A2S2T6 - ETE Project Design - Construction Specifications

KINDER MORGAN CANADA INC. ENGINEERING STANDARDS AND PRACTICES

EXTERNAL COATING OF PIPING, COMPONENTS, AND STRUCTURAL STEEL GC3101, Revision 3, June 2007


GC3101 Revision 3 June 2007 Page 1 of 10

Title: EXTERNAL COATING OF PIPING, COMPONENTS, AND STRUCTURAL STEEL

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 GENERAL ............................................................................................................ 3

2.0 REFERENCE PUBLICATIONS ............................................................................ 3

3.0 LIMITING ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS ........................................................... 3

4.0 COATING SYSTEM ............................................................................................. 3 4.1 Approved Manufacturers ............................................................................ 3 4.2 Topcoat Colours ........................................................................................ 4

4.2.1 Trans Mountain .......................................................................................... 4 4.2.2 Express ...................................................................................................... 5 4.2.3 Platte ......................................................................................................... 6

5.0 SURFACE PREPERATION .................................................................................. 6 5.1 Surface Irregularities .................................................................................. 6 5.2 Pre-Blast Cleaning ..................................................................................... 6 5.3 Blast Cleaning ............................................................................................ 6 5.4 Blasting Equipment Grounding .................................................................. 6 5.5 Blast Cleaning Abrasive ............................................................................. 7 5.6 Masking ..................................................................................................... 7 5.7 Surface Contamination .............................................................................. 7 5.8 Incomplete Blasting Prior to Priming .......................................................... 7 5.9 Coating Contamination .............................................................................. 7 5.10 Re-Blasting ................................................................................................ 8 5.11 Dead Man Control ...................................................................................... 8 5.12 Alternate Cleaning Methods ....................................................................... 8

6.0 APPLICATION ...................................................................................................... 8 6.1 Manufacturers Requirements ..................................................................... 8 6.2 Coating Film Continuity .............................................................................. 8 6.3 Wet Film Thickness.................................................................................... 8 6.4 Overspray .................................................................................................. 8 6.5 Handling or Shipping ................................................................................. 8 6.6 Measures for Corroded Surfaces ............................................................... 9 6.7 Clean-Up and Disposal .............................................................................. 9



Title: EXTERNAL COATING OF PIPING, COMPONENTS, AND STRUCTURAL STEEL 7.0 INSPECTION ........................................................................................................ 9

7.1 Daily Reporting .......................................................................................... 9 7.2 Inspection Equipment ................................................................................ 9 7.3 Inspection Hold Points ............................................................................... 9

8.0 SAFETY DATA SHEETS .................................................................................... 10




1.0 GENERAL This standard prescribes the surface preparation and application of coating materials to aboveground piping, fittings, valves, equipment, and structural steel. It is applicable to coatings applied in both shop and field environments. Aluminum, stainless steel, and galvanized fittings are to be left unpainted unless specified by Kinder Morgan Canada Inc.

2.0 REFERENCE PUBLICATIONS The following codes and standards (latest issue) shall form part of this specification: SSPC-PA-1 Shop, Field and Maintenance Painting SSPC-SP-1 Solvent Cleaning SSPC-SP-6 Commercial Blast Cleaning SSPC-SP-7 Brush-Off Blast Cleaning SSPC-SP-10 Near White Metal Blast Cleaning SSPC-SP-11 Power Tool Cleaning to Bare Metal The Manufacturers recommendations for the use of their coatings shall be considered a part of this specification. The Contractor shall not intermix manufactured products.

3.0 LIMITING ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS Surfaces shall not be prepared or coated when:

The relative humidity is greater than 80%; The surface temperature is less than 3C (5F) above the dew point; The surface temperature is lower than 10C (50F); One or more of the above conditions may be reasonably expected to

occur within 8 hours unless otherwise approved by Kinder Morgan Canada.

4.0 COATING SYSTEM

4.1 Approved Manufacturers The specified coating systems are listed in Table 4.1.A. Deviations are not allowed without prior approval in writing from the Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. Designated Representative. The Contractor shall specify, at the tender stage, all precleaning, blasting, and coating material to be used. Film thickness for each material listed shall be in accordance with the manufacturers specifications. The total paint system (both primer and




top coat) shall be 6 to 10 mdft. Unless otherwise specified, the top coat finish shall be high gloss.

TABLE 4.1.A - COATING SYSTEMS

Paint Manufacturer Coat Material

ICI/Devoe Primer Options Bar Rust 231, 235, or 236

Devran 201 TopcoatOptions Devthane 359, 379, or 389

International Primer Options Intergard 345 or 251

Topcoat Options Interthane 990 or 870

Cloverdale Primer 8315 Series

Topcoat 834 Series

Endura Primer EP 421 HIBLD

Topcoat EX2C

Sigma Primer Sigmacover CM Miocoat II 7427US

Topcoat Sigmadur Verafinish 5522

Carboline Primer Carboguard 893

Topcoat Carbothane 134HG

Sherwinn Williams Primer B67 Series

Topcoat B65-300 Series

Valspar Primer Valchem 13F62/13R62

Topcoat Vthane Series 54

4.2 Topcoat Colours

4.2.1 Trans Mountain The topcoat colours designated by RAL numbers for Trans Mountain Pipeline including the Puget Sound and the Jet Fuel systems shall be as specified in Table 4.2.A.




TABLE 4.2.A TRANS MOUNTAIN TOPCOAT COLOURS

Surfaces Standard Colour Scheme Colour RAL Number

Piping and Shoes White RAL9003 Valve Body(1) Dark Green RAL6005

Valve Actuator and Gear Boxes(1) Dark Green RAL6005 Valve Handwheel(1) Orange RAL2008 Motors and Pumps Light Green RAL6018 Coupling Guards Orange RAL2008

Handrails and Kickplates Yellow RAL1021 Structural Steel Black RAL9005

(1) For new facilities valves, actuators, and handwheels shall be white (RAL 9003).

4.2.2 Express The topcoat color for all piping, components, and structural steel covered by this standard for Express U.S. shall be tan designated by U.S. Federal Standard (FS) 595B 20318. The topcoat colours for Express Canada designated by RAL numbers shall be as specified in Table 4.2.B.

TABLE 4.2.B EXPRESS CANADA TOPCOAT COLOURS

Surfaces Standard Colour Scheme Colour RAL Number

Piping and Shoes White RAL9003 Valve Body White RAL9003

Valve Actuator and Gear Boxes White RAL9003 Valve Handwheel Black RAL9005

Motors and Pumps White RAL9003 Motor and Pump Base Black RAL9005

Handrails and Kickplates Yellow RAL1021 Structural Steel Black RAL9005




4.2.3 Platte The topcoat colors designated by U.S. Federal Standard numbers for Platte Pipeline shall be as specified in Table 4.2.C.

TABLE 4.2.C PLATTE TOPCOAT COLORS

Surfaces Standard Color Scheme Color FS Number

Piping and Shoes Gray 595B 16440 Outside Diameter of Flanges Blue 595B 25184

Valve Body Gray 595B 16440 Valve Actuator and Gear Boxes Gray 595B 16440

Valve Handwheel Blue 595B 25184 Motors and Pumps Gray 595B 16440

Motor and Pump Base Gray 595B 16440 Handrails and Kickplates Yellow 595B 33655

Structural Steel Gray 595B 16440

5.0 SURFACE PREPARATION

5.1 Surface Irregularities Before commencing blast cleaning all weld spatter, flux, slag, laminations, burred edges, and sharp projections shall be ground off. Rough hand welds shall be ground to minimum 3 mm () radius or to the acceptance of Kinder Morgan Canada Inc.

5.2 Pre-Blast Cleaning All oil, grease, and other deleterious matter shall be removed by chemical cleaning per SSPC-SP-1 prior to any preparation and/or coating application. Bio-degradable water based degreasers shall be used for pre-blast cleaning at all Kinder Morgan Canada facilities.

