNh rjg fgykdj NksM+ nsaA dk¡p ds crZu esa ngh vPNk ugha terkA feV~Vh ds crZu vkn'kZ gksrs gSa fdUrq mudh lQkbZ Bhd ls ugha gks ikrhA tks ngh ,d leku gks] ikuh u NwVk gks] Qqndh u iM+h gks] Lokn esa [kV~Vk ehBk gks og ngh ykHk djrk gSA ngh esa T;knk ty Mkyus ij NkN dk iks"k.k ewY; ?kVsxkA gok] izdk'k] /kwi vkSj /kwa,s ls mlds vfuok;Z lw{e rRo ?kVsaxsA ngh ls Jh[k.M] dslhu] cqduh] NkN curs gSa] fdUrq vkU=jksxksa dks ykHk igqapkus okys xq.k dsoy ngh vkSj NkN esa gh jgrs gSaA

Hkkjrh; laLd`fr esa xkS dks ifo= ekuk x;k gS rFkk xks dks ekrk dk ntkZ fn;k x;k gSA 'kkL=ksa esa xks rFkk xkS ls izkIr inkFkksZa dk fo'ks"k egRo gSA viuh ek¡ dk nw/k u feyk gks rks uUgsa f'k'kq dks xk; dk nw/k nsrs gSaA bl nw/k esa lRoxq.k gksrk gS rFkk og nh?kkZ;q iznku djrk gSA blesa pjch

de gksrh gSA ;g nw/k gesa papy vkSj m|ksxh cukrk gSA xk; dk nw/k fiÙknks"k dks de djrk gSA(Fat)

nf/k & foKkunf/k & foKku Hkkjrh; laLd`fr esa HkSal dks ifo= ugha ekuk x;k gS rFkk 'kkL=fof/k esa mldk dksbZ egRo ugha gSaA viuh ek¡ dk nw/k u feyrk gks rks uUgsa f'k'kq dks xk; dk nw/k nsrs gSa] HkSal dk ughaA bl nw/k esa reksxq.k gksrk gS rFkk og nh?kkZ;q iznku ugha djrkA blesa pchZ (Fat) T;knk gksrh gSA ;g nw/k gesa vkylh vkSj vuq|ksxh cukrk gSA HkSal dk nw/k dQnks"k dks c<+krk gSA

Hkkjrh; laLd`fr esa HkSal dks ifo= ugha ekuk x;k gS rFkk 'kkL=fof/k esa mldk dksbZ egRo ugha gSaA viuh ek¡ dk nw/k u feyrk gks rks uUgsa f'k'kq dks xk; dk nw/k nsrs gSa] HkSal dk ughaA bl nw/k esa reksxq.k gksrk gS rFkk og nh?kkZ;q iznku ugha djrkA blesa pchZ T;knk gksrh gSA ;g nw/k gesa vkylh vkSj vuq|ksxh cukrk gSA HkSal dk nw/k dQnks"k dks c<+krk gSA

(Fat)

dkuwu tkfu, vkSj xkS oa'k cpkb, !dkuwu tkfu, vkSj xkS oa'k cpkb, !lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 48 esa xkS oa'k dk o/k jksdus gsrq dsUnz o jkT; ljdkjksa dks funsZ'k A

dsUnzh; dkuwuHkkjrh; naM lafgrk (I.P.C.) dh /kkjk&429 esa i'kq o/k djuk] mls fo"k nsuk] viax vFkok vuqi;ksxh cukuk naMuh; vijk/k gSA naM&nks o"kZ rd dk dkjkokl rFkk vFkZnaM AHkkjrh; naM izfØ;k lafgrk (Cr.P.C.) dh /kkjk&154 esa laKs; vijk/k dh izFke lwpuk ¼jiV½ ntZ djuk iqfyl vf/kdkjh ds fy, vfuok;Z A

jkT;ksa ds xkS j{kk dkuwuvle i'kq ifj{k.k vf/kfu;e] 1950 /kkjk 5&14 o"kZ ls vf/kd vk;q vFkok {kfr] vaxHkax vFkok vlk/; jksx ds dkj.k vuqi;ksxh gq, i'kq vFkkZr xk;] lkaM] cSy] cfN;k] HkSal vkSj HkSalk dk o/k rnFkZ fcuk izek.k i= izkIr gksus ij vuqekU;A izko/kku ds mYya?ku ij N% ekg rd dk dkjkokl vFkok 1]000 :- rd dk vFkZ n.M Avka/kz izns'k xkso/k izfr"ks/k rFkk i'kq laj{k.k vf/kfu;e] 1977&vle vf/kfu;e ds leku izko/kku Afcgkj i'kq laj{k.k ,oa lq/kkj vf/kfu;e] 1955 ¼la'kksf/kr&1982½ /kkjk 3] 44¼1½&lHkh vk;q dh xk;ksa] cfN;k&cNM+ksa ds o/k ij izfrca/k] 15 o"kZ ls de vk;q ds cSyksa o lkaMksa ds o/k ij izfrca/k A xksoa'k dks fcgkj jkT; ls ckgj ys tkus ij Hkh izfr"ks/k A izko/kkuksa ds mYya?ku ds fy, N% ekg rd dk dkjkokl rFkk 1000 :- rd dk vFkZn.M ANÙkhlx<+ d`f"kd i'kq laj{k.k vf/kfu;e] 2004 /kkjk 4]5]6]8]10 o 11 fdlh Hkh vk;q dh xk;] cNM+k] cfN;k] ikaMk] ifM;k vkSj lkaM ;k cSy o vU; d`f"kd i'kqvksa ds o/k dk izfr"ks/k A d`f"kd i'kqvksa dk Ø;&foØ; ftyk dysDVj ls vuqKk i= ysdj gh A izko/kkuksa ds mYya?ku ij 7 o"kZ rd dk dkjkokl rFkk 50]000 :- rd dk vFkZn.M] fdUrq dkjkokl 3 o"kZ ls de ugha vkSj vFkZn.M] 25]000 :- ls de ugha A

39 40

fnYyh d`f"kd i'kq laj{k.k vf/kfu;e 1994 /kkjk 4]5&xksoa'k o/k ij iw.kZ izfrcU/k] o/k ds fy, xksoa'k ds fu;kZr o ifjogu ij izfrca/k A izko/kku ds mYya?ku ij ikap o"kZ rd dk dkjkokl rFkk 10]000 :- rd dk vFkZn.M A /kkjk 8]9&fnYyh esa o/k fd, x, xksoa'k dk ekal dCts esa j[kus ij izfrca/kA izko/kkuksa ds mYya?ku ij ,d o"kZ rd dk dkjkokl vFkok 2]000 :- rd dk vFkZn.M A

xksok] neu rFkk nho xkso/k izfr"ks/k vf/kfu;e 1978 /kkjk 3] 5&xk;] cfN;k o cNM+s ds o/k ij izfrcU/k] xkS ekal rFkk xkS ekal mRikn ds foØ; ij izfrcU/k A mYya?ku vFkok mYya?ku ds iz;kl ds fy, 2 o"kZ rd dk dkjkokl o 1]000 :- rd dk vFkZn.M ;k nksuksa A

xqtjkr i'kq ifjj{k.k vf/kfu;e] 1961] eqEcbZ i'kq laj{k.k vf/kfu;e] 1994 la'kks/ku lfgr foLrkfjr /kkjk 5 o 8&xksoa'k o/k ij iq.kZ izfrcU/k A xksoa'k o/k ij 6 ekg rd dk dkjkokl rFkk 1]000 :- rd dk vFkZn.M A

iatkc xkso/k izfr"ks/k vf/kfu;e] 1955 /kkjk 3]4¼,½ o 5&xksoa'k o/k djus] fcuk ijfeV jkT; ds ckgj ys tkus] xkS ekal mRikn dh fcØh djus@djokus ij nks o"kZ rd dk dBksj dkjkokl vFkok 1]000 :- rd dk vFkZn.M rFkk nksuksa A

fgekpy izns'k&iatkc xkso/k izfr"ks/k vf/kfu;e] 1955 iw.kZ:is.k ykxw gS A

gfj;k.kk xkso/k izfr"ks/k vf/kfu;e 1980 ¼iatkc xkso/k izfr"ks/k vf/kfu;e fuEu of.kZr la'kks/kuksa ds lkFk ykxw ½ /kkjk 4 ¼[k½&xksoa'k dks ,sls jkT; esa ys tkus gsrq ijfeV ugha fn;k tk;sxk A ftlesa xksoa'k o/k ij iw.kZr% izfrca/k gks A /kkjk 8 ds izko/kkuksa ds mYya?ku ds fy, 5 o"kZ rd dk dBksj dkjkokl rFkk 5]000 :- rd dk vFkZn.M A

tEew d'ehj&j.kohj naM lafgrk] 1932 laor 1989 fo-/kkjk 298,&xksoa'k o/k djus ij 10 o"kZ rd dk dkjkokl rFkk vFkZn.M A /kkjk 298 ch&xkS ekal dCts esa j[kus ij ,d o"kZ rd dk dkjkokl rFkk 5]000 :- rd dk vFkZn.M A

>kj[kaM xksoa'kh; i'kq gR;k izfr"ks/k vf/kfu;e] 2005&/kkjk 3]4]5]6 o 7 xksoa'kh; i'kq dh gR;k] gR;k ds fy;s ifjogu fcuk ijfeV fu;kZr xksekal dCts esa j[kus vFkok foØ; djus ij de ls de ,d o"kZ rFkk vf/kdre nl o"kZ rd dk dBksj dkjkokl rFkk 10]000 :- rd dk vFkZn.M A

dukZVd xkso/k izfr"ks/k rFkk i'kq laj{k.k vf/kfu;e] 1964 /kkjk 4&xk;] cfN;k] cNM+s ds o/k dk izfr"ks/k A /kkjk 5&12 o"kZ ls vf/kd vk;q ;k pksV] vaxHkax ;k vU; dkj.k ls vuqi;ksxh gq, lkaM] cSy] HkSal vFkok HkSals dk o/k ds

fy, l{ke vf/kdkjh }kjk izek.k i= ysdj vuqeU;A o/k ds fy, ifjogu rFkk Ø;&foØ; dk izfr"ks/kA mYya?ku ds fy, 6 ekl rd dk dkjkokl ;k 1000 :- rd dk vFkZn.M A

e/; izns'k xksoa'k o/k izfr"ks/k vf/kfu;e] 2004 /kkjk 9 naM&/kkjk 4]5 o 6&xksoa'k o/k] xksekal dCts esa j[kus] o/k ds fy, ifjogu dk izfr"ks/kA mYya?ku ds fy;s 3 o"kZ rd dk dkjkokl ;k :i;s 10]000 :- rd dk vFkZn.M A egkjk"Vª i'kq ifjj{k.k vf/kfu;e] 1977 ¼1992 rd la'kksf/kr½ /kkjk 4]6 rFkk 9&xk; o cfN;k] cNM+s dk o/k dk izfr"ks/k] 14 o"kZ ls vf/kd vk;q ds vFkok vuqi;ksxh gq, lkaM ;k cSy] ;fn mls tkucw>dj vuqi;ksxh u cuk;k x;k gks] dk o/k l{ke vf/kdkjh ls rnFkZ izek.k i= ysdj vuqeU;A mYya?ku ij nks o"kZ rd dk dBksj dkjkokl ;k :- 1]000 rd dk vFkZn.M A

mM+hlk xkso/k izfr"ks/k vf/kfu;e] 1960 /kkjk 3 ,] 3 ch rFkk 7 ¼1½&xk;] cfN;k] cNM+s ds o/k dk izfr"ks/k] 14 o"kZ ls vf/kd vk;q ds vFkok vuqi;ksxh gq, lkaM ;k cSy] ;fn mls tkucw>dj vuqi;ksxh u cuk;k x;k gks] dk o/k l{ke vf/kdkjh ls rnFkZ izek.k i= ysdj vuqeU;A mYya?ku ij nks o"kZ rd dk dBksj dkjkokl ;k # 1]000 :- rd dk vFkZn.M A

