A380 safety and evacuation - meeting the challenge presentation A380 Cabin safety...

© Airbus Industrie March 02 ref. AI/LE-C 821.0203/01Proprietary information, subject to conditions on last page.

A380 safety and evacuationA380 safety and evacuation-- meeting the challengemeeting the challenge

John K LauberJohn K LauberVice President Safety and Technical AffairsVice President Safety and Technical AffairsAirbus North AmericaAirbus North America

Southern California Safety InstituteSouthern California Safety Institute19th Annual Aircraft Cabin Safety Symposium19th Annual Aircraft Cabin Safety SymposiumLos Angeles, California, 6th March 2002Los Angeles, California, 6th March 2002


TEAMWORK MAKES IT HAPPEN !TEAMWORK MAKES IT HAPPEN !


General Information - A380 Configuration

Emergency Evacuation Concept - Basic Principles

Some Fire Safety Aspects

Summary of Stair Tests and Analyses

ContentsContents


Airlines(cockpit & cabin crew,

engineering,maintenance)

Airports(planning, ground service,

ARFF groups)

Research Institutesand universities

Regulatory Bodies(airworthiness authorities,

airport authorities etc.)

Psychologists, physiciansand human factors specialists

Equipment andsystem suppliers

General informationGeneral information


555 pax total (typical 3-class layout)

total upper deck: 199 pax96 B/C 103 E/C

22 F/C 334 E/Ctotal main deck: 356 pax

The cabinThe cabin


3 Type A emergency exits on UD(sill height 7,9m ≅ 747 UD)

5 Type A emergency exits on MD(sill height 5,1m ≅ A330/A340)

Distances between emergency exits

in accordance withairworthiness regulations

Locations of emergency exitsbased on safe slide/raft deployment

in wind conditions

Applicability „90sec-rule“ confirmed by aviation safety &

certification professionals(refer to VLTA Conference*)

* Very Large Transport Aeroplane Conference, Noordwijkerhout/Netherlands, 1998

Compliance with „90sec-rule“can be shown referring to proven

evacuees-emergency exitratio capability

Emergency exitsEmergency exits


Emergency Evacuation ConceptEmergency Evacuation Concept

Stairs not needed for emergency evacuation,but offers additional potential.

Slide/Rafts for main and upper deck exits.Two independent passenger decks.


• Slide/Rafts of different designs were built and tested by the two leading emergency systems evacuation manufacturers(Air Cruisers Company andGoodrich in co-operation with Airbus

Example for Phase I (1996/97) InflatableGoodrich Proprietary

• Focus has been onSliding VelocityStabilityDeployment RepeatabilityEvacuation PerformancePsychological Effects

driven by . . .

• . . . new enhanced equipment qualification & aircraft certification requirements as well as Airbus internal safety goals/requirements

Concept demonstrator programConcept demonstrator program


Evacuation System RequirementsEvacuation System Requirements

Evacuation capability of70 pax/min/lane

Stability test(“Slug test “) with sand bags

of 500 lbs on EACH lane

Compliance has already been shown by actual testing

Safe deployment in25 knots wind conditionsunder all wind directions

in 6 sec

Velocity at toe endof an upper deck slide/raft

within the range of slide/raftscertified on A330/A340

aircraft



Example for Phase II (1997/98) InflatableGoodrich Proprietary

“Traditional” (state-of-the-art)tube construction inflatable Enhanced inflatable

Concept demonstrator programConcept demonstrator program


Influence of emergency exit height on human behaviour during evacuation with slide/rafts tested and analysed

Tests guided by a team of psychologists specialist on man-machine interface issues

Test persons composition in accordance with existing standards (mix of age and gender)

Test subjects had to fill out three questionnaires at different points in time and were interviewed immediately after the trials(example for psychologists’ team task)

Comparison of human behavior at ‘main’ and ‘upper’ deck exits by ‘Latin Square Test’ to identify influencing parameters(emergency evacuation systems design, sill height)

Human factors aspects of stair designHuman factors aspects of stair design



“Traditional” (state-of-the-art)tube construction inflatable

Major conclusion of these test trials:Evacuees’ tendency to ‘hesitate’ before jumping onto main and upper deckslide comparableSound consideration of human factors aspects during developmentensures safe and rapid UD evacuation.

Enhanced inflatable

Example for Phase II (1997/98) InflatableGoodrich Proprietary

Human factors aspects of stair designHuman factors aspects of stair design


Evacuation system based on inflatable technology is the most suitable means of ensuring an optimum combination of egress safety, deployment time, performance etc.New design philosophies for evacuation systems inflatable will increase the safety level

Crew procedures will remain as for today´s evacuation systems

Optimised sliding performance will be achieved by e.g.“low“ sliding angletoe end designlow velocity sliding surface

In terms of A380 program planning, Airbus is currently in the predevelopment phase of the evacuation system.

Concept design and validation testing wereaccomplished a FULL FIVE YEARS before

the A380’s entry into service !

SummarySummary


A number of tests have been performed, in order to ensure safe performance during all operation scenariosExisting stair designs - in aircraft and non-aeronautical applications - as well as numerous stair design guidelines and standards have been consideredAs a first step the forward stair has beeninvestigated, varying main characteristics:

stair shape and widthhandrailsnumber of stepsangle of inclineoverhead clearancetread dimensions

Test have been performed with various user groups in terms of age, body size, mobility etc. under realistic operational conditions

Industrial design study of forward stair

Stair designStair design


Test setTest set--upup

Upper deckMain deck


Test setTest set--up variationsup variations


Stair trialsStair trials


TreadTread--cam viewcam view


In subsequent interviews most of the participants confirmed the comfort of the preliminary stair concept

Preliminary design concept is close to that of astandard (non-aeronautical) as acknowledged indesign guidelines with regard to safety, comfort

and energy consumption.

Rear stair will be incorporated and evaluated in comparable manner to forward stair

Further tests will be performed to evaluate preliminary stair design

Results of stair trialsResults of stair trials


A380 Design will exceed existing fire safety regulations.

A380 will be the first new programme to integrate more severe rules on resistance to flame propagation and flame penetration (i.e. burnthrough) of insulation material.

With regard to a double-deck configuration, smoke propagation between decks in an in-flight fire scenario has been evaluated.

No evidence for significant chimney effect has been found

Fire safety aspectsFire safety aspects


The A380 will provide a new standard of The A380 will provide a new standard of safety in line with its 2006 Entrysafety in line with its 2006 Entry--IntoInto--Service:Service:

one that the travelling public will rightly take one that the travelling public will rightly take for granted.”for granted.”


Thank you.Thank you.


IMPORTANT NOTICE

This document contains Airbus Industrie PROPRIETARY INFORMATION and shall at all timesremain the property of Airbus Industrie; no intellectual property right or license is granted by

Airbus Industrie in connection with any information contained in it.

It is delivered on the express condition that said document and the information contained in itshall be treated as confidential, shall not be used for any purpose other than that for which it is

hereby delivered, shall not be disclosed in whole or in part to third parties and shall not beduplicated in any manner, without Airbus Industrie’s prior written consent.

A380 safety and evacuation - meeting the challenge presentation A380 Cabin safety...

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