5.3 Blast Cleaning All structural steel and hand rails to be coated shall receive a Commercial Blast Cleaning in accordance with SSPC-SP-6. All other surfaces to be coated shall receive a Near White Metal Blast Cleaning in accordance with SSPC-SP-10.

5.4 Blasting Equipment Grounding For surface preparation activities at Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. facilities, all blasting equipment, including the nozzle, shall be electrically grounded to the work prior to the commencement of blasting. As a minimum,




12 AWG insulated flexible conductor wire shall be employed for grounding. Grounding connections shall be inspected whenever the blasting equipment is repositioned.

5.5 Blast Cleaning Abrasive Abrasive used for blast cleaning shall be new, unused, dry, neutral PH, low chloride (




5.10 Re-Blasting Where rusting or blooming occurs, the metal surfaces shall be re-blasted to remove all rust and blooming. Surfaces shall be blown free of blasting abrasives before the surface is primed.

5.11 Dead Man Control Abrasive blast nozzles must be equipped with a fully operational Dead Man Control.

5.12 Alternate Cleaning Methods Where blast cleaning is not practical, cleaning by power or hand-tool methods may be used upon approval by Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. All power tool cleaning shall be performed in accordance with SSPC-SP-11.

6.0 APPLICATION

6.1 Manufacturers Requirements The manufacturers written requirements for coating, mixing, handling, application, curing, and overcoating shall be mandatory.

6.2 Coating Film Continuity Coatings shall be uniformly applied with adequate overlap, minimum 75 mm (3), and be free of runs, sags, holidays, pinholes, voids, mud-cracking, and other anomalies.

6.3 Wet Film Thickness During the coating application, personnel shall regularly utilize wet film thickness gauges to ensure the application shall result in the dry film thickness measurements stipulated in Table 4.1.A.

6.4 Overspray For surface applications at Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. facilites, any surface inadvertently contaminated with overspray or otherwise displaced coating shall be cleaned or recoated at no extra cost to Kinder Morgan Canada Inc.

6.5 Handling or Shipping The coating Manufacturers hard dry cure requirements must be met before any handling or shipping can be performed.




6.6 Measures for Corroded Surfaces For coating over corrosion pitted substrates, special application measures such as back rolling the coating material to ensure adequate coverage shall be undertaken.

6.7 Clean-Up and Disposal The contractor shall store, transport, and dispose of all waste materials in accordance with all applicable federal, provincial/state, and local regulations.

7.0 INSPECTION

7.1 Daily Reporting For the duration of the work, daily coating/inspection reports included with this specification shall be completed. Alternatively, a similar form pre-approved by Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. may be used. Ambient conditions shall be recorded a minimum of four times per day or as requested by Kinder Morgan Canada.

7.2 Inspection Equipment The contractor shall have the following inspection equipment calibrated and available for use:

Surface temperature measuring instruments; Micrometer c/w replica tape; NACE VIS 1-89 reference photos; SCAT kit; Psychrometer and dewpoint chart; Wet film thickness gauge; Dry film thickness gauge.

7.3 Inspection Hold Points The work shall be subject to inspection and acceptance by Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. before proceeding at the following hold points; these hold points shall be identified on the contractors inspection test plan:

Pre-job meeting; After blast cleaning and prior to priming; After priming and prior to application of topcoat; Final inspection including submission and acceptance of all quality

control documentation.



Title: EXTERNAL COATING OF PIPING, COMPONENTS, AND STRUCTURAL STEEL 8.0 SAFETY DATA SHEETS

All materials to be used shall be clearly labelled with batch numbers and other pertinent data. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are to be provided for all materials to be used at Kinder Morgan Canada facilities.

COATING INSPECTION DAILY REPORT SITE AND JOB DESCRIPTION:

Inspector Date

SURFACE PREPARATION

Pre Inspection Comments

Defects Corrected

Pre Cleaning Method

Equipment Used

Chloride Levels (Post Blast SCAT): Comments:

BLASTING ABRASIVE

Type/Grade of Abrasive Spec. Standard

Abrasive Check for: Cleanliness

Abrasive Check for: pH

AMBIENT CONDITIONS

Condition Time Time Time Time Time Time Air Temperature C/F Wet Bulb Temp. C/F Relative Humidity % Steel Temperature C/F Dew Point C/F Wind Direction Wind Speed kph/

mph

ANCHOR PROFILE MEASUREMENTS

Min. Max. Mean Hrs. Left Uncoated Comments:

COATINGS

Coat

Paint Manufacturer

Description

Batch Application

Color

MDFT Before

W.F.T.

Name & Description

Number Method This Coat

Min Max

1. 2.

Coat M.D.F.T.

Mixing Thinning Storage Holidays Defects/Comments: Min Max 1. 2. Provide Comments on Coating Appearance/Acceptance:


EXTERNAL COATING OF BURIED PIPING GC3102, Revision 0, May 1995

Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. ENGINEERING STANDARDS AND PRACTICES

GC3102 Revision 0 May 15, 1995 Page 1 of 11

Title: EXTERNAL COATING OF BURIED PIPING

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 SCOPE ................................................................................................................. 3 2.0 REFERENCE PUBLICATIONS ............................................................................ 3 3.0 DEFINITIONS ....................................................................................................... 3

3.1 Contractor .................................................................................................. 3 3.2 Holiday ....................................................................................................... 3 3.3 Manufacturer .............................................................................................. 3 3.4 mdft ............................................................................................................ 3 3.5 SSPC ......................................................................................................... 3

4.0 GENERAL ............................................................................................................ 4 4.1 Supervision ................................................................................................ 4 4.2 Materials .................................................................................................... 4

4.2.1 General ...................................................................................................... 4 4.2.2 Storage ...................................................................................................... 4

4.3 Clean-Up and Disposal .............................................................................. 4 4.3.1 General ...................................................................................................... 4 4.3.2 Abrasive Blast Materials ............................................................................ 4 4.3.3 Coating Containers and Waste Materials .................................................. 5 4.3.4 Final Clean-Up ........................................................................................... 5

4.4 Labour ........................................................................................................ 5 4.5 Limiting Atmospheric Conditions ................................................................ 5

5.0 COATING SYSTEM ............................................................................................. 6 5.1 Approved Manufacturers ............................................................................ 6

6.0 SURFACE PREPARATION .................................................................................. 6 6.1 Surface Irregularities .................................................................................. 6 6.2 Pre-Blast Cleaning ..................................................................................... 6 6.3 Blast Cleaning ............................................................................................ 6 6.4 Blasting Equipment Grounding .................................................................. 6 6.5 Blast Cleaning Abrasive ............................................................................. 7 6.6 Masking ..................................................................................................... 7 6.7 Surface Contamination .............................................................................. 7 6.8 Incomplete Blasting Prior to Priming .......................................................... 7 6.9 Coating Contamination .............................................................................. 7 6.10 Re-Blasting ................................................................................................ 7 6.11 Dead Man Control ...................................................................................... 7 6.12 Alternate Cleaning Methods ....................................................................... 7

7.0 APPLICATION ...................................................................................................... 8




7.1 Rust Blooming ........................................................................................... 8 7.2 Spray Equipment ....................................................................................... 8 7.3 Film Continuity ........................................................................................... 8 7.4 Compressed Air Quality ............................................................................. 8 7.5 Air Pressure ............................................................................................... 8 7.6 Film Thickness ........................................................................................... 8 7.7 Coating Contamination .............................................................................. 8 7.8 Overspray .................................................................................................. 9

8.0 INSPECTION ........................................................................................................ 9 8.1 Contractor's On-Site Supervisor, Quality Control ....................................... 9 8.2 Contractor's Inspection Equipment ............................................................ 9 8.3 Inspection Hold Points ............................................................................... 9

9.0 SAFETY DATA SHEETS ...................................................................................... 9




1.0 SCOPE This standard prescribes the surface preparation and application of coating materials to external surfaces on buried piping and fittings. Aluminum, stainless steel and galvanized fittings are to be left uncoated unless specified.