ikafMpsjh xkso/k izfr"ks/k vf/kfu;e] 1968 /kkjk 3&xkso/k dk izfr"ks/k] cSy ds o/k fu"ks/k dk izko/kku] naM o vFkZn.M mM+hlk ds leku A

jktLFkku xksoa'kh; i'kq dk o/k dk izfr"ks/k vkSj vLFkk;h izoztu ;k fu;kZr dk fofu;eu vf/kfu;e] 1995 /kkjk 3]4]5]6]8 ¼1½] o ¼2½&xksoa'k dk izfr"ks/k] xkS ekal rFkk xkS ekal mRikn j[kus] foØ; djus dk o/k ds fy;s xksoa'k ds ifjogu djus rFkk fcuk ijfeV xksoa'k dks jkT; ds ckgj ys tkus dk izfr"ks/k A /kkjk 3&ds mYya?ku ij de ls de ,d o"kZ vU;Fkk nl o"kZ rd dk dBksj dkjkokl rFkk 10]000 :i;s rd dk vFkZn.M A /kkjk 4 ;k 5 ds mYya?ku ds fy;s de ls de 6 ekl vU;Fkk 6 o"kZ rd dk dBksj dkjkokl rFkk 5]000 :- rd dk vFkZn.M A

rfeyukMq i'kq laj{k.k vf/kfu;e] 1958 /kkjk 4 ¼1½ o /kkjk 8&10 lky ls vf/kd vk;q ds vFkok vuqi;ksxh gq, xk;] cSy] lkaM] HkSal] HkSals dk o/k l{ke vf/kdkjh ls rnFkZ izek.k i= ysdj vuqeU; A mYya?ku ij rhu o"kZ rd dk dkjkokl ;k 1]000 :- rd dk vFkZn.M A

mRrjizns'k xkso/k fuokj.k vf/kfu;e] 1955 la'kksf/kr&2002 /kkjk 3] 5] 5, o 8&xksoa'k o/k dk iw.kZ izfr"ks/k A xksekal dh fcØh vFkok ifjogu ij izfr"ks/k A fcuk ijfeV xksoa'k dks jkT; ls ckgj ys tkus ij izfr"ks/k mYya?ku ij 7 o"kZ rd dk dBksj dkjkokl rFkk 10]000 :- rd dk vFkZn.M A

mÙkjk[k.M xksoa'k laj{k.k vf/kfu;e] 2007 /kkjk 3&xk; rFkk xksoa'k ds o/k dk izfr"ks/k A /kkjk 5&xkS ekal mRikn j[kus] cspus o ifjgou djus ij izfr"ks/k A /kkjk 6&fcuk ijfeV xksoa'k dks jkT; ds ckgj ys tkus ij izfr"ks/k A /kkjk 3 ;k 5&mYya?ku ij U;wure 3 o"kZ ,oa vf/kdre 10 o"kZ dk dBksj dkjkokl rFkk U;wure 5000 :- rFkk vf/kdre 10]000 :- vFkZn.MA /kkjk 6&mYya?ku ds fy,

41 42

Hkkjrh; laLd`fr dk ewyk/kkj xks&ekrk gh gS vkSj xkS&lsok ls /keZ] vFkZ] dke vkSj eks{k bu pkjksa iq#"kkFkkZsa dh izkfIr gksrh gSAizHkq&izkfIr ds mRre ekxksZa esa xkSekrk dh lsok Hkh ,d ekxZ gSA

^^xksd`rs L=hd`rs pSo xq#foizd`rs·fiok AâU;Urs rq jktsUnz 'kdqysda oztfUrrs A**

vFkkZr~&xk; dh j{kk] vcyk L=h dh j{kk] xq# dh j{kk vkSj czkã.k dh j{kk ds fy;s tks izk.k ns nsrs gSa&os euq"; LoxZ ds vf/kdkjh cu tkrs gSa A ¼egkHkkjr vkjo oS".ko½

jkr gks ;k fnu( vPNk le; gks ;k cqjk] fdruk gh cM+k Hk; D;ksa u mifLFkr gqvk gks] ;fn euq"; fuEu 'yksdksa dk euu djrk gS] rks lc izdkj ds Hk; ls eqDr gks tkrk gS A

^^xkoks ekeqifr"BUr gse'kax;% i;kseqp% AlqjH;%lkSjHks¸;'p lfjr% lkxja ;Fkk AAxkoS i';kE;ga fuR;a xo% i';Urq eka lnk Axkoks vLekda rklk;rks xkoLrrks o;e AA**

vFkkZr %& tSls ufn;ka leqnz ds ikl tkrh gS] mlh izdkj Lo.kZ tM+s lhaxksaokyh] nw/korh lqjHkh ,oa lqjHkh; xk;sa esjs fudV vkosaA eSa lnk xkSvksa dk n'kZu d:¡ vkSj xkSekrk eq>ij d`ik n`f"V djsaA xk;sa esjh gS vkSj eSa xk;ksa dk gw¡] tgk¡] xk;sa jgs] ogk¡ eSa Hkh jgw¡ A ¼egkHkkjr] vuq-78@23&24

tks euq"; xks&xzkl dk ozr ¼iz.k½ ysdj izfrfnu Hkkstu ls iwoZ xkSvksa dks xks xzkl nsrk gS rFkk 'kkUr vkSj fuyksZHk gksdj lnk lR;oknh jgrk gS] og ,d lgó xk;&nku ds iq.; dk Hkkxh gksrk gS A

xks xzkl nsus dk Qyxks xzkl nsus dk Qy

bZ'oj izkfIr dk ekxZbZ'oj izkfIr dk ekxZ

izk.k &nkuh dh ln~xfrizk.k &nkuh dh ln~xfr

fdlh Hkh Hkkafr dk rhu o"kZ rd dk dkjkokl rFkk U;wure 2000 :- rFkk vf/kdre 2500 :- vFkZn.M A

if'pe caxky i'kqo/k fu;a=.k vf/kfu;e % 1950 /kkjk 4 ¼1½] 4 ¼2½] 4 ¼3½] 7&14 o"kZ ls Åij dh vk;q rFkk vuqi;ksxh gksus ij xk;] cSy] lkaM] HkSal] HkSalksa dk o/k l{ke vf/kdkjh ls rnFkZ izek.k i= ysdj vuqeU; A izko/kku ds mYya?ku ds fy, 6 ekl rd dk dkjkokl ;k 1000 :- dk vFkZn.M ;k nksuksa

fuHkZ; & eU=fuHkZ; & eU=

ftl O;fDr ds ikl Jk) djus ds fy, dqN Hkh u gks] og ;fn firjksa dk /;ku djds J)k iwoZd xÅ ekrk dks ?kkl f[kyk ns] rks mls Jk) dk Qy fey tkrk gSA & ^^r`.kkfu ok xos n|r~A**

tks euq"; izfrfnu tkS vkfn }kjk xk; dh vpZuk djrk gS mlds firj vkSj nsork lnk r`Ir jgrs gSaA tks lnkpkjh O;fDr fu;eiwoZd izfrfnu xk;ksa dks f[kykrk gS] og bl lPps /keZ ds ekxZ ls lkjs euksjFkksa dks izkIr djrk gSA tks O;fDr xk;ksa ds 'kjhj ls xUnxh] ePNj] eD[kh vkfn dks gVk nsrk gS] og Lo;a ,oa mlds iwoZt d`rkFkZ gksrs gSa rFkk vkufUnr gksrs gSa fd ;g HkkX;'kkyh lUrku gekjk m)kj dj nsxh A** blfy;s xk;ksa dks dHkh ghu n`f"V ls u ns[ksa] ekjuk rks cgqr nwj dh ckr gS A

mfpr lsok vkSj O;ogkj ikdj xk; lnk 'kfDrHkj nw/k nsrh gSA xk; nw/k nsuk de dj ns rks dkj.k dh [kkst djuh pkfg;s A tks dkj.k feys mldk vkS"kf/k vkfn ls mfpr mipkj djsaA nw/k c<+kus ds vizkd`frd vkS"kf/k;ksa&Vhdksa vkfn ls xk; ds Hkhrjh vaxksa ij ncko iM+rk gS] mldk LokLF; Hkh fcxM+ tkrk gSA1- lcls cf<+;k rks ;g gS fd xk; ml lk¡M ls c/kkZ;h tk;] ftldh eka cgqr

nw/k nsus okyh gks ,oa ftldh dqy ijEijk (Pedigree) Kkr gks A2- ;fn xk; us ?kcjkus] Mjus ;k LFkku ifjorZu ds dkj.k nw/k de dj fn;k gks rks

mls iqpdkjdj] :fpdj lkuh f[kykdj 'kkjhfjd ,oa ekufld 'kkfUr dh vuqHkwfr djkus ls og igys tSlk nw/k nsus yxsxh A

3- xk; dks nwgrs le; laxhr lqukus ls og vf/kd nq/k nsus yxrh gSA bl ckr dks vk/kqfud fo}ku Hkh ekurs gSaa Hkxoku d`".k dh eueksfguh eqjyh ds fy;s xk;ksa esa fdruk vkd"kZ.k jgrk FkkA bl ckr dks lHkh tkurs gSaA ;wjksi dh lEiUu xkS'kkykvksa esa laxhr dk izca/k jgrk gSA

4- xsgwa ;k tkS dk iryk nfy;k jka/kdj xqM+ feykdj _rq vuqlkj BaMk ;k xje f[kykus ls nw/k c<+ tkrk gS vkSj xk; dks 'kkjhfjd 'kfDr nsrk gSA

5- nwc ?kkl] lsÅ¡] Xokj] ljlksa] eVj vkSj 'kyte vkfn dk gjk pkjk le;kuqlkj xk;ksa dks nsaA usfi;j vkSj gyhe?kkl Hkh cf<+;k uhju¼pkjk½ gSA yluZ vkSj cjlhe tkM+ksa esa cgqr ykHkdj gSA

6- xktj dks mckydj vkSj xqM+ feykdj f[kykus ls nw/k [kwc c<+rk gSA 7- Tokj dh gjh pqjh iwjh ek=k esa ;fn nh tk;s rks vU; pkjs&nkus dh vko';drk

gh ugha A8- elwj ;k vjgj dh nky dks mckydj xqM+ feykdj 10&15 fnu nsus ls nw/k c<+

tkrk gSA

Jk) dk QyJk) dk Qy

xks lsok ls firj & izlUurkxks lsok ls firj & izlUurk

nw/k c<+kus ds <axnw/k c<+kus ds <ax

43 44

4- xsgwa ;k tkS dk iryk nfy;k jka/kdj xqM+ feykdj _rq vuqlkj BaMk ;k

xje f[kykus ls nw/k c<+ tkrk gS vkSj xk; dks 'kkjhfjd 'kfDr nsrk gSA

5- nwc ?kkl] lsš] Xokj] ljlksa] eVj vkSj 'kyte vkfn dk gjk pkjk le;kuqlkj

xk;ksa dks nsaA usfi;j vkSj gyhe?kkl Hkh cf<+;k uhju¼pkjk½ gSA yluZ vkSj

cjlhe tkM+ksa esa cgqr ykHkdj gSA

6- xktj dks mckydj vkSj xqM+ feykdj f[kykus ls nw/k [kwc c<+rk gSA

7- Tokj dh gjh pqjh iwjh ek=k esa ;fn nh tk;s rks vU; pkjs&nkus dh vko';drk

gh ugha A

8- elwj ;k vjgj dh nky dks mckydj xqM+ feykdj 10&15 fnu nsus ls nw/k c<+

tkrk gSA

9- xfeZ;ksa esa nw/k nqgus ls iwoZ xk; dks ugyk nsaA blls 'khryrk ikdj xk; iwjk nw/k

nsrh gSA

10-;fn vipu ds dkj.k nw/k de gks x;k gks rks iihrs ds ,d dPps Qy rFkk n k s

iRrksa dh pVuh ihldj xqM+ ;k 'khjk vkSj xsgwa dk vuNuk vkVk feykdj yqxnh

¼isM+h½ ds :i esa izfrfnu ,d ckj N% lkr fnu rd yxkrkj f[kykosaA blls nw/k

dh ek=k esa o`f) gksxh A

vkSDlhVksflu ¼nw/k ds Vhds½ ls xk; dks cka> u cukosa %&

pkSik;ksa ds Fkuksa esa vcls gh ugha ekalis'kh gksrh gS ftlls os bPNkuqlkj nw/k p<+k

ysrh gSA tks cNM+s dh eerk ;k Vhds ls mrj vkrk gSA ;g Vhdk xHkkZ'k; vkSj tsj

izfØ;k dks nqcZy dj nsrk gSA xkHku dsfMEc vkSj xHkZ dks u"V Hkz"V dj nsrk gS]