2.0 REFERENCE PUBLICATIONS The following codes and standards (latest issue) shall form part of this standard:

SSPC-PA-1 Shop, Field and Maintenance Painting

SSPC-SP-1 Solvent Cleaning

SSPC-SP-7 Brush-off Blast Cleaning

SSPC-SP-10 Near White Metal Blast Cleaning

The manufacturer's recommendations for the use of their coatings shall be considered a part of this standard. The Contractor may intermix manufactured products but must use a specified coating system approved by Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. The Contractor shall use the materials specified in Section 5.0 of this standard.

3.0 DEFINITIONS

3.1 Contractor Contractor shall mean the coating applicator.

3.2 Holiday A discontinuity that exhibits electrical conductivity when exposed to a specific voltage.

3.3 Manufacturer Manufacturer shall mean the coating manufacturer or supplier.

3.4 mdft Units of measure for coating applications - mils dry film thickness (0.001 inches).

3.5 SSPC SSPC stands for the Steel Structures Painting Council.



Title: EXTERNAL COATING OF BURIED PIPING 4.0 GENERAL

4.1 Supervision The Contractor shall have a full-time supervisor on site at all times during the course of the work. The on-site supervisor is expected to be completely familiar with conditions and constraints existing in the work area and shall insure that all of the Contractor's personnel are aware of potential hazards.

4.2 Materials

4.2.1 General The Contractor shall supply all thinners, cleaning and coating materials in sufficient quantities to complete the Work. The Contractor shall be responsible for receiving and unloading these materials. The Contractor shall keep a strict account of all materials used during the course of the Work.

4.2.2 Storage The Contractor shall insure that all containers are suitablely stored to prevent damage to or rusting of the containers, and to preserve all identifying labels and markings. Paint, thinners, and abrasive materials in damaged or leaking containers shall be rejected and shall be the responsibility of the Contractor.

4.3 Clean-Up and Disposal

4.3.1 General The Contractor shall store, transport, and dispose of all waste materials in accordance with all applicable Federal and Provincial regulations. The Contractor shall disclose, in writing, the proposed methods of waste storage, transport, and disposal to Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. not less than one week prior to the completion of the coating work. The Contractor shall provide written confirmation that the methods used were in accordance with the requirements listed above (including copies of manifests and disposal facility receipts), to Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. not more than one week after the waste transport and disposal.

4.3.2 Abrasive Blast Materials The Contractor shall sweep-up, collect, and place all abrasive blast materials used into appropriate disposal containers.




4.3.3 Coating Containers and Waste Materials The Contractor shall place all waste materials into appropriate disposal containers at the end of each working day.

4.3.4 Final Clean-Up Upon completion of the coating work, the Contractor shall ensure that the work area is in it's original clean state and that all equipment and materials have been removed from Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. property.

4.4 Labour All surface preparation and application shall be carried out by tradesmen skilled in the application of corrosion-resistant protective coatings.

4.5 Limiting Atmospheric Conditions Surfaces shall not be coated when: a) the relative humidity is greater than 80%;

b) the surface temperature is within 3C of the Dew Point or dropping;

c) the ambient air temperature is lower than 10C;

d) there is a possibility that the blasted surface will be subject to wetting before the primer can be applied.




5.0 COATING SYSTEM

5.1 Approved Manufacturers The specified coating systems are listed in Table 5.1.A. Deviations are not allowed without prior approval from Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. The Contractor shall specify, at the tender stage, all precleaning, blasting, and coating material to be used.

TABLE 5.1.A -- COATING SYSTEMS

Paint Manufacturer Material Coating Thickness (mdft) Minimum Maximum

Madewell Quikset 1127 20 30

Standard 1103 25 35

6.0 SURFACE PREPARATION

6.1 Surface Irregularities Before commencing blast cleaning all weld spatter, flux, slag, laminations, burred edges, and sharp projections shall be ground off. Rough hand welds shall be ground to minimum 3 mm radius.

6.2 Pre-Blast Cleaning All oil, grease, and other deleterious matter shall be removed by chemical cleaning with bio-degradable water based degreasers per SSPC-SP-1 prior to any preparation and/or coating application.

6.3 Blast Cleaning All surfaces to be coated shall receive a Near White Metal Blast Cleaning in accordance with SSPC-SP-10.

6.4 Blasting Equipment Grounding All blasting equipment, including the nozzle, shall be electrically grounded to the work prior to the commencement of blasting. As a minimum, 12 AWG insulated flexible conductor wire shall be employed for grounding. Grounding connections shall be inspected whenever the blasting equipment is repositioned.




6.5 Blast Cleaning Abrasive Abrasive used for blast cleaning shall be new, unused, dry, neutral PH, hard material of angular configuration, and free of dust, clay, or other foreign particles. Particle size shall range from approximately 20 to 40 mesh with a maximum of 5% retained on No. 20 U.S. Standard Sieve.

6.6 Masking Care shall be exercised in blast cleaning to avoid damage to name plates, gauges, instruments, electrical controls, and coated conduit. Unless otherwise specified, these surfaces shall not be painted.

6.7 Surface Contamination Freshly blasted surfaces shall not be contaminated by workers' hands or feet.

6.8 Incomplete Blasting Prior to Priming A 300 mm wide strip of unpainted blasted surface shall be left between primed and unblasted surfaces. When additional blasting is done, the 300 mm strip of previously blasted surface shall receive a light brush blast in order to remove any rust. Such cleaning shall be accomplished by holding the nozzle in a direction away from the painted surface.

6.9 Coating Contamination Special care shall be taken to ensure that blasting abrasive or dust is not allowed to contaminate freshly applied coating. All dust and foreign matter shall be completely removed from an existing coat before application of a new coat. Any coating so contaminated shall be removed and replaced at Contractor's expense.

6.10 Re-Blasting No more surface shall be blasted than can be prime coated before visible or detrimental re-rusting occurs. Blasted surfaces shall be prime painted by the end of the same work day or before any rust bloom occurs.

6.11 Dead Man Control Abrasive blast nozzles must be equipped with a fully operational "Dead Man Control".

6.12 Alternate Cleaning Methods Where blast cleaning is not practical, cleaning by power or hand tool methods may be used upon specific approval by Kinder Morgan Canada Inc.



Title: EXTERNAL COATING OF BURIED PIPING 7.0 APPLICATION

7.1 Rust Blooming Where rusting or blooming occurs the metal surfaces shall be re-blasted to remove all rust and blooming. Surfaces must be blown free of blasting abrasives before the surface is primed.

7.2 Spray Equipment Spray equipment suitable for the intended purpose shall be used. It shall be capable of properly atomizing the paint to be applied and shall be equipped with suitable pressure regulators and gauges in good working order. The air caps, nozzles and needles shall be those recommended by the spray equipment manufacturer for the paint being applied.

7.3 Film Continuity All coatings shall be uniformly applied with adequate overlap of spray pattern and be free of runs, sags, holidays, pinholes, voids, mud-cracking and other anomalies.

7.4 Compressed Air Quality Traps or separators shall be provided to remove oil and condensed water from the air. They must be of adequate size and be drained periodically during application. The air from the spray gun impinging against the surface shall show no signs of condensed water or oil.

7.5 Air Pressure The atomizing air pressure at the gun shall be high enough to properly atomize the paint, but not so high as to cause excessive fogging, loss of solvent or overspray.

7.6 Film Thickness The contractor shall provide the tradesmen applying coating materials with wet film thickness gauges to ensure the application will result in the correct final dry film thickness.

7.7 Coating Contamination If in the judgment of Kinder Morgan Canada Inc.s representative a coating's performance has been jeopardized by contact with rain, moisture condensation, dust, or other foreign elements it shall be removed and replaced.




7.8 Overspray Any surfaces contaminated by the Contractor with overspray or otherwise displaced coating shall be cleaned or repainted to Kinder Morgan Canada Inc.'s satisfaction.

8.0 INSPECTION

8.1 Contractor's On-Site Supervisor, Quality Control For the duration of the job the Contractor's on-site supervisor shall provide daily reports on progress and status of the work. These reports shall be made on the attached form.

8.2 Contractor's Inspection Equipment The Contractor must have the following inspection equipment on site: surface thermometer, hygrometer, dewpoint chart, wet mil gauge and dry film thickness gauge.

8.3 Inspection Hold Points The work shall be subject to inspection and approval by Kinder Morgan Canada Inc.'s representative before proceeding at the following points: a) After blast cleaning and prior to priming;

b) After priming and prior to application of Topcoat;

c) Final Inspection. This shall include a visual examination for anomalies and film thickness measurements.

9.0 SAFETY DATA SHEETS All material brought on site shall be clearly labelled with batch numbers and other pertinent data readily available. MSDS sheets, as required by WHMIS, are to be provided for all materials to be used on Kinder Morgan Canada Inc.'s property.




COATING / INSPECTION DAILY REPORT

SITE DESCRIPTION

Inspector Date

Customer Job Name

Area

Notes:

SURFACE PREPERATION

Pre Inspection Comments

Defects Corrected

Pre Cleaning Method

Equipment Used

Comments:

BLASTING ABRASIVE

Type/Grade of Abrasive Spec. Standard

Abrasive Check for: Cleanliness Abrasive Check for: pH

AMBIENT CONDITIONS

Condition Time Time Time Time Time Time

Air Temp C Wet Bulb Temp C

Relative Humidity % Steel Temp C Dew Point C

Wind Direction Wind Speed km




ANCHOR PROFILE MEASUREMENTS

Min. Max. Mean Hrs. Left Uncoated Comments:

COATINGS

Coat Paint Manufacturer Name & Description Description Batch

Number Application

Method Color MDFT Before

This Coat

W.F.T.

Min Max

1.

2.

3.

Coat M.D.F.T.

Mixing Thinning Storage Holidays Defects/Comments: Min Max

1.

2.

3.


EXTERNAL FUSION BOND EPOXY COATING GC3105, Revision 0, January 2003


GC3105 Revision 0 January 6, 2003 Page 1 of 1

Title: EXTERNAL FUSION BOND EPOXY COATING

1.0 SCOPE This standard specifies the requirements additional to those of CSA Z245.20 External Fusion Bond Epoxy Coating for Steel Pipe. The numbering of Clauses listed below refers to those in CSA Z245.20 unless otherwise indicated. Where there is a conflict between these requirements and those specified by CSA, the Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. requirement shall govern. 5.2.1 General

(d) The applicator shall use epoxy powder that is listed in Table 1.

6.2.4 Coating Thickness

Nominal coating thickness shall be 355 m (14 mils). Maximum coating thickness shall be 560 m (22 mils).

6.2.5 End Finish

The cutback length for pipe ends shall be 75 mm 15 mm. 7.1 Inspection Notice

Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. shall have unrestricted access to all plant and test facilities, and may without providing the applicator notice, witness coating application and testing.

7.3.3.4 Retests - Type A Test Failures

When a production (CSA Table 4) Cathodic Disbondment test (Clause 12.8) and/or Adhesion test (Clause 12.14) fails to conform to the specified requirements, the repeated tests shall be 48 hours in duration.

TABLE 1 APPROVED COATING SYSTEMS

Manufacturer Material 3M Scotchkote 6233

Dupont Nap-gard 7-2501

Nap-gard 7-2500


STATION & TERMINAL PIPING DESIGN MP1110, Revision 4, January 2011


MP1110 Revision 3 January 21, 2000 Page 2 of 44

Title: STATION & TERMINAL PIPING DESIGN

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 SCOPE ................................................................................................................. 7

2.0 REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS .......................................................................... 8

3.0 DEFINITIONS ....................................................................................................... 9 3.1 Isolation Valve ........................................................................................... 9 3.2 Main Line ................................................................................................... 9 3.3 NPS ........................................................................................................... 9 3.4 PN .............................................................................................................. 9 3.5 Sectionalizing Valve ................................................................................... 9 3.6 Station Piping ............................................................................................. 9 3.7 SMYS ......................................................................................................... 9

4.0 PIPING DESIGN ................................................................................................. 10 4.1 General .................................................................................................... 10

4.1.1 Minimum Pipe Size .................................................................................. 10 4.1.2 Maximum Pipe Size ................................................................................. 10 4.1.3 Prohibited Pipe Sizes .............................................................................. 10 4.1.4 Materials .................................................................................................. 10

4.2 Design Conditions .................................................................................... 10 4.2.1 Design Pressure ...................................................................................... 10 4.2.2 Design Temperature ................................................................................ 11 4.2.3 Design Fluids ........................................................................................... 11

4.3 Pressure Design ...................................................................................... 11 4.3.1 Design Wall Thickness ............................................................................ 11 4.3.2 Pressure Relief ........................................................................................ 11 4.3.3 Pressure Class ........................................................................................ 12 4.3.4 Pump Shut-off .......................................................................................... 12 4.3.5 Positive Displacement Pumps ................................................................. 12

4.4 Hydraulic Design ...................................................................................... 12 4.4.1 Station Pipe Sizing .................................................................................. 12 4.4.2 Valve Sizing ............................................................................................. 13

4.5 Branch Connections ................................................................................ 13 4.5.1 Branch Connections < 50% of Run Diameter .......................................... 13 4.5.2 Branch Connections 50% of Run Diameter .......................................... 14




4.5.3 Reinforced Branch Connections .............................................................. 14 4.5.4 Branch Connection and Weld Spacing .................................................... 15

5.0 PIPING COMPONENTS ..................................................................................... 16 5.1 Flanges .................................................................................................... 16

5.1.1 General .................................................................................................... 16 5.1.2 Hub design .............................................................................................. 16

5.2 Fittings ..................................................................................................... 16 5.2.1 Design Wall Thickness ............................................................................ 16 5.2.2 Increased Thickness ................................................................................ 16 5.2.3 Reducers ................................................................................................. 17 5.2.4 Scraper Tee Fittings ................................................................................ 17 5.2.5 Threaded and Socket-Welding Fittings ................................................... 17 5.2.6 Piping Unions .......................................................................................... 17

5.3 Joint Design ............................................................................................. 17 5.3.1 General .................................................................................................... 17 5.3.2 End Preparations ..................................................................................... 18

5.4 Elbows and Bends ................................................................................... 19 5.4.1 Elbows ..................................................................................................... 19 5.4.2 Reducing Elbows ..................................................................................... 19 5.4.3 Miter Bends ............................................................................................. 19 5.4.4 Bends Made From Pipe ........................................................................... 19

6.0 PIPING LAYOUT ................................................................................................ 19 6.1 General .................................................................................................... 19

6.1.1 Pipe Routing ............................................................................................ 19 6.1.2 Consistency ............................................................................................. 20 6.1.3 Maintainability .......................................................................................... 20 6.1.4 Operability ............................................................................................... 20 6.1.5 Safety ...................................................................................................... 20 6.1.6 Environment ............................................................................................ 20 6.1.7 Dead Legs ............................................................................................... 20 6.1.8 Dikes and Berms ..................................................................................... 21 6.1.9 Aboveground Vs Buried Piping Systems ................................................. 21

6.2 Clearances ............................................................................................... 21 6.2.1 Minimum Vertical Clearances .................................................................. 21 6.2.2 Piping Access .......................................................................................... 22 6.2.3 General Piping Clearances ...................................................................... 22 6.2.4 Minimum Pipe Rack Clearances ............................................................. 23