/khjs&/khjs cka> gks tkrh gSA nw/k ihus okys ij Hkh bl Vhds dk dqizHkko gksrk gS]

mldks Øks/k&vkos'k vkus yxrk gS] xHkZorh L=h ds fy, vfr gkfudkjd gSA

Vhds dk fodYi %& 6 'kfDr dh ,xszl dSDVl ¼gksE;ksiSfFkd½ dh 10&15

cwan crk'ks esa Mkydj nsrs jgus ls fQj dHkh Vhds dh vko';drk gh ugha jgrh A

xk; Lo;a gh nwgrs le; nw/k mrkjrh jgsxh Av

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2700

4320

Hkwfe

ftlds

fy;s

i;kZIr

gS

¼,dM+½

Hkwfe

ftlds

fy;s

i;kZIr

gS

¼,dM+½

6,d

M+

13-5

22-56

,dM+

13-5

22-5

vfrfjDr

[kkn l

sokf"kZd

vk;

¼:-½

vfrfjDr

[kkn l

sokf"kZd

vk;

¼:-½

7400

/-

2360

0/-

3860

0/-

7400

/-

2360

0/-

3860

0/-

okf"kZd

vk;

'kgj

ds Fkksd

fcØh ls

¼:-½

okf"kZd

vk;

'kgj

ds Fkksd

fcØh ls

¼:-½

22,2

00/-

70,0

00/-

1158

00/-

22,2

00/-

70,0

00/-

1158

00/-

okf"kZd

vk;

'kgj

ds

fjVsy

fcØh ls

¼:-½

okf"kZd

vk;

'kgj

ds

fjVsy

fcØh ls

¼:-½

1480

00/-

3 yk[k

12

gtkj

:-

7120

00/-

1480

00/-

3 yk[k

12

gtkj

:-

7120

00/-

vkSl

rtksr e

sami;

ksxds c

knvfrfjDr

miy

C/krk

¼DohaVy

½

vkSl

rtksr e

sami;

ksxds c

knvfrfjDr

miy

C/krk

¼DohaVy

½

740

DohaVy

2360

3860

740

DohaVy

2360

3860

12

34

56

78

910

mijksDr lax.kuk esa ;g ekuk x;k gS fd&,d ,dM+ Hkwfe ds fy;s 100 DohaVy [kkn i;kZIr gSA ;fn o"kZ esa nks ckj Mkyh tk; rks nks lkS DohaVy izfr ,dM+ mi;ksx gksxh A

45 46

Hkkjr ds fdlku dh vkSlr tksr 1-7 ,dM+ ekurs gq, mlds fy;s o"kZ esa 340 DohaVy [kkn dk Fkksd fcØh nj xkao dh fLFkfr esa nl :- izfr DohaVy ¼50&60 :- izfr cSyxkM+h½ yxk;k x;k gSA ;gh jsV 'kgj esa Fkksd fcØh esa 30@&izfr DohaVy curk gSA;fn 'kgj esa fdpu xkMZfuax ds fy;s NksVs iSdsVksa esa cspk tk; rks 200&250@&izfr DohaVy rd gks ldrk gSA[kkn cukus esa ?kj ds lnL;ksa dk ifjJe iz;ksx fd;k x;k gSA usMsi fof/k ls [kkn cukus esa dsoy Je gh yxrk gSA mijksDr [kkn dh ek=k usMsi fof/k ls izkIr gksrh gSA blesa lkS fdyks xkscj ls rhu gtkj fdyks [kkn rS;kj gksrh gSA ¼1%30½xksnqX/k dks fo'o Hkj esa Lohd`fr] Hkkjr esa gh mis{kk %&xk; ds nw/k ds loksZÙke gksus dh ckr lalkj Hkj esa ,der ls Lohdkj dh xbZ gSA mUur ns'kksa esa dsoy xÅ dks gh ikyk tkrk gS] HkSal rks vÝhdk dks NksM+dj vU;= cgqr gh de ikbZ tkrh gSA ihus dks gj dksbZ xks nw/k dks gh dke esa ykrk gSA ogka fpdukbZ dks ugha nw/k dh jklk;fud fo'ks"krk dks ns[kk tkrk gSA mlds nw/k dh fujksxrk&fo'ks"krkvksa ls tu&tu ifjfpr gSA HkSal ds nw/k dks ogka rsy dh Js.kh esa xhuk tkrk gSA ;g foMEcuk gh gS mUur dgs tkus okys vejhdk] :l] Ýkal] MSuekdZ] fLoVtjySaM] vkLVªsfy;k vkfn ns'k tgka xkS ds fy;s eka tSlh Hkkouk ;k xÅ gR;k ij jksd u gksrs gq, Hkh ihus ds fy;s dsoy xksnw/k gh dke esa ykrs gSaA ijUrq ge gh ,sls vHkkxs gSa fd t; cksyrs xÅekrk dh vkSj nw/k ekaxrs gSa HkSal dkA blh vKku vkSj Hkze ds dkj.k gh xksoa'k dh mis{kk rFkk âkl gqvk gS vkSj HkSal ikyu dks mRlkg feyk gSA HkSal ds nw/k esa fpdukbZ vf/kd gksus ds dkj.k og Lokfn"V yxrk gS rFkk mlesa ngh] eB~Bk] iuhj] [kksok vkfn Hkh vf/kd fudyus ds dkj.k ykHknk;h izrhr gksrk gSA xk; dk nw/k iryk gksrk gSA blfy;s bldk egRo fxjk fn;k tkrk gS vkSj ysus esa vkukdkuh dh tkrh gSA xksikyd vkSj nw/k [kjhnnkj nksuksa dh gh n`f"V esa egRo ?kV tkus ds dkj.k xk;ksa dh la[;k ?kVrh tkrh gSA loZ lk/kkj.k ds euksa ij ;g Hkze xgjkbZ rd te x;k gS fd HkSal ds nw/k dh rqyuk esa xk; dk nw?k ?kfV;k gS D;ksafd blesa eykbZ de vkrh gSA tc fd okLrfodrk blls foijhr gS D;ksafd xk; dk nw/k iks"kdrk dh n`f"V ls yxHkx mruk gh mi;ksxh gksrk gSA ftruk fd eka dk nw/k mlesa os lHkh jlk;u i;kZIr ek=k esa ik;s tkrs gSaA ftudh euq"; 'kjhj dks vfrvko';drk jgrh gSA xk<+k ;k iryk gksuk xkS.k ckr gSA fpdukbZ dks ;fn egRo fn;k tk;s rks og lks;kchu] ewaxQyh] fry] ljlksa vkfn rsyksa ls vkSj Hkh vf/kd vkSj lLrh fey ldrh gSA fpdukbZ dh vf/kdrk 'kjhj ds fy;s ykHknk;d ugha ] gkfudkjd gksrh gSA mlls eksVkik vkrk gS vkSj ân; jksx gksrk gSA ikpu esa Hkh dfBukbZ gksrh gSA Hkkstu esa ftruh vf/kd

fpdukbZ gksxh og mruh gh nsj ls vkSj dfBukbZ ls ipsxkA bl izdkj HkSal dk nw/k tgka egaxk iM+rk gS] ogha ykHknk;d Hkh mruk ugha gSA Hkys gh og xk<+k gks ;k Lokfn"V yxsA euq"; ds fy;s izd`frd :i ls fgrdkjh ;fn dksbZ nw/k gS rks og eka ds ckn xk; dk gh gSA

,d xk; ds xkscj ,oa xksew= ls gesa izfrfnu 5 ,dM+ [ksr ds fy, i;kZIr [kkn vkSj dhV [knsM+d feyrk gSA,d xk; ds xkscj ls gesa izfrfnu 0-75 ?kuehVj ck;ksxSl] 500 okWV ls T;knk fctyh dk mRiknu gksrk gSA

vkS"k/kh; mi;ksxxkscj xSl cukus esa mi;ksxfo|qr fuekZ.k esa mi;ksxd`f"k [kkn fuekZ.k esa mi;ksxxkscj;qDr fMLVsaij dk fuekZ.kxkscj ls VkbZYl dk fuekZ.kxkscj ls bZaV dk fuekZ.klkSan;Z izlk/ku cukus esa mi;ksx

,d xk; ds xkscj ,oa xksew= ls gesa izfrfnu 5 ,dM+ [ksr ds fy, i;kZIr [kkn vkSj dhV [knsM+d feyrk gSA,d xk; ds xkscj ls gesa izfrfnu 0-75 ?kuehVj ck;ksxSl] 500 okWV ls T;knk fctyh dk mRiknu gksrk gSA

vkS"k/kh; mi;ksxxkscj xSl cukus esa mi;ksxfo|qr fuekZ.k esa mi;ksxd`f"k [kkn fuekZ.k esa mi;ksxxkscj;qDr fMLVsaij dk fuekZ.kxkscj ls VkbZYl dk fuekZ.kxkscj ls bZaV dk fuekZ.klkSan;Z izlk/ku cukus esa mi;ksx

xk; ds xkscj dk vkfFkZd ykHkxk; ds xkscj dk vkfFkZd ykHk

xkscj dk fofHkUu rjg ds mRikn cukus esa mi;ksxxkscj dk fofHkUu rjg ds mRikn cukus esa mi;ksx

47 48

ve`r opuve`r opu

xk; esjs vkxs gksa xk; esjs ihNs gks xk; esjs lc vkSj gks] eSa xk;ksa ds e/;okl d:aA ¼Jh d`".k½xksj{kk esa gh jk"Vª]/keZ] laLd`fr rFkk lef"V dh j{kk] fufgr gSA ¼i-iw xks _f"k Lokeh nr'kj.kkuUnth½xksoa'k dks Hk; ls eqDr dj nsus ij eUkq"; Lo;a Hkh Hk; ls eqDr gks tkrk gSA xksHkDr euq"; ftl&ftl oLrq dh bPNk djrk gS] og lc mls izkIr gksrh gSA ¼i-iw Lokeh jkelq[knklth½xk; dh iwtk ¼;kfu½ ikyu] iks"k.k] djus ls 33 gtkj nsoh&nsorkvksa dh Lor% iwtk gks tkrh gSA txg&txg HkVdus dh vko';drk ugha jgrh gSA ¼vkpk;Z Jh gfjukjk;.kth 'kkL=h&js.k ihBk/kh'oj½xksekrk] xaxk] xk;=h ,oa x.ks'k Hkkjrh; laLd`fr ds vk/kkj LrEHk gSA ¼i-iw- jk?kos'oj Hkkjrh th egkjkt½xksoa'k tgk¡ cSBdj fuHkZ;rkiwoZd lk¡l ysrk gS] ml LFkku ds leLr okLrqnks"k lekIr gks tkrs gSA i-iw ukjk;.knkl th egkjkt ¼f=os.kh /kke½cSy txr~ dk firk o xk; ekrk gSA mudh iwtk djus ls lEiw.kZ firjksa vkSj nsorkvksa dh iwtk gks tkrh gSA ¼i-iw- rqyNkjke th egkjkt½ge xk; dks ugh ikyrs vfirq xk; gekjk iks"k.k djrh gSA ¼i-iw Jh th egkjkt½xks ekrk Ik'kq ;k tkuoj ugha] og rks txr tuuh gSA ¼i-iw jes'k HkkbZ vks>k½dbZ tUeksa ds iq.; o Hkxoku dh vUkU; d`ik gksus ij gh xks lsok dk volj izkIr gksrk gSA ¼i-iw eksjkjh ckiw½ftuds xkscj ls yhius ij nso LFkku] efUnj] Hkou vkSj ?kj Hkh 'kq}gkstkrs gS] muxk;ksa ls c<+dj vkSj dskbZ izk.kh gks ldrk gS A¼i-iw- ckck jkenso½Li'kZ dj ysus ek= ls gh xk;sa euq"; ds leLr ikiksa dks u"V dj nsrh gSA ¼ i-iw jktsUnz nkl th egkjkt½rhFkZ LFkkuksa esa tkusa ls] ozr&mioklksa ls] nku djus ls] Jh gfj ds iwtu ls osnksa ds v/;;u ls] leLr ;Kksa ls] tks iq.; feyrs gS os lHkh iq.; euq"; dks dsoy xksoa'k dh lsok djrs gh rRdky fey tkrs gSA ¼i-iw- lk/oh _raHkjk th½