6.3 Valves ...................................................................................................... 24 6.3.1 General .................................................................................................... 24 6.3.2 Accessibility ............................................................................................. 24 6.3.3 Chain Operators ...................................................................................... 24 6.3.4 Handwheel Access .................................................................................. 25 6.3.5 Valve Installation, Vertical Handwheel Orientation .................................. 26 6.3.6 Valve Installation, Horizontal Handwheel Orientation .............................. 26 6.3.7 Relative Valve Elevation .......................................................................... 27 6.3.8 Valves Below Grade ................................................................................ 27 6.3.9 Valve Body Cavity/Bonnet Pressure Relief ............................................. 27 6.3.10 Globe Type Control Valves ...................................................................... 28 6.3.11 Check Valves ........................................................................................... 28 6.3.12 Ball Valves ............................................................................................... 28 6.3.13 Safety Relief Valves ................................................................................. 28 6.3.14 Thermal Relief Valves .............................................................................. 29 6.3.15 Valve Selection ........................................................................................ 29

6.4 Centrifugal Pumps ................................................................................... 29 6.4.1 General .................................................................................................... 29 6.4.2 Flange Loads ........................................................................................... 30 6.4.3 Piping Reducers ...................................................................................... 30 6.4.4 Restrictions on Elbows in Suction Piping ................................................ 30 6.4.5 Vertical Elbows in Suction Piping ............................................................ 30 6.4.6 Horizontal Elbows in Suction Piping ........................................................ 30 6.4.7 Temporary Strainers ................................................................................ 30 6.4.8 Vents and Drains ..................................................................................... 30 6.4.9 Pump Selection ....................................................................................... 31

6.5 Vent and Drain Systems .......................................................................... 31 6.5.1 General .................................................................................................... 31 6.5.2 Vent and Drain Piping (NPS 2 and smaller) ............................................ 31 6.5.3 Equipment Isolation and Drains ............................................................... 31 6.5.4 Pipe Header Termination Drains ............................................................. 31 6.5.5 Vents on Buried Piping ............................................................................ 31 6.5.6 Drain Piping Slopes ................................................................................. 32 6.5.7 Open Drain Header Systems ................................................................... 32 6.5.8 Closed Drain Header Systems ................................................................ 32 6.5.9 Expansion Chambers .............................................................................. 32

7.0 PIPING STRESS AND FLEXIBILITY .................................................................. 33 7.1 General .................................................................................................... 33




7.2 Analysis ................................................................................................... 33 7.3 Design Criteria ......................................................................................... 34 7.4 Routing .................................................................................................... 34 7.5 Expansion Joints ...................................................................................... 35 7.6 Piping Supports ....................................................................................... 35

7.6.1 Pipe Support Layout ................................................................................ 35 7.6.2 Anchoring and Guides ............................................................................. 35 7.6.3 Anchor Blocks .......................................................................................... 35 7.6.4 Welded Pipe Supports ............................................................................. 36

7.7 Piping Spans ............................................................................................ 36

8.0 BURIED PIPING AND CROSSINGS .................................................................. 37 8.1 Design Wall Thickness ............................................................................. 37

8.1.1 General .................................................................................................... 37 8.1.2 Minimum Wall Thickness ......................................................................... 37 8.1.3 Road Crossings ....................................................................................... 38

8.2 Location and Alignment ........................................................................... 38 8.2.1 General .................................................................................................... 38 8.2.2 Road Crossings ....................................................................................... 38

8.3 Pipe Clearances ...................................................................................... 38 8.3.1 Minimum Cover ....................................................................................... 38 8.3.2 Minimum Crossing Clearances ................................................................ 39 8.3.3 Minimum Lateral Clearances ................................................................... 39

8.4 Backfill ..................................................................................................... 41

9.0 PROTECTIVE COATINGS ................................................................................. 41 9.1 Exposed Piping ........................................................................................ 41 9.2 Buried Piping ........................................................................................... 41

9.2.1 General .................................................................................................... 41 9.2.2 Girth Weld Coatings ................................................................................ 41

10.0 INSULATION ...................................................................................................... 42 10.1 Insulation Materials and Application ........................................................ 42

10.1.1 Exterior Piping ......................................................................................... 42 10.1.2 Interior Piping........................................................................................... 42 10.1.3 Buried Piping ........................................................................................... 42 10.1.4 Vessels and Tanks .................................................................................. 42 10.1.5 Valves and Equipment ............................................................................. 42




10.1.6 Personnel Protection ............................................................................... 42 10.2 Insulation Thickness ................................................................................ 43 10.3 Insulation Cladding and Accessories ....................................................... 43 10.4 Surface Preparation ................................................................................. 43 10.5 Application of Insulation ........................................................................... 43

11.0 EXAMINATION AND TESTING .......................................................................... 44 11.1 Examinations ........................................................................................... 44 11.2 Testing ..................................................................................................... 44

APPENDICES

Appendix A: Standard Piping Classes Appendix B: General Piping Details Appendix C: Anchor Block Calculations Appendix D: Pipe Support Design Appendix E: Environmental Design Data for Canadian Facilities




1.0 SCOPE This standard is a guide to mandatory design practices for station piping. This standard shall be limited to systems transporting liquid hydrocarbons including: crude oil, condensate and liquid petroleum products. This standard shall be further limited to the design of Low Vapour Pressure (LVP) systems intended for Category I service.

The scope of this standard includes all pressure pipe, valves, fittings and auxiliary components used in tank farms, pump stations and terminals. This standard does not cover the design of Main Line piping systems. The designer is cautioned that this standard is not a comprehensive design handbook; it does not do away with the need for the designer or for competent engineering judgement.

The requirements of this standard shall not be applied retroactively to existing installations, but shall apply to the extension, repair, maintenance, and upgrading of such installations.

FIGURE 1.0.A -- SCOPE DIAGRAM

Note: Facilities indicated by heavy lines are within the scope of this standard,

light lines indicate facilities not within the scope.




2.0 REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS Some referenced publications are supplemented or qualified, or both, by specific requirements in this standard; referenced publications should therefore be applied only in the context of this standard. Canadian Standards Association (CSA)

CSA Z662-99 Oil and Gas Pipeline Systems

American Petroleum Institute API 610, 1995 Centrifugal Pumps for Petroleum, Heavy Duty Chemical, and

Gas Industry Services API 1102, 1993 Steel Pipelines Crossing Railroads and Highways

National Energy Board Act SOR/99-294 Onshore Pipeline Regulations

Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. Standards MP1100 Pipe Selection and Specification MP1200 Fitting Selection and Specification MP1300 Valve Selection and Specification MP2215 Scraper Tee Fittings MP2217 Induction Pipe Bending MP2219 Full-Encirclement Saddles MP3102 Piping Insulation Requirements MP3110 Station Piping Fabrication MP3901 Joining Program MP4111 Station Hydrostatic Test Procedure GC3101 External Coating of Piping, Components and Structural Steel GC3102 External Coating of Buried Piping GC3103 External Coating of Girth Welds on Buried Pipe



Title: STATION & TERMINAL PIPING DESIGN 3.0 DEFINITIONS

3.1 Isolation Valve A valve used to isolate facilities such as pumping stations, tank farms, refineries, terminals, drain lines, and vents from the main line.

3.2 Main Line Those items through which oil industry fluids are conveyed, which includes pipe, components, and any appurtenances attached thereto, up to and including the isolating valves used at stations and other facilities.

3.3 NPS NPS means Nominal Pipe Size, and the NPS system of nominal size designation is contained in standards prepared by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

3.4 PN PN means Pressure Nominal and the PN system of nominal pressure class designation is contained in standards prepared by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The numerical part of the designation approximates the maximum cold working pressure rating in bars (100 kPa).

3.5 Sectionalizing Valve A valve for isolating a section of pipeline.

3.6 Station Piping This includes all pipe, components, and any appurtenances at Pump Stations, Tank Farms, and Terminals downstream from the first station isolating valve or sectionalizing valve within the station.