xk; esjs vkxs gksa xk; esjs ihNs gks xk; esjs lc vkSj gks] eSa xk;ksa ds e/;okl d:aA ¼Jh d`".k½xksj{kk esa gh jk"Vª]/keZ] laLd`fr rFkk lef"V dh j{kk] fufgr gSA ¼i-iw xks _f"k Lokeh nr'kj.kkuUnth½xksoa'k dks Hk; ls eqDr dj nsus ij eUkq"; Lo;a Hkh Hk; ls eqDr gks tkrk gSA xksHkDr euq"; ftl&ftl oLrq dh bPNk djrk gS] og lc mls izkIr gksrh gSA ¼i-iw Lokeh jkelq[knklth½xk; dh iwtk ¼;kfu½ ikyu] iks"k.k] djus ls 33 gtkj nsoh&nsorkvksa dh Lor% iwtk gks tkrh gSA txg&txg HkVdus dh vko';drk ugha jgrh gSA ¼vkpk;Z Jh gfjukjk;.kth 'kkL=h&js.k ihBk/kh'oj½xksekrk] xaxk] xk;=h ,oa x.ks'k Hkkjrh; laLd`fr ds vk/kkj LrEHk gSA ¼i-iw- jk?kos'oj Hkkjrh th egkjkt½xksoa'k tgk¡ cSBdj fuHkZ;rkiwoZd lk¡l ysrk gS] ml LFkku ds leLr okLrqnks"k lekIr gks tkrs gSA i-iw ukjk;.knkl th egkjkt ¼f=os.kh /kke½cSy txr~ dk firk o xk; ekrk gSA mudh iwtk djus ls lEiw.kZ firjksa vkSj nsorkvksa dh iwtk gks tkrh gSA ¼i-iw- rqyNkjke th egkjkt½ge xk; dks ugh ikyrs vfirq xk; gekjk iks"k.k djrh gSA ¼i-iw Jh th egkjkt½xks ekrk Ik'kq ;k tkuoj ugha] og rks txr tuuh gSA ¼i-iw jes'k HkkbZ vks>k½dbZ tUeksa ds iq.; o Hkxoku dh vUkU; d`ik gksus ij gh xks lsok dk volj izkIr gksrk gSA ¼i-iw eksjkjh ckiw½ftuds xkscj ls yhius ij nso LFkku] efUnj] Hkou vkSj ?kj Hkh 'kq}gkstkrs gS] muxk;ksa ls c<+dj vkSj dskbZ izk.kh gks ldrk gS A¼i-iw- ckck jkenso½Li'kZ dj ysus ek= ls gh xk;sa euq"; ds leLr ikiksa dks u"V dj nsrh gSA ¼ i-iw jktsUnz nkl th egkjkt½rhFkZ LFkkuksa esa tkusa ls] ozr&mioklksa ls] nku djus ls] Jh gfj ds iwtu ls osnksa ds v/;;u ls] leLr ;Kksa ls] tks iq.; feyrs gS os lHkh iq.; euq"; dks dsoy xksoa'k dh lsok djrs gh rRdky fey tkrs gSA ¼i-iw- lk/oh _raHkjk th½

gesa xks mRiknksa dk oSKkkfud egRo ds vk/kkj ij budk fuR; iz;ksx djuk pkfg,A ¼ i-iw- Jh Jhjfo 'kadj½:X.kkoLFkk esa xksoa'k dks vkS"kf/k iznku djus ls euq"; Lo;a Hkh lHkh jksxks ls eqDr gks tkrk gSA ¼i-iw- xksoRl jk/kkd`".k th egkjkt½;fn xksoa'k u"V gksrk gS rks] ns'k dks u"V gksus ls dksbZ ugha jksd ldrkA ¼ i-iw- egf"kZ n;kuUn½xksekrk dk peRdkj eSus Lo;a vius thou esa ik;k gSA tc eSus flj]ryoksa o ukd esa ns'kh xk; ds ?kh dk mi;ksx dj yxHkx [kksbZ gqbZ us= T;ksfr iqu% izkIr dhA ¼i-iw- xksfoUn nso fxjh th egkjkt½xk; dk nw/k ve`r gS] bldk ?kh vkS"kf/k gS vkSj bldk ekal chekjh gSA ¼eqgEen gtjr½,d cSy dh gR;k ,d xk; dh gR;k ds leku gSa ¼;h'kq elhgk½xksoa'k dh vknjiwoZd lsok fd;s tkus ij euq"; dh lHkh euksdkeuk,sa iw.kZ gksrh gSA ¼Lokeh foosdkuUn½nl xk; nku djuk cM+k iq.; gSA exj blls Hkh cM+k iq.; dRy[kkus esa tkrh gqbZ ,d xk; dks cpkuk gSA ¼eqfu Jh r:.klkxj th½xkS j{kk dk iz'u LojkT; ls Hkh vf/kd egRoiw.kZ gSA ¼egkRek xka/kh½eSus dqjku vkSj ckbfcy nksuksa dk v/;;u fd;k gS] mu nksuksa ds vuqlkj ,d xk; dks ekjuk izR;{k :Ik ls egkiki gSA ?kj&?kj xk;] xzke xzke xks'kkyk ¼vkpk;Z fouksck Hkkos½tcls xks oa'k dh gR;k 'kq: gqbZ gS] mlds ckn ls eS Hkkoh ih<+h ds fy, fpafrr gwa A eq>s ekj nks] ij xk; dks tkus nksA ¼yksdekU; fryd½xks mRikn lsou ls lHkh 'kkjhfjd] ekufld chekfj;k¡ feV tkrh gS rFkk vk/;kfRed lk/kuk esa iw.kZr;k lQyrk izkIr gksrh gSA ¼i-iw Jh jke 'kekZ vkpk;Z½esjs fglkc ls orZeku ifjfLFkfr esa lcls T;knk oSKkfud vkSj cqf}ekuh dk dk;Z gS] fd xkS gR;k ij izfrca/k yxk;k tk,sA ¼t; izdk'k ukjk;.k½Hkkjr esa xks&ikyu lukru /keZ gS&¼MkW- jktsUn izlkn½xksj{kk fcuk ekuo j{kk lEHko ugha ¼Hkxoku egkohj Lokeh½igyh jksVh xk; dh A ¼xks HkDr dSnkjukFk Lokeh½

gesa xks mRiknksa dk oSKkkfud egRo ds vk/kkj ij budk fuR; iz;ksx djuk pkfg,A ¼ i-iw- Jh Jhjfo 'kadj½:X.kkoLFkk esa xksoa'k dks vkS"kf/k iznku djus ls euq"; Lo;a Hkh lHkh jksxks ls eqDr gks tkrk gSA ¼i-iw- xksoRl jk/kkd`".k th egkjkt½;fn xksoa'k u"V gksrk gS rks] ns'k dks u"V gksus ls dksbZ ugha jksd ldrkA ¼ i-iw- egf"kZ n;kuUn½xksekrk dk peRdkj eSus Lo;a vius thou esa ik;k gSA tc eSus flj]ryoksa o ukd esa ns'kh xk; ds ?kh dk mi;ksx dj yxHkx [kksbZ gqbZ us= T;ksfr iqu% izkIr dhA ¼i-iw- xksfoUn nso fxjh th egkjkt½xk; dk nw/k ve`r gS] bldk ?kh vkS"kf/k gS vkSj bldk ekal chekjh gSA ¼eqgEen gtjr½,d cSy dh gR;k ,d xk; dh gR;k ds leku gSa ¼;h'kq elhgk½xksoa'k dh vknjiwoZd lsok fd;s tkus ij euq"; dh lHkh euksdkeuk,sa iw.kZ gksrh gSA ¼Lokeh foosdkuUn½nl xk; nku djuk cM+k iq.; gSA exj blls Hkh cM+k iq.; dRy[kkus esa tkrh gqbZ ,d xk; dks cpkuk gSA ¼eqfu Jh r:.klkxj th½xkS j{kk dk iz'u LojkT; ls Hkh vf/kd egRoiw.kZ gSA ¼egkRek xka/kh½eSus dqjku vkSj ckbfcy nksuksa dk v/;;u fd;k gS] mu nksuksa ds vuqlkj ,d xk; dks ekjuk izR;{k :Ik ls egkiki gSA ?kj&?kj xk;] xzke xzke xks'kkyk ¼vkpk;Z fouksck Hkkos½tcls xks oa'k dh gR;k 'kq: gqbZ gS] mlds ckn ls eS Hkkoh ih<+h ds fy, fpafrr gwa A eq>s ekj nks] ij xk; dks tkus nksA ¼yksdekU; fryd½xks mRikn lsou ls lHkh 'kkjhfjd] ekufld chekfj;k¡ feV tkrh gS rFkk vk/;kfRed lk/kuk esa iw.kZr;k lQyrk izkIr gksrh gSA ¼i-iw Jh jke 'kekZ vkpk;Z½esjs fglkc ls orZeku ifjfLFkfr esa lcls T;knk oSKkfud vkSj cqf}ekuh dk dk;Z gS] fd xkS gR;k ij izfrca/k yxk;k tk,sA ¼t; izdk'k ukjk;.k½Hkkjr esa xks&ikyu lukru /keZ gS&¼MkW- jktsUn izlkn½xksj{kk fcuk ekuo j{kk lEHko ugha ¼Hkxoku egkohj Lokeh½igyh jksVh xk; dh A ¼xks HkDr dSnkjukFk Lokeh½

49 50

1 izfrfnu igyh jksVh xk; dks ns] laHko u gks rks xkS'kkyk esa lsok jkf'k

nsoasA

2 vxj dqN ewY; vf/kd nsuk iMs+ rks Hkh xk; ds nw/k] ngh ] NkN vkSj ?kh

dk gh iz;ksx djasA

3 vxj laHko gks rks vius ?kj] QSDVªh] QkWeZ gkml ;k [ksr esa xk; j[ksa

;k fQj fdlh xkS'kkyk esa xk; xksn ysdj] mlds j[k&j[kko dh

ftEesnkjh ysaA

4 xksoa'k j{kkFkZ jk"VªO;kih tu vkUnksyu dks lQy cukus esa ru]eu]

/ku ls lg;ksx nsosaA

5 xksew= vdZ loksZre LokLF;o/kZd VkWfud gS] xksew= vdZ rFkk iapxO;

ls fufeZr vkS"kf/k;ksa o inkFkksZ dk mi;ksx dj LokLF; ykHk mBk,saA

6 LoLFk jgus ds fy, xksoa'k ds xkscj&xksew= ls mRikfnr tSfod vukt

Qy o lfCt;ksa dk gh mi;ksx djsA

7 ?kk;y] chekj] vlgk; xksoa'k dh lsok ân; ls djs] ;g lcls cM+k

iq.; dk dk;Z gSA

8 xkS ekrk ,d thrk tkxrk efUnj gSa] ftlesa leLr nso fo|eku jgrs

gSaA

9 vius] ifjtuksa o cPpksa ds tUefnu] oSokfgd o"kZxkaB] fookg mRlo

lHkh ekaxfyd voljksa ,oa ifjtuksa ds nsoyksd xeu ij xks lsok jkf'k

vo'; xks'kkyk esa HksaV djsaA

10 'kkL=ksa ds vuqlkj viuh dekbZ o O;olk; esa ykHk dk n'kkal ¼10

izfr'kr½ Hkxoku dk Hkh fgLLkk j[ksa ftls xks&fgr o vU; iq.; dk;ksZ

esa yxkosaA

1 izfrfnu igyh jksVh xk; dks ns] laHko u gks rks xkS'kkyk esa lsok jkf'k

nsoasA

2 vxj dqN ewY; vf/kd nsuk iMs+ rks Hkh xk; ds nw/k] ngh ] NkN vkSj ?kh

dk gh iz;ksx djasA

3 vxj laHko gks rks vius ?kj] QSDVªh] QkWeZ gkml ;k [ksr esa xk; j[ksa

;k fQj fdlh xkS'kkyk esa xk; xksn ysdj] mlds j[k&j[kko dh

ftEesnkjh ysaA

4 xksoa'k j{kkFkZ jk"VªO;kih tu vkUnksyu dks lQy cukus esa ru]eu]

/ku ls lg;ksx nsosaA

5 xksew= vdZ loksZre LokLF;o/kZd VkWfud gS] xksew= vdZ rFkk iapxO;

ls fufeZr vkS"kf/k;ksa o inkFkksZ dk mi;ksx dj LokLF; ykHk mBk,saA

6 LoLFk jgus ds fy, xksoa'k ds xkscj&xksew= ls mRikfnr tSfod vukt

Qy o lfCt;ksa dk gh mi;ksx djsA

7 ?kk;y] chekj] vlgk; xksoa'k dh lsok ân; ls djs] ;g lcls cM+k

iq.; dk dk;Z gSA

8 xkS ekrk ,d thrk tkxrk efUnj gSa] ftlesa leLr nso fo|eku jgrs

gSaA

9 vius] ifjtuksa o cPpksa ds tUefnu] oSokfgd o"kZxkaB] fookg mRlo

lHkh ekaxfyd voljksa ,oa ifjtuksa ds nsoyksd xeu ij xks lsok jkf'k

vo'; xks'kkyk esa HksaV djsaA

10 'kkL=ksa ds vuqlkj viuh dekbZ o O;olk; esa ykHk dk n'kkal ¼10

izfr'kr½ Hkxoku dk Hkh fgLLkk j[ksa ftls xks&fgr o vU; iq.; dk;ksZ

esa yxkosaA

gekjk ladYigekjk ladYi

51

Hkkjrh; xksekrk o fons'kh uLy

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52

xk; dks dlkbZ ds gkFk ls cpkus dh cMh vko';drk gSA dguk u gksxk dh xkso/k egku ikik vkSj Hkkjr ds fy;s rks cM+k Hkkjh dyad gSa blesa iz/kku dkj.k gS peMs] gM~Mh] lw[ksekal vkSj jDr rFkk vkar&rkr vkfn dk O;kikj] [kkl djds peM+s dh csgn ekax ! xksekal dh vko';drk vR;f/kd c< x;h Fkh mlds fy;s nw/k nsusokyh xkfHkUk xk;ks vkSj cNfM+;ksa dk Hkh vck/k vc/k gqvk tks djksM+ks ls Åij igWqp x;k FkkA ,sls fo'ks"kKksa dk vuqeku gSa bl vc xkso/k dksa can djokus ds fy;s yksder dks tkxzr djs izcy vkUnksyu djus dh vko';drk gSA ;g vkanksyu dsoy fganqvksa dks gh ugh j[kuk pkfg;sA eqlyeku bZlkbZ rFkk vU; erkoyEch lTtuksa dks Hkh lân;rk rFkk izse ls bl ckr dk izpkj djuk pkfg;s fd xkS ns'k ds izR;ssd euq"; ds fy, vko';d gS vkSj xkS ds u jgus ls fgUnw&eqlyeku lHkh dks leku:Ik ls d"V gksxk] ftlls os Hkh bl vkanksyu esa 'kkfey gks rkfd ljdkj dks dkuwu cukdj xkso/k jksdus ds fy;s ck/; dj nsA

fgaUnqvks esa bl ckr dk [kwc izpkj gks tkuk pkfg;s fd ,d Hkh xk; dlkbZ ds gkFk tk; ugh xk; u feysxh rks dlkbZ [kkus vius vki gh can gks tk;sxs Tkc rd fganw xk; csprs fcdkrs gS rHkh rd dlkbZ [kkus pyrs gSA

ftu Ik'kq esyksa esa dlkb;ksa dks xk;sa feyrh gSA mu esyksa dks ;k muesa xks&fodz; dks dkuwu ps"Vk djds can djkuk pkfg;sA yksder tkxzr~ djus] turk dks izHkkoiw.kZ jhfr ls le>kus rFkk ljdkj dks ckj&ckj lq>kus ,slk gksuk dksbZ vk'p;Z dh ckr ugh gSA

;g iz;Ru Hkh gksuk pkfg;s fd esyksa esa fcdus ds fy;s xk;sa vkosa gh ughA ljdkj us fiNys fnuks Hkkjr j{kk dkuwu ds vuqlkj mi;ksxh xk;ks ds ekjus ij dqN izfrca/k yxk;s Fks ijrq os vLFkk;h FksA Hkjiwj ps"Vk djds dkuwu esa u;s fcy ykdj mUgs mfpr vkSj vko';d la'kks/ku ds lkFk LFkk;h dkuwu cuok ysuk pkfg;s vkSj izR;sd izkUr esa mu ij Bhd&Bhd vey gksrk gS ;k ugh bldh vkSj xks&lsodksa rFkk xksjf{k.kh laLFkkvksa ,oa E;qfuflifyVh ds lnL;ksa dks fo'ks"k:Ik ls utj j[kuh pkfg;saA [ksn dh ckr gSfd izfrca/kksa ds jgrs gq, Hkh izfrcU/k ds fo:) xk;ks dh gR;k gksrh gSA blesa gekjh vogsyuk vkSj xks gR;kjks dk LokFkZ gh iz/kku dkj.k gSA

xk; dks dlkbZ ds gkFk ls cpkus dh cMh vko';drk gSA dguk u gksxk dh xkso/k egku ikik vkSj Hkkjr ds fy;s rks cM+k Hkkjh dyad gSa blesa iz/kku dkj.k gS peMs] gM~Mh] lw[ksekal vkSj jDr rFkk vkar&rkr vkfn dk O;kikj] [kkl djds peM+s dh csgn ekax ! xksekal dh vko';drk vR;f/kd c< x;h Fkh mlds fy;s nw/k nsusokyh xkfHkUk xk;ks vkSj cNfM+;ksa dk Hkh vck/k vc/k gqvk tks djksM+ks ls Åij igWqp x;k FkkA ,sls fo'ks"kKksa dk vuqeku gSa bl vc xkso/k dksa can djokus ds fy;s yksder dks tkxzr djs izcy vkUnksyu djus dh vko';drk gSA ;g vkanksyu dsoy fganqvksa dks gh ugh j[kuk pkfg;sA eqlyeku bZlkbZ rFkk vU; erkoyEch lTtuksa dks Hkh lân;rk rFkk izse ls bl ckr dk izpkj djuk pkfg;s fd xkS ns'k ds izR;ssd euq"; ds fy, vko';d gS vkSj xkS ds u jgus ls fgUnw&eqlyeku lHkh dks leku:Ik ls d"V gksxk] ftlls os Hkh bl vkanksyu esa 'kkfey gks rkfd ljdkj dks dkuwu cukdj xkso/k jksdus ds fy;s ck/; dj nsA

fgaUnqvks esa bl ckr dk [kwc izpkj gks tkuk pkfg;s fd ,d Hkh xk; dlkbZ ds gkFk tk; ugh xk; u feysxh rks dlkbZ [kkus vius vki gh can gks tk;sxs Tkc rd fganw xk; csprs fcdkrs gS rHkh rd dlkbZ [kkus pyrs gSA

ftu Ik'kq esyksa esa dlkb;ksa dks xk;sa feyrh gSA mu esyksa dks ;k muesa xks&fodz; dks dkuwu ps"Vk djds can djkuk pkfg;sA yksder tkxzr~ djus] turk dks izHkkoiw.kZ jhfr ls le>kus rFkk ljdkj dks ckj&ckj lq>kus ,slk gksuk dksbZ vk'p;Z dh ckr ugh gSA

;g iz;Ru Hkh gksuk pkfg;s fd esyksa esa fcdus ds fy;s xk;sa vkosa gh ughA ljdkj us fiNys fnuks Hkkjr j{kk dkuwu ds vuqlkj mi;ksxh xk;ks ds ekjus ij dqN izfrca/k yxk;s Fks ijrq os vLFkk;h FksA Hkjiwj ps"Vk djds dkuwu esa u;s fcy ykdj mUgs mfpr vkSj vko';d la'kks/ku ds lkFk LFkk;h dkuwu cuok ysuk pkfg;s vkSj izR;sd izkUr esa mu ij Bhd&Bhd vey gksrk gS ;k ugh bldh vkSj xks&lsodksa rFkk xksjf{k.kh laLFkkvksa ,oa E;qfuflifyVh ds lnL;ksa dks fo'ks"k:Ik ls utj j[kuh pkfg;saA [ksn dh ckr gSfd izfrca/kksa ds jgrs gq, Hkh izfrcU/k ds fo:) xk;ks dh gR;k gksrh gSA blesa gekjh vogsyuk vkSj xks gR;kjks dk LokFkZ gh iz/kku dkj.k gSA

xks&o/k can gksuk gh pkfg;sA xks&o/k can gksuk gh pkfg;sA tc rd LFkk;h dkuwu u cus] rc rd Hkkjr ds lHkh izkUrksa esa orZeku dkuwu ds ykxw djkus dh vkSj ml ij iwjk&iwjk vey gks bldh lkoZtfud lfefr;ksa xks j{kklaLFkkvksa rFkk ftEesokj iq:"kksa dks O;oLFkk djuh pkfg;sA

¼d½ tgka fdlh dlkbZ[kkus esa dkuwu ds fo:)Ik'kq ekjs tkrs gksa ogka ds blls lacaf/kr egdesa ds LFkkuh; vf/kdkfj;ksa dks lwpuk nsuh pkfg;s vkSj lekpkj i=ksa esa ?kVuk Bhd lR;:i esa t:j izdkf'kr djkuh pkfg;sA

¼[k½ lHkk djds bldk 'kkfUriw.kZ fojks/k djuk pkfg;s vkSj ljdkj ds Åaps vf/kdkfj;ksa dk Hkh bldh rjQ /;ku vkdf"kZr djuk pkfg;sA

tc rd xkso/k iw.kZ:i ls dkuwu ds }kjk can u dj fn;k tk;] rc rd dsoy mi;ksxh Ik'kqo/k u djus ds dkuwu ls dksbZ ykHk ugh gksrk Ik'kq dVrs gh jgsrs gSA dlkbZ[kkus esa o/k ds fy;s Lohd`fr nsusokys vQljksa vkSj ogk¡ ds pijkfl;ksa dk vo'; ykHk gksrk gSA larks"k dk fo"k; gS fd bl le; ns'kHkj esa xkso/k lEiw.kZ:Ik ls can djkus ds fy;s vkUnksyu gks jgs gS txg&txg nso vkjk/kuk vuq"Bkukfn gks jgs gSA mPp vf/kdkfj;ks us Hkh xkso/k dkuwuh rkSj ij can djus dh lgefr nh gSA blls vk'kk gS xkso/kcUnh dk dkuwu cu tkuk pkfg;s A ijarq xkso/k can gks Hkh x;k vkSj vkfFkZd n`f"V ls xkS dk egRo ugh c<k rks nwj ys tkdj xk;ks dks NksM+ nsxs vkSj os Hkw[k ds ekjs rM+i&rM+i dj ejsxh blfy;s gesa pkfg;s fd xk;ks dh uLy lq/kkj dj mudk nw/k c<kos xks &?k`r dk gh O;ogkj djs peM+s dk O;ogkj fcYdqy R;kx ns A ouLifr ?kh dk cfg"dkj djsA xks'kkyk esa fcuk dke ds viax Ik'kq j[ks tk; mUgs f[kyk;k fiyk;k tk;A mUkls larku mRiu u djk;h tk; vkSj mldss ey ew= peM+s bR;kfn ls O;ofLFkr vkenuh dh tk; rFkk xkao&xkao xkspj Hkwfe NqM+ok;h tk;A ,slk gksus ij gh xksgR;k can gksxh ftldk can gksuk ije vko';d gSA ,slk dgus okys iq:"kksa dks tkuuk pkfg;s fd yksx 'kksdhu esa rFkk iru ds xgjs xM~Mks esa fxjkus okys inkFkZ mi;ksx esa flusek esa fdruk [kpZ dj nsrs gSA fQj ;fn va/ks] dkus] ywys] yxM+s] vSj cw<s ekrk firk rFkk viax cPPkks ds tSls cw<s xk; cSy rFkk cNM+s cNfM+;ksa ds ihNs dqN iSls [kpZ gks tkrs rks blesa bruk nq[k D;ks gksuk pkfg;sA ;g rks oLrqr& /ku dk lnO;; gSA fQj [kpZ gh fdruk gksrk gSA

tc rd LFkk;h dkuwu u cus] rc rd Hkkjr ds lHkh izkUrksa esa orZeku dkuwu ds ykxw djkus dh vkSj ml ij iwjk&iwjk vey gks bldh lkoZtfud lfefr;ksa xks j{kklaLFkkvksa rFkk ftEesokj iq:"kksa dks O;oLFkk djuh pkfg;sA