3.7 SMYS SMYS means Specified Minimum Yield Strength. This is the minimum yield strength prescribed by the specification or standard under which the material is produced.



Title: STATION & TERMINAL PIPING DESIGN 4.0 PIPING DESIGN

4.1 General

4.1.1 Minimum Pipe Size With the exception of instrumentation piping, the minimum size of piping shall be NPS 1, including drains, vents, and flushing connections. If smaller lines are required, stainless steel tubing should be considered.

4.1.2 Maximum Pipe Size The maximum pipe size for station applications shall be NPS 24. NPS 30 pipe within stations shall be limited to the piping up to any scraper barrels (this restriction is due to the fact that under standard test procedures, NPS 30, 12.7 mm wall, grade 359 piping is limited to an MOP of 9570 kPA, the MOP for PN 100 is 9930 kPa).

4.1.3 Prohibited Pipe Sizes Pipe sizes NPS 1, 2, 3 and 5 shall not be used. Pipe sizes NPS 14, 18, 22, 26, and 28 should be avoided. Mechanical equipment or instrument connections of NPS 1, 2, 3 and 5 shall change to a permissible piping size, immediately adjacent to the equipment.

4.1.4 Materials The material requirements for pipe, piping components and non-metallic elements (ie. gaskets, elastomers) shall be in accordance with the requirements of Appendix A.

4.2 Design Conditions

4.2.1 Design Pressure The maximum operating pressure (MOP) shall equal the design pressure for the pressure class specified in Table 4.2.1.A.

TABLE 4.2.1.A -- DESIGN PRESSURES

Pressure Class PN 20 (ANSI 150) PN 50

(ANSI 300) PN 100

(ANSI 600) Design Pressure (kPa) 1900 4960 9930

4 Hr Test Pressure (kPa) 2375 6210 12415 1 Hr Test Pressure (kPa) 2850 7450 14900

Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. Piping Class A B C




4.2.2 Design Temperature The pipeline operating (or fluid) temperature range is -5C to 25C. The design temperature range of this standard is -29C to 50C. Design temperatures outside of this range are beyond the scope of this standard. Ambient temperature ranges must be considered when specifying materials that are not at pipeline temperature.

4.2.3 Design Fluids The table lists the nominal properties for various hydrocarbons that flow in station piping systems:

TABLE 4.2.3.A -- PROPERTIES OF DESIGN FLUIDS

Fluid Density (kg/m3)

Viscosity (mm2/sec @ 10C)

Vapour Pressure

(kPa) Flash

Point(C) Light Crude Oil 825 - 860 6 - 15 25 - 60




isolated with a valve, or check valve. Thermal relief valves shall be in accordance with paragraph 6.3.14.

4.3.3 Pressure Class The pressure class for any section of piping not protected by a relief valve shall be equal to the maximum pressure which can be developed as a result of pump shut-off, inadvertent valve closure, or static head (note: thermal relief valves are inadequate for this type of protection).

4.3.4 Pump Shut-off For piping subject to pump shut-off pressure, the design pressure shall exceed the maximum suction pressure plus the pump shut-off head.

4.3.5 Positive Displacement Pumps Piping located downstream of a positive displacement pump shall be protected by a pressure relief valve or have a design pressure that exceeds the stalling pressure of the pump. The pressure relieving device shall be independent of any internal pump relief valve and shall be installed between the pump and the first block valve on the pump's discharge. The relieving capacity of the pressure relieving device shall be equal or exceed the capacity of the pump.

4.4 Hydraulic Design

4.4.1 Station Pipe Sizing Pressure systems such as pump suction and discharge lines, manifold piping, and metering systems should be sized using Figure 4.4.A. With the exception of pump suction lines, in situations where economics justify, the flow rates may exceed those indicated by Region 2, but should not include those in Region 4.




0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

Pipe Size (NPS)

Flow

Rat

e (m

3 /hr)

Region 1Suction Piping

Region 2Discharge

Piping

Region 4Avoid applications

in this region

Region 3Short

runs only

4.4.2 Valve Sizing In order to minimize erosion damage, vibration, and noise, the velocity of flow through valves should not exceed 7.6 m/s. Block valve sizing shall be in accordance with Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. Standard MP1300.

4.5 Branch Connections

4.5.1 Branch Connections < 50% of Run Diameter Branch connections less than 50% of the run pipe size should be made with wrought steel reducing tees, extruded outlet fittings, or integrally reinforced, forged steel, branch outlet fittings which abut the run pipe. Such outlet fittings include: weldolets, sockolets or threadolets. Direct stub-ins shall only be permitted on atmospheric drain lines.

FIGURE 4.4.A HYDRAULIC PIPE SIZING




4.5.2 Branch Connections 50% of Run Diameter Except as permitted by 4.5.2(a) and (b), branch connections greater than or equal to 50% of the run pipe size shall be made with straight tees, reducing tees, or extruded outlet fittings.

a) Pad-type reinforcement shall be permitted for applications

where the branch pipe is at least one pipe size less than the run pipe. The reinforcement shall be in accordance with CSA Z662.

b) Forged steel outlet fittings shall be permitted for applications where the branch pipe is at least one pipe size less than the run pipe, for the following classes and sizes:

i) Piping Class A (PN 20), run pipe size NPS 16 ii) Piping Class B (PN 50), run pipe size NPS 4

TABLE 4.5.A -- BRANCH CONNECTION SELECTION GUIDE

BRANCH SIZE

1 1 2 3 4 6 8 10 12 16 20 24

HEADER

SIZE

24 O O O O W W W W W RT RT RT T 20 O O O O W W W W RT RT RT T 16 O O O O W W W RT RT RT T 12 O O O O W W RT RT RT T 10 O O O O W W RT RT T 8 O O O O W RT RT T 6 O O O O RT RT T 4 O O O RT RT T SW = SOCKET WELDING TEE

T = STRAIGHT TEE RT = REDUCING TEE W = WELDOLET O = OTHER OLETS:

SOCKOLET ELBOLET THREADOLET

3 O O O RT T 2 SW SW SW SW

1 SW SW SW 1 SW SW SW

4.5.3 Reinforced Branch Connections When reinforced branch connections are used, the branch piping shall be made from XS pipe. As a minimum, the XS pipe stub shall extend from the run pipe to 150 mm past the re-pad or saddle outlet before any reduction in wall thickness. Full-encirclement saddles shall be in accordance with Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. Standard MP2219, Full-Encirclement Saddles. Re-pads shall include tapped vent holes for weld testing.




4.5.4 Branch Connection and Weld Spacing The minimum distance between any two girth welds or any combination of fillet and girth weld shall be 100 mm. The minimum distance between adjacent branch connections shall be in accordance with 4.5.4.A.

FIGURE 4.5.A -- MINIMUM DIMENSIONS FOR LOCATIONS OF BRANCH CONNECTIONS

TABLE 4.5.A -- MINIMUM DIMENSIONS FOR LOCATIONS OF BRANCH CONNECTIONS BRANCH SIZE

A B 1 1 2 3 4 6 8 10

BRANC H S I ZE

150 150 1 150 150 160

1 150 160 170 180 2 150 170 170 180 190 3 260 310 310 310 310 510 4 290 340 340 340 340 540 575 6 330 380 380 380 380 580 610 650 8 360 410 410 410 410 610 650 680 720 10 410 450 450 450 450 660 690 730 760 810

Table 5.4.A is based on PN 100 (600 ANSI) flanges.




5.0 PIPING COMPONENTS

5.1 Flanges

5.1.1 General Raised face, weld neck flanges should be used for permanent piping. Slip on flanges should be avoided. If slip on flanges are used, they shall be double welded (welded on the inside and outside diameter). Except as permitted by clause 5.1.2, the material grade shall conform to the requirements of Appendix A.