¼d½ tgka fdlh dlkbZ[kkus esa dkuwu ds fo:)Ik'kq ekjs tkrs gksa ogka ds blls lacaf/kr egdesa ds LFkkuh; vf/kdkfj;ksa dks lwpuk nsuh pkfg;s vkSj lekpkj i=ksa esa ?kVuk Bhd lR;:i esa t:j izdkf'kr djkuh pkfg;sA

¼[k½ lHkk djds bldk 'kkfUriw.kZ fojks/k djuk pkfg;s vkSj ljdkj ds Åaps vf/kdkfj;ksa dk Hkh bldh rjQ /;ku vkdf"kZr djuk pkfg;sA

tc rd xkso/k iw.kZ:i ls dkuwu ds }kjk can u dj fn;k tk;] rc rd dsoy mi;ksxh Ik'kqo/k u djus ds dkuwu ls dksbZ ykHk ugh gksrk Ik'kq dVrs gh jgsrs gSA dlkbZ[kkus esa o/k ds fy;s Lohd`fr nsusokys vQljksa vkSj ogk¡ ds pijkfl;ksa dk vo'; ykHk gksrk gSA larks"k dk fo"k; gS fd bl le; ns'kHkj esa xkso/k lEiw.kZ:Ik ls can djkus ds fy;s vkUnksyu gks jgs gS txg&txg nso vkjk/kuk vuq"Bkukfn gks jgs gSA mPp vf/kdkfj;ks us Hkh xkso/k dkuwuh rkSj ij can djus dh lgefr nh gSA blls vk'kk gS xkso/kcUnh dk dkuwu cu tkuk pkfg;s A ijarq xkso/k can gks Hkh x;k vkSj vkfFkZd n`f"V ls xkS dk egRo ugh c<k rks nwj ys tkdj xk;ks dks NksM+ nsxs vkSj os Hkw[k ds ekjs rM+i&rM+i dj ejsxh blfy;s gesa pkfg;s fd xk;ks dh uLy lq/kkj dj mudk nw/k c<kos xks &?k`r dk gh O;ogkj djs peM+s dk O;ogkj fcYdqy R;kx ns A ouLifr ?kh dk cfg"dkj djsA xks'kkyk esa fcuk dke ds viax Ik'kq j[ks tk; mUgs f[kyk;k fiyk;k tk;A mUkls larku mRiu u djk;h tk; vkSj mldss ey ew= peM+s bR;kfn ls O;ofLFkr vkenuh dh tk; rFkk xkao&xkao xkspj Hkwfe NqM+ok;h tk;A ,slk gksus ij gh xksgR;k can gksxh ftldk can gksuk ije vko';d gSA ,slk dgus okys iq:"kksa dks tkuuk pkfg;s fd yksx 'kksdhu esa rFkk iru ds xgjs xM~Mks esa fxjkus okys inkFkZ mi;ksx esa flusek esa fdruk [kpZ dj nsrs gSA fQj ;fn va/ks] dkus] ywys] yxM+s] vSj cw<s ekrk firk rFkk viax cPPkks ds tSls cw<s xk; cSy rFkk cNM+s cNfM+;ksa ds ihNs dqN iSls [kpZ gks tkrs rks blesa bruk nq[k D;ks gksuk pkfg;sA ;g rks oLrqr& /ku dk lnO;; gSA fQj [kpZ gh fdruk gksrk gSA

53 54

vr,o /kekZnk rFkk nku ij pyus okyh ,slh xks'kkykvks dks thon;k ds ifo= mns'; ls vius xksj{k.k dk;Z ls dHkh gVuk ugh pkfg;sA mUgs ?kkVk lgdj gh viuk lsok dk;Z pykuk pkfg;s A gka os ,d lw= esa ca/kdj laxfBr gks tk;A rks cM+k vPNk gSA vo'; gh blesa rks leFkZ laLFkk, gS mUgsa viuk Ms;jh foHkkx vyx [kksyuk vSj mlesa Ik;kZIr iwath yxkdj xkslao/kZu dk;Z Hkh djuk pkfg;sA Ms;jh ds <ax dh vyx xkS'kkyk,sa cus muds fy;s rks dksbZ ckr ubZ ugh gSA ij ;g ugh gksuk pkfg;s fd dsoy Ms;jh ds <ax dh xks'kkykvks dh vksj gh gekjh iwjh n`f"V vkSj iwjh 'kfDr yx tk; vkSj cw<h viax xks&ekrkvksa dks fujk/kkj NksM+us dk iki can gksus yxsA xks&lnu cukus dh orZeku ;kstuk Hkh rks okLro esa viax vlgk; Ik'kqvks ds ikyus ds fy;s gh rks gSA gesa if'pe ds xq.k ysuk pkfg;s ij mUkds xq.kks dh pdkpkSa/k esa iM+dj vius iSr`d xq.kks dk foPNsn ugh dj Mkyuk pkfg;sA vktdy fiatjkiksy ds izfr cqf)eku rFkk usrk ekus tkus okys iq:"kksa dh dqN ,slh nqHkkZouk gksus yxh gS vkSj izdkjUrj ls os viax xk;ks dks Hkkj:Ik le>dj mudks gVk ys tkuk vPNk ekuus yxs gSa blhfy;s bruk fy[kk x;k gSA ,slk izLrko vk;k gSA fd dkedkt esa v'kDr csdkj euq";ks dh ftEesokjh ikfyZ;keasV dks ys ysuh pkfg;s vFkkZr mudh larku ij muds ikyu dk Hkkj drbZ ugh jguk pkfg;sA

esjh le> ls fiatjkiksy i)fr dh mlesa muds mns'; ds vuqdqy vko';d lq/kkj djds j{kk djuh pkfg;s budh j{kk vkSj lqO;oLFkk gks x;h rks ;s cus cuk;s xks &lnu gSA lkFk gh ,slh xks'kkyk,sa vyx ;k lqfo/kk gks rks buds Lora= foHkkx ds :Ik esa [kksyuh pkfg;sa ftues gV~Vh&dVh lqanj lqgkouh nq/kk: xk;sa gks vkSj tks mijkUr xk;ksa ds lokZxhu mUufr esa lgk;d gksA

tek;s gq, rsSy ¼ouLifr ?kh½ ds fojks/k esa ns'k esa cM+k vkUnksyu gqvk gS vkSj ge yksxks dk Hkh ;g er gS fd blls ns'k dh rFkk xksoa'k dh gkfu gks jgh gSA ljdkjh fjiksVZ Hkh gS fd ouLifr ¼tek gqvk rsy½ vf/kdka'k feykoV esa fcdrk tkrk gS vkSj 'kq) ?kh ds :Ik esa fcdrk gS blh dkj.k mlls iSls vf/kd feyrs gSA iSlk dekus dh bPNk feykoV dks izksRlkgu nsrh ;k feykoV pkgrh gh gSa blhfy;s rks rsy dks tekdj nkusnkj cuk;k tkrk vkSj mls xk; vkSj HkSal ds ?kh ds ls jax dk cukus dh dksf'k'k dh tkrh gSA cl ;gh cqjh ckr gSa nwljk dkj.k xkso/k gSA

vr,o /kekZnk rFkk nku ij pyus okyh ,slh xks'kkykvks dks thon;k ds ifo= mns'; ls vius xksj{k.k dk;Z ls dHkh gVuk ugh pkfg;sA mUgs ?kkVk lgdj gh viuk lsok dk;Z pykuk pkfg;s A gka os ,d lw= esa ca/kdj laxfBr gks tk;A rks cM+k vPNk gSA vo'; gh blesa rks leFkZ laLFkk, gS mUgsa viuk Ms;jh foHkkx vyx [kksyuk vSj mlesa Ik;kZIr iwath yxkdj xkslao/kZu dk;Z Hkh djuk pkfg;sA Ms;jh ds <ax dh vyx xkS'kkyk,sa cus muds fy;s rks dksbZ ckr ubZ ugh gSA ij ;g ugh gksuk pkfg;s fd dsoy Ms;jh ds <ax dh xks'kkykvks dh vksj gh gekjh iwjh n`f"V vkSj iwjh 'kfDr yx tk; vkSj cw<h viax xks&ekrkvksa dks fujk/kkj NksM+us dk iki can gksus yxsA xks&lnu cukus dh orZeku ;kstuk Hkh rks okLro esa viax vlgk; Ik'kqvks ds ikyus ds fy;s gh rks gSA gesa if'pe ds xq.k ysuk pkfg;s ij mUkds xq.kks dh pdkpkSa/k esa iM+dj vius iSr`d xq.kks dk foPNsn ugh dj Mkyuk pkfg;sA vktdy fiatjkiksy ds izfr cqf)eku rFkk usrk ekus tkus okys iq:"kksa dh dqN ,slh nqHkkZouk gksus yxh gS vkSj izdkjUrj ls os viax xk;ks dks Hkkj:Ik le>dj mudks gVk ys tkuk vPNk ekuus yxs gSa blhfy;s bruk fy[kk x;k gSA ,slk izLrko vk;k gSA fd dkedkt esa v'kDr csdkj euq";ks dh ftEesokjh ikfyZ;keasV dks ys ysuh pkfg;s vFkkZr mudh larku ij muds ikyu dk Hkkj drbZ ugh jguk pkfg;sA

esjh le> ls fiatjkiksy i)fr dh mlesa muds mns'; ds vuqdqy vko';d lq/kkj djds j{kk djuh pkfg;s budh j{kk vkSj lqO;oLFkk gks x;h rks ;s cus cuk;s xks &lnu gSA lkFk gh ,slh xks'kkyk,sa vyx ;k lqfo/kk gks rks buds Lora= foHkkx ds :Ik esa [kksyuh pkfg;sa ftues gV~Vh&dVh lqanj lqgkouh nq/kk: xk;sa gks vkSj tks mijkUr xk;ksa ds lokZxhu mUufr esa lgk;d gksA

tek;s gq, rsSy ¼ouLifr ?kh½ ds fojks/k esa ns'k esa cM+k vkUnksyu gqvk gS vkSj ge yksxks dk Hkh ;g er gS fd blls ns'k dh rFkk xksoa'k dh gkfu gks jgh gSA ljdkjh fjiksVZ Hkh gS fd ouLifr ¼tek gqvk rsy½ vf/kdka'k feykoV esa fcdrk tkrk gS vkSj 'kq) ?kh ds :Ik esa fcdrk gS blh dkj.k mlls iSls vf/kd feyrs gSA iSlk dekus dh bPNk feykoV dks izksRlkgu nsrh ;k feykoV pkgrh gh gSa blhfy;s rks rsy dks tekdj nkusnkj cuk;k tkrk vkSj mls xk; vkSj HkSal ds ?kh ds ls jax dk cukus dh dksf'k'k dh tkrh gSA cl ;gh cqjh ckr gSa nwljk dkj.k xkso/k gSA