5.1.2 Hub design A flange with a SMYS less than that of the mating pipe may be used provided that there is a corresponding increase in thickness of the hub at the welding end of the flange. The hub thickness shall be such that the product of its nominal thickness and its SMYS is equal to or greater than the respective product for the mating pipe. However, the ratio of the SMYS of the pipe to that of the flange shall not exceed 1.5. The end preparation shall conform to the requirements of 5.3.5. When pipe of greater wall thickness than required is used, match boring of the pipe ends to suit the flange thickness is permitted.

5.2 Fittings

5.2.1 Design Wall Thickness Except as permitted by clause 5.2.2, the design wall thickness and material grade for wrought steel butt-welding fittings shall be equal to or greater than that of the mating pipe it is attached to, and not less than that specified in Appendix A.

5.2.2 Increased Thickness A fitting with a SMYS less than that of the mating pipe may be used provided that there is a corresponding increase in the fitting wall thickness. The fitting wall thickness shall be such that the product of its nominal thickness and its SMYS shall be equal to or greater than the respective product for the mating pipe. However, the ratio of the SMYS of the pipe to that of the fitting shall not exceed 1.5. The end preparation shall conform to the requirements of 5.3.5. When pipe of greater wall thickness than required is used, match boring of the pipe ends to suit the fitting thickness is permitted.




5.2.3 Reducers Concentric or eccentric reducers joining pipes of different thickness should be specified for the thicker wall, with end preparation as per subsection 5.3.5.

5.2.4 Scraper Tee Fittings Tees with branch sizes NPS 12 and larger, in piping designed for internal inspection shall have scraper guide bars in accordance with Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. Standard MP2215.

5.2.5 Threaded and Socket-Welding Fittings Forged-steel threaded and socket-welding fittings, including forged outlet fittings, plugs, and unions shall be ANSI Class 3000. Cast iron and brass fittings shall not be used for liquid hydrocarbon service.

5.2.6 Piping Unions Pipe unions shall be limited to drain piping and shall not be used in pressure piping systems. Unions in drain systems shall be located on the downstream or low pressure side of header drain valves.

5.3 Joint Design

5.3.1 General Typical piping joints are welded, flanged or threaded. Piping systems should be designed to minimize the number of joints, and should be welded wherever possible. Joints on piping shall be in accordance with the requirements of Table 5.3.1.A.

TABLE 5.3.1.A - JOINT SELECTION GUIDE

Application Joint Type

Threaded Socket Welded Butt

Welded

PN 20 NPS 1 PN 20 > NPS 1 Temporary only

Drain Systems Buried Piping Prohibited

PN 50 & PN 100 Prohibited Prohibited




5.3.2 End Preparations Transition between ends of unequal thickness shall be accomplished by the means illustrated in Figure 5.3.5.A.

FIGURE 5.3.5.A -- END PREPARATIONS

t1 = design wall thickness of the mating pipe t2 = design wall thickness of the fitting or thicker pipe

SMYS1 = SMYS of pipe SMYS2 = SMYS of fitting or thicker pipe

1) Where the fitting is tapered within its design thickness (t2), the taper angle () shall be; Wrought Fittings: 14 30, Flanges: 14 18

2) Where the taper is outside the design thickness, the minimum angle is 0 (wrought fittings only); 3) Undimensioned angles and lands shall be in accordance with either figure a or b. 4) In the case of match boring pipe of greater wall thickness than required, t1 is the thickness of the

fitting and t2 is the thickness of the pipe, with the corresponding reversal in SMYS1 and SMYS2.

a) Standard End Preparation of Butt-Welding Fittings and Optional End Prep. for Pipe

b) Standard End Preparation for Pipe

c) Internal Diameters Unequal for materials of unequal SMYS

d) External Diameters Unequal

e) External and Internal Diameters Unequal

for materials of unequal SMYS

t1 1.5 t2 and SMYSSMYS t1 = t2

2

1




5.4 Elbows and Bends

5.4.1 Elbows Long radius elbows shall be used in permanent piping for sizes NPS 3 and larger. Because of their poor hydraulic characteristics, short radius elbows are to be avoided, particularly in pump suction piping and upstream of valves, flow measuring equipment, and instrumentation connections. One exception is the use of short radius elbows in safety relief valve discharge piping to minimize the moment and forces on the valve. Elbows in piping systems designed tp allow for internal inspection shall have a minimum radius of three pipe diameters.

5.4.2 Reducing Elbows Because of their high relative cost and quality assurance problems, reducing elbows should be avoided. If reducing elbows are unavoidable, they must be carefully specified and inspected during fabrication.

5.4.3 Miter Bends Miter bends shall be avoided and their use is prohibited on PN 50 and PN 100 piping.

5.4.4 Bends Made From Pipe It shall be permissible to use bends made from pipe in accordance with the following:

a) Cold pipe bends shall be limited to a minimum radius of 40 pipe

diameters.

b) Induction Bends shall be in accordance with Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. Standard MP2217, Induction Pipe Bending.

6.0 PIPING LAYOUT

6.1 General The overall piping arrangement should be neat, orderly, and economical based on the following guidelines:

6.1.1 Pipe Routing Multiple adjacent piping runs should be routed parallel to one another and at a common elevation. Branches off the main lines should be




from the top or bottom of the pipe in order to avoid interference with an adjacent line.

6.1.2 Consistency Piping layouts at multiple identical pieces of equipment should be alike for familiarity and ease of operation.

6.1.3 Maintainability All piping and equipment requiring regular attention by operating and maintenance personnel should be readily accessible. Adequate, clear working spaces, of at least 1m, should be provided around equipment such as pumps and valves. Piping should be self supporting for ease of equipment removal.

6.1.4 Operability Piping shall be designed such that operating personnel can perform their functions in an efficient manner. Not every valve and instrument can be ideally located, but priorities can be established by consideration of the frequency of operation and degree of physical effort required.

6.1.5 Safety Stairs, ladders, and platforms shall be provided with adequate head room and lateral clearance. Equipment, valves and other piping components shall be located such that they do not create hazards. Special care shall be taken in the placement of valve stems. Every effort shall be made to keep such projections out of the area between 1400 to 1800 mm (face level) above grade.

6.1.6 Environment At large integrated manifold systems, overhead cranes complete with roof systems should be provided to shelter workers and equipment from the elements and minimize the amount of rainwater runoff to be processed. These manifolds shall also include liner systems and sumps to collect and contain leakage.

6.1.7 Dead Legs Industry experience has shown that dead legs (sections of pipe which do not experience flow under normal conditions) are subject to internal corrosion and thus should be avoided. These volumes also present contamination problems and shall be minimized on any clean product systems.




6.1.8 Dikes and Berms Wherever possible, pumps, operating valves and fire fighting valves shall be located outside diked areas to provide access to this equipment during a spill or fire.

6.1.9 Aboveground Vs Buried Piping Systems Aboveground piping systems are preferred, but the designer shall consider the following:

a) aboveground piping is accessible for visual inspection,

maintenance and repair;

b) piping modifications are usually easier to complete on aboveground piping due to the absence of excavation requirements;

c) aboveground piping will be affected by radiant heat;

d) aboveground piping provides more flexibility for movement in all planes. Flexibility may be necessary to accommodate uneven settlement, shifting foundations, soil movement, earthquakes, movements from line shocks and movements from thermal expansion.

e) underground piping may be necessary for gravity drain systems;

f) underground piping requires better coating and cathodic protection;

6.2 Clearances

6.2.1 Minimum Vertical Clearances Minimum vertical clearances between finished grade (or top of floor plate) and the bottom of the piping, insulation, or support beam (whichever controls) are to be as specified in Table 6.2.1.A.