ouLifr ?khouLifr ?kh

igys Ik;kZIr xkspj Hkwfe FkhA pkjs&nkus dh dksbZ deh ugh FkhA [ksrh esa bruk vUu vkSj pkjk gksrk Fkk fd x`gLFk Lo;a [kkdj vius Ik'kqvksa dks Hkh [kwc f[kyk ldrk FkkA [ksrks esa Ik'kq jgrs Fks] blls mudh [kkn [ksrks dks LokHkkfod feyrh FkhA gkFk ls dke djus dh vknr Fkh blls lHkh dqN lLrk iM+rk Fkk ] ij xk; ij dksbzZ Hkh [kpZ ugh FkkA xk; Hkkj ugh vk'khZokn FkhA uLy xkaoks esa vius vki Bhd djrh FksA xks/ku gh ije /ku gSA fpfdRlk ds ?kjsyq uqL[ks ;kn Fksa] ftlls xk; chekj ugh jg ikrh FkhA xk;ks dk vPNs [kk| iks"k.k gksrk FkkA vkSj lsok 'kqJw"kk ls jksx ls fuR; fueqDr jgrh FkhA larku vPNh gksrh Fkha nw/k cs'kwekj gksrk FkkA blls lkjk ifjokj nw/k ngh ih [kk ldrk FkkA nw/k ngh ckaVk tkrk FkkA cf<;k NkN ds fy;s [kqyk njoktk Fkk dksbZ Hkh ys tk;s ;g lc eq¶r esa gksrk FkkA uQs esa cp tkrk Fkk xkS dk ?kh mls vko';drkuqlkj x`gLFk csprs Fks] ij ck/; ugh Fks ?kh dh bruh cgqrk;kr Fkh fd ?kh nqgkjksa ls ijkslk tkrk FkkA pefp;ksa ls ugh A

bl n'kk esa tgka rd esjk [;ky gS fd ;s dkj[kkus can gksus rks cgqr dfBu gS ns'koklh vkUnksyu djds ljdkj bruk djk ns ;k dkj[kkus okys /keZ ds fopkj ls ftruk dj ldrs gks Lo;a gh dj ys rks cgqr vPNk gSA

foVkfeu ds fy;s ;fn eNyh ds rsy tSlh pht nh tkrh gks rks og dnkfi ugh nh tkuh pkfg;sA feykoV djus okyks dks dM+h ltk gksuh pkfg;sA bldk uke ?kh u j[kdj tek gqvk rsy j[kuk pkfg;s

esjh rks ns'kokfl;ksa ls ;g izkFkZuk gS fd tc rd LokLF;gkfu] vifo=rk vkSj fgalk dk rFkk blls gksusokyh xksoa'k dh gkfu dk dqN Hkh lansg gSa rc rd dksbZ [kkos gh ugh ?kh u feys rks 'kq} rsy [kkuk vPNk gS ?kh ds uke ij fcxkM+ gqvk rsy [kkus esa vkSj ;fn mles foVkfeu ds uke ij eNyh dk rsy feyk;k gks rks /keZ] vFkZ LokLF; dh gkfu gSA

igys Ik;kZIr xkspj Hkwfe FkhA pkjs&nkus dh dksbZ deh ugh FkhA [ksrh esa bruk vUu vkSj pkjk gksrk Fkk fd x`gLFk Lo;a [kkdj vius Ik'kqvksa dks Hkh [kwc f[kyk ldrk FkkA [ksrks esa Ik'kq jgrs Fks] blls mudh [kkn [ksrks dks LokHkkfod feyrh FkhA gkFk ls dke djus dh vknr Fkh blls lHkh dqN lLrk iM+rk Fkk ] ij xk; ij dksbzZ Hkh [kpZ ugh FkkA xk; Hkkj ugh vk'khZokn FkhA uLy xkaoks esa vius vki Bhd djrh FksA xks/ku gh ije /ku gSA fpfdRlk ds ?kjsyq uqL[ks ;kn Fksa] ftlls xk; chekj ugh jg ikrh FkhA xk;ks dk vPNs [kk| iks"k.k gksrk FkkA vkSj lsok 'kqJw"kk ls jksx ls fuR; fueqDr jgrh FkhA larku vPNh gksrh Fkha nw/k cs'kwekj gksrk FkkA blls lkjk ifjokj nw/k ngh ih [kk ldrk FkkA nw/k ngh ckaVk tkrk FkkA cf<;k NkN ds fy;s [kqyk njoktk Fkk dksbZ Hkh ys tk;s ;g lc eq¶r esa gksrk FkkA uQs esa cp tkrk Fkk xkS dk ?kh mls vko';drkuqlkj x`gLFk csprs Fks] ij ck/; ugh Fks ?kh dh bruh cgqrk;kr Fkh fd ?kh nqgkjksa ls ijkslk tkrk FkkA pefp;ksa ls ugh A

bl n'kk esa tgka rd esjk [;ky gS fd ;s dkj[kkus can gksus rks cgqr dfBu gS ns'koklh vkUnksyu djds ljdkj bruk djk ns ;k dkj[kkus okys /keZ ds fopkj ls ftruk dj ldrs gks Lo;a gh dj ys rks cgqr vPNk gSA

foVkfeu ds fy;s ;fn eNyh ds rsy tSlh pht nh tkrh gks rks og dnkfi ugh nh tkuh pkfg;sA feykoV djus okyks dks dM+h ltk gksuh pkfg;sA bldk uke ?kh u j[kdj tek gqvk rsy j[kuk pkfg;s

esjh rks ns'kokfl;ksa ls ;g izkFkZuk gS fd tc rd LokLF;gkfu] vifo=rk vkSj fgalk dk rFkk blls gksusokyh xksoa'k dh gkfu dk dqN Hkh lansg gSa rc rd dksbZ [kkos gh ugh ?kh u feys rks 'kq} rsy [kkuk vPNk gS ?kh ds uke ij fcxkM+ gqvk rsy [kkus esa vkSj ;fn mles foVkfeu ds uke ij eNyh dk rsy feyk;k gks rks /keZ] vFkZ LokLF; dh gkfu gSA

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yksHko'k dlkbZ ds gkFk xk; cspuk] ;g cM+k gh uhp deZ gS vkSj bles funZ;rk Hkjh gSAxk;ks ds vax ij vax tksM+dj mUgs vf/kd vaxokyh cukdj yksxks dks Bxuk vkSj xk;ks dks d"V nsukA cNM+s &cNfM+;ks dks muds iks"k.k ds yk;d mfpr ek=k esa nw/k u nsukAxkfM+;ks es bruk cks> yknuk fd cSy py gh u ldsA fQj mij ls mudks cqjh rjg ls ekjukA ;g nnZukd utkjk 'kgjks dh cM+h cM+h lM+dks ij vki fuR; gh ns[k ldrs gSAcSyksa dks gkadrs le; mUgs cqjh rjg ekjukA fdlh&fdlh izkUr esa rks bruh funZ;rk gksrh gSa fd jFk ;k xkMh ds cSyksa dks ftl MaMs ls gkadrs gSA mldh vxyh uksd ij rh[kh /kkjokyh yksg dh uqdhyh dhy yxh jgrh gSa ftldh pksV ls muds [kwu cgus yxrk gSA eeZLFky esa pksV yx tkrh gS rks Ik'kq ej Hkh tkras gSaA

rhFkksZ esa i.Ms yksx ikS"k ek?k ds Hk;kud tkM+s esa NksVh&NksVh xjhc cNfM+;ksa dks aty esa [kM+h j[krs gSa vkSj ;k=h yksxks dks mudh iwaN idM+kdj dqN iSls ysdj xksnku dk ladYi djk nsrs gS u ;kf=;ks ds ikl xkS gksrh gSA vkSj u xks&nku djokus okys i.Ms iSlks ds ykyp ls ,slk funZ; dk.M djrs gSa cNM+h ?kaVks rd lnhZ esa dkairh gqbZ ty esa [kM+h jgrh gSa vcks/k ;k=h oSrj.kh rjus ds /kks[ks esa bl funZ; dk;Z esa lgk;rk djrs gSA

xk;ksa dks dlkbZ;ksa ds gkFk fcdokus ds fy;s nykyh djukA xk; cSy cNM+s vkfn dks dlkbZ [kkus igqpkus ds fy;s cgqr ls nyky gksrs gSa vktdy rks budh la[;k cgqr c<+ x;h gSa blesa eqlyeku gksrs gh gSA fuEu tkfr ds fgUnw Hkh yksHko'k ,slk ?k`f.kr dke djus esa ugh fgpdrs A

;s yksx rjg&rjg ls xk;ks dk uk'k djokrs gSA dLVe okyks ls iqfyl ls rFkk pjokgks ls feydj Ik'kqvksa dh pksjh djokrs gSa cM+s gh /keZfu"B tehankj ds ?kj Ik'kq tk;sxsa ,slk fo'okl fnykdj rFkk iSlks dk vf/kd ykyp nsdj ekfyd ls vFkok xkS'kkykvksa ls Ik'kqvksa dks [kjhn ysrs gSa blds vfrfjDr ;s yksx peM+s ds O;kikfj;ks dks Åaps nke ij fuf'pr le; ds vanj fuf'pr la[;k esa xkSvksa dk peM+k nsus dk dkWVsªDV djds muls is'kxh :Ik;s ys ysrs gSA

yksHko'k dlkbZ ds gkFk xk; cspuk] ;g cM+k gh uhp deZ gS vkSj bles funZ;rk Hkjh gSAxk;ks ds vax ij vax tksM+dj mUgs vf/kd vaxokyh cukdj yksxks dks Bxuk vkSj xk;ks dks d"V nsukA cNM+s &cNfM+;ks dks muds iks"k.k ds yk;d mfpr ek=k esa nw/k u nsukAxkfM+;ks es bruk cks> yknuk fd cSy py gh u ldsA fQj mij ls mudks cqjh rjg ls ekjukA ;g nnZukd utkjk 'kgjks dh cM+h cM+h lM+dks ij vki fuR; gh ns[k ldrs gSAcSyksa dks gkadrs le; mUgs cqjh rjg ekjukA fdlh&fdlh izkUr esa rks bruh funZ;rk gksrh gSa fd jFk ;k xkMh ds cSyksa dks ftl MaMs ls gkadrs gSA mldh vxyh uksd ij rh[kh /kkjokyh yksg dh uqdhyh dhy yxh jgrh gSa ftldh pksV ls muds [kwu cgus yxrk gSA eeZLFky esa pksV yx tkrh gS rks Ik'kq ej Hkh tkras gSaA

rhFkksZ esa i.Ms yksx ikS"k ek?k ds Hk;kud tkM+s esa NksVh&NksVh xjhc cNfM+;ksa dks aty esa [kM+h j[krs gSa vkSj ;k=h yksxks dks mudh iwaN idM+kdj dqN iSls ysdj xksnku dk ladYi djk nsrs gS u ;kf=;ks ds ikl xkS gksrh gSA vkSj u xks&nku djokus okys i.Ms iSlks ds ykyp ls ,slk funZ; dk.M djrs gSa cNM+h ?kaVks rd lnhZ esa dkairh gqbZ ty esa [kM+h jgrh gSa vcks/k ;k=h oSrj.kh rjus ds /kks[ks esa bl funZ; dk;Z esa lgk;rk djrs gSA

xk;ksa dks dlkbZ;ksa ds gkFk fcdokus ds fy;s nykyh djukA xk; cSy cNM+s vkfn dks dlkbZ [kkus igqpkus ds fy;s cgqr ls nyky gksrs gSa vktdy rks budh la[;k cgqr c<+ x;h gSa blesa eqlyeku gksrs gh gSA fuEu tkfr ds fgUnw Hkh yksHko'k ,slk ?k`f.kr dke djus esa ugh fgpdrs A

;s yksx rjg&rjg ls xk;ks dk uk'k djokrs gSA dLVe okyks ls iqfyl ls rFkk pjokgks ls feydj Ik'kqvksa dh pksjh djokrs gSa cM+s gh /keZfu"B tehankj ds ?kj Ik'kq tk;sxsa ,slk fo'okl fnykdj rFkk iSlks dk vf/kd ykyp nsdj ekfyd ls vFkok xkS'kkykvksa ls Ik'kqvksa dks [kjhn ysrs gSa blds vfrfjDr ;s yksx peM+s ds O;kikfj;ks dks Åaps nke ij fuf'pr le; ds vanj fuf'pr la[;k esa xkSvksa dk peM+k nsus dk dkWVsªDV djds muls is'kxh :Ik;s ys ysrs gSA

xksoa'k ij funZ;rk,sa ;k vR;kpkjxksoa'k ij funZ;rk,sa ;k vR;kpkj xk; dks HkjisV pkjk&nkuk [kkus dks u nsuk Agy esa detksj ;k csesy cSyksa dks tksrdj mu ij MaMs pykuk 'kkL=ks esa rks nks csyks ls gy tksruk gh iki cryk;k x;k gSA fQj ;fn os detksj ;k csesy gks vkSj mij ls ekjs tkrs gks rc rks ,slk djus okys izR;{k gh funZ;rk dk Hk;kud iki djrs gSAdqN O;oLFkk fd;s fcuk cNM+s dks nkxdj vlgk; NksM+ nsuk vksj ,sls Ok`"kksRlxZ ls LoxZ izkfIr dh dkeuk djukA viuh vkSj ijk;h xk;ksa dks cqjh rjg ls ekjukA ijk;h xk; ds [ksr ds ikl vkrs gh fdlku vkSj ljdkjh dkWth gkmlks esa ljdkj dh lqO;oLFkk ls Hkw[kks ejrh gqbZ xk;ks dks ogka ds j{kd ftl funZ;rk ls ekjrs mls ns[kk ugh tkrkA fudEeh vkSj detksj xkSdk nku djukA fudEeh xkS ftldks nku dh tkrh gSA og mls tks dqN iSls feyrs gSa mUgh ij csp nsrk gSa vkSj fudEeh gksus ds dkj.k og fdlh :Ik esa dlkbZ ds gkFk esa igqap tkrh gSA dbZ txg rks yksx xks'kkykvksa dks :Ik;s nks :Ik;s nsdj HkkMs+ ij xkS ys vkrs gSa vkSj nku dk rek'kk iwjk gks tkrk gSA

xk; dks HkjisV pkjk&nkuk [kkus dks u nsuk Agy esa detksj ;k csesy cSyksa dks tksrdj mu ij MaMs pykuk 'kkL=ks esa rks nks csyks ls gy tksruk gh iki cryk;k x;k gSA fQj ;fn os detksj ;k csesy gks vkSj mij ls ekjs tkrs gks rc rks ,slk djus okys izR;{k gh funZ;rk dk Hk;kud iki djrs gSAdqN O;oLFkk fd;s fcuk cNM+s dks nkxdj vlgk; NksM+ nsuk vksj ,sls Ok`"kksRlxZ ls LoxZ izkfIr dh dkeuk djukA viuh vkSj ijk;h xk;ksa dks cqjh rjg ls ekjukA ijk;h xk; ds [ksr ds ikl vkrs gh fdlku vkSj ljdkjh dkWth gkmlks esa ljdkj dh lqO;oLFkk ls Hkw[kks ejrh gqbZ xk;ks dks ogka ds j{kd ftl funZ;rk ls ekjrs mls ns[kk ugh tkrkA fudEeh vkSj detksj xkSdk nku djukA fudEeh xkS ftldks nku dh tkrh gSA og mls tks dqN iSls feyrs gSa mUgh ij csp nsrk gSa vkSj fudEeh gksus ds dkj.k og fdlh :Ik esa dlkbZ ds gkFk esa igqap tkrh gSA dbZ txg rks yksx xks'kkykvksa dks :Ik;s nks :Ik;s nsdj HkkMs+ ij xkS ys vkrs gSa vkSj nku dk rek'kk iwjk gks tkrk gSA

xkse; clrs y{eh&xkscj esa y{eh dk okl gSA xk; cpsxh&ns'k cpsxkA xk; dVsxh ns'k dVsxkA Ik'kq vkokjk NksM+uk vijk/k gSA xÅ dlkbZ dks cspuk egkiki gSA xksoa'k cpkuk gS] Hkkjr HkO; cukuk gSa A xÅ ekrk &fo'oekrkA dkSu gekjk lq[knkrk /kjrh /keZ vkSj xÅ ekrkA dVrh eS;k djs iqdkj&cUn djks ;g vR;kpkjAns'k /keZ dk ukrk gSA xÅ gekjh ekrk gSA xk; j{kk jk"Vª j{kkA vc xk; ds jDr dh ,d cwan dk fxjuk Hkh ns'k dk dyad gS A xk; dks xzkl f[kykus ls x`g Dys'k nwj gksrk gSA

lnk ;kn j[ksalnk ;kn j[ksa

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Hkxoku~ ls dkrj izkFkZuk tc tc i`Foh ij ladV vk;k ¼i`Foh ij ladV vkus dk vFkZ gh gSA xks czkã.k ij ladV vkuk½ rc&rc _f"k;ksa&nsorkvksa us xks:i/kkfj.kh ;k xks:ik i`Foh ds ihNs&ihNs tkdj Hkxoku ls d:.k izkFkZuk dh Hkxoku dks iqdkjk vkSj Qyr% mudk ladV Vyk A Hkxoku vorh.kZ gq, foiz /ksuq lqj lar fgr yhUg euqt vorkjA vr,o lcls vf/kd vko';d gS Hkxoku~ ds eaxye; fo/kku dh eaxye; O;oLFkk ds uhps vkuk vius dks Hkxoku ds dY;k.ke; pj.kksa esa iw.kZr;k lefiZr dj nsukA blesa iz/kku lk/ku gS gn; dh lPPkh vUkU; d:.k izkFkZuk xks dh j{kk ds fy;s Hkh lcls c<+dj ;gh lk/ku gS ftudk bles fo'okl gS mudks pkfg;s os J)kiwoZd fuR; Hkxoku ls dkrj izkFkZuk fd;k djsA ;fn izkFkZuk lR; gksxh vkSj gn; ls gksxh rks ,sls la;ksx vius vki cusaxs ftls xksj{kk dk ekxZ lqxe gks tk;sxkA

Hkxoku~ ls dkrj izkFkZuk tc tc i`Foh ij ladV vk;k ¼i`Foh ij ladV vkus dk vFkZ gh gSA xks czkã.k ij ladV vkuk½ rc&rc _f"k;ksa&nsorkvksa us xks:i/kkfj.kh ;k xks:ik i`Foh ds ihNs&ihNs tkdj Hkxoku ls d:.k izkFkZuk dh Hkxoku dks iqdkjk vkSj Qyr% mudk ladV Vyk A Hkxoku vorh.kZ gq,

A vr,o lcls vf/kd vko';d gS Hkxoku~ ds eaxye; fo/kku dh eaxye; O;oLFkk ds uhps vkuk vius dks Hkxoku ds dY;k.ke; pj.kksa esa iw.kZr;k lefiZr dj nsukA blesa iz/kku lk/ku gS gn; dh lPPkh vUkU; d:.k izkFkZuk xks dh j{kk ds fy;s Hkh lcls c<+dj ;gh lk/ku gS ftudk bles fo'okl gS mudks pkfg;s os J)kiwoZd fuR; Hkxoku ls dkrj izkFkZuk fd;k djsA ;fn izkFkZuk lR; gksxh vkSj gn; ls gksxh rks ,sls la;ksx vius vki cusaxs ftls xksj{kk dk ekxZ lqxe gks tk;sxkA

foiz /ksuq lqj lar fgr yhUg euqt vorkj

Hkxoku ls izkFkZuk

LojkT; izkfIr ls igys ftruh xksgR;k gksrh Fkh] mlls cgqr xquk vf/kd xksgR;k vkt gksrh gSA peM+s ds fu;kZr esa Hkkjr dk eq[; LFkku gSA Ik'kqvksa dks funZ;rkiwoZd cM+h rsth ls u"V fd;k tk jgk gSA xk;ksaa dk oa'k gh u"V gks jgk gSA iSlksa ds yksHk ls cM+h ek=k esa xksekal dk fu;kZr fd;k tk jgk gSA :i;ksa ds yksHk ls cqf) bruh Hkz"V gks x;h gS fd Ik'kqvksa ds fouk'k dks ekal mRiknu ekuk tk jgk gSA HksM+&cdfj;ksaa] eNfy;ksa] eqfxZ;ksa vkfn dk rks ikyu vkSj lao/kZu fd;k tk jgk gS] ij ftudk xkscj&xksew= Hkh mi;ksxh gksrk gS] mu xk;ksa dh gR;k dh tk jgh gSA [kqn esa rks vDy ugha vkSj nwljh dh ekurs ugha ;g n'kk gks jgh gSA

:Ik;ksa ls oLrq,as Js"B gS] oLrqvksa ls Ik'kq Js"B gS] Ik'kqvksa ls euq"; Js"B gS] euq";ksa esa Hkh foosd Js"B gS vkSj foosd ls Hkh lRk~ & RkRo ¼ijekReRkRo ½ Js"B gSA ijUrq vkt lRk~ &rRo dh mis{kk gks jgh gS] frjLdkj gks jgk gS] vkSj vlr~& oLrq :Ik;ksaa dks c+M+k egRo fn;k tk jgk gSa A :Ik;ksa ds fy;s vewY; xks/ku dks Uk"V fd;k tk jgk gSA xk;ksa ls :Ik;s iSnk fd;s tk ldrs gSa xkaoks dh ijEijk rks xk;ksa ls pyrh gSA tc xk;sa ugh jgsxh] rc :Ik;ksa ls D;k gksxkA mYVs ns'k fucZy vkSj ijk/khu gks tk;sxkA xk;sa Hkh [kRe gks tk;sxh] :Ik;s HkhA :Ik;s rks xk;ksa ds thfor jgus ls gh iSnk gksaxsA xk;ksa dks ekjdj :Ik;s iSnk djuk cqf)ekuh ugha gSa

LojkT; izkfIr ls igys ftruh xksgR;k gksrh Fkh] mlls cgqr xquk vf/kd xksgR;k vkt gksrh gSA peM+s ds fu;kZr esa Hkkjr dk eq[; LFkku gSA Ik'kqvksa dks funZ;rkiwoZd cM+h rsth ls u"V fd;k tk jgk gSA xk;ksaa dk oa'k gh u"V gks jgk gSA iSlksa ds yksHk ls cM+h ek=k esa xksekal dk fu;kZr fd;k tk jgk gSA :i;ksa ds yksHk ls cqf) bruh Hkz"V gks x;h gS fd Ik'kqvksa ds fouk'k dks ekal mRiknu ekuk tk jgk gSA HksM+&cdfj;ksaa] eNfy;ksa] eqfxZ;ksa vkfn dk rks ikyu vkSj lao/kZu fd;k tk jgk gS] ij ftudk xkscj&xksew= Hkh mi;ksxh gksrk gS] mu xk;ksa dh gR;k dh tk jgh gSA [kqn esa rks vDy ugha vkSj nwljh dh ekurs ugha ;g n'kk gks jgh gSA

:Ik;ksa ls oLrq,as Js"B gS] oLrqvksa ls Ik'kq Js"B gS] Ik'kqvksa ls euq"; Js"B gS] euq";ksa esa Hkh foosd Js"B gS vkSj foosd ls Hkh lRk~ & RkRo ¼ijekReRkRo ½ Js"B gSA ijUrq vkt lRk~ &rRo dh mis{kk gks jgh gS] frjLdkj gks jgk gS] vkSj vlr~& oLrq :Ik;ksaa dks c+M+k egRo fn;k tk jgk gSa A :Ik;ksa ds fy;s vewY; xks/ku dks Uk"V fd;k tk jgk gSA xk;ksa ls :Ik;s iSnk fd;s tk ldrs gSa xkaoks dh ijEijk rks xk;ksa ls pyrh gSA tc xk;sa ugh jgsxh] rc :Ik;ksa ls D;k gksxkA mYVs ns'k fucZy vkSj ijk/khu gks tk;sxkA xk;sa Hkh [kRe gks tk;sxh] :Ik;s HkhA :Ik;s rks xk;ksa ds thfor jgus ls gh iSnk gksaxsA xk;ksa dks ekjdj :Ik;s iSnk djuk cqf)ekuh ugha gSa

milaagkj

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