TABLE 6.2.1.A -- MINIMUM VERTICAL CLEARANCES

Location Minimum Clearance Above railroad tracks from base of rail 6.8 m Above major roads open to unrestricted traffic (such as periphery of manifold area limits) 5.5 m Within manifold and metering areas:

Above internal roadways provided for access of maintenance and fire fighting equipment 4.25 m

Above grade, at pipe racks, where access is required for:

1. vehicular equipment 2. portable (temporary) service equipment only

4.25 m 3.05 m

Above walkways and elevated platforms 2.15 m Above grade in paved or unpaved areas

(measured from grade to underside of pipe flange, Dimension C in Table 6.2.5.A) 0.3 m

6.2.2 Piping Access Piping shall be designed in order to maintain the minimum width of accessway specified in Table 6.2.2.A.

TABLE 6.2.2.A -- MINIMUM WIDTH OF ACCESSWAY

Location Width

Manifold area accessway

a) Primary b) Secondary

1.50 m 0.91 m

Platform and walkways 0.81 m

6.2.3 General Piping Clearances There shall be a minimum clearance of 75 mm between pipe flanges and any obstructions in confined spaces such as pits or beneath grating. This spacing shall be maintained even in the absence of pipe flanges




FIGURE 6.2.3.A -- MINIMUM PIPING CLEARANCES

TABLE 6.2.3.A -- MINIMUM PIPING CLEARANCES (mm)

Pipe Size A B C 1 135 135

Critical service

applications such as unit and station

valves

365 1 155 155 380 2 160 160 385 3 180 180 405 4 210 210 440 6 255 255 480 8 285 285 1010 510 10 330 330 1040 555 12 355 355 1060 580 16 420 420 1100 645 20 480 480 1150 710 24 545 545 1200 770 30 640 640 1280 865

Clearances are based on PN 100 ( 600 lb. ) flanges.

6.2.4 Minimum Pipe Rack Clearances Minimum horizontal center to center spacing between uninsulated lines shall be as shown in Table 6.2.4.A. Spacing may also be governed by movement of lines due to expansion.




TABLE 6.2.4.A -- MINIMUM SPACING BETWEEN CENTERLINES (mm)

Pipe Size 1 1 2 3 4 6 8 10 12 16 20 24 30

30 475 475 500 550 575 625 650 700 750 775 825 875 950

24 450 450 450 475 525 550 575 625 650 700 750 800

20 400 400 425 425 450 475 525 550 575 625 675

16 325 350 350 375 400 425 475 500 525 575

12 275 300 300 325 350 375 400 450 475

10 250 275 275 300 325 350 375 400

8 225 250 250 275 300 325 350

6 200 225 225 250 250 275

4 175 175 200 200 225

3 150 150 175 175 Pipe spacing based on: OD small pipe + OD large flange) + 25 mm This chart is based on the use of a PN 50 flange on the larger pipe size. Insulated lines or PN 100 flanges will require larger clearances.

2 125 125 150

1 125 125

1 125

6.3 Valves

6.3.1 General Valves should be installed with their stems oriented between the vertical upward (preferred) and 45 from vertical positions. Horizontal valve installations should be avoided. Valves shall not be installed upside down. The following safety hazards must be avoided when determining stem orientation: head and knee interference, tripping hazards, and valve stems at eye level in the horizontal plane. The valve handwheel size shall not be reduced to accommodate the piping arrangement.

6.3.2 Accessibility In determining the location of valves in piping systems, accessibility for operation and adequate space for maintenance shall be provided. The use of extended stems should be considered in order to avoid unnecessary loops or turns in the piping.

6.3.3 Chain Operators The use of chain operators should be avoided. In general, only infrequently used valves should be located with their handwheel centerline higher than 1400 mm above grade. Platforms should be provided for any valves required in piping above this elevation. An exception to this requirement would be a high point vent.




6.3.4 Handwheel Access A minimum of 100 mm clearance shall be provided around the entire circumference of all handwheels. For valve handwheels behind obstructions, such as handrails, the following shall apply:

a) In the case of vertical handwheels, the entire handwheel shall

be within 400 mm of the outer edge of the obstruction, which shall not exceed 1200 mm in elevation above grade. No other obstacle shall interrupt the space between the obstruction and an elevation of 1800 mm. In the case of handrails, the handwheel stem can either penetrate through the rail, or a section of rail in front of the handwheel can be removable (dropbar section) to facilitate access.

b) In the case of horizontal handwheels, one half of the handwheel diameter shall be within 400 mm of the outer edge of the obstruction and all other restrictions mentioned in 6.3.4(a) shall apply.

FIGURE 6.3.4.A -- HANDWHEEL CLEARANCE

VERTICALHORIZONTAL




6.3.5 Valve Installation, Vertical Handwheel Orientation Valves installed with their handwheel in the vertical should have the handwheel centerline located at an elevation between 1000 mm and 1200 mm above grade or platform grating as shown in Figure 6.3.5.A (optimal elevation 1100 mm). Installations below 800 mm should be avoided and reserved for infrequently used valves such as header drain valves.

FIGURE 6.3.5.A -- VALVE INSTALLATION - VERTICAL HANDWHEEL

6.3.6 Valve Installation, Horizontal Handwheel Orientation Valves installed with their handwheel in the horizontal should have the handwheel located at an elevation between 1000 mm and 1200 mm above grade or platform grating as shown in Figure 6.3.6.A (optimal elevation 1100 mm). Installations below 800 mm should be avoided and reserved for infrequently used valves such as header drain valves.




FIGURE 6.3.6.A -- VALVE INSTALLATION - HORIZONTAL HANDWHEEL

6.3.7 Relative Valve Elevation Water emulsified in crude oil can precipitate out of solution and collect at low points in piping. To prevent this accumulation and the subsequent freezing potential at valves, a valve shall be placed at an elevation equal to or higher than that of the highest piping header that it is connected to (refer to Figure 6.3.7.A).

FIGURE 6.3.7.A -- RELATIVE VALVE ELEVATION

NEVER AVOID BETTER BEST

6.3.8 Valves Below Grade All below grade valves shall be located in valve boxes and provided with an extended stem and handwheel above grade. Burial of below grade valves is not permitted.

6.3.9 Valve Body Cavity/Bonnet Pressure Relief Valves NPS 8 and larger that do not have integral pressure relief, such as wedge gate valves, soft sealing plug valves and some ball valves shall be installed complete with body cavity pressure




relief valves piped to an open drain system, or to the connected piping. The body cavity can be vented to the adjacent piping using connections provided on the valve body.

6.3.10 Globe Type Control Valves Control valves should be installed with the valve stem in the vertical upright position. There should be a minimum of three diameters of straight pipe both upstream and downstream of the control valve, unless otherwise recommended by the manufacturer. This practice reduces turbulence in the fluid entering and leaving the valve.

6.3.11 Check Valves Check valves are used to control the direction of flow and cannot be relied upon for positive shut off in the reverse direction. The preferred installation of any check valve is in a horizontal piping run. Check valves shall not be installed in vertical down flow piping. Check valves are highly susceptible to chattering due to upstream turbulence caused by fittings. In the absence of specific recommendations from the manufacturer, a minimum of five diameters of straight pipe should be provided upstream of all check valves. For check valves in horizontal piping, the hinge pin orientation shall be:

a) vertical for dual plate wafer type check valves;

b) horizontal for regular swing type check valves.

6.3.12 Ball Valves Ball valves shall not be installed in vertical piping runs. In crude service when the valve is closed, dirt or grit can settle on top of the ball. Upon opening the valve, these solids can damage the seats or the ball itself.

6.3.13 Safety Relief Valves In the absence of any manufacturers recommendations, the following guidelines should be followed for the arrangement and installation of safety and relief valves of the direct spring loaded type:

a) All relief valves shall be installed in the vertical upright position

on top of a horizontal run of pipe. The valve should be located at least one header diameter away from any butt weld.

b) No header branch penetration should be made in the same circumferential cros

A2S2T6 - ETE Project Design - Construction Specifications

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